Curriculum Vitae a. Candidate Information · 2019-10-08 · 1 Curriculum Vitae a. Candidate Information a.1 Personal a.1.1 Name David J. Singer a.1.2 Education Ph.D. University of

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Curriculum Vitae

a. Candidate Information

a.1 Personal

a.1.1 Name

David J. Singer

a.1.2 Education

Ph.D. University of Michigan, 2003, Naval Architecture and Marine

Engineering

Thesis: A Hybrid Agent Approach for Set-Based Conceptual

Ship Design through the Use of a Fuzzy Logic Agent to

Facilitate Communications and Negotiation

Advisor: Michael G. Parsons

M.S.E. University of Michigan, 2001, Industrial and Operations

Engineering

M.Eng. University of Michigan, 1997, Concurrent Marine Design

B.S.E. University of Michigan, 1995, Naval Architecture and Marine

Engineering - Cum Laude

a.1.3 Positions at U of M

Assistant Professor, 2010 - present

Co-Director, Naval Engineering Education Center, May 2010 - September 2015

Director, Advanced Naval Concepts Research Laboratory, 2008 - present

Director of the NAVSEA Ship Production Science Program, 2006 – present

Assistant Research Scientist, 2006 - 2010

Adjunct Assistant Professor, 2006 - 2010

Post Doctoral Fellow, 2003 - 2004

Graduate Student Research Scientist / Graduate Student Instructor, 1996 - 2003

a.1.4 Positions at other institutions or organizations

Manufacturing Analyst / Special Projects Manager, Plastipak Packaging Inc.,

Plymouth Michigan, 2004 - 2006

a.2 Honors and Awards

2014 Fellow of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers

2014 Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Distinguished Service Award

This award is given for “for dedicated personal service and/or technical

contributions to the Society.”

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2007, 2009, 2013 Outstanding Faculty Member in Naval Architecture and Marine

Engineering, Quarterdeck Society (Naval Architecture Student

Honors Society)

2012 American Society of Naval Engineers Solberg Award

The Solberg Award, presented annually since 1967, is given to an

individual who has made a significant contribution to Naval Engineering

through personal research during the past three years.

2010 Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Award for Outstanding

Accomplishment

2007 Office of Naval Research (ONR) Young Investigator Program Award (YIP)

b. Teaching

b.1 New courses introduced at U of M

NA 562 Marine Systems Production Business Strategy and Operations Management

(major revision 2006)

NA 562 focuses on the systematic description of the underlying behavior of

manufacturing systems put into the context of shipbuilding. The course

addresses shipyard and boat yard business and product strategy definition,

operations planning and scheduling, performance measurement, process control,

and improvement strategies. The course relies heavily on the book Factory

Physics by Hopp and Spearman.

b.2 Courses taught at U of M

Required Courses

End-of-semester Student Evaluations. Scale 1-5 best.

Q1: “Overall, this was an excellent course.”

Q2: “Overall, this was an excellent teacher.”

Q4: “I had a strong desire to take this course.”

Course

#

Course title Teaching

Role

Term Enrollment

/Responses

Q1

Q2 Q4

NA 562 Marine Systems Production

Business Strategy and

Operations Management

Instructor Fall

2015

45/45 4.37 4.77 4.42

NA 260 Marine Systems

Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2015

31/30 4.75 4.85 4.75

ISD 520 Introduction to Systems

Engineering: Objectives,

Principles and Practices

Co-

Instructor

Fall

2014

43/43 4.52 4.81 4.42


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2014

36/34 4.5 4.89 4.12




Instructor Fall

2013

30/29 4.40 4.59 4.27

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Independent Studies


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2013

49/45 4.70 4.91 4.56




Instructor Fall

2012

45/44 4.07 4.08 4.26


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2012

50/47 4.56 4.89 4.74




Instructor Fall

2011

36/33 4.34 4.53 4.20


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2011

38/34 4.33 4.73 4.04




Instructor Fall

2010

36/26 3.88 4.10 4.19


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2010

36/19 4.64 4.97 4.68




Instructor Fall

2009

41/19 4.04 4.64 4.55


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2009

42/13 4.31 4.57 4.14




Instructor Fall

2008

32/24 4.32 4.64 4.50


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2008

40/36 4.75 4.92 4.39




Instructor Fall

2007

20/16 4.00 4.08 4.05


Manufacturing

Instructor Winter

2007

35/26 4.03 4.42 3.83




Instructor Fall

2006

12/9 4.60 4.86 4.33

Course Course Title Teaching

Role

Term Enrolment

NA 590 Seminar (Independent Study) Instructor Winter 2015 3

NA 490 Direct Study (Independent Study) Instructor Winter 2015 1

NA 590 Seminar (Independent Study) Instructor Fall 2014 1

NA 490 Direct Study (Independent Study) Instructor Fall 2014 1







NA 590 Seminar (Independent Study) Instructor Spring/Summer 2011 1

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b.3 Ph.D. Committees chaired/co-chaired

1. Conner Goodrum, PhD Pre-candidate, Expected graduation May 2019, Topic: Ship

Design, Chair

2. Michael Sypniewski, PhD Pre-candidate, Expected graduation May 2018, Topic:

Agent-Based Network Theory Set-Based Design, Chair

3. Dorian Brefort, PhD Pre-candidate, Expected graduation May 2018, Topic: Ship

Design, Chair

4. Colin Shields, PhD candidate, Expected graduation May 2017, Topic: Naval Ship

Distributed System Design Utilizing Network Theory and Complexity Theory, Chair

5. Austin Kana, January 2016, “Enabling Decision Insight by Applying Monte Carlo

Simulations and Eigenvalue Spectral Analysis to the Ship-Centric Markov Decision

Process Framework,” Chair, (Current position: Post Doctoral Fellow University of

NA 579 Concurrent Design Project

(Independent Study)

Instructor Spring 2011 1



(Independent Study)

Instructor Winter 2011 2


(Independent Study)

Instructor Fall 2010 1



(Independent Study)


NA 592 Thesis (Independent Study) Instructor Winter 2010 1


(Independent Study)



NA 590 Seminar (Independent Study) Instructor Spring/Summer 2009 3






(Independent Study)




(Independent Study)




NA 590 Seminar (Independent Study) Instructor Spring 2007 1


(Independent Study)



(Independent Study)


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Michigan, Future Position: Austin has accepted a position as an Assistant Professor at

Delft University of Technology, Delft Netherlands starting fall 2016.)

6. Jason Strickland, August 2015, “A Design Process Centric Application of State

Space Modeling as a Function of Communication and Cognitive Skills Assessments,”

Chair, (Current position: Chief Naval Architect, Surface Combatant Concept Team

U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division (NSWCCD) Future Ship and

Submarine Concepts Branch)

7. Morgan Parker, May 2014, “A Contextual Multipartite Network Approach to

Comprehending the Structure of Naval Design,” Chair, (Current position: Naval

Architect at the U.S. Naval Sea Systems Command Advanced Submarine

Development Division (NAVSEA 05U6))

8. Doug Rigterink, May 2014, “Methods for Analyzing Early Stage Naval Distributed

Systems Designs, Employing Simplex, Multislice, and Multiplex Networks,” Chair,

(Current position: Naval Architect at U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock

Division (NSWCCD) Future Ship and Submarine Concepts Branch)

9. Joshua Knight, December 2013, “A Prospect Theory-Based Real Option Analogy for

Evaluating Flexible Systems and Architectures in Naval Ship Design,” Chair,

(Current position: Scientist, Navatek LTD)

10. Thomas McKenney, September 2013, “An Early-Stage Set-Based Design Reduction

Decision Support Framework Utilizing Design Space Mapping and a Graph

Theoretic Markov Decision Process Formulation,” Chair, (Current position:

Manager, Technical Projects and Revitalizations Royal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd.)

11. Brian Cuneo, September 2013, “Development of a Human Centric Multidisciplinary

Design Optimization Method Using Fuzzy Logic Systems and Controllers,” Chair,

(Current position: Scientist, Navatek LTD)

12. Fang Dong, May 2013, “Dynamic Control of Flexible Queueing Networks with

Application to Shipbuilding,” Co-Chair, (Current position: Senior Data Scientist,

The Nielsen Company)

13. Nathan Niese, August 2012, “Life Cycle Evaluation under Uncertain Environmental

Policies Using a Ship-Centric Markov Decision Process Framework,” Chair, (Current

position: Project Leader, Boston Consulting Group)

14. Justin Gillespie, August 2012, “A Network Science Approach to Understanding and

Generating Ship Arrangements in Early-Stage Design,” Chair, (Current position:

Research Scientist and Field Analyst assigned to Commander, Carrier Strike Group

TWELVE (forward deployed) CNA’s Center for Naval Analyses)

15. Alexander Gray, August 2011, “Enhancement of Set-Based Practices Via

Introduction of Uncertainty Through the Use of Interval Type-2 Modeling and

General Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Agent Based Methods,” Chair, (Current position:

Acting Implementation Team Lead for the Future Ship and Submarine Concepts

Branch at U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division (NSWCCD))

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b.4 Other Ph.D. committee membership

1. Dylan W. Temple, 2015, “A Multi-Objective Collaborative Optimization Framework

to Understand Trade-offs between Naval Lifetime Costs Considering Production,

Operation, and Maintenance”

2. Jiandao Zhu, 2014, “Life Cycle Fatigue Management for High-Speed Vessel Using

Bayesian Updating Approaches”

3. Derek J. Dalle, 2013, Interactions between Flight Dynamics and Propulsion Systems

of Air-Breathing Hypersonic Vehicles”

4. John P. Kim, 2013, “Multi-Scale Modeling with an Inverse Mapping Capability for

Designing Blast Resistant Composite Panel for Light Weight Vehicles”

5. Nicholas A. Stowe, 2013, “Focusing Energy Underwater Through Optimization of a

Spherical Source Array”

6. Shari E. Hannapel, 2012, “Development of Multidisciplinary Design Optimization

Algorithms for Ship Design Under Uncertainty”

7. Christopher Gregory Hart, 2010, “Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Complex

Engineering Systems for Cost Assessment Under Uncertainty”

8. Athanasios Denisis, 2009, “An Economic Feasibility Study of Short Sea Shipping

Including the Estimation of Externalities with Fuzzy Logic”

b.5 M.S. students advised/co-advised

1. Aaron McCloud, May 2010, “Wind Energy on the Great Lakes,” Chair, (Current

Position: Manager at Shell International Exploration and Production Inc.)

M.Eng. Team Project Advised

1. David Komar, Thomas Olsen, Kenneth Au, Christopher Greenough, 2013, U.S. Coast

Guard Arctic Patrol Cutter Design: Identifying Major Tradeoffs with Design

Building Blocks

Refer to section b.8 “Outreach directly related to teaching” for more information.

2. Jeff Bybee and Patrick Burnett, 2011, Applying Lessons Learned From

Manufacturing to Systems Engineering

Refereed conference publication was generated.

3. Jayme Dubinsky, Douglas Graul, Arcpoln Harinsuit, Jarrred Hinton, Jeremy Kime,

Zhonghui Lui, Alexander Ogdon, Catherine Phillips, 2010, Arctic Patrol Cutter: A

Conceptual Design


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4. Anders Hammersborg, Robin Madsen, Johan Kemnitz, 2008, Design of a Steel Slab

Carrier for Great Lakes Service

A publication in popular press/magazine was generated.

5. Malcolm Belt, Kevin Keenan, Jeff Payne, Tracy Phillips, Emily Tharp, 2007,

Analysis and Design of a United States Coast Guard 18’ Ice Rescue Boat


b.6 Undergraduate major projects directed

1. Faculty Advisor for UM::Autonomy, 20+ students per year, (September 2007 - 2013)

UMA is a Wilson Center student robotics team founded in 2007 under the guidance

of Professor Ryan Eustice and Professor David Singer to compete in the annual

AUVSI/ONR Roboboat Competition.

– UMA won 1st place out of 19 participating teams in the 2012 AUVSI/ONR

competition.

– UMA won 1st place out of 13 participating teams in the 2010 AUVSI/ONR

competition.

b.7 Short courses and workshops taught

1. Lean Champion Certification Program, Plastipak Packaging, 2004 - 2006, 400

employees, developed corporate training program and provided training.

b.8 Outreach directly related to teaching

1. David Komar, Thomas Olsen, Kenneth Au, Christopher Greenough, 2013, U.S. Coast

Guard Arctic Patrol Cutter Design: Identifying Major Tradeoffs with Design

Building Blocks

The United States Coast Guard and United States Navy sponsored this study.

2. Jayme Dubinsky, Douglas Graul, Arcpoln Harinsuit, Jarrred Hinton, Jeremy Kime,

Zhonghui Lui, Alexander Ogdon, Catherine Phillips, 2010, Arctic Patrol Cutter: A

Conceptual Design

The United States Coast Guard sponsored this study.

The results of the study were used in the development of the requirements for a

potential future arctic patrol cutter.

3. Malcolm Belt, Kevin Keenan, Jeff Payne, Tracy Phillips, Emily Tharp, 2007,

Analysis and Design of a United States Coast Guard 18’ Ice Rescue Boat

The United States Coast Guard sponsored this study.

The results of the study were used in determine the requirements and acquisition

strategy for a new series of Ice Rescue Boats.

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b.9 Other

1. Co-Director, Naval Engineering Education Center (NEEC) (May 2010 - September

2015)

The goal of the NEEC is to educate and develop world-class naval systems engineers

for the Navy's civilian engineering, science and acquisition workforce through

project-based education, collaboration, and curriculum development. Led by the

University of Michigan during a five and a half year contract time period, the NEEC

was comprised of 27 colleges and universities, the American Society of Naval

Engineers (ASNE) and the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers

(SNAME).

Academic Participants in the NEEC- During the contract period the operational

management of the NEEC resided at the University of Michigan (UM), which served

as the lead academic institution. NEEC members included the following academic

institutions: Georgia Institute of Technology (GaTech), Virginia Polytechnic Institute

(VPI), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Pennsylvania State University

(PSU), Webb Institute (Webb), Florida State University (FSU), Florida Atlantic

University (FAU), Old Dominion University (ODU), Stevens Institute of Technology

(SIT), Tennessee State University (TSU), University of New Orleans (UNO),

University of Iowa (Iowa), University of Texas-San Antonio (UTSA), University of

Washington (UW), University of Rhode Island (RI), University of New Hampshire

(NH), University of California - Riverside (UCR), Villanova University (VU), and

Boston University (BU).

The NEEC’s three primary objectives:

• Increase the Number of Students Introduced to Naval Engineering- The goal

of the NEEC was and is to expose and encourage the best students to a career in

Naval Engineering. Many incoming students equate Naval Engineering with Naval

Architecture alone, but they must be introduced to the wide range of interdisciplinary

challenges that make up modern Naval Engineering. In addition to University

outreach, the NEEC consortium members utilized the extensive outreach resources

that are contained within each of the member Universities and professional societies

(SNAME and ASNE) to introduce Naval Engineering in the “K-12” grades. The

NEEC widened the prospective pool of Naval interested students by forming the

consortium with a broad range of schools, including Historically Black Colleges and

Universities (HBCUs) and Minority Serving Institutions.

• Project-Based Education for Naval Engineers- The past and current NEEC

program brings students, faculty and Navy researchers together to work on exciting

and important technical challenges. Modern engineering students must learn to cope

with increasingly complex technical problems that require them to work in teams on

problems that cross multiple academic boundaries. The primary goal of the NEEC

was and is the development of engineers to use the newest tools and methodologies

so that they will be ready to immediately employ the tools once the join the Navy

workforce.

• Strengthen Naval Engineering Program and Curriculum- Academic programs

that have Naval Engineering will be enhanced with their involvement in the NEEC

through increased enrollment and faculty support. Moreover, these schools will offer

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curriculum that need not be duplicated across the NEEC, providing their faculty an

opportunity to provide their specialized course offerings to a wider cohort of

students. By making courses available across the consortium, academic programs

that specialize in particular aspects of Naval Engineering can achieve sustainable

enrollments and spread knowledge across academic boundaries.

Dr. Singer’s specific responsibilities within the NEEC were as follows:

Facilitate relationships between Professors and U.S. Navy researchers.

Manage the solicitation and selection process of NEEC projects.

Work with the Co-Directors of the NEEC to promote the NEEC within

the Navy and partner universities.

Create opportunities for NEEC projects outside of core funding.

Along with the Co-Directors provide leadership and management of all

aspects of the NEEC program.

When the NEEC’s contract ended in September 2015 the U.S. Navy decided to

continue the NEEC and transition it into an internal U.S. Navy program. Please go

to Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) for the Naval Engineering Education

Consortium (NEEC) Solicitation Number: N00174-15-0001 for more information.

2. University of Michigan College of Engineering Science, Mathematics And Research

for Transformation (SMART) Scholarship for Service Program recruitment

coordinator (2009 - 2015)

3. Faculty Advisor to Quarterdeck Society (The Naval Architecture and Marine

Engineering Student Honors Society) - Coordinated technical presentations for the

students, assisted in fund raising. These funds enable an average of 20 students to

attend the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers annual meeting each

year. (2006 - present)

4. Faculty Liaison and Originator - Hyundai Heavy Industry (HHI) Internship and

Cultural Exchange Program: An Innovation in Curriculum Collaboration between

the University of Michigan, HHI and the University of Ulsan. (2008 - 2010)

The program consists of:

1. Two University of Ulsan students completed two semesters (6 months) at

University of Michigan graduate program along side University of Michigan

students. This consisted of courses in the winter and spring semesters of 2009.

2. Ten University of Michigan students and a University of Michigan faculty

member and/or faculty representative spent four weeks in Korea participating in

an international internship experience. The Korean experience consists of one

week at the University of Ulsan learning about Korean culture and three weeks at

HHI learning about shipbuilding and ship design. These internships are funded by

HHI and UM.

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c. Research

c.1 Research programs underway

The University of Michigan Advanced Naval Concepts Research Laboratory (ANCR) is a

multidiscipline research and development center, created and led by Dr. David Singer, which

promotes the advancement of naval ship and naval systems design through people,

knowledge, and innovation. The ANCR laboratory is dedicated to the support of the

development of the human infrastructure and research needed to support the design of

advanced naval vessels and systems. It conducts multi-year long-term research projects as

well as short-term research projects related to advanced ship technology and design.

The objectives of the ANCR Lab and the metrics by which its success is measured are as

follows:

1. To ensure the continuing availability of future ship designers with total ship system

design capabilities.

2. Advance the state of the art of ship design related technologies while fostering

innovative ship designs for the future.

3. Leverage the research and technologies developed within other industries and ONR

and apply them to naval ship design.

The ANCR Laboratory’s research is focused on one primary goal; “how can the design of

complex Naval combatants be improved?” Naval ship design is an extremely complex

problem to which the ANCR completes research in two areas; (1) human interaction within

the design process and (2) research that can bring activities that are historically completed

late in the design process into the early stage design.

The ANCR team currently includes Dr. David Singer, 5 graduate students, 2 undergraduate

students and 1 post doctoral fellow. Since its inception the ANCR has graduated 7 masters

students and 11 Ph.D. students and numerous undergraduate students. Given ANCR’s unique

skills and research contribution the U.S. Navy awarded a five-million-dollar sole source

contract (2008 - 2013) to the University of Michigan (Singer PI). This enabled the ANCR

and the Navy to collaborate more efficiency by providing a direct funding contract vehicle.

The ANCR’s research is described in the following section:

Complex Systems Theory Approach to Naval Design

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research and U.S. Naval Sea Systems Command

Graduate Student: Mr. Colin Shields (GSRA and National Defense Science and Engineering

Graduate Fellowship Supported)

Collaborators: Mr. Robert Ames (Office of Naval Research), Dr. Bart van Oers (Project /

Team leader Ship Design at Defense Materiel Organization - Netherlands

Ministry of Defense, Dr. Norbert Doerry (Technical Director NAVSEA 05T)

Outreach: None

This new naval design research direction uses a complex systems perspective to examine how

failures occur in naval design. In contrast to traditional views, which treat design as an

isolated process of turning requirements into engineering specifications, a complex systems

view considers how a design, its designers and its users adapt together. This notion is

especially applicable to naval design that exhibits long design cycles and a goal of producing

knowledge to inform future design versus designing a product for a market.

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The applications of this approach to the naval design problem are in the starting stages and

focus on leveraging previous naval design work and in other fields. From naval design

research, network science studies provide qualitative analysis of design product and process

attributes that are more applicable to the study of a complex system than simulations or

classic naval architecture analysis. Research in complex systems engineering and the study of

other complex systems show promise in evaluating how the naval design system adapts to

vessel requirements and knowledge generation. Analyzing these responses will hopefully

enable engineers and program managers to identify areas of design failure that are not

captured by current methods.

Current research is focused on considering the impact of distributed systems on complex

nature of a vessel; specifically, when, through the act of design does a vessel transition from

complicated to complex. The goal of this work is to predict when a vessel requirement turns

a complicated, decomposable product into a complex product for which current design

approaches are known to fail. For this work the interactions of survivability requirements and

the requisite variety of the product are analyzed to identify phase transitions in the vessel

characteristics. This requires an agent-based approach to distributed system routing in order

to manifest the interdependencies of shipboard systems. The approach and analysis can be

expanded to incorporate network science analysis and other agent based modeling tools with

the goal of identifying the driving mechanisms of design system success and failure.

Set-Based Design (SBD) in Naval Ship Design

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research and U.S. Naval Sea Systems Command

Graduate Student: Mr. Michael Sypniewski (GSRA Supported)

Collaborators: Dr. Alexander Gray (Engineer NSWCCD; UM PhD 2011), Dr. Norbert

Doerry (Technical Director NAVSEA 05T), Mr. Walter Mebane (Senior

Ship Design Manager for the DDG 51 Flight III program), Mr. Adrian

Mackenna (Naval Architect Ship Design Tools Implementation Team Lead

NSWCCD)

Outreach: Numerous undergraduate and graduate students have taken part in SBD

experiments.

This research is focused on methods associated with SBD execution and the guidance of set-

convergence. Within the Navy, determining when and how much to reduce or expand a set-

range is currently a more heuristic process decided by a chief engineer or experienced

designer. Also, as variable set-ranges are modified and the design progresses, evaluation tools

and design relationships change. These temporal dynamics make it even more difficult to

fully understand the implications of modifying set-ranges and in what order. The problems

presented by SBD proponents and the limitations of current research show that there is still a

substantial need for SBD implementation support, especially in how decisions should be

made to reduce the design space while considering the total design process impacts.

The purpose of the current research is to understand the relationships between key functions

and design parameters at multiple stages of the design as well as the implications associated

with making the decision to converge certain areas of the design space. A design space

mapping method is used to understand the mappings between design spaces and the longest

path problem formulated as a Markov Decision Process with the goal of understanding design

convergence approaches as the design process progresses. The combination of these two

approaches can enable the central decision-maker to understand how a decision to narrow the

design space impacts the relationships between design variables and key functions such as

performance metrics.

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Preliminary Ship Design General Arrangements International Cooperative Research

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research

Graduate Student: Mr. Collin Shields and Mr. Dorian Brefort (GSRA Supported)

Collaborators: Dr. Justin Gillespie (Research Analyst, CNA’s Center for Naval Analyses;

UM PhD 2012) Professor Hans Hopman (Delft University of Technology),

Mr. Etienne Duchateau (Delft University of Technology), Professor David

Andrews (University College London), Dr. Rachel Pawling (University

College London), Dr. Bart van Oers (Netherlands Ministry of Defense)

Outreach: Several undergraduate students

The University College London (UCL), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) and the

University of Michigan (UM) are currently conducting extensive research in the area of ship

design with a specific focus on general arrangements and sizing. Team members have taken

their own unique approach to this research problem. While each approach is different they are

very complementary. The goal of the collaborative research is to provide both a platform for

multi-university effort, in collaborative ship design research, and a noticeable advancement of

research within the area of early stage naval ship design. The cornerstone of this effort is a

new novel distributed system arrangements methodology.

Network Science Approach to Ship Arrangements

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research and Naval Sea Systems Command

Graduate Student: Mr. Dorian Brefort

Collaborators: Dr. Doug Rigterink (Engineer at U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center

Carderock Division (NSWCCD); UM PhD 2014) and Mr. Adrian Mackenna

(Naval Architect Ship Design Tools Implementation Team Lead NSWCCD)

Outreach: None

The new ship arrangements research direction uses network science to re-envision the

traditional CAD centric layout problem from a new perspective. In this view, design

relationships are information inputs into layout-related analyses rather than only post-

processors for evaluating layouts. This is consistent with existing design processes where

human designers attempt to keep relevant relationships in the back of their mind at all times

to inform decisions. Network nodes represent ship compartments and edges correspond to

design constraints forming a relationship network.

Within this new approach, network concepts of centrality and hierarchy are used to highlight

and rank the embedded drivers of an early-stage arrangement prior to developing spatial

layouts by directly analyzing the relationship network in a methodical and holistic manner.

Once drivers are determined, a network partitioning method is used to cluster shipboard

elements into communities of mutually compatible elements to minimize the degradation of

other items located in the same region of the ship. These communities can form the basis of

functional zone definitions and help designers establish connections between the network of

inter-element relationships and spatial ship arrangements.

Current research is focused on a network theory approach to linking disparate information in

early stage ship design. For this work a multislice, all-to-all inter-slice coupling model is used

with compartments represented as nodes and the edges in the different slices of the model

representing different interactions. The goal of this research is to connect two disparate types

of information and optimize an arrangement for both spatial constraints and egress time. This

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work will then be expanded to maximize the robustness of egress possibilities using

percolation models to simulate damaged compartments or passageways. The multi-slice

model can be expanded to include any number of distributed systems linking various

compartments and a similar robustness optimization can be completed to create the most

survivable arrangement.

Physiology Driven Ship Design and Arrangements

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research funding through Michigan Engineering Services LLC

Graduate Student: Mr. Jason Strickland (GSRA Supported) Graduated September 2015, new

student TBD

Collaborators: Dr. Paul Kileny (Professor and Academic Program Director, Audiology and

Electrophysiology, University of Michigan Health System / Medical School),

Michigan Engineering Services LLC

Outreach: None

The main objective of the ongoing research is to develop the capability for physiology driven

ship design for mitigation of noise-induced hearing loss with emphasis on advanced Naval

vessel applications. Due to the high operational noise levels onboard Navy ships, sailors are

exposed to hazardous noise levels resulting in both a significant human cost due to noise

induced hearing loss and tinnitus encountered by Navy personnel, and a high monetary

medical cost. Health issues associated with high noise environments can be amplified in

advanced Naval vessels where light weight materials such as aluminum, titanium, and

composites are considered for construction in order to keep the structural weight at a

minimum thus improving the fuel consumption, and for increasing the range, speed, and

payload. The high frequency excitation created by the turbines, fans, and other operating

machinery, propagate very effectively in light structures and noise is transmitted throughout

the ship and in the spaces where Naval personnel is located.

A Fuzzy Logic physiology based evaluation method that links noise levels and time histories

to temporary and permanent damage has been created. The next step in the research is to link

the physiology based fuzzy logic metrics calculator, an Energy Finite Element Analysis

(EFEA) simulation that will enable fast running structural-acoustic simulations and

previously develop ship arrangement optimization methods together. The ultimate goal of

this research will be to produce optimized ship arrangements that can take into account

hearing loss and noise impact in early stage design.

Ship-Centric Markov Decision Process Framework

Sponsor: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Office of Naval Research and Naval Sea

Systems Command

Graduate Student: Mr. Austin Kana (GSRA Supported) Graduated January 2016, new

student TBD

Collaborators: Dr. Nathan Niese (Consultant, Boston Consulting Group)

Outreach: None

Recently a novel design evaluation framework that improves early stage design decisions

relating to environmental policy change and similar non-technical disturbances has been

completed. This research overcomes the traditional treatment of policy as a static, external

constraint and to address in early stage design the potential disruptions to performance posed

by regulatory policy change.

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Use of a Markov Decision Process (MDP) framework serves as a unifying foundation for

incorporating temporal activities into early stage design considerations. The framework

employs probabilistic methods via a state-based structure to holistically address policy

uncertainty. The method enables exploration of the performance of a design solution through

time in the face of environmental instabilities and identifies decisions necessary to negotiate

path dependencies. The outcome of the research is an advanced early stage ship design

framework for addressing life cycle management needs that arise due to policy change, as

judged from a life cycle cost perspective. This research is being expanded to include

department of defense acquisition strategies and requirements.

c.2 Past grants and contracts

1. “American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) – University of Michigan Center for Marine and

Offshore Design Performance,” $1,767,802, September 2013 - December 2015, PI: Steve

Ceccio, Participating Investigator: David Singer, Candidate’s share: $340,933, Support 2

GSRAs

2. U.S. Naval Sea Systems Command, “Creation of the Naval Engineering Education

Consortium (NEEC),” $49,936,853, May 2010 - September 2015, PI: Steve Ceccio, Co-

PI and Co-Director: David Singer - Professor Singer had no funded students on the

NEEC due to his administrative role and ethical concerns given his role as project

director.

Naval Engineering Education Center Research (NEEC)

Sponsor: Naval Sea Systems Command

Collaborators: 27 Universities

Research Projects: Over 130

Outreach: Over 1000 Students

As stated above Dr. Singer served as a Co-Director of the NEEC. Working with

Dr. Steve Ceccio (NEEC Director), Dr. Singer coordinated the development,

selection, execution, and evaluation of over 25 million dollars of research

projects over 5 years across the NEEC.

As with any funded research program technical outcomes and transition of the

funded research are of importance. The scientific and engineering work

performed by the NEEC project teams must address technical issues of the

sponsor. While the primary purpose of NEEC projects was and is student

development and recruitment, it is expected that all funded research would result

in useful outcomes for the Navy. Thus, it is expected that the work performed

had technical merit and that the project team performs that work at a rate that

yields acceptable technical progress.

In order to assess the success of the NEEC projects Dr. Singer worked with each

project’s Navy Technical Point of Contact (TPOC) to performs an annual

evaluation that reviews: 1) alignment to NEEC education needs; 2) technical

merit, applicability to Navy programs; 3) timeliness of results; and 4) potential

for transition to Navy. To date the NEEC has funded over 130 research projects.

15

As stated above, when the NEEC’s contract ended in September 2015 the U.S.

Navy decided to continue the NEEC and transition it into an internal U.S. Navy

program.

3. Office of Naval Research, “Tasking in the Areas of Naval Design Methodology, Tools,

Simulation and System Integration Coordinated by the Marine Research Center for

Advanced Naval Ship Design,” $2,145,413, April 2008 – December 2014, PI: David

Singer, Co-Investigators: Dr. Jignesh Patel (CS), Dr. Jing Sun (NAME), Dr. Nick

Vlahopoulus (NAME), Dr. Kevin Maki (NAME), Dr. Michael Parsons, Candidate’s

share: $2,075,000, Support 7 GSRAs

Dynamic Control of a Flexible Ship Production System

Navies around the world are plagued with cost and schedule overruns. The

primary reason for the cost growth has to do with design changes during the

construction phase. Military ships are densely packed with equipment, piping,

electrical, ventilation etc., which are called outfitting in the naval architecture

community. The reason for the cost increase is simple. If outfitting is

completed during the first stages of production it is the most cost efficient but if

the outfitting is not completed until the very last stages of production it is very

costly. This cost increase is due to access issues, interference issues, worker

ergonomic issues and the inefficient use of material and processes. The obvious

answer to this problem is to not complete outfit late but the reality of military

shipbuilding programs is that these issues do arise and we must develop methods

to mitigate the impact.

To address this issue research was conducted on the development of a production

control system that reduces the cost and schedule delay due to outfit issues

through the dynamic control of flexible queueing networks with the application

to shipbuilding. This research focused on developing a flexible ship production

framework that utilizes a CONstant Work in Process (CONWIP) control policy

to mitigate production delay and cost.

Utility-Based Real Option Framework

The U.S. Navy has a need for a framework to evaluate the total lifecycle

performance of flexible systems and architectures. Static budgetary techniques

and net present value (NPV) analysis underestimate the value of the embedded

“optionality” of flexible design features such as modular systems and design-for-

upgradability. The use of real options analysis (ROA) has been proposed to

correct this underestimation, however the theory is not universally applicable to

the naval domain because of key assumptions made by a real options approach.

This research is focused on resolving the key assumptions issues made by real

options methods and applying the method to naval ship design.

To resolve these issues a framework analogous to real options based on utility

theory and game theory, for naval applications that addresses some of the

shortfalls of traditional ROA was developed. The main attribute of the research

is that naval option valuation may be performed in the real space, instead of the

risk-neutral space, when value is expressed in terms of utility. The significance of

this is that there is no need for a market to provide the risk-neutral measure to

value naval options, when the payoff is expressed by utility, not currency. This is

because the investor (the U.S. Navy) will already be risk-neutral relative to their

16

utility function, according to utility theory. Game theory allows the framework to

build on this utility-based approach when the option(s) have a feedback affect on

the environment.

Network Theoretic Approach Design Framework

In an order to understand the complexity associated with advanced naval design

tools and their integration into the naval design process research was conducted

that used network theory to map the topology of an evolutionary solution space

of a developing ship design. The bounds of a solution space are typically pre-

determined by the tools used to resolve it, and these tools often have a “black

box” feel. For this research a network was constructed from a traditional ship

resistance analysis tool. This network was analyzed and insight from the structure

alone became available, attempting to eliminate the black box. Additionally an

initial static solution space network was analyzed for “core” and peripheral nodes

and edges. Core nodes and edges are those whose typical relationships and

functional evaluations are known, lesser complexity. Peripheral nodes and edges

are those whose relationships or existence is unknown, greater complexity.

Peripheral edges, and potentially nodes, are created with random (or semi-

random) edges to measure the effect on the network, susceptibility to unknown

change. By creating or manipulating edges and nodes in the periphery, the impact

on the network was observed and measured.

4. Naval Sea Systems Command, “Leading Edge Architecture for Prototyping Systems

Support,” $5,000,000 Level of Effort Contract, December 2008 - December 2013, PI:

David Singer, Participating Investigator: Robert Beck, Kevin Maki, Atul Prakash, Armin

Troesch, Candidate share: $1,049,645 out of $1,405,148 funded, Support 2 GSRAs

Heuristic Based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO)

During the design of large-scale engineering systems, such as ships, competing

objectives of multiple discipline analyzers must be taken into account. Currently,

tools such as MDO provide an automated method for analyzing tradeoffs

between competing discipline design objectives. While automated design

methods are useful in the design world, results are dependent on the fidelity of

models used to represent the system. For design spaces where computationally

expensive high fidelity tools are feasible, current MDO methods provide an

efficient method of exploring the design space. For large complex design spaces

where such tools are not readily available, a more heuristic approach is desirable

during early stages of design to identify preferred areas of the design space for

further evaluation.

A new MDO method that attempts to emulate the intuition and intent of an

Engineer when examining low fidelity models in early stages of design was

developed. The method uses the ideas of managing tradeoffs and modeling

discipline interactions from MDO, and adds knowledge to the system that allows

for decisions to be made on early design space models more like a human

designer. The original ideation of the idea was derived from Dr. Singer’s original

SBD research in which he created fuzzy logic preference curves. This work was

been extended as an optimization engine through the use of hierarchical fuzzy

logic controllers that have been successfully used to emulate the decision making

of human operators in complex system control. The newly developed method

provides a more heuristic approach to automated early stage design optimization

17

by extending the ideas of hierarchical fuzzy logic controllers to the design

process.

5. Office of Naval Research, “Development and Testing of a Hybrid Agent Approach for

Set-Based Conceptual Ship Design Through The Use of a Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Agent to

Facilitate Communications and Negotiation,” $300,000, April 2007 - December 2010, PI:

David Singer, Candidate’s share: $300,000, Support 1 GSRA

6. Office of Naval Research, “Evaluation of the Structure of the National Institute of

Aerospace as a Model for a Naval Ship Design Institute,” $23,940, January 2007 -

August 2010, PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share: 23,940

7. U.S. Naval Sea Systems Command, “NAVSEA Ship Production Sciences Program

Project: Design for Production - Early Stage Hull Form Development Utilizing

Multicriterion Optimization,” $81,306, September 2007 - April 2010, PI: David Singer,

Candidate’s share: $81,306, Support 1 GSRA

8. Great Lakes Maritime Research Institute, “Evaluation of Integrated Electric Plants for

Great Lakes Self-Unloaders,” $47,998, February 2009 - January 2010, PI: David Singer,

Candidate’s share: $47,998

9. Michigan Engineering Services (Phase-I ONR STTR), “Support for STTR Topic N06-

T016, Advanced System of Systems Design Capability,” $30,000, December 2006 - June

2008, PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share: $30,000

10. Naval Sea Systems Command, “SNSSDP 2007 - Summer Naval Surface Ship Design

Program,” $50,000, November 2006 - September 2007, PI: Dr. Armin Troesch, Co-PI:

David Singer, Candidate’s share: $11,000

11. Naval Sea Systems Command, “06UN-1 University Outreach, SPAC2,” $65,400, May

2006 - February 2007, PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share: $65,400, Support 1 GSRA

12. Naval Sea Systems Command, “Special Student Project - Total Ship Thermodynamics,”

$46,750, March 2006 - February 2007, PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share: $46,750,

Support 1 GSRA

13. Great Lakes Maritime Research Institute, “A Review of Great Lakes Shipbuilding and

Repair Capability: Past, Present, and Future,” $42,000, January 2006 - November 2007,

PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share: $42,000

c.3 Current grants and contracts

1. Office of Naval Research, “Distributed System and General Arrangements Design

Utilizing Complexity Theory for the Analysis of Architecture Implications,” $2,439,215,

June 2016 - May 2020, PI: David Singer, Participating Investigator: Professor Hans

Hopman (Delft University of Technology), Professor David Andrews (University College

London), Dr. Rachel Pawling (University College London), Candidate’s share:

$1,414,449, Support 2 GSRAs

18

2. Michigan Engineering Services (Phase-I NASA STTR), “Fusion of Modeling and

Simulation Credibility in Multidisciplinary Design,” $37,500, May 2015 - June 2016, PI:

David Singer, Candidate’s share: $37,500

3. Office of Naval Research, “A Contextual Multipartite Network Approach to Set-Based

Space Formulation for Naval Combatants,” $1,018,723, May 2014 - August 2019, PI:

David Singer, Candidate’s share: $1,018,723, Support 2 GSRAs

4. Office of Naval Research, “Preliminary Ship Design General Arrangements Naval

International Cooperative Opportunities in Science & Technology Program (NICOP)

Project,” $352,873, July 2011 - December 2016, PI: David Singer, Candidate’s share:

$352,873, Support 1 GSRA

5. Michigan Engineering Services (Prime Sponsor ONR), “Physiology Driven Ship Design

of Advanced Naval Vessels for Mitigation of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss,” $499,589,

October 2011 - August 2016, PI: David Singer, Co-PI: Dr. Paul Kileny, Candidate’s

share: $386,000, Support 1 GSRA

6. Michigan Engineering Services (Phase-II ONR STTR), “Support for STTR Topic N06-

T016 Advanced System of Systems Design Capability,” $900,000, November 2007 -

April 2018, PI: David Singer, Candidate share: $900,000, Support 2 GSRAs

c.4 New research directions

Dr. Singer’s new research direction in the area of Complexity Theory and Network Science

within the Naval ship design context is on track. This new area of research has recently been

awarded an ONR grant totally 2.4 million dollars. Additionally, Dr. Singer is currently

pursing opportunities to expand the newly developed Spectral Markov Decision Process

framework to the include methods that will enable rapid military engagement modeling

within the early stage design of naval combatant design. Lastly, Dr. Singer is pursuing

opportunities to expand his research to the automotive and aerospace domains.

c.5 Pending grants and contracts

None

c.6 Publications and scholarly presentations

Publication format may vary by discipline but should be consistent in casebook.

Underline the names of current graduate student(s) to whom you’ve provided significant

guidance listed among the authors;

Double underline the names of former graduate student(s) to whom you’ve provided

significant guidance listed among the authors;

Undergraduate students should be single underlined and noted by an asterisk * after their

name.

Daniels, A.S.# is a research specialist who worked for Dr. Singer.

Buckley, M.E.# is an adjunct research scientist who worked for Dr. Singer.

c.6.1 Full articles in refereed publications

(Full articles in refereed journals, transactions, or archives that have appeared or have

been accepted only)

19

1. Gray, A., and Singer, D.J., “A Hybrid Agent Type-1 Fuzzy Logic System for Set-

Based Conceptual Ship Design Communication and Negotiations,” Naval Engineer's

Journal, to be published December 2015

2. F. Dong, J. Deglise-Hawkinson, M. P. Van Oyen, and D. J. Singer, “Dynamic

Control of a Closed Two-Stage Queueing Network for Outfitting processes in

shipbuilding,” Computers & Operations Research, to be published in 2015

3. Gray, A., and Singer, D.J., “Applied set-based communications and negotiation

system,” Naval Engineer’s Journal, to be published September 2015

4. Nathan D. Niese, Austin A. Kana, and David J. Singer, “Ship Design Evaluation

Subject to Carbon Emission Policymaking Using a Markov Decision Process

Framework,” Ocean Engineering, Volume 106, Pages 371-385, September 2015

5. Morgan C. Parker and David J. Singer, “Analyzing the Dynamic Behavior of Marine

Design Tools Using Network Theory,” Ocean Engineering, Volume 106, Pages 227-

237, September 2015

6. Knight, J.T., Singer, D.J., and Collette, M.D., “Testing of a Spreading Mechanism to

Improve Diversity in Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization,” Optimization

and Engineering, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 279-302, June 2015

7. Knight, J.T., Collette, M.D., and Singer, D.J., “Design for Flexibility: Evaluating the

Option to Extend Service Life in Preliminary Structural Design,” Ocean Engineering,

Volume 96, Pages 68-78, March 2015

8. Knight, J.T., and Singer, D.J., “Prospect Theory-based Real Options Analysis for

Non-Commercial Assets,” ASME journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering

Systems, Part B. Mechanical Engineering, Volume 1, March 2015

9. Knight, Joshua T., Zahradka, Frank T., Singer, David J., and Collette, Matthew D.,

“Multiobjective Particle Swarm Optimization of a Planning Craft with Uncertainty,”

Journal of Ship Production and Design, Volume 30, Number 4, Pages 194-200,

November 2014

10. Rigterink, D., and Singer, D.J., “A Network Complexity Metric Based on Planarity

and Community Structure,” Journal of Complex Networks, Volume 2 Issue 3,

September 2014

11. Nathan D. Niese and David J. Singer, “Assessing Changeability Under Uncertain

Exogenous Disturbance,” Research in Engineering Design, Volume 25, Issue 3,

Pages 241-258, July 2014

12. Rigterink, D., Piks, R., and Singer, D., “The Use of Network Theory to Model

Disparate Ship Design Information,” International Journal of Naval Architecture and

Ocean Engineering, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 187-506, June 2014

http://link.springer.com/journal/11081/16/2/page/1

20

13. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M. P., and Singer, D. J., “Dynamic Control of "N" Queueing

Network with Application to Shipbuilding,” International Journal of Production

Research, Volume 52, Issue 4, Pages 967-984, February 2014

14. Niese, Nathan, and Singer, David, “Strategic Life Cycle Decision-Making for the

Management of Complex Systems Subject to Uncertain Environmental Policy,”

Ocean Engineering, Volume 72, Pages 365-374, November 2013

15. Gillespie, J.W., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Generating Functional Complex-

Based Ship Arrangements Using Network Partitioning and Community Preferences,”

Ocean Engineering, Volume 72, Pages 107-115, November 2013

16. Rigterink, D., Collette, M., and Singer, D. J., “A Method for Comparing Panel

Complexity to Traditional Material and Production Cost Estimating Techniques,”

Ocean Engineering, Volume 70, Pages 61-71, September 2013

17. Dong, F., Deglise-Hawkinson, J., Van Oyen, M. P., and Singer, D. J., “Analytical

Approach to a Two-Stage Queueing Network,” Journal of Ship Production and

Design, Volume 29, Number 3, Pages 136-141, August 2013

18. Gillespie, J.W., and Singer, D.J., “Identifying Drivers of General Arrangements

Through the Use of Network Measures of Centrality and Hierarchy,” Ocean

Engineering, Volume 57, Pages 230-239, January 2013

19. McKenney, T. A., Gray, A. W., Madrid, C.*, and Singer, D.J., “The Use of a Fuzzy

Logic Set-Based Design Tool to Evaluate Varying Complexities of Late-Stage

Design Changes,” Transactions of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects Part A:

International Journal of Maritime Engineering, Volume 154, Pages 179-189,

December 2012

Received the Royal Institution of Naval Architects W H C Nicholas Prize

Award The W H C Nicholas Prize which is awarded annually for the best

paper on a design related topic published in the Transactions by a member

under the age of 30.

20. Nam, J.H., Sohn, S., and Singer, D.J., “Estimation of Geometry-Based

Manufacturing Cost of Complex Offshore Structures in Early Design Stage,”

International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Volume 4,

Number 3, Pages 291-301, September 2012

21. Parsons, M.G., Singer, D.J., and Denomy, S.J.*, “Integrated Electric Plants in Future

Great Lakes Self-Unloaders,” Journal of Ship Production and Design, Volume 27,

Number 4, Pages 169-185, November 2011

Received Honorable Mention for the Society of Naval Architect and Marine

Engineers 2012 Vice Admiral E.L. Cochrane Award

22. He, J., Hannapel, S., Singer, D. J., and Vlahopoulos, N., “Multidisciplinary Design

Optimization of a Ship Hull Using Metamodels,” Journal of Ship Technology

Research, Volume 58, Number 3, Pages 156-167, September 2011

21

23. McKenney, T. A., Kemink, L. F., and Singer, D. J., “Adapting to Changes in Design

Requirements Using Set-Based Design,” Naval Engineers Journal, Volume 123,

Number 3, Pages 66-77, September 2011

24. Mebane, W.L., Carlson, C.M., Dowd, C., Singer, D.J., and Buckley, M.E.#, “Set-

Based Design and the Ship to Shore Connector,” Naval Engineers Journal, Volume

123, Number 3, Pages 79-92, September 2011

25. Daniels, A.S.#, Singer, D., and Parker, M., “Effects of Uncertainty in Fuzzy Utility

Values on General Arrangement Optimization,” Journal of Ship Technology

Research, Volume 57, Number 3, Pages 198-209, September 2010

26. Daniels, A.S.#, Tahmasbi, F., and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent Ship Arrangement (ISA)

Passage Variable Lattice Network Studies and Results,” Naval Engineers Journal,

Volume 122, Number 2, Pages107-119, June 2010

27. Gray, A.W., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Impacts of Fuzzy Logic Modeling for

Constraints Optimization,” Naval Engineers Journal, Volume 122, Number 2, Pages

115-127, June 2010

28. Thomas C. Rodzewicz, Jonathan H. Potterton, Katherine M. Lappe, Brent C.

Yezefski, and David J. Singer, “A New Approach to Ship Repair Utilizing CONWIP

and Parts Kits,” Journal of Ship Production and Design, Volume 26, Number 2,

Pages 155-162, May 2010

29. Dong, F., Parvin, H., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Innovative Ship Block

Assembly Production Control Utilizing a Flexible Curved Block Job Shop,” Journal

of Ship Production, Volume 25, Number 4, Pages 206-213, November 2009

30. Singer, D.J., Doerry, N., and Buckley, M.#, “What is Set-Based Design?,” Naval

Engineering Journal, Volume 121, Number 4, Pages 31-43, October 2009

31. Parsons, M.G., Singer, D.J., and Gaal, C.M., “Multicriterion Optimization of Stern

Flap Design,” Marine Technology, Volume 43, Number 1, January 2006

32. Parsons, M.G., Nam, J., and Singer, D. J., “A Scalar Metric for Assessing the

Producibility of a Hull Form in Early Design,” Journal of Ship Production, Volume

15, Number 2, May 1999

c.6.2 Shorter communications, letters or notes or briefs in refereed publications

None

c.6.3 Refereed conference or symposium proceedings papers

1. Morgan Parker and David Singer, “Comprehension of Design Synthesis

Utilizing Network Theory,” Proceedings of the 12th International Marine Design

Conference, May 11-15 2015, Tokyo, Japan, ISBN: 978-4-930966-04-9

22

2. Strickland, J., Sypniewski, M., and Singer, D.J., “Early Stage Design Integration of

Noise and Vibration Considerations,” Proceedings of the 12th International Marine

Design Conference, May 11-15 2015, Tokyo, Japan, ISBN: 978-4-930966-04-9

3. Jason Strickland and David Singer, “Impact of Error Propagation within a Design

Team through the Extension of Stream of Variation Method,” Proceedings of the

12th International Marine Design Conference, May 11-15 2015, Tokyo, Japan,

ISBN: 978-4-930966-04-9

4. Kana, A.A., Knight, J.T., Sypniewski, M.J., and Singer, D.J., “A Markov Decision

Process Framework for Analyzing LNG as Fuel in the Face of Uncertainty,”

Proceedings of the 12th International Marine Design Conference, May 11-15 2015,

Tokyo, Japan, ISBN: 978-4-930966-04-9

5. Shields, C.P.F., Rigterink, D.T., and Singer, D.J., “The Information Dual Network

and its Application to Naval Architecture,” Proceedings of the 12th International

Marine Design Conference, May 11-15 2015, Tokyo, Japan, ISBN: 978-4-930966-

04-9

6. Shields, C.P.F., Brefort, D., Parker, M.C., and Singer, D.J., “Adaptation of Path

Influence Methodology for Network Study of Iteration in Marine Design,”

Proceedings of the 12th International Marine Design Conference, May 11-15 2015,

Tokyo, Japan, ISBN: 978-4-930966-04-9

7. R. Pawling, R. Morandi, D. Andrews, C. Shields, E. Duchateau, D., Singer, D. J.

Andrews, and J. Hopman, “Manifestation of Style and its Use in the Design Process,”

Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer and Information

Technology Applications in the Maritime Industries (COMPIT), Redworth, United

Kingdom, May 2014

8. Knight, J.T., and Singer, D.J., “Applying Real Options Analysis to Naval Ship

Design,” Proceedings of American Society of Naval Engineers Day 2014:

Engineering America's Maritime Dominance, Arlington, VA, February 2014

9. Rigterink, D., Piks, R., and Singer, D.J., “The Use of Network Theory to Model

Disparate Ship Design Information,” Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on

Practical Design of Ships and Floating Structures, Changwon, Republic of Korea,

October 2013

10. Strickland, J.D., Kileny, P.R., and Singer, D.J., “The Use of Fuzzy Logic Design

Tools for Habitability Considerations,” Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on

Practical Design of Ships and Floating Structures, Changwon, Republic of Korea,

October 2013

11. Parker, M. C., and Singer, D. J., “The Impact of Design Tools: Looking for Insights

with a Network Theoretic Approach,” 12th International Conference on Computer

and Information Technology Applications in the Maritime Industries (COMPIT),

Cortona, Italy, April 2013

12. Pawling, R., Andrews, D., Piks, R., Singer, D.J., Duchateau, E., and Hopman, H.,

“An Integrated Approach to Style Definition in Early Stage Design,” Proceedings of

23

the 12th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology

Applications in the Maritime Industries (COMPIT), Cortona, Italy, April 2013

13. Buckley, M.E.#, Singer, D.J., and Mebane, W.L., “Designing for Flexibility with Set

Based Design: Observations from Ship-to-Shore Connector,” Proceedings of

American Society of Naval Engineers Day 2013: Engineering America's Maritime

Dominance, Arlington, VA, February 2013

14. Gray, A.W., Cuneo, B.J., Vlahopoulos, N., and Singer, D.J., “The Rapid Ship Design

Environment – Multi-Disciplinary Optimization of a U.S. Navy Frigate,”

Proceedings of American Society of Naval Engineers Day 2013: Engineering

America's Maritime Dominance, Arlington, VA, February 2013

15. Dong, F., Deglise-Hawkinson, J., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D. J., “Analytical

Approach to a Two- Stage Queueing Network for the Planning of Outfitting

Processes in Shipbuilding,” Proceedings from Society of Naval Architects and

Marine Engineers Annual Meeting and Ship Production Symposia, Providence, RI,

October 2012

16. Hannapel, S., Vlahopoulos, N., and Singer, D. J., “Including Principles of Set-Based

Design in Multidisciplinary Design Optimization,” Proceedings from 12th AIAA

Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations (ATIO) Conference and 14th

AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, Indianapolis,

IN, September 2012

17. Andrews, D., Pawling, R., Gillespie, J.W., Singer, D.J., Duchateau, E., and Hopman,

H., “State of the Art Report: Design for Layout,” Proceedings of the 11th

International Marine Design Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

18. Andrews, D., Papanikolaou, A., and Singer, D.J., “State of the art report on design

for X,” Proceedings of the 11th International Marine Design Conference, Glasgow,

Scotland, June 2012

19. Knight, J.T., and Singer, D.J., “A Real Options Approach to Valuing Flexible

Architectures in Ship Design,” Proceedings of the 11th International Marine Design

Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

20. McKenney, T. A., Buckley, M. E.#, and Singer, D. J., “Differentiating Set-Based

Design from other Design Methods and the Cultural Challenges of Implementation,”

Proceedings of the 11th International Marine Design Conference, Glasgow,

Scotland, June 2012

21. Gillespie, J.W., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Approaching Ship Arrangements

from a Non-Spatial Point of View Using Network Theory,” Proceedings of the 11th

International Marine Design Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

22. Parker, M.C., and Singer, D.J., “Flexibility and Modularity in Ship Design : An

Analytical Approach,” Proceedings of the 11th International Marine Design

Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

24

23. Rigterink, D., Collette, M., and Singer, D.J., “A Novel Structural Complexity Metric

and its Impact on Structural Cost Estimating,” Proceedings of the 11th International

Marine Design Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

24. Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent Ship Arrangement (ISA) Space

Projection Methodology,” Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on

Computer Applications and Information Technology in the Maritime Industries,

Liege, Belgium, April 2012

25. McKenney, T.A., and Singer, D.J., “Determining the Influence of Variables for

Functional Design Groups in the Set-Based Design Process,” Proceedings of

American Society of Naval Engineers Day 2012: Naval Warfare - Critical

Engineering Challenges, Arlington, VA, February 2012

26. Gillespie, J.W., and Singer, D.J., “Helping Bridge the Gap Between Space-Only

Arrangements and Distributed System Layouts,” Proceedings of American Society of

Naval Engineers Day 2012: Naval Warfare - Critical Engineering Challenges,

Arlington, VA, February 2012

27. Bybee, J., Burnett, P., Buckley, M.E.#, and Singer, D.J., “Applying Lessons Learned

From Manufacturing to Systems Engineering,” Proceedings of American Society of

Naval Engineers Day 2012: Naval Warfare - Critical Engineering Challenges,

Arlington, VA, February 2012

28. Gray, A.W., and Singer, D.J., “Applied Set-Based Communications and Negotiations

System,” Proceedings American Society of Naval Engineers, Human Systems

Integration Symposium 2011, Vienna, VA, October 2011

29. Buckley, M.E.#, and Singer, D.J., “Capturing Decision Making Needs for Design

Affordability and Flexibility: Bridging the SE-HSI Gap,” Proceedings American

Society of Naval Engineers, Human Systems Integration Symposium 2011, Vienna,

VA, October 2011

30. Gillespie, J.W., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J, “Decomposing Ship Arrangements

Using Signed Networks,” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on

Computer Applications in Shipbuilding, Trieste, Italy, September 2011

31. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M. P., and Singer, D. J., “Dynamic Control of the Flexible

Shipbuilding System under CONWIP Release,” Proceedings of the 15th

International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding, Trieste, Italy,

September 2011

32. Parker, M., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent Ship Arrangements:

Reseeding Scheme Development and Effectiveness.” Proceedings of the 15th

International Conference on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding, Trieste, Italy,

September 2011

33. Niese, N., and Singer, D.J., “Lifecycle Decision-making under Uncertain

Environmental Policy using Nonstationary Markov Decision Processes,”

Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer Applications in

Shipbuilding, Trieste, Italy, September 2011

25

34. McKenney, T.A., Gray, A.W., Madrid, C.*, and Singer, D.J., “The Use of a Fuzzy

Logic Set-Based Design Tool To Evaluate Complexities of Late-Stage Design

Changes,” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Computer

Applications in Shipbuilding, Trieste, Italy, September 2011

35. Knight, J.T., Zahradka, F.T., Singer, D.J., and Collette, M.D., “Multi-objective

Particle Swarm Optimization of a Planning Craft with Uncertainty,” Proceedings of

11th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation, Honolulu, HI, September

2011

36. Cuneo, B.J., Maki, K.J., and Singer, D.J., “Applying Soft Constraints to Multi-

Disciplinary Design Optimization Using Fuzzy Utility Functions,” Proceedings of

11th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation, Honolulu, HI, September

2011

37. Daniels, A.S.#, Parker, M., and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent Ship Arrangement (ISA)

Passage Variable Lattice Network Templating Application,” Proceedings of the 10th

International Conference on Computer Applications and Information Technology in

the Maritime Industries, Berlin, Germany, May 2011

38. T. A. McKenney, L. Kemink, and D. J. Singer, “Adapting to Changes in Design

Requirements using Set-Based Design,” Proceedings of American Society of Naval

Engineers Day 2011: Thinking Outside the Hull, Arlington, VA, February 2011

39. Mebane, W.L., Carlson, C.M., Dowd, C., Singer, D.J., and Buckley, M.E., “Set-

Based Design and the Ship to Shore Connector,” Proceedings of American Society of

Naval Engineers Day 2011: Thinking Outside the Hull, Arlington, VA, February

2011

40. He, J., Hannapel, S., Singer, D.J., and Vlahopoulos, N., “Multi-discipline Hull Form

Ship Design,” Proceedings of American Society of Naval Engineers Day 2011:

Thinking Outside the Hull, Arlington, VA, February 2011

41. Niese, N., and Singer, D.J., “Future Environmental Policy Decision-Making for

Preliminary Ship Design,” The 11th International Symposium on Practical Design of

Ships and Other Floating Structures, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, September 2010

42. Gray, A.W., and Singer, D.J., “An Application of a Fuzzy Logic Type-2 Modeling

Approach On a Set-Based Ship Design Experiment,” The 11th International

Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures, Rio de

Janeiro, Brazil, September 2010

43. Gillespie, J.W., and Singer, D.J., “An Agent-Based Framework for Simultaneously

Arranging Spaces, Components, and Systems,” The 11th International Symposium on

Practical Design of Ships and Other Floating Structures, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,

September 2010

44. Daniels, A.S.#, Parker, M., and Singer, D.J., “Effects of Uncertainty in Fuzzy Utility

Values on General Arrangements Optimization,” Proceedings of the 9th

26

International Conference on Computer Applications and Information Technology in

the Maritime Industries, Gubbio, Italy, April 2010

45. Gillespie, J. W., Van Eseltine, R. K., Van Eseltine, R. T., Ames, B., and Singer, D. J.,

“Splitting LEAPS Goberized Solids (ReGoberization),” Proceedings of American

Society of Naval Engineers Day 2010 Engineering the Affordable Global Navy

Through Innovation, Arlington, VA, April 2010

46. Daniels, A.S.#, Tahmasbi, F., and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent Ship Arrangement (ISA)

Passage Variable Lattice Network Studies and Results,” Proceedings of American

Society of Naval Engineers Day 2010 Engineering the Affordable Global Navy

Through Innovation, Arlington, VA, April 2010

47. Gray, A.W., Daniels, A.S.#, and Singer, D.J., “Impacts of Fuzzy Logic Modeling on

Constraints Optimizations,” Proceedings of American Society of Naval Engineers

Day 2010 Engineering the Affordable Global Navy Through Innovation, Arlington,

VA, April 2010

48. Daniels, A.S.#, Tahmasbi, F., and Singer, D.J., “Intelligent ship arrangement (ISA)

methodology improvements and capability enhancements,” Proceedings of the 10th

International Marine Design Conference, Trondheim, Norway, May 2009

49. Papanikolaou, A., Andersen, P., Kristensen, H.O., Levander, K, Riska, K., Singer,

D.J., McKenney, T.A., and Vassalos, D., “State of the Art Report on Design for X,”

Proceedings of the 10th International Marine Design Conference, Trondheim,

Norway, May 2009

50. Rigterink, D., and Singer, D.J., “An Assessment of Producibility of a Stiffened Hull

Plate in Early Design Stage,” Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on

Computer Applications and Information Technology in the Marine Industries,

Budapest, Hungry, May 2009

51. Singer, D.J., Doerry, N., and Buckley, M.E.#, “What is Set-Based Design?,”

Proceedings of ASNE Day 2009 Naval Engineering in Support of the 21st Century

Maritime Strategy, National Harbor, MD, April 2009

52. Gray, A.W., and Singer, D.J., “Impacts of Type-2 Fuzzy Modeling Approach on Set-

Based Design, Based On Results from an Existing Hybrid Agent Design

Experiment,” Proceedings of the 2008 International Simulation Multi-conference

(ISMc'08), Edinburgh, Scotland, June 2008

53. Souza, C., and Singer, D.J., “Block Erection Scheduling Optimization,” Presented at

the Great Lakes and Great Rivers Section of Society of Naval Architects and Marine

Engineers Meeting, March 2007

54. Singer, D.J., and Parsons, M.G., “Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Fuzzy Logic

Software Agent to Aid Design Team Negotiation and Communication,” Proceedings

of the 2nd International Conference on Computer Applications and Information

Technology in the Maritime Industries, Hamburg, Germany, May 2003

27

55. Parsons, M. G., and Singer, D.J., “A Fuzzy Logic Agent for Design Team

Communications and Negotiations,” Proceedings of the 1st International Conference

on Computer Applications and Information Technology in the Maritime Industries,

Potsdam, Germany, March 2000

56. Parsons, M. G., Singer, D.J., and Sauter, J. A., “A Hybrid Agent Approach for Set-

Based Conceptual Ship Design,” Proceedings of the 10th International Conference

on Computer Applications in Shipbuilding, Cambridge, MA, June 1999

57. Parsons, M.G., Nam, J.-H., and Singer, D.J., “A Scalar Metric for Assessing the

Producibility of a Hull From in Early Design,” presented at the Great Lakes and

Great Rivers Section of Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Meeting,

October 1998

58. Singer, D.J., Wood, E. A., and Lamb, T., “A Trade-Off Analysis Tool for Ship

Designers,” Proceedings of ASNE/SNAME From Research to Reality in Ship Systems

Engineering Symposium, Washington, D.C., September 1998

c.6.4 Refereed conference summaries or abstracts

1. Dong, F., Deglise-Hawkinson, J., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic

Control of A Closed Two-Stage Queueing Network for Ship Outfitting Process,”

INFORMS Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ, October 2012

2. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Control of a Closed Two-

stage Queueing Network for Ship Production with Outfitting,” IIE Annual

Conference, Orlando, FL, May 2012

3. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Control of an "N" Queueing

Network with Application to Shipbuilding,” INFORMS Annual Conference,

Charlotte, NC, November 2011

4. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Scheduling of a Flexible "N"

Queueing Network under CONWIP,” INFORMS Annual Conference, Charlotte, NC,

November 2011

5. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Control of a Flexible

Shipbuilding System under CONWIP Discipline,” INFORMS Midwest Regional

Conference, Columbus, Ohio, August 2011

6. Gillespie, J.W., and Singer, D.J., “Gaining insight into the structure of an early-stage

ship design,” Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Complex

Systems, Quincy, MA, June 2011

7. Rigterink, D., and Singer, D.J., “A Producibility Metric for a Three Dimensional

Stiffened Box Structure,” Shiptech, Biloxi, MS, March 2011

8. Dong, F., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Control of Flexible Queueing

Network with Application to Shipbuilding,” INFORMS Annual Conference, Austin,

TX, November 2010

28

9. Dong, F., Parvin, H., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Dynamic Control of "N"

Queueing Network with Application to Shipbuilding,” 21st Annual POMS

Conference, Vancouver, Canada, May 2010

10. Dong, F., Parvin, H., Van Oyen, M.P., and Singer, D.J., “Innovative Ship Block

Assembly Production Control Utilizing a Flexible Curved Block Job Shop,” Winter

Simulation Conference Doctoral Colloquium, Miami, Florida, December 2008

c.6.5 Abstracts in non-refereed conference proceedings

None

c.6.6 Books

None

c.6.7 Chapters in books

None

c.6.8 Book reviews

None

c.6.9 Government, university, or industrial reports (non-refereed)

1. Singer, D.J., Gillespie. J.W., Hopman, H., Duchateau, E., Andrews, D., and Pawling,

R., “Preliminary Ship Design General Arrangements Naval International Cooperative

Opportunities in Science & Technology Program (NICOP) Project: Year 1 Interim

Report for Project #N00014-11-1-0847,” Office of Naval Research, 2012

2. Wdziekonski, M., and Singer, D.J., “Shipbuilding Simulation Teaching Tool User

Manual,” Final Report for Project 06-4640, March 2008

3. Singer, D.J., “A Review of Great Lakes Shipbuilding and Repair Capability: Past,

Present and Future,” The Great Lakes Maritime Research Institute Annual Report,

Report Number GLMRI-2007-0001, November 2007

4. Gatliff, R., and Singer, D.J., “Possibilities for Navy Energy Savings,” Final Report for

Project 06-3384 Task 1, May 2007

5. Gatliff, R., and Singer, D.J., “Energy Tracking and Planning in Navy Ships: Excel /

Visio Diagram Tool for Energy Accounting,” Final Report for Project 06-3384 Task 2,

May 2007

6. Parsons, M.G., Singer, D.J., and Gaal, C., “Stern Flap Preliminary Design Optimization

Program – User’s Manual,” University of Michigan, Department of Naval Architecture

and Marine Engineering, November 2004

29

7. Parsons, M.G., Li, J., and Singer, D.J., “Michigan Conceptual Ship Design Software

Environment User’s Manual,” University of Michigan, Department of Naval

Architecture and Marine Engineering, Report Number 338, July 1998

c.6.10 Publications in popular press/magazines

1. Thomas McKenney and David Singer, “Set-Based Design,” Marine Technology

Magazine, Pages 51-55, July 2014

2. T. A. McKenney, A. W. Gray, C. Madrid*, and D. J. Singer, “Evaluating Ship

Design Changes using a Fuzzy Logic Set-Based Design Tool,” The Naval Architect,

Pages 38–41, April 2012

3. Hammersborg, A., Madsen, R., Kemnitz, J., and Singer, D.J. “Designing a Steel Slab

Carrier,” Great Lakes Seaway Review, Volume38, Number 2, December 2009

4. Singer, D.J., “Capacity to Meet Demand,” Great Lakes Seaway Review, Volume 47,

Number 2, December 2008

c.6.11 Other submitted publications

c.6.12 Invited presentations

1. The Department of Defense Computational Research and Engineering Acquisition

Tools and Environments (CREATE) Program Developers’ Review Naval Air Station

Patuxent River, “Set-Based Design - An Effective Approach to Complex Design

Problems,” Patuxent River, Maryland, March 2015

2. Delft University of Technology Invited Lecture, “Set Reduction Through the use of a

Markov Decision Process,” Delft, Netherlands, September 2014

3. Newcastle University Invited Lecture, “Set-Based Design Flexibility: Observations

from the Ship-to-Shore Connector Program,” Newcastle, England, May 2014

4. Research and Technology Organization (RTO) Applied Vehicle Technology (AVT)

NATO AVT RTG-238 Workshop, “Naval Design from a New Perspective:

Overview of Alternative Methods for Design Creation and Analysis,” Bethesda,

Maryland, March 2014

5. Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI) Foundation and

the Atlantic Center for the Innovative Design and Control of Small Ships (ACCeSS)

Educating Naval Engineers in the 21st Century Workshop, “Naval Engineering

Education Center,” London, England, December 2012

6. 11th International Marine Design Conference, “Design for Ship Production: Current

State of the Art,” Glasgow, Scotland, June 2012

7. Marine Community Day, “Integrated Electric Plants for Great Lakes Vessels,”

Cleveland, Ohio, February 2010

30

8. Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Naval Sea Systems command (NAVSEA) and

the U.S. Office of Secretary of Defense High performance computing Modernization

Program office (HPCMPO) Ship Design Process Workshop III, “A Fuzzy Logic

Communications and Negotiation Agent for Set-Based Conceptual Naval Ship

Design,” Bethesda, Maryland, April 2009

9. University of Ulsan department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering,

“Impacts of Type-2 Fuzzy Modeling Approach On Set-Based Design, Based On

Results from an Existing Hybrid Agent Design Experiment,” Ulsan South Korea, July

2008

10. University of Ulsan department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering,

“Intelligent Ship Arrangements (ISA): a New Approach to General Arrangements,”

Ulsan South Korea, July 2008

11. Office of Naval Research (ONR), the Naval Sea Systems command (NAVSEA) and

the OSD’s High performance computing Modernization Program office (HPCMPO)

Ship Design Process Workshop I, “Set-Based Naval Ship Design,” Bethesda,

Maryland, May 2008

12. Ship-to-Shore Connector Program Workshop, “Ship-to-Shore Connector Set-Based

Design Approach,” Washington, D.C., March 2008

13. Joint Maritime Assault Connector (JMAC) Preliminary Design Workshop, “Set-

Based Design Strategies,” Washington, D.C., November 2007

14. CGx Next Generation Cruiser Readiness Conference, “Set-Based Design Execution

within Naval Ship Design,” Washington, D.C., July 2007

c.7 Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship

c.7.1 US and international patents awarded (inventors, title, number, date issued)

None

c.7.2 Provisional patents and patents pending (inventors, title, date submitted)

None

c.7.3 Invention disclosures submitted (inventors, title, date submitted)

None

c.7.4 Licensing and technology transfer

None

31

c.7.5 Startups and entrepreneurial activities

Co-Founder and Chief Scientist, TrueSet Solutions, Ann Arbor Michigan (2009 -

Present)

TrueSet Solutions is minority-owned small Michigan business that specializes in

Set-Based Design implementation and Information Systems. Through a

partnership with Campfire Interactive, TrueSet has developed a SBD Design

Management Platform (DMP) that provides the adaptive support to bridge

organization and process for successful SBD execution. This is achieved through

SBD process tailoring, progress tracking, set reduction decisions support and

design decision repository.

c.7.6 Other major technology transfer activities

Intelligent Ship Arrangements (ISA)

The Intelligent Ship Arrangements (ISA) system, delivery by Dr. Singer and his

research team, is a US Navy Leading Edge Architecture for Prototyping System

(LEAPS) software system that assists the designer in developing rationally-based

arrangements that satisfy the design specific needs as well as general Navy

requirements and standard practices to the maximum extent practicable. The ISA

program was transitioned to Dr. Singer in 2007 and was completely reformulated and

redesigned from 2007 - 2012. ISA is based on a three-dimensional arrangements

optimization system that utilizes a highly effective fuzzy utility methods and a hybrid

agent-Genetic Algorithm. ISA contains over 500,000 lines of code and is currently in

alpha testing as part of the U.S. Navy’s ship design software system.

Set-Based Design

In 2008 Commander of the Naval Sea Systems Command, sent out a letter entitled:

Ship Design and Analysis Tool Goals. The purpose of the widely distributed

memorandum was to state the requirements and high-level capability goals for

NAVSEA design synthesis and analysis tools. In this memo, Admiral Sullivan

expressed the need for evolving models and analysis tools to be compatible with,

among other things, Set-Based Design (SBD). Admiral Sullivan’s memo was a

major step towards improving ship design programs with new, more powerful

analytical support tools. SBD is a complex design theory that requires a shift in how

one thinks about and manages design. The set-based design paradigm can replace

point based design construction with design discovery; it allows more of the design

effort to proceed concurrently and defers detailed specifications until tradeoffs are

more fully understood.

From the end of 2007 to the end of 2009 Dr. Singer had the privilege of becoming a

team member of the Navy’s Ship-to-Shore connector program. The Ship-to-Shore

Connector (SSC) is the US Navy’s replacement for the aging Landing Craft Air

Cushion (LCAC) vessel. Until the SSC Preliminary design, SBD was an academic

promise. Dr. Singer's efforts in successfully applying SBD to the SSC proved that

SBD works in practice, not just in an academic environment. Dr. Singer’s role in the

SSC program was two fold. Dr. Singer was responsible for the education of the

design team in the theory of SBD as well as the actual execution of the SBD process

within the SSC development program. This was the first execution of SBD for a

Naval design acquisition program and the preliminary design was complete on

32

schedule, less than 10% over the original budget and with none of the traditional

design margins used.

In the past, the Navy has had difficulty using classic point-based spiral design

methods to produce optimal, converged designs during the amount of time allocated

for each stage of design. The result has been large growth in non-recurring

engineering and schedule slippage. The SSC program demonstrated that SBD is a

viable alternative design process that can achieve considerable savings in time and

resources.

Since the SSC program Dr. Singer has help institutionalized SBD by its incorporation

into the Navy's Ship Design Manager (SDM) and Ship Integration Manager (SIM)

Manual. The Navy's early stage ship design tool environment has also embraced

SBD and is actively implementing Dr. Singer's work into tools for the Navy's future

ship designs.

c.7.7 Industry interactions (consulting arrangements, board memberships, etc.)

1. Expert Witness for the Department of Justice (2015)

Dr. Singer is an expert witness for the case United Staves v. Bollinger, et al.:

(2:12-cv-00920-SSV-ALC), E. D. La.

2. Michigan Engineering Services, Ann Arbor, MI (2006 – Present)

Dr. Singer has several active projects with MES

3. Science Applications International Corporation, Washington, D.C. (2010)

Dr. Singer provided SBD consulting services for the DARPA funded Anti-

submarine warfare (ASW) Continuous Trail Unmanned Vessel (ACTUV)

4. Washington State Auditor’s Office, Seattle, Washington (2012)

Dr. Singer provided ship production support in a performance audit report titled.

Washington State Ferries: Vessel Construction Costs

5. Naval Sea Systems Command (2007-2009)

From the end of 2007 to the end of 2009 Dr. Singer had the privilege of

becoming a team member of the Navy’s Ship-to-Shore connector program.

c.8 Outreach Directly Related to Research

None

33

c.9 Other

None

d. Service

d.1 Major committee assignments in the Department, College, and/or University

(Name of committee, dates, member or chair status)

Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Faculty Search Committee,

September 2015 - present, member

d.2 Administrative duties at U of M

Faculty responsible for the new Minor in Naval Engineering (2014 -present)

Member of the Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Math Ph.D. Qualifying exam

committee (2013 - Present)

Member of the University of Michigan College of Engineering Library Advisory

Committee (2014 - Present)

Faculty Advisor to Quarterdeck Society (Naval Architecture Department Student Honor

Society) (2006 - present)

Co-Director of the NEEC (2010 - 2015)

Faculty Advisor to M.Eng. (Concurrent Marine Design) Program (2006 - 2013)

The Master of Engineering in Concurrent Marine Design is a 30 minimum credit-hour

product development professional degree program that provides the background

demanded by a marine design environment capable of integrating basic engineering

principles with manufacturing agility and life cycle cost. M.Eng. students must complete

NA 579 (Concurrent Marine Design Team Project) which is an industrial related team

project for Master's of Engineering Concurrent Marine Design degree program. Dr.

Singer was not only responsible for advising students in the M.Eng program but finding

sponsors for the NA 579 projects.

d.3 Service to government or professional organizations, and service on review board/study

panels

Editorial Activities

• Editor, Journal of Ship Production and Design (October 2010 – January 2016)

Member, Editorial Board (January 2016 – present)

The Journal of Ship Production and Design is one of the journals published by the

Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. It publishes original and timely

technical papers addressing problems of shipyard techniques and the design and

34

production of merchant and naval ships. Since its inception, the Journal of Ship

Production and Design (formerly the Journal of Ship Production) has been a forum for

peer-reviewed, professionally edited papers from academic and industry sources. As

such it has influenced the worldwide development of ship production engineering as a

fully qualified professional discipline. The expanded scope seeks papers in additional

areas, specifically ship design, including design for production, plus other marine

technology topics, such as ship operations, shipping economics, and safety.

JSPD uses conventional, single-blind peer review. Two reviews are required per paper,

reviewers can be suggested by the authors (or reviewers to be excluded), however, one

of the journal editors makes the final determination. The review standard is consistent

with top-quality academic journals (Ocean Engineering, JSR etc.), namely that the

content be original and have archival value (e.g. not direct applications or a repeat of

already-available data).

Conference Appointments

• Member of the International Marine Design Conference Executive Committee (2013 -

present)

• Session Chair 11th International Marine Design Conference, Glasgow, Scotland (June

2012)

• Session Chair NATO Research and Technology Organisation (RTO) Applied Vehicle

Technology (AVT) Panel Workshop Entitled “Virtual Prototyping of Affordable Military

Vehicles Using Advanced MDO”, Sofia, Bulgaria (May 2011)

Professional Society

• Member, Awards Committee, SNAME (2015)

• Faculty Advisor to Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Student Section

(2006 - present)

• Member of the Ship Design Committee, a joint committee between the Society of Naval

Architects and Marine Engineers and the American Society of Naval Engineers (2006 -

present)

Government and Industry

• Participant in the Shipbuilding Engineering Education Consortium (SEEC) Workshop.

The result of this workshop was the catalyst that created the NEEC BAA (May 2009)

• ONR Innovative Naval Prototype (INP) seminar war-game participant (November 2006)

35

d.4 Contribution to diversity and climate

Commencement Marshal (Spring 2012, Winter 2012)

Ms. Rebecca Piks Rackham Merit Fellowship (RMF) Award (September 2012). Dr.

Singer successfully recruited and nominated Ms. Piks for a RMF. Ms. Piks is also a

Federal Pell Grant recipient.

The Science, Mathematics And Research for Transformation (SMART) Scholarship

Panel Member (January 2009)

d.5 Outreach that is not part of research or teaching, or entrepreneurship

None

d.6 Mentoring activities involving junior faculty members or post-doctoral scholars

1. Austin Kana, Post-Doctoral Scholar, 2016

2. Joshua Knight, Post-Doctoral Scholar, 2014

3. Fang Dong, Post-Doctoral Scholar, 2013

4. Nathan Niese, Post-Doctoral Scholar, 2012

5. Alexander Gray, Post-Doctoral Scholar, 2011

d.7 Other

e. Summary of contributions to teaching, research, service and major impact

Major Impact

Dr. David Singer is an Assistant Professor in the Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering

department at University of Michigan College of Engineering. He is the director of the Advanced

Naval Concepts Research Laboratory, director of the NAVSEA Ship Production Science Program,

and was co-director of the Naval Engineering Education Center (NEEC). He conducts research in

the areas of ship design theory, design optimization, and ship production. To date Dr. Singer:

Has been selected for the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Young Investigator Program

(YIP) award;

Working with Professor Steve Ceccio created and Co-Directing the $50 million Naval

Engineering Education Center;

Received over $9 million of research funding;

Secured a $5 million sole source level of effort contract with the U.S. Navy;

Graduated 11 PhD students since 2011;

Institutionalized SBD within the U.S. Navy; and

Was Editor of The Journal of Ship Production and Design.

36

Research

Set-Based Design in Naval Ship Design

Dr. Singer has expertise in Set Based Design (SBD) as applied to ship design. As a critical member

of the Navy's Ship-to-Shore Connector (SSC) program during its preliminary design, he educated

the design team on SBD theory and managed the SBD process within the overall design effort.

This was the first time SBD was employed in a Navy design acquisition program and Dr. Singer

has been involved with the introduction and use of SBD in the Navy’s Ohio replacement program,

CGx program and DDG 51 Flight III programs.

Since the successful implementation of SBD on SSC, Dr. Singer has significantly advanced SBD

methods. Drawing off his previous work in applying fuzzy logic agents to SBD, he extended the

method by introducing Type-2 Fuzzy Logic to add consideration for uncertainty in the evaluation of

the set range. Most recently, Dr. Singer applied design space mapping methods and Markov

Decision Process methods to SBD. The combination of these two approaches improves a designer's

ability to understand how a decision to narrow the design space impacts the relationships among

design variables and performance metrics.

Ship Arrangements

The University of Michigan Intelligent Ship Arrangements (ISA) system has been delivered and

will become part of the U.S. Navy’s Rapid Ship Design Environment which is the main ship design

and analysis software used by the Navy.

Dr. Singer’s current ship arrangement research has shifted away from the current trajectory toward

higher-fidelity 3-D layout models and re-vector toward a perspective that focuses on understanding

and inherently respects the fundamental underlying relationships among elements within those

models. This is being achieved through the use of network science to re-envision the layout

problem from a new perspective. In this view, design relationships are information inputs into

layout-related analyses rather than only post-processors for evaluating layouts. This is consistent

with existing design processes where human designers attempt to keep relevant relationships in the

back of their mind at all times to inform decisions.

Design Decision Frameworks

As stated earlier, Dr. Singer’s research is focused on one primary goal; “how can the design of

complex Naval combatants be improved?” This has been achieved by focusing on how complex

design teams interact and evolve a design as well as developing methods that bring traditional late

stage design activities into early stage design. These goals are being achieved through the

development of early stage design decisions frameworks. The current novel design evaluation

frameworks are:

Network Theoretic Approach Design Framework

Ship-Centric Markov Decision Process Framework

Utility-Based Real Option Framework

Multidisciplinary Decision Making Heuristic Framework

Dynamic Control of Flexible Ship Production Framework

Service

Dr. Singer’s service contributions span across the professional marine industry, university and

national STEM initiatives. Within the marine industry professional societies, Dr. Singer has been a

member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME) Ship Design

Committee, member of the SNAME awards committee and is the Faculty Advisor for the SNAME

37

student section. From 2010 – 2016 Dr. Singer was the editor of SNAME’s Journal of Ship

Production and Design (JSPD). JSPD is the leading peer reviewed journal focused on ship

production and ship design.

In the spring of 2012 it was announced that Dr. Singer had been nominated to serve as an

international committee member for the 2015 International Marine Design Conference (IMDC).

IMDC is one of the premiere peer reviewed conferences in the marine field. It is held every three

years and for the marine industry it is a very large conference with an average of over 100 peer-

reviewed papers presented.

Within the university and department Dr. Singer has served as a faculty advisor for the

department’s honors society and co-faculty advisor for the two-time champion AUVSI team.

In 2007, 2009 and then again in 2013 Dr. Singer’s service to the students was honored by the

students awarding him the Outstanding Faculty Member in Naval Architecture and Marine

Engineering by the Quarterdeck Society.

Lastly Dr. Singer has served the University by serving on or assisted in over eleven PhD

committees.

Teaching

Dr. Singer is the sole faculty within the department responsible for teaching the required ship

production portion of naval architecture and marine engineering curriculum. He teaches both a

required undergraduate (NA 260) and graduate (NA 562) courses in ship production. In 2006 Dr.

Singer completed a major revision of NA 562. NA 562 was transformed from a low quality

shipyard operations course to a true graduate course that goes through the systematic description of

the underlying behavior of manufacturing systems put into the context of shipbuilding. The course

addresses shipyard and boat yard business and product strategy definition, operations planning and

scheduling, performance measurement, process control and improvement strategies.

Documents

Curriculum Vitae a. Candidate Information · 2019-10-08 · 1 Curriculum Vitae a. Candidate Information a.1 Personal a.1.1 Name David J. Singer a.1.2 Education Ph.D. University of