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Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 1
We will start at 2 minutes after the hour
Slides from today’s webinar can be found on the UDS Mapper website in the Tutorials & Resources tab in the Tutorials section
www.udsmapper.org
Data in the UDS Mapper
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 3
Go to Webinar Attendee Screen
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Keep control panel open by clicking View and unchecking Auto-Hide the Control Panel
Type questions into the question box (do not raise hand)
Data in the UDS Mapper
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 4
Today’s Slides
UDS Mapper webinars are not recordedDownload the slides on the UDS Mapper website
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 5
Today’s Agenda
Types of data in the UDS MapperData sources used for the UDS MapperGeography in the UDS MapperData imputation exampleData considerationsGetting data out of the UDS Mapper Finding user support after the webinar
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 6
Data Requirements
In order to perform geographic analyses requested by the Bureau of Primary Health Care (BPHC), the UDS Mapper pulls data about patients and the population
• Patient data come from the Uniform Data System (UDS)
• Population data come from a variety of sources
For comparability, the UDS Mapper uses one geography whenever possible: ZIP Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA)
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 7
Types of Data in the UDS Mapper
Boundaries• States, counties, ZCTAs, Medically Underserved Areas/
Populations, Health Professional Shortage Areas, etc.Area data
• Counts, rates and percentages by ZCTA• Presented as thematic or threshold maps
Point data (locations)• Health centers, Rural Health Clinics, National Health Service
Corps sites, Facility and Point HPSAs, hospitals, Veterans Health Administration Facilities, Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Public Housing Facilities
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 8
Types of Data Illustrated
Thematic data with points and boundaries Threshold data with points and boundaries
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 9
UDS as a Data Source
Health centers report data on February 15 for the previous calendar year UDS Mapper uses the most recent data available (currently 2016)
• UDS data are updated every summer (usually August)
UDS Mapper primarily uses the patients by insurance type by ZIP Code table
• These are the only data in the UDS that are reported by ZIP Code
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 10
Patients by Insurance Type by ZIP Code Table
Health center A (n=50), B (n=25), and C (n=9) report patients for a ZIP Code
• Data from individual health centers are aggregated to represent the Health Center Program (HCP) as a whole
– Data for that ZIP Code will reflect the sum of the data for all health centers that reported at least 11 patients from the ZIP Code (health center C’s patients would not be counted)
• Health center specific data– Some tools allow you to see data for A separate from B and C, B
separate from A and C and so forth
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 11
Where to Find UDS Data in the UDS Mapper
Explore Service Area tool• ZCTA Information Card• Health Center Administrative Locations Information Card and
Information Card Deck
Main Maps tool• Map layers• ZCTA Information Card (for UDS Data maps)
Data Table
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 12
Aggregate and Individual Health Center Data (1)
Green map in the background: all health centers’ data are aggregated
• Shows us how well the HCP as a whole serves the area
• Different shades of the color mean a different range of percentages of the areas’ selected outcome
The diagonal lines on the map represent where one health center’s patients came from in the reporting year
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 13
Aggregate and Individual Health Center Data (2)
If we open the ZCTA Information Card rather than the legend, we also see a mixture of aggregate and individual health center data Towards the top, we
see how many total patients who live in this ZCTA were seen by all health centers
At the bottom, how many health centers reported patients and then the dominant health centers (up to five) and their share of the patients
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Different ZCTA Information Card in Main Maps
Information Cards in Main Maps will look different than Information Cards in the Explore Service Area tool
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Information Cards for Health Center Administrative Locations
Health Center Administrative Location Information Cards have data from a variety of sources
• Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Data Warehouse
• BPHC Office of Quality Improvement• UDS
EHR information is from the UDS
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 16
Other UDS Data in the UDS Mapper
Because not all data in the UDS report are reported by ZIP Code, they cannot be parceled out to ZCTAs Instead, these data are displayed for the ORGANIZATION that reported them rather than by ZCTA Find these data in the Information Card Deck which provides detailed UDS information on:
• Patient Demographics• Patient Characteristics• Quality• Services• Staffing• Costs
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 17
Information Card Deck in the Explore Service Area Tool
Contains data from UDS report that are not provided at the ZIP Code level
Access it by clicking the card deck button in the Explore Service Area tool
Click on Health Center Admin location on map
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Geography of the UDS Mapper
Health centers report patients by ZIP Code• ZIP Codes were selected for the UDS report to reduce the reporting
burden on health centers• ZIP Codes typically are collected as part of routine patient
registration• Unfortunately, ZIP Codes are an unreliable geography
US Census Bureau creates ZCTAs which approximate ZIP Codes
• Stable geography for 10 year period (we currently use 2010 ZCTAs)• Reliable population data are reported at the ZCTA level for
patient/population comparison
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 19
Census Geography Hierarchy
ZCTAs are made from Census BlocksZCTAs do not nest within traditional Census Geography
• They cross county lines• Occasionally, they
cross state lines
http://www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/reference/geodiagram.pdf
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 20
ZCTAs Explained
Dots are addressesColor of dot represents ZIP CodeBlack lines represent Census BlocksColored area represent ZCTAs
https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/zcta/zcta_delin_anim.html
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 21
Notes about ZCTAs
Not all ZIP Codes have a direct ZCTA match• Particularly true for PO Box-type ZIP Codes
Since ZCTAs are stable over a 10-year period and ZIP Codes can change at any time the team at John Snow, Inc. who prepares the data for the UDS Mapper also create a ZIP Code to ZCTA crosswalk each year This means data from one year in the UDS Mapper are not comparable to data from other years in the UDS Mapper
• Multi-year comparison data are recreated each year to match the new ZIP Code to ZCTA crosswalk
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 22
ZIP Code to ZCTA Crosswalk
Crosswalk one or several ZIP Codes at a time
• If crosswalking many, group them into categories based on digits in common
• Then enter them into the crosswalk with those digits and then a % sign
• By typing “416%” into the search box in the example shown, the search is for all ZIP Codes that start with 416
Download the entire crosswalk and use offline
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 23
American Community Survey Data in the UDS MapperDemographic data come from the American Community Survey (ACS), including
• Population counts (total and low-income populations)• Poverty and low-income (%)• Race and ethnicity (%)• Uninsured population by level of poverty (%)• Age (%)• Insurance status (%)*• Non-employment (%)• Limited English proficiency• Less than High School Education
* Imputed data
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 24
ACS Five-Year Estimates
The ACS is an ongoing survey Designed to provide estimates that describe the average characteristics of an area over a specific time period
• Not an average• Differs from point in time estimates
Five-year estimates represent data collected over time• Improves statistical reliability for less populated areas and small
population subgroups• Available for all geographies down to a block group level
Taken from: https://www.census.gov/data/developers/data-sets/acs-5year.html and https://www.psc.isr.umich.edu/dis/acs/handouts/Compass_Appendix.pdf
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 25
Calculated Data in the UDS Mapper
Penetration rates: what percent of X population receives services at any health center organization?
• X= Total, low-income, uninsured, Medicaid/publicly insured, or Medicare/privately insured
Change in patient usage of health centers overall and by insurance type (1- and 2-year) Change in population overall and by insurance type (1- and 2-year) Unmet need Patient mix Health center characteristics: number of health centers serving a
ZCTA; which health center sees the most patients in each ZCTA; percent of patients seen by each (top five) health center for a ZCTA
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 26
Health-Related Population Data in the UDS Mapper * Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Area
Health Resource File• Low-Birthweight Rate
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Vital Statistics• Age-Adjusted Mortality Rate
CDC Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS)• Ever been told have diabetes• Ever been told have high blood pressure• Obesity• No dental visit in past year• Delayed care due to high cost• No usual source of care
*Imputed Data
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 27
Where to Find Population and Calculated Data in the UDS MapperExplore Service Area tool
• ZCTA Information CardMain Maps (in both the Population and UDS Data sections)
• Map layers• ZCTA Information Card
Population Indicators• Map layers• ZCTA Information Card
Data Table
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 28
Example of Population Data in UDS Mapper
Population data can be found in most tools in the UDS Mapper
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Data Table Data can also be
accessed in table form
• You must have ZCTAs selected
Rows will be the ZCTAs selected plus a summary row
Default columns are in Standard UDS Mapper Report tab
• Add/remove columns if desired
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 30
* Imputed Data
Not all population data come from the data source at the ZCTA level, or for the time-period of interestSmall area estimation techniques are used to impute these data to the ZCTA level Three techniques are used for imputing data for the UDS Mapper and are detailed here:
• https://www.udsmapper.org/data-estimation.cfm
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 31
Oversimplified Explanation of Data Estimation Methodologies Rates are available at county level but
not ZCTA• Rates at county level are also broken out
by race/ethnicity categories From ACS data, we know # of people
by race/ethnicity categories down to the block group level Since block groups aggregate up to
counties, we take advantage of this to conduct the imputation Because some of these datasets may
have very small numbers at a county level, for some data, several years must be combined to achieve adequate counts for the process
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 32
Example 1: No Race/Ethnicity Data Used
County A: rate for Chronic Condition 1 is 13%County A has 69 Block Groups ranging in population size from 617 to 2,980 people
Total Pop People with CC1 Block Group Rate
BG 53 2,152 279.8 13.00%
BG 20 2,708 352.0 13.00%
BG 3 2,683 348.8 13.00%
BG 21 1,226 159.4 13.00%
BG 37 1,650 214.5 13.00%
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 33
Example 2: Using Race/Ethnicity Data
County A: rate for Chronic Condition 1 is 13%• Rate for white people is 10%• Rate for black people is 19%• Rate for Hispanic people is 17%
Total Pop White Pop (%)
White CC1 (#)
Black Pop (%)
Black CC1 (#)
Hispanic Pop (%)
Hispanic CC1 (#)
Block Group Rate
BG 53 2,152 92% 198.0 7% 28.7 1% 3.7 10.71%
BG 20 2,708 76% 205.8 22% 113.2 3% 13.8 12.29%
BG 3 2,683 59% 158.3 9% 45.8 33% 150.5 13.21%
BG 21 1,226 50% 61.3 17% 39.5 34% 70.9 14.01%
BG 37 1,650 25% 41.3 61% 191.3 14% 39.3 16.48%
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 34
Examples 1 and 2, continued
Use rate at block group level to apply to number of people at the block level Block Group 37 rate: Example 1= 13; Example 2= 16.48
Population People with CC1, Example 1
People with CC1, Example 2
Block A 200 26.0 33.0
Block B 295 38.4 48.6
Block C 330 42.9 54.4
Block D 345 44.9 56.9
Block E 480 62.4 79.1
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 35
Imputation Results
Once we have the number of people in each block with the condition or characteristic we are imputing, we can build up to ZCTAs In our examples (1 and 2)
• Sum number of people with Chronic Condition 1 across all the blocks in the ZCTA
• Divide that number by total population in ZCTA to get rate for ZCTA In an undifferentiated model all ZCTAs that fall entirely within the county boundaries will have same rate
• For example 1, all ZCTAs would have a rate of 13%• Only ZCTAs on the edges of counties would have differing rates (if
the counties had differing rates to begin with)
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 36
Where to Find Imputed Data in the UDS Mapper
All imputed data will have the abbreviation “est.” in its nameMain Maps tool
• Map layers• ZCTA Information Card
Population Indicators• Map layers• ZCTA Information Card
Data Table
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 37
Point Data
From HRSA Data Warehouse• HCP Grantee and Look-Alike administrative locations• HCP Grantee and Look-Alike service access points• Rural Health Clinics• National Health Service Corps sites• Facility and Point HPSAs• Hospitals• Veterans Health Administration facilities
Public Housing data come directly from HUD
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 38
Site Information Cards
Information Card for Health Center Service Access Points
Information Cards for Health Related Facilities
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 39
Boundary Data
From HRSA Data Warehouse• Medically Underserved Areas/Populations• Health Professional Shortage Areas
– Primary Care– Dental Care– Mental Health Care
• Primary Care Service Areas
From ESRI (the base software the UDS Mapper is built on) or the US Census Bureau
• Boundaries: state, county, ZCTA, Congressional Districts, etc.• Highways• Basemaps: topographic, satellite, street map, etc.
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 40
Data Considerations
Patient data are only from health centers• Areas that look unserved may be well served by other providers
UDS limitations• ZCTA only• Data suppression (ZIP Codes reported by a health center with 10 or fewer patients are
not included in the UDS Mapper)• Low-income calculations are based on 100% of patients• Calendar year only• Organization-level only
Population data limitations: not all data are available at one year and/or ZCTA levels
Point and boundary data limitations• Data from a variety of sources within and external to HRSA, updated at various
intervals for different reasons• May not accurately portray what is going on in a community (local knowledge should
supplement what you see)
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 41
Data about Data (1)
Information pop-ups• Available in Main Maps, Population Indicators
Click the round i button to the far right
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 42
Data about Data (2)
Data Definitions in the Knowledge Base
• Found in Tutorials and Resources
Search for a term or browse a category
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 43
Data about Data (3)
Data Update Schedule• General descriptions of
data• Data provider• Year of data• When it will next be
updated in the UDS Mapper
Found in the Tutorials and Resources section
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 44
Other Data in the UDS Mapper
Data update schedule• https://www.udsmapper.org/data-
update.cfm State benchmarks for Population
Indicators (left)• https://www.udsmapper.org/benchmarks.cf
m Knowledge Base
• FAQs, Glossary, Data Definitions • https://www.udsmapper.org/knowledge-
base.cfm Info buttons
• Main Maps, Population Indicators
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 45
Getting Data Out of the UDS Mapper
Export the Data Table• Will include only data for the ZCTAs and data points you have
selected
Print• Print can include map, legend, Data Table (if ZCTAs are
selected), and Information Card for the most recently selected object (ZCTA or site)
Generate Report• Print a map and a list of sites within a selected area
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 46
Make selections for what to include in the printout on the far left Depending on
the layout, some items may be pushed to subsequent pages
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 47
Generate Report
Another way to get a map and data from the UDS Mapper Found in the Explore Health Related Facilities toolWill include facilities that are currently turned on that are in any ZCTAs currently selected
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 48
Tutorials and Resources
www.udsmapper.org
Data In the UDS Mapper Webinar 49
Thank You!
If you have additional questions or feedback after the conclusion of this webinar, please use the Contact Us form provided on the UDS Mapper Site:
https://www.udsmapper.org/contact-us.cfm
www.udsmapper.org
