Database Lab Tips & Tricks

h2p://home.hit.no/~hansha/?lab=database 1

Hans-Pe2er Halvorsen, Telemark University College, 2013.04.08

Note! The Assignment is located here:

Design and Implement a System for Logging and PresentaSon of Weather Data

Database

Weather Sta,on

Logging Weather Data

Apps for Manipula,on and Presenta,on of Weather Data

Table of Contents

1.Introduc,on 2.Database Systems 3.Database Design - Visio 4.SQL Server 5.LabVIEW

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1. IntroducSon

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(Windows Server)

SQL Server 2012

(Windows 7/8)

Client

LabVIEW 2012

System Overview

Note! Normally the Database is installed on a separate Server, but for simplicity, we install the SQL Server on our local computer

Server

Database

Visio 2012

SoXware

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MicrosoR Visio 2010 (Visio 2013 is not recommended!) MicrosoR SQL Server 2012 (Express) LabVIEW 2012 SQL Toolkit

MicrosoX Visio 2010 and MicrosoR SQL Server 2012 are free to use as they are included in the MicrosoX DreamSpark Premium SubscripSon available for students at Telemark University College. In our assignment it is recommended to use the MicrosoX SQL Server 2012 Express version which is free of charge and can be downloaded here: hZp://www.microsoR.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29062

In this Assignment you need the following SoRware:

SQL Toolkit makes it easy to access Database Systems from LabVIEW. The Toolkit is created by Hans-PeZer Halvorsen and is free of charge from my web site.

Task Overview Database Design in MS Visio Create Database and Tables in MS SQL Server SQL Queries (Structured Query Language) Create & Use a Database Views Create & Use a Database Stored Procedures Create & Use a Database Triggers Create Applica,ons in LabVIEW that communicates with the Database created

h2p://home.hit.no/~hansha/?lab=database See the Assignment for detailed Task DescripSons:

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Tutorials, etc. Structured Query Language Database CommunicaSon in LabVIEW Use these Tutorials to get a beZer understanding of the topics involved in the assignment Example Code The Example Code help you solve the assignment!

7 h2p://home.hit.no/~hansha/?lab=database You nd Tutorials, Example Code and Addi,onal Resources here:

Hardware

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We will use a NI USB-TC01 Thermocouple Measurement Device in order to log Temperature Data into the Database

NI USB-TC01 Thermocouple Measurement Device using LabVIEW

The USB-TC01 Device works similar as the USB-6008 DAQ device, i.e., you use the DAQ Assistant

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Temperature SimulaSon

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If you dont have a TC01 device, you can create a simple Temperature Simulator instead.

A simple SubVI that simulates a Temperature value using a Random Generator

In this way you can easily switch between the real Temperature sensor (TC01) and the Simulator

Case Structure

Case Structure

While Loop

While Loop

Example of such as Simulator:

2. Database Systems

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Database Systems

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A Database is a structured way to store lots of informa,on. The informa,on is stored in dierent tables. - Everything today is stored in databases! Examples: Bank/Account systems Informa,on in Web pages such as Facebook, Wikipedia, YouTube, etc.

Fronter, TimeEdit, etc. lots of other examples!

Database Management Systems (DBMS) MicrosoX SQL Server

Enterprise, Developer versions, etc. (Professional use) Express version is free of charge

Oracle MySQL (owned by Oracle, but previously owned by Sun

Microsystems) - MySQL can be used free of charge (open source license), Web sites that use MySQL: YouTube, Wikipedia, Facebook

MicrosoR Access IBM DB2 Sybase etc.

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We will use SQL server because it is very popular in the industry today, and we can use it for free via the MicrosoX DreamSpark Premium SubscripSon which is available for the students and sta at Telemark University College, or use the Express version which is available for free for everybody.

MicrosoX SQL Server

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SQL Server consists of a Database Engine and a Management Studio. The Database Engine has no graphical interface - it is just a service running in the background of your computer (preferable on the server). The Management Studio is graphical tool for conguring and viewing the informa,on in the database. It can be installed on the server or on the client (or both).

The newest version of MicrosoR SQL Server is SQL Server 2012 Note! You need to install both

on your local computer!

3. Database Design - Visio

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MicrosoX Visio

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Tools for Design and Modeling Database Systems: ERwin (very good! But expensive! ~$5000)

Note! CA ERwin Data Modeler Community Edi,on is a free edi,on that contains a subset of the standard product

Toad Data Modeler MS Visio lots of other tools

We will use MS Visio because it has everything we need and it is a very popular part of the MS Oce package (and you probably already have it installed). We can also use it for free via the MicrosoX DreamSpark Premium SubscripSon available for the students and sta at Telemark University College

Database Design ER Diagram

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ER Diagram (En,ty-Rela,onship Diagram) Used for Design and Modeling of Databases. Specify Tables and relaSonship between them (Primary Keys and Foreign Keys)

Primary Key Primary Key

Foreign Key

Table Name

Table Name

Rela,onal Database. In a rela,onal database all the tables have one or more rela,on with each other using Primary Keys (PK) and Foreign Keys (FK). Note! You can only have one PK in a table, but you may have several FKs.

Column Names

Example:

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Database Design ER Diagram Example I PK

PK

PK

PK

PK

PK

FK

FK FK

FK FK FK

PK

PK

FK FK

FK FK

PK-FK RelaSonship

PK-FK RelaSonships

Table Name

Table Name

Table Name

Table Name Table Name

Table Name

Table Name Table Name

PK Primary Key, FK Foreign Key

This example stores all informa,on about the students grade, etc. in the database

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Database Design ER Diagram Example II Library Management System

Database Design MicrosoX Visio

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We will use Visio to Design our Database

Select the proper Template

Visio - Example

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Use the En,ty Tool in order to create Tables

Use the Rela,onship Tool in order to create Primary Key Foreign Key Rela,onship between two tables (lines with arrows)

Table Name Primary Key (PK)

Foreign Key (FK)

Database - Best PracSce

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Tables: Use upper case and singular form in table names not plural, e.g., STUDENT (not students)

Columns: Use Pascal nota,on, e.g., StudentId Primary Key: If the table name is COURSE, name the Primary Key column CourseId, etc.

Always use Integer and Iden,ty(1,1) for Primary Keys

Specify Required Columns (NOT NULL) i.e., which columns that need to have data or not

Standardize on these Data Types: int, oat, varchar(x), date2me, bit

It is recommended that you follow these guidelines!

4. SQL Server

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MicrosoX SQL Server Create a New Database

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Name you database, e.g., WEATHER_SYSTEM

MicrosoX SQL Server

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Write your Query here

The result from your Query

Your Database

Your Tables

Your SQL Server

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MicrosoX SQL Server

Make sure to uncheck this op,on!

Do you get an error when trying to change your tables?

SQL Structured Query language

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insert into STUDENT (Name , Number, SchoolId) values ('John Smith', '100005', 1)

select SchoolId, Name from SCHOOL

select * from SCHOOL where SchoolId > 100

update STUDENT set Name='John Wayne' where StudentId=2

delete from STUDENT where SchoolId=3

A Database Computer Language designed for Managing Data in Rela,onal Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

Query Examples:

We have 4 dierent Query Types: INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE and DELETE

Create Tables using SQL

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if not exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[SCHOOL]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1) CREATE TABLE [SCHOOL] (

[SchoolId] [int] IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, [SchoolName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL UNIQUE, [Description] [varchar](1000) NULL, [Address] [varchar](50) NULL, [Phone] [varchar](50) NULL, [PostCode] [varchar](50) NULL, [PostAddress] [varchar](50) NULL,

) GO if not exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[CLASS]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1) CREATE TABLE [CLASS] (

[ClassId] [int] IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY, [SchoolId] [int] NOT NULL FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES [SCHOOL] ([SchoolId]), [ClassName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL, [Description] [varchar](1000) NULL,

) GO

Create Tables using the Designer Tools in SQL Server

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Even if you can do everything using the SQL language, it is some,mes easier to do something in the designer tools in the Management Studio in SQL Server. Instead of crea,ng a script you may as well easily use the designer for crea,ng tables, constraints, inser,ng data, etc.

Select New Table : Next, the table designer pops up where you can add columns, data types, etc.

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In this designer we may also specify constraints, such as primary keys, unique, foreign keys, etc.

Create Tables with the Database Diagram

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You may select exis,ng tables or create new Tables

Create New Table

Enter Columns, select Data Types, Primary Keys, etc.

Get Data from mulSple tables in a single Query using Joins

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select SchoolName, CourseName from SCHOOL inner join COURSE on SCHOOL.SchoolId = COURSE.SchoolId

Example:

You link Primary Keys and Foreign Keys together

CreaSng Views using SQL

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IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'CourseData' AND type = 'V') DROP VIEW CourseData

GO CREATE VIEW CourseData AS SELECT SCHOOL.SchoolId, SCHOOL.SchoolName, COURSE.CourseId, COURSE.CourseName, COURSE.Description FROM SCHOOL INNER JOIN COURSE ON SCHOOL.SchoolId = COURSE.SchoolId GO

select * from CourseData

You can Use the View as an ordinary table in Queries :

A View is a virtual table that can contain data from mul,ple tables

Inside the View you join the dierent tables together using the JOIN operator

The Name of the View

Create View:

Using the View:

This part is not necessary but if you make any changes, you need to delete the old version before you can update it

CreaSng Views using the Editor

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4Add necessary tables

Save the View

Graphical Interface where you can select columns you need

Stored Procedure

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IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'StudentGrade' AND type = 'P') DROP PROCEDURE StudentGrade

OG CREATE PROCEDURE StudentGrade @Student varchar(50), @Course varchar(10), @Grade varchar(1) AS DECLARE @StudentId int, @CourseId int select StudentId from STUDENT where StudentName = @Student select CourseId from COURSE where CourseName = @Course insert into GRADE (StudentId, CourseId, Grade) values (@StudentId, @CourseId, @Grade) GO

execute StudentGrade 'John Wayne', 'SCE2006', 'B'

A Stored Procedure is like Method in C# - it is a piece of code with SQL commands that do a specic task and you reuse it

Input Arguments

Internal/Local Variables

Procedure Name

SQL Code (the body of the Stored Procedure)

Note! Each variable starts with @

Create Stored Procedure:

Using the Stored Procedure:

This part is not necessary but if you make any changes, you need to delete the old version before you can update it

Trigger

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IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects WHERE name = 'CalcAvgGrade' AND type = 'TR') DROP TRIGGER CalgAvgGrade

GO CREATE TRIGGER CalcAvgGrade ON GRADE FOR UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE AS DECLARE @StudentId int, @AvgGrade float select @StudentId = StudentId from INSERTED select @AvgGrade = AVG(Grade) from GRADE where StudentId = @StudentId update STUDENT set TotalGrade = @AvgGrade where StudentId = @StudentId GO

A Trigger is executed when you insert, update or delete data in a Table specied in the Trigger.

Inside the Trigger you can use ordinary SQL statements, create variables, etc.

Name of the Trigger

Specify which Table the Trigger shall work on

Internal/Local Variables

SQL Code (The body of the Trigger)

Specify what kind of opera,ons the Trigger shall act on

Note! INSERTED is a temporarily table containing the latest inserted data, and it is very handy to use inside a trigger

Create the Trigger: This part is not necessary but if you make any changes, you need to delete the old version before you can update it

5. LabVIEW

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Weather System in LabVIEW

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App #1 Logg data from TC-01 Device and save the data into the database

GUI/HMI Example:

Code Example:

DAQ Assistant for NI USB-TC01

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Acquire Signals Analog Input Temperature Thermocouple

Select Physical Channel ai0

Use default Proper,es

Click OK to Finish

Weather System in LabVIEW

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App #2 Present weather data from the database con,nuously GUI/HMI Example:

Weather System in LabVIEW

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App #3 Manage Weather Parameters (Create New, Edit exis,ng or Delete exis,ng Parameters)

GUI/HMI Example

GUI/HMI Example

ODBC

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ODBC (Open Database Connec,vity) is a standardized interface (API) for accessing the database from a client. You can use this standard to communicate with databases from dierent vendors, such as Oracle, SQL Server, etc. The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of programming languages, database systems, and opera,ng systems.

Control Panel Administra,ve Tools Data Sources (ODBC)

We will use this ODBC Connec,on later in LabVIEW in order to open the Database Connec,on from LabVIEW

ODBC Step by Step InstrucSons

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The Name of your SQL Server

The Name of your ODBC Connec,on

Use either Windows or SQL Server authen,ca,on (Windows is simplest to use!)

Select the Database you are using for the Library

Test your connec,on to see if its works

SQL Server Congura,on Manager

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Make sure to Enable these Protocols!

If not the Database Communica,on from LabVIEW will not work properly!

MicrosoX Excel - Example

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Select your ODBC connec,on

Finally, the data from the database is in the Excel sheet

Select Tables and Columns

LabVIEW SQL Toolkit

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Example 1: Get Data from Database into LabVIEW:

Example 2: Write Data to Database from LabVIEW:

Easy Access to Database Systems from LabVIEW

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Your ODBC Connec,on

LabVIEW SQL Toolkit

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If we want to save input data from the user we can use the Format Into String func,on

execute CreateBook Lord of the Rings', J.R.R. Tolkien', Wiley', 32-2-333-56', Fantasy'

The %s operator will be replaced by the text from the TextBox on the Front Panel. For Numbers we can use %d (Integer) or %f for Floa,ng-point Number.

Resul,ng SQL Query:

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GUI/HMI

Code:

LabVIEW Example

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This example shows is a Library Management System, but a system for manipula,ng Weather Parameters will work the same way

Mul,column Listbox

Menu Ring

The following Window (SubVI) Pops up when clicking the Add Book BuZon

Show the Books available in the Database using a View

Insert the Book informa,on in the Database using a Stored Procedure

Update the List with the latest informa,on from the Database

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LabVIEW Block Diagram State Machine

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Download the Example Code and use the following Example:

ShiR Register

Error Handling using an Error Clusters and ShiR Register

When you click on the dierent BuZons, etc., the code inside the Event Structure will be automa,cally executed

The Programming Technique shown above is called a State Machine and it is recommended that you use this method!

Grading/Submission - Checklist

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The Report in PDF format is included in the ZIP File

The LabVIEW Code is included in the ZIP File

The ER diagram in Visio is included in the ZIP File

The SQL Code/SQL Scripts (Views, Triggers, Stored Procedure, etc.) are included in the ZIP File

Submission in Fronter (one .ZIP File Not .RAR!!!!!!)

A Printed Copy of the Report is in the Mail Box outside my Oce

Note! The Database Lab counts 25% of the nal grade in the course

Hans-Pe2er Halvorsen, M.Sc. Telemark University College Faculty of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering, InformaSon Technology and CyberneScs

E-mail: hans.p.halvorsen@hit.no Blog: h2p://home.hit.no/~hansha/

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