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Darwin

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Evolution

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Population Evolution

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Selection

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Speciation

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Patterns of Evolution

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What did Darwin call Natural Selection

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Survival of the Fittest

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The process where the breeder selects the best trait is called?

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Artificial Selection

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What is the name of the book that Darwin wrote?

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The Origin of Species

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Hutton & Lylle both said what about the formation of the earth?

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The earth is millions of years old/the earth was formed by geologic forces

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The 2 guys that came up with a mathematical equation that can predict allele frequencies?

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Hardy & Weinberg

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All of the genes in a population is called?

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Gene Pool

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Name 2 sources of genetic variation.

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Mutations Crossover (Gene Shuffling)

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Any organ that is reduced in function that may have been used by an ancestor?

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Vestigial Organ

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Body structures that are similar in structure and function?

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Homologous Structures

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Body structures that are similar in function but different in structure are called?

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Analogous Structures

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A trait controlled by more than one gene is called?

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Polygenic Trait

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A random change in allele frequencies over the generations is called?

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Genetic Drift

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When allele frequencies remain constant it is called?

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Genetic Equalibrium

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What occurs when allele frequencies in a group of migrating individuals are by chance not the same as that of the original population?

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Founder Effect

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What effect can happen when a populations numbers undergoes a drastic decrease?

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Bottleneck Effect

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Where individuals with favorable traits survive & pass on those traits to their offspring?

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Natural Selection

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When natural selection favors one extreme phenotype or the other.

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Directional selection

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When natural selection doesnt favor either extreme phenotype.

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Stabilizing selection

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When natural selection favors both extreme phenotypes.

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Disruptive selection

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What are the 5 conditions to maintain genetic equilibrium

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1.Must be random mating 2.Must have a large pop. Size 3.No movement of genes 4.No mutations 5.No Natural selection

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The evolution of a new species

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Speciation

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When 2 populations become separated by a geographic barrier (river, mtn. etc)

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Geographic Isolation

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When a species doesnt recognize another species as a mate because it didnt do the correct mating dance or call or make the correct display

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Behavioral Isolation

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When 2 species mate at different times

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Temporal Isolation

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When members of a population can no longer interbreed with the rest of the population is called?

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Reproductive Isolation

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Large scale evolution that takes place over a long period of time

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Macroevolution

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What percentage of species that lived on earth have become extinct?

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99%

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Where two or more species originate from one species called a common ancestor.

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Divergent Evolution

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Where 2 different species evolve in response to one another.

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Coevolution

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What is it called when 2 different species inhabit similar environments and evolve similar traits.

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Convergent Evolution