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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. i
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ............................................... ii
HALAMAN PENYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ........................... iii
TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS ............................. iii
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... v
RIWAYAT HIDUP ........................................................................................... vi
KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... i
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... 1
1.1. Latar Belakang....................................................................................... 1
1.2. Perumusan Masalah ............................................................................... 2
1.3. Batasan Masalah .................................................................................... 2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................... 3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................. 3
1.6. Perangkat Lunak .................................................................................... 3
1.7. Sistematika Penyusunan ......................................................................... 4
BAB II TEORI DASAR ..................................................................................... 5
2.1. Hiposenter ............................................................................................. 5
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2.2. Metode Grafis ........................................................................................ 5
2.2.1. Metode Wadati ............................................................................... 5
2.2.2. Metode Lingkaran........................................................................... 7
2.3. Penentuan Hiposenter dengan Pendekatan Linier ................................... 8
2.3.1. Metode Geiger ................................................................................ 8
2.4. Penentuan Hiposenter dengan Pendekatan Non-Linier ......................... 10
2.4.1. Grid Search .................................................................................. 10
2.4.2. Metropolis .................................................................................... 11
2.4.3. Oct-Tree ....................................................................................... 12
BAB III GEOLOGI DAN TEKTONIK .......................................................... 16
3.1. Geologi Pulau Maluku ......................................................................... 16
3.2. Fisiografi ............................................................................................. 16
3.2.1. Mandala Halmahera Timur ........................................................... 16
3.2.2. Mandala Halmahera Barat............................................................. 16
3.2.3. Mandala Busur Kepulauan Gunungapi Kuarter ............................. 17
3.3. Tektonik .............................................................................................. 17
BAB IV DATA DAN METODOLOGI ........................................................... 20
4.1. Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................... 20
4.2. Picking Data Seismogram .................................................................... 20
4.3. Penentuan Parameter Sumber Gempa Bumi ......................................... 21
4.4. Diagram Alir........................................................................................ 24
BAB V HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ............................................................ 26
5.1. Hasil .................................................................................................... 26
5.2. Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 31
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BAB VI SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 33
6.1. Simpulan ............................................................................................. 33
6.2. Saran ................................................................................................... 33
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................... 35
LAMPIRAN ..................................................................................................... 37
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 5.1 Parameter sumber gempa bumi……………………………………….27
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Lokasi daerah penelitian………………………………………...….2
Gambar 2.1 Gambaran titik Hiposenter (F) dengan kedalaman (h), jarak episenter
(∆) dan jarak Hiposenter (D). S adalah stasiun pengamatan dan E
adalah titik Episenter ....…………………….……...………….……5
Gambar 2.2 Contoh diagram Wadati ..……………………………..……...……..6
Gambar 2.3 Metode lingkaran penentuan hiposenter……………………..…..….7
Gambar 2.4 Visualisasi metode Geiger………………………..…………..…..…9
Gambar 2.5 Gambaran metode Oct-tree ……….…...…..……………...…...…..14
Gambar 2.6 Ilustrasi dari travel time grid model dan data pengamatan dimana
event direkam menggunakan stasiun seismometer (Tobs) ke lokasi
sumber gempa (hiposenter) pada oct-tree……………….….….…..15
Gambar 3.1 Fisiografi Regional Pulau Halmahera…………………...……...…..17
Gambar 3.2 Tektonik Regional Indonesia Timur…………………………….….18
Gambar 3.3 Visualisai Cross Section Laut Maluku………………………….….19
Gambar4.1 Contoh picking waktu tiba gelombang P dan S pada aplikasi
Seisgram2k70……………………………………………………....20
Gambar 4.2 Contoh diagram Wadati dari salah satu sampel event gempa……....21
Gambar 4.3 Model kecepatan gelombang P (Jannah, dkk., 2013) dan kecepatan
gelombang S yang digunakan………………………………............22
Gambar 4.4 Diagram alir untuk tiga langkah pada Nonlinloc7.00 (Lomax, dkk,.
2000) dengan tiga langkah (Vel2Grid, Grid2Time,
Nlloc)………………………………………………………............24
Gambar 4.5 Diagram alir dari anilis hiposenter dengan inversi nonlinier Oct-tree
dengan sampel gempa lokal menggunakan Nonlinloc7.00 (Lomax
dkk., 2000) ……………………...……………………………….....25
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Gambar 5.1 Peta seismisitas daerah penelitian……………………………….....27
Gambar 5.2 Histogram error RMS……………………………………………...27
Gambar 5.3 Visualisai berdasarkan kedalaman pada titik A ke A’………...…...28