Customer Benefits of Implement Automation and ... · 06/04/2011 · Customer Benefits of Implement Automation and Electrification at the example of Fertilizer Spreaders Dr. h.c. Norbert

Customer Benefits ofImplement Automation

and Electrification

at the example of Fertilizer Spreaders

Dr. h.c. Norbert Rauch, Rauch Landmaschinenfabrik GmbH, Sinzheim

They are „jobless“without an implement!

They don´t „know“ the implement

They offer only power and control

Are they Dinosaurs??

VDI expert forum | 6th of April 2011 2

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Are they monsters ?

They don`t know the tractor

They „live“ from the power link

They realize the agricultural process

VDI expert forum | 6th of April 2011

Are self-propelled machines the answer?

No interface between „tractor“ and „implement“ Optimal integration with two-way communication

But: expensive and dedicated to one operation


5

The intelligent, modular „like self-propelled“ tractor/implement combination with two-way communication

Tractor/Implement combinations


Increased Efficiency and Comfort: Less Resources and Energy Input

+ optimal Agricultural Process

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Optimized processes through two-way communication

Round Baler controls tractor speed via ISOBUS and supports driver for higher comfort and productivity

Loader wagon controls tractor speed via ISOBUS Less dense swath = faster – more hectars/hDenser swath = slower - fewer blockages

Potato harvester controls tractor steering via ISOBUS. Automatic steering leads to higher productivity and operator comfort


Quellen: Homepage: Pöttinger, Grimme, Krone

Automation of a Fertilizer Twindisc-Spreader

MotivationThe exact dose of fertilizer per site is very important to maximize the yield• Fertilizer is and will be very expansive:

-N-fertilizer: to produce 1 kg app. 1l oil is neededMarch 2011: KAS: 300€/t-P-fertilizer : will run out in the next 50-100 yearsMarch 2011: DAP: 485€/t-K-fertilizer: will run out in the next ? yearsMarch 2011: 40er Kali: 275€/t

• A 1000 ha arable farm spends app. 200.000 €/year for fertilizer, which is up to 40% of all costs of production

Important target: Increase Fertilizer Efficiency: Less costs, less energy input, higher yield, less pollution

7VDI expert forum | 6th of April 2011

Automation of a Fertilizer TwinDisc-Spreader

Requirements: Tractor • All implement related functions can be controlled via ISOBUS+GNSS

Requirements : TwinDisc-Spreader• ISOBUS: 1. PTO-driven: discs RPM are controlled together

2. hydraulic or electric driven spreaders: disc-RPM, dose, spreading pattern are controlled independantly

Potential for Tractor-Implement-Automation (TIM)1. The exact height and angle of a mounted Twindisc-Spreader is

important for a precise spreading pattern. With automation this can automatically be adjusted.

2. PTO-driven Twindisc-Spreaders: PTO speed control in the field and fast reaction at headlands improves fertilizer distribution

3. Electric driven Twindisc-Spreaders: High-Speed disccontrol allows precise fertilizer distribution especially in challenging terrain and at headland turns or field corners.


Automatic adjustment of the 3-point-hitch

halffull empty

Continuous automatic height adjustment could help to improve the spread pattern. The estimated yield increase lies between 0.1% and 0.75% depending on crop, working width and spreader size.

halffullempty

The height and angle of a mounted fertilizer spreader is commonly adjusted once before spreading. The exact adjustment is difficult and changes during spreading due to the emptying of the hopper.


Ein

scha

ltpun

kt

Aus

scha

ltpun

kt

Feldgrenze

Spreading Pattern and overlapping at the headland

Fast reaction of the PTO-speed at headlands improves fertilizer distribution


Potential of electric drives, Example Twindisc-Spreaders


• very robust and good power density• very effective

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Power Solutions today

Hydraulic Power

• high power density • easy to connect to complex implements • ability to control power via tractor is good• very effective for specific operations

Electric power

• controllability very good• effective for range of operations• simple power distribution


PTO

•Inefficient power conversion for rotational drives•High oil temperature•Connector too limited for higher performance (>100 l/min)•Leakage•Variability in pressure and flow density from tractor

only available under 500 W

• Fixed rpm dependent on engine rpm• Difficult power distribution on complex implement

Should we continue...?

AEF-Meeting 2011-03-1613VDI expert forum | 6th of April 2011

Requirements for a new power source

• Power source enables communication and cooperation between tractor and implement, leading to optimized working processes

• Fast and two-way communication between implement and tractor (TIM =Traktor-Implement-Management)

• Power regulation is entirely dependent on the specific requirements of the implement

• Simple and safe connection between tractor and implement

• Efficient power source: enables reduced fuel consumption through optimal settings between tractor and implement


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Potential of the electrical power source

Electrical power as future complement to hydraulic and mechanical power:

• Optimal controllability

• Simpler power distribution and controllability

• Reliable

• Enable for automation and navigation


• High EfficiencyAn innovative solution for higher productivity and comfort

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Hydraulic versus electric: a comparison

hydraulicPump

Controller

InverterDC

AC InverterDC

AC

Electric connector

Hydraulic connectors - Common interface- Universal usage

The basic principle is the same

Tractor = power source

Generator = hydraulic pump

Inverter = „Electrical control system“


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Electrical connector concept

PTO

Inverter

InverterInverter

Large number of drives:Generator on the tractorDistribution and control on the implement

Generator on the implementDistribution and control on the implement System for „older“ tractors:

Important: Compatibility and standardization


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More effective connectivity between tractor and implement

Electric power (e.g. 2x 150 kW), with communication and voltage regulation

Mechanical power(e.g. 150kW)

ISOBUS

Hydraulics (e.g. 40kW)

Electrical connectors complement hydraulics and mechanics


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Spreader adjustment can be set Right/Left independently• Disc speed- low controllability• Spreading point• Dosage

Automatic fertiliser flow regulation:• Speed sensor on the spreader discs• Pressure sensors on the hydraulic motors• Return pressure sensor- sensors needed

Twin-disc fertiliser spreader with hydraulic drive

b a r

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Mass

flow

[kg/

min

]

Pressure difference [bar]


Spreading Technology of Twin Disc Fertilizer spreadersSpread pattern and overlapping

-30-20

-100

1020

30 -40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

Fahrtrichtung, mStreubreite, m

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Controllability of disc speed is needed


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Hydraulic vs. Electric drives

Step response - Spreader disc speed hydraulic vs. electrical main drive

0

300

600

900

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

time [sec.]

disc

spe

ed [r

pm]

target speedresponse hydraulic drivenresponse electric driven


0

300

600

900

0 2 4 6 8 10

time [sec.]

disc

spe

ed [r

pm]



0

300

600

900

25 27 29 31 33 35

time [sec.]

disc

spe

ed [r

pm]



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Twin-Disc Fertiliser Spreader With Electric Drive

Disc drive 900 RPM

12 V Eccentricagitator drive17 RPM

Gearbox5,5:1

Disc drive900 RPM

Gearbox5,5:1 480 V motor

5000 RPM480 V motor5000 RPM

1. No sensors needed2. Torque measurement

= Current/Voltage


Efficieny Comparison of mechanic, hydraulic and electric driven Twindisc-Spreaders

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 260

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

disk torque [Nm]

effic

ienc

y [%

]

electrical spreaderhydraulic spreader at Power Beyondhydraulic spreader at SCVmechanical spreader

High efficiency even on reduced torques

Quelle: Hahn


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Historical chance!Replacement of inefficient hydraulic systems for rotational drives (NOT cylinders)

- precise power distribution regulated according to need

- high efficiency

- optimal implement setting via ISOBUS communication

- simpler power distribution on implement

- reduced use of fossil fluids (fuel, oil)

- safer coupling of implement to tractor

Summary


Vision 2030-2040-2050Agricultural Energy Use without Fossil Fuels

Full electric drive for self-propelled tractor for vinyardsBattery Weight: 750 kg

Quelle: Magazin Powerboost



CNH: NH2 (Liquid Hydrogen)

Quelle: CNH-Prospekt



• Tramlines used to add underground power lines for vehicles, batteries and the agricultural processes

• Wireless power supply with conducting paths between the tramlines “Controlled traffic” via electromagnetic induction

• Sustainable power supplies, e.g.wind power, could be used, in particular in the field`s proximity

Crazy !


Vision 2030-2040-2050Energy use without fossil fuels

WEB-Site from Bombardier.com:The PRIMOVE`s outstanding feature:

• Safe and contactless inductive power transfer.• Supply components invisible hidden in the vehicle and

underneath the track.• Reliable and wear resistant• Operates in all weather and ground conditions

• Power levels from 100 kW to up to 500 kW

Let`s think beyond

Intelligent Use of Electric Power is efficient


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RAUCH Landmaschinenfabrik GmbH • Landstraße 14 • 76547 Sinzheim • www.rauch.de

Thank you!

Documents

Customer Benefits of Implement Automation and ... · 06/04/2011 · Customer Benefits of Implement Automation and Electrification at the example of Fertilizer Spreaders Dr. h.c. Norbert