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Cutting-edge technology
Robust serial hybrid and concepts
Rolf HedbergProduct Manager Bus Systems
22008-10-23 LX Rolf Hedberg
Emissions from diesel engines
EURO
I
(199
3)EURO
II
(1996)
EURO
III
(2
000)EURO
IV
(2
005)
EURO
V (2
008)
EEV (o
pt. 2008)
g/kWh
Nox
CO
HC
PM
CO2
2008-10-23 LX Rolf Hedberg
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F-consumption, reduction potential% DRIVELINE ECO DRIVE WEIGHT RED TRAFFIC MGM HYBRIDS MODAL SHIFT
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
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50
45
40
35
30
25
20
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
litres/100 km 1 2 3 4 5
Engine developmentAerodynamicsRolling resistanceEtc. *
Euro
’92 ’96 ’01 ’06 ’09
20200
Fuel consumption development *
HybridsHybrids
* European tractor and semitrailer combination
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History of Scania Hybrid R&D
1986-1989: 22 buses with Flygmotor parallel hybrid system
1995-2002: 13 buses with Thoreb series hybrid driveline
1995-2004: 4 buses with Delphi series hybrid driveline
1997-2002: Concept bus with ZF Friedrichshafen series hybrid driveline and Air Liquide fuel cell system
1999-2002: Parallel mild hybrid concept Integrated Starter generator with Siemens components
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Hybrid powertrain concepts
Freedom of designFreedom of power sourceStepless electrical driveExcellent brake recovery Ideal for stop-go city traffic
Easy integrationMechanical transmissionHigh efficiency and brake
recoverySuitable for cruising,
especially In hilly terrain
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Hybrid powertrain concepts
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Attractive publictransport systemInfrastructural flexibilityRenewable fuel
Scania hybrid concept
Why isn’t public transportperceived as quick, reliable,comfortable, clean or silent?
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High capacity hybrid city bus
Capacity as 12 m city bus Rapid passenger flow Automatic ticketing Good driver visibility
and overview
10.5 m 12 m
Focus on uptime New technical solutions
that add customer value
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Scania full-hybrid powertrain
Robust components and subsystems
Fuels Diesel Ethanol RME Gas …
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Scania hybrid concept bus
Flexible interior
Space for gas tanks
Central drivingposition
Powertrainmodule
80% standard bus parts
Energy storageElectrical AC
Fuels Diesel Ethanol RME Gas …
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Powertrain module
Standard dieselor ethanol engine
Heavy-duty electricgenerator
Power electronics
Heavy-duty propulsionmotor
Independent rearsuspension
Single-mounted wheels
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Easy manoeuvring
Short overhangsSteered rear wheelsNo swing-out
Hybrid concept
Conven-tional
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Flexible full-hybrid technology
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Welcome on-board!
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Welcome on-board!
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Welcome on-board!
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Welcome on-board!
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Concept busAcceptanceViability for production
All powertrain systemsFunctionDurabilityNoiseElectric radiation
Extensive testing
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Ethanol-hybrid trials 2008-2009
12 three-axle ethanol buseswith hybrid powertrain
Jointly with StockholmPublic Transport (SL)
Regular city operation
Diesel-ethanol for highefficiency
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Sustainable public transport
Design flexibility Rapid passenger flow Fuel flexibility
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Scania’s hybrid positionChoice of technology dependent on application
Half hybrid Full hybrid
Viable technology Buses and trucks Fuel flexibility25% less fuel 25% lower emissions 90% less CO2 with ethanol
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,,
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Euro 5 and EEV ethanol engineHighly efficient diesel engine
Diesel engine with Scania EGR8.9 litres270 hp1200 Nm
Thermal efficiencyDiesel up to 44%Ethanol up to 43%
FuelEthanol with 5% ignition improver(not E85)
Technology in place since 1989600 buses sold
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BiofuelsPotential CO2 reduction
Ethanol < 90%from sugar cane
Synthetic diesel < 80%from biomass
Biodiesel < 70%FAME, RME, etc.
Biogas < 100%from waste, sewage
Availabletoday
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Future fuels and technologies
Production?Distribution?
Economicallyviable?
Hydrogen?From biomass in 10 years
DME?A possibility in 6-8 years
Batteries?Promising but expensive
Fuel cells?Beyond 2020
