Data Structure Data Structure: –Structure: Way/Method to store something so that, –The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently. Examples:

Data Structure•Data Structure:

–Structure:•Way/Method to store something so that,

–The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently.•Examples:

–Room of your house:»To store your belongings.

–Cupboard / Cabinet in your room:»To store your important accessories such as clothes etc.

–Hardbound Box files:»To store your bills etc.

–Class:»To store students.

–Data:•Collection of facts and figures.

Data Structure

No Name Gender English Maths Total

1 Sachin M 50 60 110

2 Sunita F 50 40 90

3 Virat M 40 60 100

Entity SetDomain

Marksheet

Student’s Data

Entity: Student

Whose Data?

For which Entity?Attributes

Row / Record / Tuple

(Gender) = {M, F}

Domain (English) = {x / x varies from 0 to 100}

Question:What is the importance of this data to a particular person?

Data Structure•Data:

–Importance of data to a person depends on the:•Person who is trying to see/analyze the data.

–Example:•Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBBA student?

–Nothing.•Importance of TYBCA marksheet data to a TYBCA student?

–Wants to know his own record.–Might want to know his friend’s record.

•Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a BCA faculty?–Wants to know the result of his subject.

•Importance of TYBCA marksheet to a Director?–Wants to know the overall result of his college.

–Conclusion:•Same data can have,

–Different meaning/importance to different people.–This data / part of data with some meaning is called:

•Information

Data Structure•Information:

–Information is:•Processed Data / Meaningful Data which can be used to take,•Important decisions.

–Example:•After seeing the information of his result, a student might take a decision whether to:

–Continue studies,–Continue in same college,–Join some business.

•After seeing the information, a director might take a decision whether to:

–Change subject faculty,–Remove that faculty altogether.

Data v/s Information

•Data & Information:–There is a major difference between these 2 things.–However many a times, both the words ‘Data’ & ‘Information’ are used interchangeably.

Procedureto

ProcessData

Data

Information-1

Information-2

Information-n

Data Structure

•Data Structure:–Way/Method to store data so that,

•Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied on that data and,•Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

Tell the Structure?Data: Books

Randomly arranged on top of each other

Properly arranged by subject, author etc.

Tell the Structure?Data: Light Bills, Phone Bills, Water Bills of different months

Everything in a single file.

Everything in a single file with markers.

In 3 different files sorted by month etc.


–Way/Method to store data so that,•Various processes (Searching, Filtering etc) can be applied on that data and,•Information from that stored data can be accessed quickly and efficiently.

OR–It is a triplet consisting of:

•D: (What is stored?) –Data that can be stored in the structure.

•F: (Why it is stored?)–Functions / Operations that can be done on the stored data.

•A: (How is it stored?)–Axioms (Rules) to be applied when storing the data.

–So,•Data Structure (DS) = (D, F, A)


–We are already aware about,•The advantages of,

–Storing the same data in a computer than,–Storing in a physical file / physical world.

•Example:–Student’s marksheet stored on physical paper compared to the same marksheet stored in some software (Excel) of Computer.

–Advantages of storing data in a computer:•More accessing speed and hence less time consuming.•More accuracy.•Changes / Modifications could be easily done.•No problem of concentration.

–Not tempted and does not use Facebook.•Will not get tired.

–Does not require food, drinks apart from electricity.


–How to store data in a computer?•Examples:

–Student Marksheet:»Microsoft Excel

–Letters:»Microsoft Word

–Music Files:»In different folders according to Genre.

–3D designs:»3D Home Architect / AutoCad

–Dates:»Excel, Database, ?

–Mathematical Equations such as Polynomials:»?

–Family Tree of a Person:»?

–Route / Path of a Flight:»?

Data Structure

•Data Structure Using C:–How to store data in a computer?

•By instructing the computer,•By commanding the computer,•By programming the computer using,

–Any programming language such as:»C, C++, Java

Data Structure•Data Structure Using C:

–Examples:•34:

–int

•99.50:–float

•‘a’:–char

•List of roll numbers / List of marks:–Array

•Family Tree:–Tree

•Path / Route of a Flight:–Graph

Data Structure

intcharfloat

Array Tree

9 7 3 0 5 9

7

3

0

5

V/S V/S

Built-InCreated

LinearNon-

Linear

Classification of Data Structures

Primitive Non-Primitive Non-Non-Primitive

Basic Classic Complex

int

char

float

boolean

Lattice

Petri Nets

Neural Nets

Search Graphs

Semantic Nets

Data Structures

Classification of Data Structures

Linear Non-Linear

Array Linked List Stack Queue Trees Graphs Tables Sets

Non-Primitive / Classic Data Structures

Documents

Data Structure Data Structure: –Structure: Way/Method to store something so that, –The stored thing can be accessed quickly and efficiently. Examples: