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Dairy Farming Dairy Farming inin the the NetherlandsNetherlands
IntroductionDairy farming
•an animal husbandry enterprise
to raise female cattle for long-term
production of milk
being processed on-site
OR being transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale
Map of the Netherlands
Introduction
The Netherlands•a small coastal area
• situated in the Northern Hemisphere
• stretches from51oNto 54oN
• the coastline is about 1075km
• around 24%of the area is below the sea level
The Netherlands• since the 13th century, the total increase of reclaimed land is 600,000 hectare.
• maritime climate with annual mean precipitation around 765mm
• the coastal area is 16oC on average
• mild winter with average 3oC
• the inland’s climate about 17oC in summer and 2oC in winter
The impact of ecological changes on dairy farming
• Over-grazing
lowers the infiltration capacity of soil
and reduces the soil moisture.
soil erosion and pasture deterioration
strip-grazing
The impact of ecological changes on dairy farming
• Over-cultivation
contaminate the water and the fodder crops exploit the soil nutrients soil erosion and threaten the growth of cattle.harvest the surplus grass. graze beef cattle
The impact of ecological changes on dairy farming
•Cross breeding
scientific breeding
infection of diseases
simplification of species
upset the balance of ecosystem
The impact of economic consideration on dairy farming
•Export-orientedmechanization is practiced for large surplusfew labor works, replaced by machine (capital-intensive)
AIM: earn PROFITS!!!!!
The impact of economic consideration on dairy farming
AIM: earn PROFITS!!!!!
•Refrigeration
•Highly accessible transportation need not close to market
•Advanced technology availableInjection of artificial hormoneartificial inseminateinjection of antibiotics
• Calves fed by cow’s blood
• Small cows’ stabling with thousands of hundreds of cows living in
The impact of economic consideration on dairy farming
AIM: earn PROFITS!!!!!
Discuss to what extent human modification is a mere short term gain for long term misery.•Landscape and habitats
countryside being shaped
for dairy farming
loss of large open space
•Biodiversity
replaced by the simpler patterns
dominance of competitive plants reduce species diversity.
loss of both complexity and stability
Discuss to what extent human modification is a mere short term gain for long term misery.
•Cow
mad-cow disease
malnutrition and disease
•Soilreduced fertilitynutrient leakagesoil erosionloss of soil structureland becomes unproductive
Discuss to what extent human modification is a mere short term gain for long term misery.
•Waterleakage of chemicals water pollutionreduction in the permeability of soileutrophication and algal blooms
•Airde-nitrification, methane
Discuss to what extent human modification is a mere short term gain for long term misery.
•Greenhouse gasesburning of biomass for livestock production(CO2)global warming
•Humanantibiotic residues are found in milkcancer
ConclusionConclusion
We human beings lack foresight and neglect lots of permanent problems caused in various aspects, environment in particular. We should not appropriate the resources from nature and inflict severe penalties on her by causing tremendous and irrecoverable harm to our nature. Since we live on the earth, we ought to shoulder the responsibilities to conserve it.
Or else eventually we suffer the consequences of our own doing as the idiom goes," As one makes one's bed so one must lie on it.”