Data Analysis Concept

7/26/2019 Data Analysis Concept

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Module 1: Data analysis keyconcepts


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Module 1: Learning Objectives

Understand the definition and purpose of data

analysis

Define statistical and M&E key concepts in data

analysis


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Data Analysis

Turning raw datainto useful information

Purpose is to provide answers to questions beingasked at a program site or research questions

Even the greatest amount and best quality datamean nothing if not properly analyed!or if not

analyed at all


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Answering programmatic questions

Question: s my program meeting its ob'ectives(

Analysis# *ompare program targets and actual

program performance to learn how far you are from

target+

nterpretation# ,hy you have or have not achieved

the target and what this means for your program+

May require more information+


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Descriptive analysis

Describes the sample-target population.demographic & clinic characteristics/

Does not define causality 0 tells you what1 not

why E2ample 0 average number of clients seen

per month


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!asic terminology and concepts

3tatistical terms

4atio

Proportion

Percentage

4ate

Mean

Median


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"atio

*omparison of two numbers e2pressed as# a to b1 a per b1 a#b

Used to e2press such comparisons as clinicians to

patients or beds to clients

*alculation a-b

E2ample 0 n district 51 there are 677 nurses and 877

clinics+ ,hat is the ratio of nurses to clinics( 677

877

9 : nurses per clinic1 a ratio of :#;


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$roportion

" ratio in which all individuals in the numerator arealso in the denominator+

Used to compare part of the whole1 such as proportion

of all clients who are less than ;? years old+ E2ample# f 87 of ;77 clients on treatment are less

than ;? years of age1 what is the proportion of young

clients in the clinic(

87-;77 9 ;-?


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$ercentage

" way to e2press a proportion .proportion

multiplied by ;77/

E2presses a number in relation to the whole

E2ample# Males comprise 8-? of the clients1 or

=7B of the clients are male .7+=7 2 ;77/

"llows us to e2press a quantity relative to another

quantity+ *an compare different groups1 facilities1countries that may have different denominators


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"ate

Measured with respect to another measuredquantity during the same time period

Used to e2press the frequency of specific events

in a certain time period .fertility rate1 mortality

rate/

Cumerator and denominator must be from same

time period

ften e2pressed as a ratio .per ;1777/

Source:U+3+ *ensus ureau1 nternational Database+


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n%ant Mortality "ate

F *alculation

F G of deaths H population at risk in same time

period 2 ;1777

F E2ample 0 I? infants .less than one year/ diedout of =1777 infants born that year

F I?-=1777 9 +7;@I 2 ;1777 9 ;@+I

19 infants died per 1,000 live births


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#alculating mortality rate

n 877J1 Mondello clinic had :;1;?? patients on

"4T+ During that same time period1 ;1?:6 "4T

clients died+

;1?:6

:;1;??

949 clients died

(mortality rate) per

1,000 clients onA!

+7=J 2 ;1777 9 =J


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"ate o% increase

*alculation

Total number of increase H time of increase

Used to calculate monthly1 quarterly1 yearly

increases in health service delivery+ E2ample#increase in G of new clients1 commodities distributed

E2ample# *ondom distribution in Kan+ 9 877L as of

Kune 9 ;1;77+ ,hat is the rate of increase(

;1;77 > 877 9 J77-6 9 ;?7 .;?7 condoms per mo/


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#entral tendency

Measures of the location of the middle or the center

of a distribution of data

Mean

Median


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#alculating t&e mean

"verage number of clients counseled per month

0 Kanuary# :7

0 Nebruary# =?0 March# :@

0"pril# =;

0 May# :I

0 Kune# =7

.:7A=?A:@A=;A:IA=7/ 9 8:;H6 9 :@+?

Mean or average 9 :@+?


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Median

The middle of a distribution .when numbers are inorder# half of the numbers are above the median andhalf are below the median/

The median is not as sensitive to e2treme values as

the mean

dd number of numbers1 median 9 the middle number

Median of 81 =1 I 9 =

Even number of numbers1 median 9 mean of the two

middle numbers

Median of 81 =1 I1 ;8 9 .=AI/ -8 9 ?+?


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#alculating t&e median

*lient ; 0 8

*lient 8 0 ;:=

*lient : 0 6I

*lient = 0 ;7

*lient ? 0 88;

9 6I 9 6IA;:= 9 87;-8 9 ;77+?


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Documents

Data Analysis Concept