CYBER CRIMES Affecting the world

8/7/2019 CYBER CRIMES Affecting the world

1/26

CYBER CRIMES

AFFECTING THE

WORLD??..

Suchandra and Adarsh 1


2/26

Cyber Crime: Computer crime, orcybercrime, refers to any crime that

involves a computerand a network. The computer may have been used in the commission of a

crime, or it may be the target. Netcrime refers, more precisely, to criminal exploitation of

the Internet. Issues surrounding this type of crime have become high-profile,

particularly those surrounding hacking, copyrightinfringement, child pornography, and child grooming.

There are also problems

ofprivacy when confidential information is lost or intercepted,lawfully or otherwise.



3/26

cyber crimes can be divided into one of twotypes of categories:

1. crimes that target computer networks ordevices directly.

2. crimes facilitated by computer networks ordevices, the primary target of which is

independent of the computer network ordevice.



4/26

Examples of crimes that primarily target computer networks or devices would include: Computer viruses Denial-of-service attacks Malware (malicious code)

Examples of crimes that merely use computer networks or devices would include:

Cyberstalking Fraud and identity theft Information warfare Phishing scams



5/26

Threats: IIlicit Activities

Hackers: enjoy intellectual challenges ofovercoming software limitations and how to

increase capabilities of systemsCrackers: illegally break into other peoplessecure systems and networks

Cyber Terrorists: threaten and attack other

peoples computers to further a social orpolitical agenda



6/26

Motivation for Hackers:

The challenge... because its there!

Ego

Espionage Ideology

Mischief

Money (extortion or theft) Revenge



7/26

Threats: Illicit Activities

Malware Writers: responsible for thecreation of malicious software

Samurai: hackers hired to legally entersecure computer/network environments

Phreakers: Focus on defeatingtelephone systems and associatedcommunication technologies



8/26


9/26

Zombie BotNets

Botnet is a jargon term for a collection of software robots, orbots, which run autonomously. This can also refer to thenetwork of computers using distributed computing software.

While the term "botnet" can be used to refer to any group ofbots, the word is generally used to refer to a collection ofcompromised machines (zombies) running programs, usuallyreferred to as worms, Trojan horses, or backdoors, under acommon command and control infrastructure. A botnet'soriginator (aka "bot herder") can control the group remotely,and usually for nefarious purposes such as the sending ofmass spam.



10/26

Phishing

Phishing is a technique used by strangers to"fish" for information about you, informationthat you would not normally disclose to astranger, such as your bank account number,PIN, and other personal identifiers such asyour National Insurance number. Thesemessages often contain company/bank logosthat look legitimate and use flowery or

legalistic language about improving security byconfirming your identity details.



11/26

PhishingExample



12/26

Computer Viruses, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware &

Other Malware Computer virus: program which can copy itself and surreptitiously infect

another computer, often via shared media such as a floppy disk, CD, thumbdrive, shared directory, etc. Viruses are always embedded within another fileor program.

Worm: self-reproducing program which propagates via the network.

Trojan horse: program which purports to do one thing, but secretly doessomething else; example: free screen saver which installs a backdoor

Root kit: set of programs designed to allow an adversary to surreptitiouslygain full control of a targeted system while avoiding detection and resistingremoval, with the emphasis being on evading detection and removal

Botnet: set of compromised computers ("bots" or "zombies") under the

unified command and control of a "botmaster;" commands are sent to botsvia a command and control channel (bot commands are often transmittedvia IRC, Internet Relay Chat).

Spyware: assorted privacy-invading/browser-perverting programs

Malware: an inclusive term for all of the above -- "malicious software"Suchandra and Adarsh 12


13/26

Spam

E-mail spam, also known as junk e-mail orunsolicitedbulk e-mail (UBE), is a subset ofspam that involves nearlyidentical messages sent to numerous recipients by e-mail.

Definitions of spam usually include the aspects that e-mail isunsolicited and sent in bulk.

One subset of UBE is UCE(unsolicited commercial e-mail).

Spam accounts for 9 out of every 10 emails in the UnitedStates.



14/26

There are several types of Malware..Viruses ::

Conceal themselves

Infect computer systems

Replicate themselves

Deliver a payload



15/26

Threats: MALWARE

Malware is Malicious Software -deliberately created and specifically

designed to damage, disrupt or destroynetwork services, computer data andsoftware



16/26

There are several types of MalwareViruses which affect as follows..

Conceal themselves

Infect computer systems

Replicate themselves

Deliver a payload



17/26

Malware Types

Worms:

Programs that are capable ofindependently propagating throughout acomputer network.

They replicate fast and consume large

amounts of the host computers memory



18/26

Malware Types

Trojan Horses:

Programs that contain hidden functionality

that can harm the host computer andthe data it contains.

THs are not automatic replicators -computer users inadvertently set themoff.



19/26

Malware Types

Software Bombs:

Time Bombs - triggered by a specific

time/dateLogic Bombs - triggered by a specific

event

Both are introduced some time before andwill damage the host system



20/26

What do you think motivates

Malware writers to create andunleash these attacks?

20Suchandra and Adarsh


21/26

Malware Writer Motivations

To see how far the virus can spread

To cause damage and destruction to a

targeted individual or organisation To achieve a feeling of superiority/power

To leverage some form of personal gain

To provide a lesson in Internet security

To conduct an experiment



22/26


23/26

Protect your Computers!

Use anti-virus software andfirewalls - keep them up to date

Keep your operating system upto date with critical security

updates and patches

Don't open emails orattachments from unknownsources

Use hard-to-guess passwords.Dont use words found in adictionary. Remember thatpassword cracking tools exist

Back-up your computer data ondisks or CDs often

Don't share access to yourcomputers with strangers

If you have a wi-fi network,

password protect it Disconnect from the Internet

when not in use

Reevaluate your security on aregular basis

Make sure your employees andfamily members know this infotoo!



24/26

Additional points To 5 countries affected by cyber crimes

are 1.USA 2.CHINA 3.RUSSIA

4.BRAZIL 5.INDIA.

The world loses 557 million$ anually tocyber crime.

Computer crime rises 57% year by year.



25/26

A final word:

Treat your password like youtreat your toothbrush. Nevergive it to anyone else to use, andchange it every few months



26/26


Documents

CYBER CRIMES Affecting the world