DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGYdiet.edu.in/QuestionBanks/III-BTECH-II-SEM/CIVIL.pdf · L of 7kN/m excluding weight of the beam, over a clear span of 8m. Design a plated

DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada)

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Phone: 08924-221111 / 221122/9963981111, www.diet.edu.in, E-mail: [email protected]

NAME OF THE SUBJECT : DESIGN AND DRAWING OF STEEL STRUCTURES REGULATION : R16 COURSE : B.TECH BRANCH : CIVIL YEAR / SEMESTER : III YEAR – II SEM FACULTY : K.SANTHOSH PURPOSE : QUESTION BANK

UNIT-I- CONNECTIONS

1. a) Explain the various types of fillet welds with neat sketches.

b) An ISA 65x65x10 carries a tensile load of 200 kN, applied along its centroidal axis. This angle is to be

welded to a gusset plate. Find out the lengths of side fillet welds required at the heel and toe of the

angle. 2. Two plates 10 mm and 18 mm thick are to be joined by double cover butt joint. Design the joint for the

following data. Factored design load= 650 kN, Bolt diameter = 20 mm, Grade of bolt= 4.6, 2 cover plates (one on each side) = 8 mm thick, Grade of steel = Fe 410

3. a). Classify welds according to the following i) According to position ii) According to type

iii) According to type of joint. Explain with neat diagrams.

b). Why fillet welds is preferred compared to butt welds? 4. Two ISF sections 200 mm x 10 mm each and 1.5 m long are to be joined to make a member of length 3

m. Design the butt weld with the bolts arranged in the diagonal pattern. The flats have to carry a factored

tensile load of 350 kN. Steel is of grade Fe 410. 20 mm diameter bolts of grade 4.6 are used to make the connections. Also, determine the net tensile strength of the main plate and cover plates.

5. a) Write about the methods for inspecting welds.

b) Determine the depth of the fillet weld required to join a plate bracket with flange of a stanchion as

shown in figure (Load = 50 kN)

6. a) What are the advantages of welded connections? Explain the following for fillet weld considering I.S

specification;

i) size of weld, ii) Throat thickness and iii) Length of weld

b) With neat sketches explain different types of welds. 7. A plate bracket carrying a load of 100 kN at an eccentricity of 120mm is connected to the face of the steel

stanchion by fillet welds on both sides of the plate, as shown in figure. Determine the size of the fillet weld

mailto:[email protected]

‘a’ if 8mm fillet weld is used to determine the depth of the bracket ‘b’. If 8mm fillet weld is used with a

bracket of 250mm depth, calculate the resulting stress in the weld.

UNIT-II - BEAMS

1. Calculate the moment carrying capacity of a built-up beam of section ISMB 450 plus flange plates and with an effective span of 8000 mm. The ends are framed to the columns and the grade of steel fy = 250 MPa. Two flange plates each of size 250 x12 mm are provided on the compression side and one plate is curtailed at 1600 mm from both edges.

2. A simply supported beam is to support a U.D.L of 7kN/m excluding weight of the beam, over a clear span of 8m.

Design a plated rolled steel beam if ISMB 500 at 0.869 kN/m and 10mm thick plates are only available. The

compression flange of the beam is laterally restrained. Draw to scale the cross-section and longitudinal section of

beam.

3. Explain the difference in performance of laterally unrestrained beams and restrained beams with neat diagrams.

Explain design procedure

4. A beam of clear span 15meters has a bearing of 300mm at each end. It has to carry a superimposed load of

100kN/m Design the section as a plated beam assuming that only 12mm mild steel plates are available. The top

flange of the plated beam may be assumed to be laterally restrained at 3m c/c. also calculate the theoretical and

actual points of cut off for the plates used.

5. Design a beam of effective span 5m and carrying a uniformly distributed load of 25 kN / m for the whole length.

Compression flange of the beam is laterally restrained against buckling throughout the length.

6. Design a suitable section for a beam of effective span 6m and carrying a superimposed load of 30 kN/m including

its self weight. Assume that the compression flange is fully restrained against lateral buckling. Apply necessary

checks.

7. Design a suitable section for a beam of effective span 6m and carrying a

superimposed load of 30kN/m including its self weight. Assume that the compression flange is fully restrained against lateral buckling. Apply necessary checks.

8. Design a simply supported beam of span 4 m carrying a reinforced concrete floor capable of

providing lateral restraint to the top compression flange. The uniformly distributed load is

made up of 20kN/m imposed load and 20 kN/m dead load (section is stiff against bearing). Assume Fe 410 grade steel.

UNIT-III – TENSION MEMBERS, COMPRESSION MEMBERS & ROOF TRUSSES.

1. Determine the tensile strength of a roof truss member consisting of 2 ISA 90 × 60 × 6 mm

connected on either side by long legs to a gusset plate 8 mm thick by 4mm welds over an

effective weld length of 200 mm.

2. Determine the tensile strength of roof truss diagonal of 150×75×10mm connected by its long

lag to a gusset plate 8mm thick by 6mm welds. Adopt fy = 250 MPa.

3. Design I section purlin with and without sag bars for a trussed roof from the

following data;

Span of roof = 10 m;

Spacing of purlins along slope of truss = 2.5 m;

Spacing of Truss = 4 m;

Slope of roof truss = 1 vertical, 2 horizontal

Wind load on roof surface normal to roof = 1100 N/m2

Vertical load from roof sheets, etc = 150 N/m2.

4. Determine the design loads on the purlins of an industrial building near visakhapatnam, given :Class of building:

General with life of 50 years, Terrain category 2. Maximum dimension=40m, width of building=15m, Height at

eve’s level=10m, Topography= less than 30,permeability= medium, span of truss = 16 m, pitch=1 in 5,

sheeting = A.C. sheets, spacing of purlins= 1.35m, spacing of truss=4m.

5. Design a tension member 3.4m between c/c of intersections and carrying a pull of

145kN, the member is subjected to reversal of stresses.

6. Explain various components of roof trusses with neat sketches in brief.

7. Design the principal tie member to carry a tensile force of 40 kN. The panel length is 3m. Design the connection.

Apply the slenderness check.

UNIT- IV – DESIGN OF COLUMNS 1. A column section ISHB@577N/m is carrying a factored axial load of 600kN, a

factored moment of 30kN and a factored shear force of 60kN. Design a suitable

column splice. Assume ends are milled.

2. A column section ISHB 450@ 872kN/m is to be spliced with a column

ISHB 300 @ 588N/m. The load on the column is 600kN. Design a suitable splice.

3. A steel column is to take a central load of 1600kN is to be built of four equal angles forming a 50cm50cm

square. The height of the column is to be 6m with hinged ends. Design a suitable column section and a lacing

system. Draw to scale the plan and elevation.

4. Design a built up column consisting of two channels placed toe to toe. The column carries an axial factored load

of 16kN. The effective height of column is 10m. Design the lacing also.Draw to a scale the cross section and

sectional elevation of the column with lacing details.

5. Design a suitable section for a column to carry an axial load of 350kN. The column is 4m long and is fixed in

position as well as direction at one end and fixed in position at the other end.

6. A column in an industrial building has to carry a total load axial load of 1500kN. Its

length is 5.25m.and is effectively restrained in position as well as direction at both the ends. Design a double I

section for the column. Design a single lacing system for the column.

7. Design a built up column composed of two channel sections placed back to back, carrying on axial load of 1500

kN. The effective length of the column is 7 m. Also design a single Lacing system.

8. A steel column is to take a central load of 1600kN is to be built of four equal angles forming a 50cm×50cm

square. The height of the column is to be 6m with hinged ends. Design a suitable column section and a lacing

system. Draw to scale the plan and elevation.

UNIT- V – DESIGN OF COLUMN FOUNDATIONS

1. Design a gusseted base for a column section ISHB 350@724N/m subjected to an

axial load of 3500kN. The base rests on a M15 concrete pedestal. The safe bearing

pressure of concrete may be assumed to be 4N/mm2. Draw to scale the plan and

elevation.

2. Design the base plate for a column ISHB 350@724 N/m carrying a load of 600 kN and a bending moment of

1000 kN-m. It is to be supported on a concrete pedestal having the permissible bearing pressure of 4.2 MPa. Also

design the concrete base, if the bearing capacity of soil is 300 kN/m2. Draw to scale the cross-section of the

column and sectional elevation of the base plate of

the column.

3. A column of 6 m effective length is carrying an axial load of 400 kN and a bending

moment of 50 kN-m. The bearing pressure from the concrete pedestal may be taken as 4000 N/m2. Design a

suitable base plate.

4. Design a slab base for a column consisting of ISHB 300 @58.8kg/m and carrying

an axial load of 1000kN. Take allowable bearing pressure on concrete as 4N/mm2.

5. Design a slab base for a built-up column consisting of 2 −MC 250 placed back to back

separated by a distance of160mm. The factored axial load on the column is1200kN .

6. A column is made of one ISHB 300 @ 58.8 kg/m and one plate 400mm ×12mm

symmetrically placed on each flange. The column thus measures 324mm × 400mm overall dimensions. The

column carries an axial load of 1800kN. The column is to be provided with a gusseted base resting on concrete

base. Design the gusseted base giving full details of the connections. Take safe compressive stress on concrete as

30MPa.

7. What is a slab base? Explain various features of a column base with neat sketches.

Describe procedure for designing a slab base.

8. Design a gusseted base to carry an axial factored load of 3000kN. The column is ISHB

450@ 855N/m with two 250mm×20mm cover plates on either side. The effective height

of column is 5m. The column is to rest on M20 concrete pedestal.

UNIT-VI – DESIGN OF PLATE GIRDER & GANTARY GIRDER

1. Design a Gantry girder to be used in an industrial building to carrying an electric overhead travelling crane, for the

following data. Crane capacity is 200 kN. Weight of crane excluding crab is 180 kN. Self-weight of crab is 40 kN.

Span of crane between rails is 16 m. Minimum approach of the crane hook is 1.2 m. Wheel base is 3.5 m. Span of

gantry girder is 8 m. Weight of rail section is 300 N/m. Height of rail section is 90 mm. Check the suggested

section for bending stresses. Draw to a scale the cross-section showing all details.

2. Design a Gantry girder for an industrial building to carry a hand operated travelling crane with the following data.

Crane capacity is 300 kN. Weight of crane excluding crab is 250 kN. Weight of crab is 6 kN. Span of crane

between rails is 18 m. Minimum hook approach is 1.0 m. Wheel base is 3 m. Span of gantry girder is 9 m. Weight

of rail section is 300 N/m. Height of rail section is 75 mm. Check the suggested section for bending stresses. Draw

to a scale the cross-section showing all details.

3. A simply supported bridge deck beam with a clear span of 18 m, subjected to a service shear force of 450 kN and a

B.M of 3000 kN-m. Use 10 mm thick plates for web with fy=250 MPa. Design the Plate Girder beam for the

following: a) Design plate girder cross-section, b) Check for bending moment, and c) Design of end bearing

stiffener (Available Thickness of flats :10 mm and 12 mm). Draw the cross-section, the longitudinal section

including bearing stiffener details to a suitable scale.

4. Design a simply supported gantry girder to carry an electric overhead travelling

crane for the following data:

Crane capacity=320kN

Weight of crane and crab=300kN

Weight of crane=200kN

Minimum approach of crane hook=1.20m

Distance between c/c of wheels=3.20m

Distance between c/c of gantries=16.0m

Span of gantry girder=4.00m

Weight of rails=300N/m

Height of rails=75mm

Yield stress of steel=280MPa

Draw to scale i) the cross-section, ii) the longitudinal section.

5. Design as.s gantry girder to carry one electric over head travelling crane. [28M]

Span of gantry girder=6.5m

Crane capacity=250kN

Span of crane girder=16m

Self weight of crane girder excluding trolley =200kN

Draw to scale i) the cross-section, ii) the longitudinal section.

6. Design the web and flanges of a plate girder for an effective span of 18m if the dead

and live loads amount to 35 kN and 50kN respectively. Check the suggested section for web stiffness. Draw to

Scale the Cross section and longitudinal section.

7. Design the central section of a plate girder for an effective span of 15m if the dead and live loads amount to 25 kN

and 50kN respectively. Draw to Scale the Cross section and Longitudinal section.






Department of Civil Engineering

Subject: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-I

Class: IIIB.Tech Civil - II Sem(2017-2018) FACULTY NAME:B.SESHAGIRI RAO

UNIT: 1

a) Define Design period and List water born diseases.

b) List four factors affecting per capita water demand.

c) What are the components of a water supply system?

d) What is the objective of water supply system?

e) Define the term potable water and whole some water.

f) Define “per capita demand‟.

g) What do you understand by the term per capita demand? In a town or city for what purpose generally

water required.

h) The population figures of a town during the four decades i.e. 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990

are 25,000, 30,500, 35,500 and42, 000 respectively. Predict its population in the year 2000 and

Compare the results through Arithmetical progression. Geometrical progression, Incremental

increase method and Decreasing Rate method.

f) Explain the different methods of population forecasting.

g) List out and explain the factors affecting the rate of demand of water in a city or town.

h) Explain in detail any two methods used for the prediction or forecasting of population of a city.

i) What is fire water demand? How the fire water demand of a city is estimated?

j) The population of a city obtained from census records is as follows.

Year 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991

Population 20000 22000 25000 27500 34100 41500 47050 54500 61000

Estimate the population of the city in the year 2011 and 2021 by Geometrical increase method of

population forecasting.

UNIT-2

A) Which valve allows flow only in one direction?

B) Define mass curve.

C) What is an intake structures in water supply systems? With a neat sketch describe the intake structure of a

river used to tap the water from river.

D) Enumerate the types of pumps which may be employed in water supply schemes. Briefly discuss their

advantages and disadvantages.

E) What are the sources of water that can be considered for water supply to a town? Explain the factors that are

to be considered in selecting a source of water in a water supply system.

F) Classify the sources of water available for water supply. Explain the factors that influence the suitability of a

water source for the water supply with respect to its quality and quantity.


G) What is an intake structures in water supply systems? With a neat sketch describe the intake structure of a

reservoir constructed used to tap the water.

H) Classify the pumps which may be employed in water supply schemes. What are the factors affecting the

selection of a pump used in water supply systems? Explain in brief.

I) Design a circular pipe to convey the water from the water source to the water treatment plant intended to

supply water to a city of 2 lakh population. The average per capita demand of the city is 150 liters/day.

The Hazen-Williams’ coefficient for the new cast iron pipe may be taken as 130.

J) Determine the hydraulic gradient to be maintained in laying a 90cm diameter cast iron pipe carrying a

discharge of 0.75 m3/sec using (i) Darcy-Weisbach’s formula and (ii) Hazen-William formula. The Darcy-

Weisbach’s friction coefficient is 0.015 and the Hazen-William’s coefficient is 130.

UNIT-3

A) What is the hydrogen ion concentration if the pH of water is 9?

B) As per the drinking water standards in India, What are the permissible limits of Iron (as Fe) concentration

and Hardness allowed to be present in water for drinking.

C) As per the drinking water standards in India, What are the desirable and permissible limits of fluoride

concentration allowed to be present in water for drinking?

D) What is the optimum dose of a Coagulant? How the optimum coagulant dose is determined by conducting

the Jar test in the laboratory.

E) What is temporary hardness and permanent hardness? Describe the defluoridation methods for the removal

of fluorides from water.

F) Name the physical characteristics of water with reference to its quality.

G) Explain characteristics of water.

UNIT-4

A) Name any one natural coagulant and two chemical coagulants used in water treatment.

B) What is flocculation and Coagulation?

C) Write the stoke’s equation for terminal velocity of a spherical particle in sedimentation.

D) List the operational troubles encountered in rapid sand filter’s operation and maintenance.

E) What is Coagulation? Derive stokes equation for estimating the settling velocity of a spherical discrete

particle in sedimentation.

F) Design a rapid sand filter for the treatment of water required for a population of 60,000 in a town. The rate

of water supply is 180 liters per person per day. The filters are rated to work at 3000 liters per hour per m2.

Assume any other data if necessary suitably. (Need not design the under water drainage system)

G) What is filtration? Explain the theory of filtration in the purification of water.

H) Design a rapid sand filter for the treatment of water required for a population of 75,000 in a town. The rate

of water supply is 150 liters per person per day. The rate of filtration is 210 liters/hour/m2. (Need not

design the under water drainage system)

I) Design a circular sedimentation tank for water works which supplies 1.4 x 106 liters/day to a town. The

sedimentation (detention) period is 5 hours, the velocity of flow is 12 cm/minute, and depth of water in the

tank is 4.0 m. Assume an allowance for sludge to be made is 80 cm.

UNIT-5

A) Define residual chlorine and available chlorine.

B) Define pre chlorination and super chlorination

C) Name the methods of defluoridation generally used in water treatment

D) What is the purpose of air valve and drain valve?

E) Define mass curve. How is it useful in a water supply project?

F) What is temporary hardness and permanent hardness? Describe the method of water softening by Zeolite

Process (Base exchange process).

G) Design a rectangular sedimentation tank for the treatment of water that is to be supplied to a city with a

population of 25000. The average daily per capita water demand is 150 liters. Assume that the detention

period is 5 hours.

H) What is filtration in water treatment ? Compare the slow and rapid sand filters

I) Define disinfection. List different methods of disinfection of water and explain the disinfection using

chlorine

J) List different methods of disinfection of water. Explain the disinfection with Ozone and chloramines

K) Explain Water Softening methods.

L) Name the methods of water softening used in water treatment

UNIT-6

A) What are the requirements of a good water distribution system in a water supply project?

B) Describe in brief the types of distribution systems.

C) State the systems of plumbing. Explain each of the system along with its drawing.

D) What are the methods of pipe network analysis? Write short notes on Hardy – Cross method of analysis.

E) List out various appurtenances in water distribution systems. Explain the sluice valve and air relief valve

along with neat sketches.

F) What are the types of distribution systems? Describe various layouts of water distribution network

G) State the systems of plumbing. Explain each of the system along with its drawing.

H) What are the types of distribution reservoirs? How the capacity of the balancing tank is estimated?

I) List out various appurtenances in water distribution systems. i) Explain the principles governing the design

of building drainage.






UNIT-01: SOIL EXPLORATION

1 a) Describe with the help of a neat sketch the wash boring method of subsoil

Exploration. In what type of soils this method is recommended? What are

The limitations of this method?

b) What are the objectives of the exploration program?

2. a) Explain what is meant by disturbed and undisturbed samples. How the degree

Of disturbance is measured?

b) Write down the design considerations of open drive sampler

3. a) Describe open excavation methods of exploration. What are their advantages?

And Disadvantages?

b) Explain and discuss the various factors that help to decide the number and

Depth of bore holes required for subsoil exploration.

4. a) Discuss the importance of soil exploration in foundation in foundation

Engineering with examples.

b) Write briefly about the Standard penetration test conducted in the field. What

are the corrections to be made to the standard penetration value?

5. a) What is the need for soil exploration and explain in brief?

b) What do you understand about the auger boring and explain how to collect soil

Samples using auger boring with the help of neat sketch?

6. a) Write the Philosophy involved in the wash boring and explain how to collect

Soil samples using wash boring with the help of neat sketch?

b) Write the principle involved in the Plate load test and explain the procedure for

Conducting plate load test with the help of neat sketch and a graph?

7. a) Write the importance of Pressure meters in Geotechnical Engineering and

Explain how to take readings using Pressure meters?

b) Write the procedure used for preparation of soil investigation report

UNIT-02: EARTH AND EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES

1. Analyze the slope of infinite extent having a slope angle of 250. The slope

of made of soil with C = 30 kN/m2, φ = 200, e = 0.65 and G = 2.70 and

under the following conditions: (i) when the soil is dry, (ii) when water

seeps parallel to the surface of the slope, and (iii) when the slope is

submerged.

2. a) Explain the Taylor’s stability Number?

b) What do you understand about the stability of slopes of dams and

embankments and explain?

3. Derive the suitable formula for Stability analysis by Bishop’s simplified

method and explain the contents with the help of neat sketch?

4. Derive the suitable formula for Stability analysis by Swedish arc method and

Explain the contents with the help of neat sketch?

5. a) Explain the infinite and finite earth slopes in sand and clay?


b) What do you understand about the factor of safety of infinite slopes and

Explain?

6. a) Derive an equation for factor of safety of an infinite slope in cohesion-less

soil.

b) Find the factor of safety of a slope of infinite extent having a slope angle =

25° The slope is made of cohesive soil. The soil made of clay having c' - 30 kN/m2, φ' =

20°, e = 0.65 and Gs = 2.7 and under the following conditions: i) when the soil is dry, ii)

when water seeps parallel to thesurface of the slope, and iii) when the slope is submerged.



explain?

UNIT-03:SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS- BEARING CAPACITY

1. A vertical wall 6 m high retains soil level with the top of the wall. If the soil

is a saturated clay with cu = 20 kN/m2, φu = 0, sat = 19.3 kN/m3, use

Rankine's method to calculate the magnitude and line of action of the active

earth force on the wall,

i) Assuming the soil can provide tension

ii) Assuming the soil can provide no tension

iii) Allowing for rain water collecting in the tension cracks.

In each case sketch the pressure distribution on the wall.

2. a) Write down the assumptions considered in the Coulomb’s earth pressure

theory.

b) Describe the procedure of computing active earth pressure behind a vertical

Wall using Culmann’s graphical method.

3. A vertical gravity retaining wall, 12 m high, is to retain a clayey soil for

which cu = 25 kN/m2, φu = 15o and the bulk unit weight b = 19 kN/m3. The

soil surface is horizontal and level with the top of the wall. The water table

is horizontal and level with the bottom of the wall. Determine the

magnitude and direction of the minimum force on the wall for a trial wedge

whose slip surface rises from the bottom of the wall at 70o to the horizontal.

Assume that the angle of wall friction is 10o and the wall adhesion is 15

Kn/m2

4. A vertical wall 5 m high retains soil level with the top of the wall retains sand

for which φ´ = 30o, c´ = 0, dry = 18 kN/m3, sat = 20 kN/m3. Use Rankine's

method to obtain the magnitude and line of action of the active earth force on

the wall, if the water table lies:

(i) at the upper soil surface

(ii) below the bottom of the wall

(iii) half-way up the wall

In each case sketch the pressure distribution on the wall.



explain?

6. Derive suitable formulae for Rankin’s earth pressure theory for various

conditions and explain very clearly?

UNIT-4 SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS- SETTLEMENT

1. A masonry retaining wall 1.0m wide at the top and 3.0m wide at the base and

4m height has a vertical back face and retains soil, which exerts a total earth

pressure of 40kN/m and acts at a height of 1.5m above the base. If the

coefficient of friction between the base of the wall and the soil below is 0.5,

compute the factor of safety against sliding and overturning failures.

2. a) What are the different types of retaining walls and state its suitability?

b) What are the points to be kept in consideration for locating of depth of footing?

3. a) Explain the Counter fort retaining wall with the help of neat sketch?

b) Write the stability Considerations for Gravity Retaining walls and explain with

the help of neat sketch?

4. a)Derive the suitable formulae for the I.S Method to determine the bearing

Capacity of soils for various conditions

5. a) Explain the effect of water table on the bearing capacity soils

b) Derive the suitable formulae for the Meyerhof’s bearing capacity theory?

6. a) Which factors are influencing the Bearing capacity?

b) What do you understand about the bulk heads and explain them in brief with

the help of neat sketches?

c) Write clear note on the Buttress Retaining wall and explain with the help of

neat sketch?

7. a) Define a shallow foundation and explain the various components with the help

of a neat sketch?

b) Explain the Terzaghi’s bearing capacity theory with the help of neat sketch and

derive the suitable formulae?

UNIT-O5 PILE FOUNDATIONS

1. a) What is the significance of permissible settlement? State the permissible settlements for Isolated and

raft foundations in clays and Sandy Soils.

b) Differentiate between Safe bearing Capacity and Allowable bearing capacity

c) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Driven piles?

2. a) Differentiate between total settlement and differential settlement. What are

the harmful effects of differential settlements on structures?

b) What are the possible remedial measures?

3. a) What are the factors governs, while selection of Piles?

b) Explain how the safe bearing capacity/ pressure can be determined using N

Value and write how the N value can be obtained?

Derive the suitable equation for determining the load carrying capacity of piles

based on static pile formulae?

4. a)Explain the Pile load test with help of neat sketch and graph. Present the

importance of this test in connection with the pile foundations?

5. a) Differentiate between total settlement and differential settlement.

b) What are the harmful effects of differential settlements on structures? What are the

possible remedial measures?

6. a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of Driven piles?

b) A concrete pile of 45 cm diameter was driven into sand of loose to medium

density to a depth of 15m. The following properties are known: Average

unit weight of soil along the length of the pile, y = 17.5 kN/m3 , average φ = 30°,

average Ks = 1.0 and δ= 0.750.Calculate The ultimate bearing capacity of the pile,

the allowableload with Fs = 2.5. Assume the water table is at great depth. For L/d ratio

of 33.3 and φ = 30°, the Nq value is 16.5.

7. a) Write clear note on Dynamic pile formulae?

b) What is the principle involved in the pile load test and explain the importance

of this test in Geo-technical Engineering?

UNIT-06 WELL FOUNDATIONS

1. a) Under what circumstances is a pneumatic caisson preferred? What are the

Safety precautions to be fallowed in working with a pneumatic caisson?

b) What is grip length of well? What are the considerations in determination

of grip length?

c) What are ‘Tilts and Shifts’? What are the remedial measures to control

these?

2. a) What is the grip length of the well? What are the considerations in the

Determination of the grip length?

b) Write a brief note on tilts and shifts. Discuss the remedial measures to

Control tilts and shifts.

3. Write clear note on the following

a) Different shapes of well foundations

b) forces acting on well foundations

4. a) What are ‘Tilts and Shifts’? What are the remedial measures to control these?

b) Sketch a completed well foundation for a Bridge pier. Indicate the various

Components and their functions.

5. a) Sketch a completed well foundation for a Bridge pier. Indicate the various

Components and their functions.

b) How do you analyze the well for its lateral stability?

6. a) Write the different types well foundations and explain with the help of neat

sketches?

b) What are the functions of well foundations and explain in detailed?

7. Write short note on

a) Tilting of Well foundations

b) Allowable settlement

c) forces acting on well foundations






NAME: B.RAMYA DEPARTMENT: CIVIL

DISSIGNATION: ASSISTANT PROFESSOR YEAR/SEM:III/II

SUBJECT : TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING-II

UNIT:01 COMPONENTS OF RAIL WAY ENGINEEING

1. a) What are the requirements of an ideal permanent way? Explain.

b) What is ‘creep of rails’? Briefly discuss the theories related to the creep of rails.

2. Give a typical cross section of a permanent way on an embankment, indicate various

components. Also describe the functions of various components of permanent way.

3. a) What are the functions of sleepers in a permanent way? Explain. Also give

requirements of sleepers to fulfill these functions. b) What do you understand by ‘adzing

of sleepers’?

4. Explain the role of chairs, keys and fish plates as track fittings and fastenings. Support

your answer with neat sketches.

5. a) What is sleeper density? What are the factors affecting on sleeper density?

b) What are the components of railway track? Explain each and every component with

neat sketches, functions of permanent way components

6. a) Define following terms, types and explain the merits, demerits and functions

i) Sleeper ii) Rails, iii) Ballast

b) Layout of permanent way

7. What is rail joint? Name the types of rails joints and describe the criteria for choosing a

particular type.

8. Describe the classification of rail fastenings with the help of a diagram and state the

functions of each type.

UNIT-02 GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF RAILWAY TRACK

1. What are the different gradients adopted in the geo metric design of a railway track? Factors affecting

gradient.

2. a) What is the need for providing super elevation on curves of a railway track?

b) Derive a relationship between the rate of super elevation, Gauge, speed and radius of

the curve.

3. What is safe speed for a given railway track? On what factors safe speed depends?

Explain the formulae used for computing the safe speed on curves as per Indian practice.


4. Explain about negative super elevation and the situation where negative super elevation is

required in a railway track.

5. Derive an expression to determine cant or super elevation with reference to standard

notations and geometric condition.

6. What is transition curve and what are the assumptions made with reference to its

geometric condition.

7. What are the surveys conducted for railway track

8. Why the curves provided? Explain the different types of curves with neat sketch.

UNIT: 03 TURNOUTS AND CONTROLLERS

1. a) Define and state the different types of turnout. Define points and switches.

b) Draw a typical sketch showing the complete set of track components for a turnout.

2. a) Define the following terms. I) crossing angle ii) facing angle iii) trailing angle iv) lead rail v) tie rod vi)

switch angle vii) theoretical nose.

b) Discuss the ideal and essential requirements of crossings and turnouts.

3. a) draw the neat sketch of left hand and right hand turnouts.

b) Explain briefly scissors crossover, diamond crossover.

4. a) What is signaling and what are the objectives of signaling system?

b) What is interlocking? And explain the necessities of interlocking.

5. a) List out the different types of signaling systems used in station yards.

b) Explain the principals of interlocking.

UNIT: 04 AIR PORT PLANNING AND DESIGN

1. Explain the procedure for airport master plan and list out the objectives of airport planning.

2. What are the surveys conducted and the data collected for airport site selection? Factors affecting

selecting the site for airport?

3. Define wind rose diagram and its uses? define taxiway

4. Explain the classification of runways.

5. What are the various factors governing the layout of taxiway? Write short note on terminal area.

6. Write a short note on visual aid ? what is the necessity of visual aids

UNIT:05 RUNWAY DESIGN

1. a) What are the different methods for design flexible pavements and explain any one briefly?

b) Write a short note on rigid pavements.

2. a) Write a short note on the drainages for airports? List out the characteristics and requirements of

airport design.

b) Explain the design procedure for surface drainage.

3. a) Explain the LCN system for runway pavement design

b) What are the air field failures?

4. What are the different steps for maintains and rehabilitation of air field pavements?

5. What are the evolution and strengthening of airfield pavements?

UNIT:06 DOCKS AND HARBOURS

1. What is meant by port and harbor? What are the different types of ports

b) Requirements of good ports and harbours

2. What is meant by transition sheads and work houses?

b) Explain about workhouses with a neat sketch.

3. Classification of harbours

4. a) Define break water what are the different types of break waters?

b) What is dredging? What are the different types of dredges

5. What are the navigational aids why are they necessary in harbours?

6. a) write a short note on i) wharves ii) jetties iii) quay walls iv) tides

b) Difference between jetty and wharves.






Subject: WRE-I FacultyName:S.D.R.L.Pavani,

Acadamic Year:2017-2018 Section:III Year II Sem

UNIT-I:

1. (a) Define Hydrologic cycle with a neat sketch. Discuss the various process and

storages involved in the system.

(b) For a drainage basin of 500 km2, isohyetals drawn for a storm gave the following

data:

Isohyetal Interval (cm) 0-3 3-6 6-9 9-12 12-15

Area bounded between isohytes (km2) 75 50 125 130 90

Estimate the average depth of precipitation over the catchment

2. (a) Explain the different methods of determining the average rainfall over a catchment

due to a storm. Discuss the relative merits and demerits of the various methods.

(b) What is an intensity duration curve? Write down the general expression for intensity

duration relationship of rainfall. Explain the necessity for frequency analysis.

3.(a).There are four rain gauge stations neighboring a gauge A, which was inoperative

during a storm. The records show that the storm rainfall for the four stations is 13.7,

14.1, 14.5, and 12.6 cms and the respective normal precipitation of the stations are

140, 146, 157, and 122 cms. If the normal rainfall of station A is 131 cm, calculate

storm precipitation of station A.

(b) Explain briefly the following relationships relating to the precipitation over a basin.

(i) Depth- Area relationship; (ii) Depth-Area-Duration curves and (iii) Intensity-

Duration frequency curves

4. (a) Differentiate between recording and Non-recording types of rain gauges.

(b) The annual rainfalls at seven rain gauge stations in a basin are 55, 95, 60, 45, 20, 80,

and 65 cm respectively. What is the percentage accuracy of the existing network in the

estimation of the average depth of rainfall over the basin? How many additional gauges

are required if it is desired to limit the error to only 10%?

5. (a). Briefly explain the various types of rain gauges with neat sketch? Enumerates it

merits and demerits.

(b). In a drainage basin of 600 km2, isohyets drawn for a storm gave the following

data:

Isohyets Interval (cm) 15-12 12-9 9-6 6-3 3-1

Inter isohyetal area(km2) 98 128 120 175 85

Estimate the average precipitation over the drainage basin.

6. (a) Briefly explain the significant features of global water balance studies? Write a brief note on: i. Mechanism of

precipitation.

ii. Different types of precipitation.

(b). A catchment has five rain-gauge stations and the annual precipitations are 900,

1100, 1750, 950, and 1250 mm respectively. Find the extra number required or not if


error in estimation is limited to 10 percent.

7. (a) What factors you consider in selecting a site for a rain-gauge station? (b) In a catchment there are six rain

gauge stations. The normal rainfall in the gauge

stations are as follows:

Stations: A B C D E F

Annual Rainfall (mm) 350 650 450 781 1042 798

If the error in the estimation of catchment mean rainfall should not exceed 10%,

Calculate the minimum number of additional rain gauge stations required for the

Catchment.

8. (a)Briefly explain the measurement of precipitation? Also enumerate the selection rain

Gauge site?

(b).In a watershed, the average precipitation for four sub basins was recorded as

100.84, 112.27, 84.84, and 73.406cm. The areas of the sub basins were : 93264.3,

71243.5, 108808.2, and 168393.8 ha. Calculate the average precipitation of the total

watershed using Arithmetic mean and Thiessen polygon method.

UNIT-II

1. (a) Explain the following: (i) Evaporation (ii) Transpiration

(iii) Infiltration (iv) consumptive use

(b) Write down the most common empirical formula used to calculate evaporation.

2. (a) Explain the difference between evaporation, interception and transpiration ratio.

(b) Briefly describe any method by which you can measure the evaporation loss from a

free water surface.

3.(a) What do you understand by the term infiltration? How can you measure it in the field?

(b) A storm with 10 cm precipitation produced a direct runoff of 5.8 cm. The time

distribution of the storm as given below, estimate the _-index of the storm.

Time from start (hr) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Increments/ Rainfall in each hour (cm) 0.4 0.9 1.5 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.0 0.5

4.(a) Mention the factors controlling the evaporation process.

(b) A watershed of 50 km2 produces a runoff of 2 Mm3 from the rainfall pattern of the

storm given below, Calculate _-index. Time (hr) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 12

Rainfall (mm) 0 1.1 2.2 6.0 5.0 3.0 1.0 0

5. (a) Discuss the use of pan measurements for the determination of evaporation from water

surface.

(b) A 6 hr storm produced rainfall intensities of 7, 18, 25, 12, 10, and 3 mm/h in

successive one hour intervals over a basin of 800 km2. The resulting runoff is observed to

be 2640 hectare meters. Determine _-index for the basin

6. (a). How infiltration in the field is measured? What are the different infiltration indices?

Explain the each of them by sketches where necessary?

(b). The rate of rainfall for half an hour period of 3.5 hour storm are 3.5, 4.0, 12.0, 8.5,

4.5, 4.5, and 3.0 cm/hr. Assuming the _-index of 3.5 cm/hr find the net rainfall in cm,

total rainfall and W - index.

7. (a) Briefly explain the factors affecting Infiltration? Explain the terms _-index, Windex

and infiltration Capacity.

(b). Cumulative rainfall during a storm is:

Time (hr) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Rainfall(mm) 0 7 16 22 32 40 52 68 70

Assume an initial abstraction loss of 10 mm and a constant infiltration loss rate of 5.0

mm/hr. Calculate the storm runoff volume from the catchment of 122 km2.

UNIT-III

1.(a). What is runoff? Discuss the factors in details that affect the runoff process

(b) What are the elements of Unit Hydrograph? Show with a neat sketch? Enumerate

the limitations and applications of Unit Hydrograph?

2. (a). Briefly explain about Synthetic Unit Hydrograph? Give its limitations and applications.

(b). Given below are the observed flows a storm of 6 hour duration on a stream with a

catchment of 600 km2.

Derive the ordinates of a 6 hour unit hydrograph. Assume the base flow as zero.

Time (hr) 0 6 12 18 24 30 36 48 54 60

Observed flow(m3/s) 0 100 200 150 90 60 30 15 5 0

3. a). Discuss the runoff cycle with neat sketch. Also explain about flow mass curve

(b) The ordinates of a2hr unit hydrograph are given below. Determine the ordinates of an

3 hr. unit hydrograph using S – Curve technique. Time (hr) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

12-h UH ordinates (m3/sec) 0 20 90 150 200 175 100 70 30 20 6 0

4. (a) What is S-curve hydrograph? How is it constructed, and what is it used for?

(b) Derive the ordinates of 1 hr unit hydrograph for the drainage basin of 1329 km2

catchment using the 3 hr unit hydrograph ordinates. Time (hr) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Ordinates of 3 hr unit hydrograph 0 165 54/7 750

580

465

352

262

195

143

97

5. (a) What is meant by stream gauging? Describe the velocity area method that is used

for stream gauging.

(b). The ordinates of 6-hr unit hydrograph are given as follows: Time (hr) 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36

6-hr UH ordinates 0 15 24 42 58 78 69 58 43 30 17 15 0

A storm has successive 3-hr rainfall of 3, 5, and 4 cm respectively. _- Index is 0.2

cm/hr, base flow is 53 m3/s. Determine the resulting flow hydrograph.

6. (a). Draw the unit hydrograph and explain the salient features? Also give its

assumptions and limitations.

(b).A watershed of 3130 km2 was subjected to a storm of 4-hr duration from which the

following hydrograph resulted.

Time(hr) 3 6 9 12 15

18

21

24

3

6

9

12

15

18

21

Discharge

(m3/s)

20 16 175 270 230

200

17

0

150

130

11

5

10

0

90

80

70 60

What is the rainfall excess for the storm? Obtain tan Unit Hydrograph for the watershed

7. (a) Explain how the following parameters affect run off

(i) Shape of basin (ii) Storage condition (b) Explain how runoff is estimated using Khosla’s method.

UNIT-IV

1. a) Describe the Muskingum method of routing an inflow hydrograph through a

channel reach.

(b) What are the basic equations used for flood routing by (i) Hydrologic method and

(ii) Hydraulic method.

2. (a) Enumerate the different methods of measuring discharge.

(b) Describe the Muskingum flood routing.

3.(a). What do you understand by time of concentration of a catchment? Describe briefly

methods of estimation of the time concentration?

(b). Annual flood data of the river Narmada at Garudeshwar covering the period 1948

to 1979 yielded for the annual flood discharges a mean of 29,600 m3/s and a standard

deviation of 14, 860 m3/s. For a proposed bridge on this river near this site it is decided

to have an acceptable risk of 10% in its expected life of 50 years. (a). Estimate the

flood discharge by Gumbel’s method for use in the design of this structure (b) If the

actual flood value adopted in the design is 125,000m3/s what are the safety factor and

safety margin relating to maximum flood discharge? Take ȳn=0.5380 and _n=1.1193.

4. (a) Explain about log Pearson method?

(b). For a long record of annual peak flood of river Sankosh, a north bank tributary of

the river Brahmaputra, the mean Q and standard deviation calculated by the water

resource department, Govt. of Assam are 143.9 m3/s and 56.65 m3/s respectively. Using

Gumbel’s approach, obtain the return period of flood for a flood of 350 m3/s of this

river

5.(a) Define ‘flood routing’. What are the usual assumptions made in routing a flood in a

reservoir?

(b) Explain clearly the I.S.D. curves method of reservoir flood routing. What are the

factors to be considered in choosing the routing period?

6. (a) Derive the Muskingum routing equation and the expression for the routing

coefficients C0, C1, C2.

(b) A coffer dam is designed for a 25 year flood and constructed. If it takes 5 year to

complete the construction of main dam, what is the risk that the coffer dam may fail

before the end of the construction period? What return period in the design of coffer

dam would have reduced the risk to 10% 7. (b) Between two reaches A and B of a river, the values of Muskingum coefficients determined are K = 24 h and X = 0.20. Take outflow at the beginning of routing step equal to inflow. Find the out flow hydrograph at B.

Time (h) 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156 168

Inflow (m3/sec) 14 22 36 93 141 102 86 73 61 50 38 26 20 16

UNIT-V

1. (a) What do you understand by recuperation test? Derive the equations used in the test.

(b) A 30 cm diameter well penetrates 20 m below the static water table. After 24 hours of

pumping at 5000 lit/min, the water level in a test well at 100 m away is lowered by 0.5 m

and in a well at away, the drawdown is 1 m. What is the transmissibility of the aquifer?

2. (a) Briefly explain the following terms: (i) specific yield (ii) aquifer and aquitard (iii)

Darcy’s law (iv) storage coefficient of an aquifer.

(b) A 25 cm well penetrates 50 m below the static water table. After a long period of

pumping at a rate of 1000 lpm, the drawdown in the wells 20 m and 40 m from the

pumped well is found to be 4 m and 2.5 m respectively. Determine the transmissibility of

the aquifer. What is the drawdown in the pumped well?

3. (a) Write assumptions of Dupuit’s equation. Derive the basic differential equation for

steady ground water flow in a well fully penetration into a confined aquifer.

(b) During a recuperation test, the water in an open well was depressed, by pumping by

2.5 m and it recuperated 1.8 m in 80 minutes. Find (a) yield from a well of 4 m diameter

under a depression head of 3 m, (ii) the diameter of the well to yield 8 lit/sec under a

depression head of 2 meters

4. (a) Briefly explain the following terms: (i) Radius of influence (ii) Water table

(iii) Partially penetrating well (iv) Transmissibility.

(b) Calculate the discharge in m3/day from a tube well under the following conditions

of an unconfined aquifer: Diameter of the well = 50 cm; Drawdown at the well = 10 m;

length of strains = 25 m; radius of influence of the well = 250 m; coefficient of

permeability = 0.01 cm/s.

5. (a). Derive an expression for unsteady flow in unconfined aquifer clearly stating the

assumptions made there in?

(b). During pumping of water from a 15 cm diameter well the following information

are recorded. Thickness of the aquifer is 12m, rate of pumping is 1000 lpm, drawdown

at the well after 10 hr of pumping is 2.m and drawdown at the well after 20 hr of

pumping is 3.0m. Determine the transmissibility, storage coefficient and coefficient of

permeability of the aquifer

6.(a) In a certain alluvial basin of 120 km2, 100 Mm3 of ground water was pumped in a

year and the ground water table dropped by 5 m during the year. Assuming no

replenishment, estimate the specific yield of the aquifer. If the specific retention is

12%, what is the porosity of the soil?

(b). A 30 cm well fully penetrates an unconfined aquifer of saturated depth 25m.

When a discharge of 2100lpm was being pumped for a long time, observation wells at

radial distances of 30 m and 90 m indicated drawdown of 5 and 4 m respectively.

Estimate the coefficient of permeability and transmissibility of the aquifer. What is the

drawdown at the pumping well?

UNIT-VI

1. Explain briefly about instantaneous unit hydrograph

2. (a) Explain about clark and nash models.

(b) Explain about kulandaiswamy model

3. (a) Explain about chow model

(b) Explain about rainfall-runoff Modelling

Documents

DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGYdiet.edu.in/QuestionBanks/III-BTECH-II-SEM/CIVIL.pdf · L of 7kN/m excluding weight of the beam, over a clear span of 8m. Design a plated