SINGHANIA UNIVERSITY

CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS

Elective Subjects

Elective I Elective II Elective III Elective IV

(A)Biomedical Instrumentation

(A) Environmental Instrumentation

(A)Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation

(A) Instrumentation in Agriculture

(B) Laser based Instrumentation

(B) Nano Instrumentation

(B) Fiber Optic Instrumentation

(B) Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

(C) Advanced Control Systems

(C) Advanced Digital Signal Processing

(C) Process Modeling and Optimization

(C) Digital Image Processing

(D) Building Automation-I

(D) Automobile Instrumentation

(D) Building Automation-II

Open Elective

Semester I (Engineering Mathematics-I)

Unit 1 Matrices: Rank, Normal form, System of Linear Equations, Linear Dependence and Independence, Linear and Orthogonal Transformations. Eigen values, Eigen Vectors, Cayley – Hamilton Theorem. Application to problems in Engineering (Translation and Rotation of Matrix). Unit 2 Complex Numbers & Applications: Argand’s Diagram, De'Moivre's theorem and its application to find roots of algebraic equations. Hyperbolic Functions, Inverse Hyperbolic Functions, Logarithm of Complex Numbers, Separation into Real and Imaginary parts, Application to problems in Engineering. Unit 3 Infinite Series: Infinite Sequences, Infinite Series, Alternating Series, Tests for Convergence, Absolute and Conditional Convergence, Range of Convergence. Differential Calculus: Successive Differentiation, Leibnitz Theorem. Unit 4 Expansion of Functions: Taylor's Series and Maclaurin's Series. Differential Calculus: Indeterminate Forms, L' Hospital's Rule, Evaluation of Limits. Unit 5 Partial Differentiation and Applications: Partial Derivatives, Euler's Theorem on Homogeneous Functions, Implicit functions, Total Derivatives, Change of Independent Variables. Unit 6 Jacobian: Jacobians and their applications. Errors and Approximations. Maxima and Minima: Maxima and Minima of Functions of two variables, Lagrange's method of undetermined multipliers. Text Books: Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.V. Ramana (Tata McGraw-Hill). Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (Wiley Eastern Ltd.). Reference Books: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 7e, by Peter V. O'Neil (Thomson Learning). Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2e, by M. D. Greenberg (Pearson Education). Higher Engineering Mathematics by B. S. Grewal (Khanna Publication, Delhi). Applied Mathematics (Volumes I and II) by P. N. Wartikar & J. N. Wartikar (Pune Vidyarthi Griha Prakashan, Pune).

Both schemes are exactly half for Chemistry and Physics each Chemistry

Semester I (Applied Science – I)

Unit 1 : Solid state and materials chemistry Crystallography:- Unit cell, Bravais lattices, Cubic crystals - CN, APF, radius ratio. Three laws of crystallography, Weiss indices and Miller indices with numericals, X-ray diffraction – Bragg’s Law and numericals. Crystal defects (point and line defects) and their effects on properties of crystals. Zinc sulphide – structure and applications as luminescent. Molecular electronics:-Basic concepts. Study of following molecules for their structures and properties on the basis of orbitals, chemical bonding, band theory, electrical conductivity, applications in electronics such as in diodes, transistors, ICs, photovoltaic devices, sensors etc. 1.Conductive polymers-polypyrrole, polythiophene 2.Pure carbon compounds- graphite, single wall and chiral carbon nano-tubes, fullerenes 3. Liquid crystals 4.Charge transfer compounds-tetrathiofulvalene.

Unit 2 : Volumetric analysis Standard solutions and their preparations, various ways of expressing concentrations of solutions, equivalent weights in different types of reactions. Volumetric analysis – acid-base, complexometric, oxidation-reduction, precipitation – with specific examples, theories of indicators used in above titrations, titration curve (acid-base only) numericals on all above. Unit 3 : Polymers Definition and important terms: Monomer, Polymer, Polymerization, Degree of polymerization (Dp), Glass transition temperature (Tg), Molecular weight, Polymer dissolution. Classification on the basis of - a) Polymerization mechanism – (step and chain polymers , brief mechanism should be explained), b) Polymerization reactions – (addition and condensation), c)Thermal behaviour–(thermoplastics and thermosetting), d)Types of monomers– (homopolymer and copolymer). Commercial Polymers–Synthesis, properties and applications- Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Phenol formaldehyde (PF), Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Epoxy resin . Compounding of Plastics. Rubbers-Synthesis, structure, properties and applications of a) Natural rubber–isolation, Polyisoprene. b) Vulcanized rubber-Valcanisation of rubber by sulfur. c) Synthetic rubber-Styrene – Butadiene rubber, Silicon rubber and Neoprene rubber. Speciality polymers –Basic concepts and applications of conductive, liquid crystalline, thermally stable and biodegradable polymers. Polymer composites, Recycling of polymers. Term work : Any four experiments 1. To standardize KMnO4 solution by preparing standard oxalic acid and to estimate ferrous ions. 2. To standardize Na2S2O3 solution by preparing standard potassium dichromate and to estimate percentage of copper from brass. 3. To determine phenol by iodometric method. 4. To determine molecular weight of a polymer using Ostwald viscometer. 5. Preparation of (any one ) polystyrene, urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde and its characterization. 6. To determine chloride ions from solution by Volhard method. 7. To determine calcium from the given sample of cement by volumetric method. Term work is based on performance and regular checking of the experiments. Reference Books : 1.Chemistry, Raymond Chang. (Tata McGraw Hill). 2.Principles of the solid state, H.V. Keer (New age international publishers). 3.Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar (Wiley Eastern Ltd.). 4. Inorganic quantitative analysis, Vogel. (Prentice Hall). 5. Text book of engineering chemistry, R.N. Goyal and Harrmendra Goel, (Ane books India). Laboratory Manual : 1. Laboratory Manual on Engineering Chemistry, Sudharani (Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company).

Physics

Unit 4 : Interference and electron Optics Interference:- Interference of waves, Interference due to thin films of uniform (with derivation) and non-uniform thickness (without derivation), Fringe width, Newton’s Rings, Applications of Newton’s Rings for determination of (i) wavelength of incident light / radius of curvature of Plano convex lens (ii) refractive index of a given liquid; Michelson’s interferometer, applications for determination of (i) wavelength of a monochromatic source (ii) refractive index /thickness of a transparent material; Engineering applications of interference (i) Testing of optical flatness of surfaces (ii) Nonreflecting / Antireflection coatings. Electron Optics :- Motion of an electron in electric (parallel, perpendicular) and magnetic (extensive, limited) fields, crossed fields. Electrostatic and magneto static focusing, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) , Bainbridge mass spectrograph. Unit 5 : Diffraction and ultrasonic Diffraction : - Diffraction of waves, classes of diffraction, Fraunhoffer diffraction at a single slit (geometrical method), conditions for maxima and minima, Intensity pattern due to a single slit, Plane diffraction grating, conditions for principal maxima and minima, intensity pattern; Resolving power, Resolving power of a grating. Ultrasonics :- Ultrasonic waves, Piezo-electric effect, Production of ultrasonic waves by Piezoelectric oscillator, Magnetostrictive effect, Production of ultrasonic waves by magnetostrictive oscillator, properties of ultrasonic waves, Applications of ultrasonic waves (i) Scientific- Echo sounding, Sound signaling, depth sounding, SONAR, cleaning of dirt etc (ii) Engineering –thickness measurement, cavitation, Ultrasonic cleaning, Nondestructive testing, Flaw detection, Soldering, Drilling and welding (iii) Medical- for diagnostics and treatment Note: Discuss any one application for 4 marks Unit 6: Polarisation and nuclear physics Polarisation :- Introduction, production of plane polarised light by refraction (pile of plates), Law of Malus, Double refraction, Huygen’s theory of double refraction, Cases of double refraction of crystal cut with the optic axis lying in the plane of incidence and (i) parallel to the surface (ii) perpendicular to the surface (iii) inclined to the surface, Retardation plates-quarter wave plate (QWP), Half wave plate (HWP); Analytical treatment of light for the production of circularly and elliptically polarised light, Detection of various types of light (PPL, CPL, EPL, Upl, Par PL), Optical activity, Specific rotation, Polaroids Nuclear Physics :- Nuclear fission in natural Uranium-Chain reaction, Critical size. Nuclear fuels, Nuclear fusion, and thermonuclear reactions-P-P and CN cycles, Particle accelerators-cyclotron, betatron. Reference Books: 1.Optics, Jenkins and White (Tata Mcgraw Hill) 2.Text Book of Optics, Brijlal and Subramanyam (S. Chand and Company) 3.University Physics, Young and Freedman (Pearson Education). 4.Fundamentals of Physics, Resnick and Halliday (John Wiley and Sons). 5. Concepts of Modern Physics-Beiser (Tata Mcgraw Hill) Term Work: Any Four experiments 1.Determination of wavelength by using diffraction grating. 2.Newton’s Rings (Determination of wavelength/radius of curvature /refractive index of a liquid). 3.Experiment on ultrasonic waves. 4.Resolving Power of a telescope / grating. 5.Determination of specific rotation by Laurent’s half shade polarimeter. 6.Demonstration of Lissajous figures (principles of interference and polarisation) using a CRO, phase measurement. 7.Michelson’s interferometer 8. Determination of e/m by Thomson’s method. 9.An experiment on polarization. (Determination of polarising angle for glass and to determine refractive index of glass using Brewster’s law Or Experimental verification of law of Malus). 10.Determination of wavelength of the given source by Fraunhoffer diffraction at a single slit. Term work is based on performance and regular checking of the experiments.

• To learn and acquire art of computer programming • To know about some popular programming languages and how to choose a programming

language for solving a problem using a computer • To learn to program in C

1. Program Planning Concepts

Algorithm; Advantages of Generalized Algorithms; How to Make Algorithms Generalized; Avoiding Infinite Loops in Algorithms – By Counting, By using a Sentinel Value; Different ways of Representing an Algorithm – As a Program, As a Flowchart, As a Pseudo code; Need for Planning a Program before Coding; Program Planning Tools – Flowcharts, Structure charts, Pseudo codes; Importance of use of Indentation in Programming; Structured Programming Concepts – Need for Careful Use of “Go to” statements, How all programs can be written using Sequence Logic, Selection Logic and Iteration (or looping) Logic, functions. 2. Programming Languages

What is a Programming Language; Types of Programming Languages – Machine-level, Assembly-level and High-level Languages, Scripting Languages, Natural Languages; Their relative Advantages and Limitations; High-level Programming Language Tools – Compiler, Linker, Interpreter, Intermediate Language Compiler and Interpreter, Editor, Matlab, GUI ; Overview of some popular High-level Languages – FORTRAN, COBOL, BASIC, Pascal, C, C++, JAVA, LISP; Characteristics of a Good Programming Language; Selecting a Language out of many Available Languages for Coding an Application; Subprograms. 3. Program Testing and Debugging

Definition of Testing & Debugging; Difference between Testing and Debugging; Types of Program Errors; Testing a Program; Debugging a Program for Syntax Errors; Debugging a Program for Logic Errors, Concept of APIs/Libraries. 4. Program Documentation

What is Documentation; Need for Documenting Programs and Software; Forms of Documentation – Comments, System Manual, User Manual; Documentation Standards and Notations. 5. Programming in C Language

Character set, Constants, Variables, Keywords and Comments; Operators and Operator Precedence; Statements; I/O Operations; Preprocessor Directives; Pointers, Arrays and Strings; User Defined Data Types – Structure and Union; Control Structures – Conditional and Unconditional Branching Using “if”, “switch”, “break”, “continue”, “go to” and “return” Statements; Loop Structures – Creating Pretest Loops using “for” and “while” Statements; Creating Posttest Loops using “do…while” statement; Functions – Creating Subprograms using Functions; Parameter Passing by Value; Parameter Passing by Reference; Main Function.

Objectives

Semester I (Fundamentals of Programming

Languages)

Semester I (BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING)

SECTION – I Unit 1.General: Concepts of emf., p.d. and current, resistance, effect of temperature on resistance. resistance temperature coefficient, insulation resistance. S.I. units of work, power and energy. Conversion of energy from one form to another in electrical, mechanical and thermal systems. batteries and cells, their types, primary cells and secondary cells, Lead Acid, Ni-Cd and Ni-MH batteries, current capacity and cell ratings. charging , importance of initial charging and discharging of batteries. series and parallel battery connections, maintenance procedure. Unit 2. D.C.Circuits: Classification of electrical networks, Ohm's law, Kirchhoff’s law and their applications for network solutions. Simplifications of networks using series and parallel combinations and star-delta conversions, Superposition theorem, Thevenin’s theorem and maximum power transfer theorem. Unit 3.Electromagnetism: Magnetic effect of an electric current, cross and dot conventions, right hand thumb rule and cork screw rule, nature of magnetic field of long straight conductor, solenoid and toroid. concept of m.m.f., flux, flux density, reluctance, permeability and field strength, their units and relationships. simple series and parallel magnetic circuits, comparison of electrical and magnetic circuit, force on current carrying conductors placed in magnetic field, Fleming’s left hand rule. Faradays laws of electromagnetic induction, statically and dynamically induced e.m.f., self and mutual inductance, coefficient of couplings. energy stored in magnetic field.

B) Single phase transformers: Construction, principle of working, e.m.f. equation, voltageand current

Term work: The term work shall consist of record of minimum eight exercises and experiments, out of which Group A is compulsory and any five experiments from Group B should be conducted. Group A 1. Wiring Exercises: a) Study of various wiring components (wires, switches, fuse, sockets, plugs, lamp holders, lamps etc. their uses and ratings). b) Control of two lamps from two switches (looping system). c) Staircase wiring. d) Use of Megger for insulation test and continuity test of wiring installations and machines. 2. a) Study of fluorescent tube circuit. b) Study of compact fluorescent lamp(CFL). c) Study of HID lamps such as mercury vapour lamp /sodium vapour lamp. 3. a)Study of safety precautions while working on electric installations and necessity of earthing. b) Introduction to energy conservation and simple techniques to achieve it.

SECTION – II Unit 4. Electrostatics and AC fundamentals: A) Electrostatics field, electric flux density, electric field strength, absolute permittivity, relative permittivity, capacitance and capacitor, composite dielectric capacitors, capacitors in series and parallel, energy stored in capacitors, charging and discharging of capacitors and time constant. B) Sinusoidal voltages and currents, their mathematical and graphical representation, Concept of instantaneous, peak(maximum), average and r.m.s. values, frequency , cycle, period, peak factor and form factor, phase difference ,lagging, leading and in phase quantities and phasor representation. rectangular and polar representation of phasors. Unit 5. Single phase A.C. Circuits: Study of A.C. circuits consisting of pure resistance, pure inductance, pure capacitance and corresponding voltage-current phasor diagrams and waveforms. Development of concept of reactance, study of series R-L, R-C, R-L-C circuit and resonance, study of parallel R-L, R-C and R-L-C circuit, concept of impedance , admittance, conductance and susceptance in case of above combinations and relevant voltage-current phasor diagrams, concept of active, reactive and apparent power and power factor. Unit 6. Polyphase A.C.Circuits and Single phase Transformers:

A) Polyphase A.C.Circuits: Concept of three-phase supply and phase sequence. voltages, currents and power relations in three phase balanced star-connected loads and delta-connected loads along with phasor diagrams.

ratios. losses, definition of regulation and efficiency, determination of these by direct loading method. descriptive treatment of autotransformers and dimmerstats.

Group B 4. Determination of temperature rise of medium resistance such as shunt field winding. 5 .Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws and Superposition theorem. 6. Verification of Thevenin’s theorem. 7. Study of R. L. C. series circuits. 8. Verification of current relations in three phase balanced star and delta connected loads. 9. Single phase transformer a)Voltage and current ratios. b) Efficiency and regulations by direct loading. Note: College should provide printed text and figures for Group A experiments and only printed text for Group B experiments. Text Books :

1. A Textbook of Electrical Technology Volume- I – B.L.Theraja, S.Chand and Company Ltd., 2. New Delhi. 3. Basic Electrical Engineering, V.K.Mehta, S.Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi. 4. Electrical Engineering- G.K.Mittal 5. Theory and problems of Basic Electrical Engineering- I.J.Nagrath and Kothari,

Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. Reference Books :

1. Electrical Technolgy- Edward Hughes, Seventh Edition, Pearson Education 2. Elements of Electrical Technology- H.Cotton, C.B.S. Publications 3. Basic circuits analysis by John Omalley Shawn Mc Graw Hill. 4 Principles of Electrical Engineering by Del. Toro, PH

a) Role of Civil Engineer in the construction of buildings, dams, expressways and infrastructure projects for 21st century. Importance of an interdisciplinary approach in engineering.

b) Basic Areas in Civil Engineering Surveying, Construction Engineering, Project Management, Transportation Engineering, Fluid Mechanics, Irrigation Engineering, Structural Engineering, Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Quantity Surveying, Earthquake Engineering, Infrastructure Development, Town Planning, Remote Sensing.

Tor and High Tensile Steel. Concrete types - PCC, RCC Prestressed and Precast. Introduction to smart materials. Recycling of materials.

b) Substructure-Function of Foundations, (Only concepts of settlement and Bearing capacity of soils.) Types of shallow foundations, (only concept of friction and end bearing pile).

c) Superstructure - Types of loads :- DL and LL, wind loads, earthquake considerations. Types of Construction-Load Bearing, Framed, Composite. Fundamental requirements of masonary.

d) Introduction to automation in construction:- Concept, need, examples related to different civil engineering projects.

a) Various types of maps and their uses. Principles of survey. Modern survey methods using levels, Theodolite, EDM, lasers, total station and GPS.

Introduction to digital mapping. Measuring areas from maps using digital planimeter. b) Conducting simple and differential levelling for setting out various benchmarks, determining

the elevations of different points and preparation of contour maps. Introduction to GIS Software and other surveying softwares with respect to their capabilities and application areas.

Semester I (Basic Civil and Environmental Engineering)

Section I Unit 1: Introduction to Civil Engineering

Unit 2: Materials and Construction a) Use of basic materials cement, bricks, stone, natural and artificial sand, Reinforcing Steel-Mild,

Unit 3: Uses of maps and field surveys

a) Concept of Environment - biotic and abiotic factors. Concept of the ecological cycle. Impact of the human behaviour and the technological advancements on the environment. Need for conserving natural resources and preserving the environment. Engineer's role in achieving sustainable development. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).

a) Concept of an integrated built environment-natural and manmade. Principles of planning, viz. Aspect, Prospect, Roominess, Grouping, Privacy, Circulation, Sanitation, Orientation, Economy. Role of by-laws in regulating the environment.

energies to meet the increased demand. Methods of harnessing energies. b) Sources, causes, effects and remedial measures associated with 1. Air Pollution

2.Water treatment :- Objective, drinking water standards, pollution,introduction to waste water treatment. 3. Noise Pollution 4. Land Pollution

Term Work: Any 8 Practical Exercises from those given below should be carried out, record to be submitted in the field book and file which will form a part of termwork.

1. Study of any 4 types of maps and writing their uses. 2. Exercise on use of dumpy level and laser level. 3. Measurement of area of irregular figures by digital planimeter. 4. Drawing of plan elevation & section for a residential building, single storeyed

framed/load bearing structure. Preparing schedule of openings [On half imperial sheet.] 5. Determination of coordinates of a traverse using Global Positioning system (GPS) 6. Measurement of distance by EDM and comparing it with the distance measured using

tape. 7. Visit to a construction site for studying the various construction materials used, type of

structure, type of foundation and components of superstructure – submission of visit report.

8. Demonstration of use of any 4 Civil Engineering softwares. 9. Making a poster (Full imperial sheet size) in a group of 4 students, related to

Energy/Environment. 10. Presentation in a group of 4 students, any case study related to Energy/Environment.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Surveying and Levelling --- Kanetkar and Kulkarni, PVG Prakashana 2. Environmental Studies D.L.Manjunath – Pearson Education. 3. Building Construction --- Bindra Arora; Dhanpat Rai publication. 4. Text book of Environmental Studies-Erach Bharucha-UGC, Universities Press.

Section II Unit 4: Ecology and Eco System

b) Introduction to solid waste management, Disposal of electronic wastes. Unit 5 :Planning for the Built Environment

b) Use of various eco-friendly materials in construction. Concept of green buildings. Unit 6: Energy and Environmental Pollution a) Types of energy:- conventional and non-conventional. Need for harnessing alternative

SECTION – I

Semester I (Engineering Graphics – I)

UNIT – I Drafting Technology and Introduction to Any Drafting Software/Package Layout of drawing sheets, sizes of drawing sheets, different types of lines used in drawing practice, Dimensioning – linear, angular, aligned system, unidirectional system, parallel dimensioning, chain dimensioning, location dimension and size dimension. Tolerances – methods of representing tolerances, unilateral and bilateral tolerances, tolerance on linear and angular dimensions, geometrical tolerances. Symbols used on drawing, surface finish symbols, welding symbols. Advantages of using Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) packages, applications of CAD, basic operation of drafting packages, use of various commands for drawing, dimensioning, editing, modifying, saving and printing/plotting the drawings. Introduction to 3D primitives. UNIT – II Curves used in Engineering Practice Ellipse, Parabola, Hyperbola, normal and tangents to these curves, Involute, Cycloid, Epi-cycloid, Hypo-cycloid, Archimedean Spiral, Helix on cone and cylinder. UNIT – III Orthographic Projections Reference planes, types of orthographic projections – First angle projections, Third angle projections, methods of obtaining orthographic views by First angle method, Sectional orthographic projections – full section, half section, offset section. UNIT – IV Auxiliary Projections Auxiliary planes – Auxiliary Vertical Plane (AVP), Auxiliary Inclined Plane (AIP), symmetrical auxiliary view, unilateral auxiliary view, bilateral auxiliary view.

SECTION – II UNIT – V Isometric Projections Isometric view, Isometric scale to draw Isometric projection, Non-Isometric lines, construction of Isometric view from given orthographic views and to construct Isometric view of a Pyramid, Cone, Sphere. UNIT – VI Interpretation of Given Views/Missing Views Identification of lines/edges and surfaces, visualization of given orthographic views, adding a missing/third view, adding a sectional view, to convert a given view in to a sectional view. UNIT – VII Freehand Sketching Free hand sketching -- FV and TV of standard machine parts – Hexagonal headed nut and bolt, foundation bolts, shafts, keys, couplings, springs, screw thread forms, welded joints, riveted joints.

******************************************************************************

Semester II (Engineering Mathematics – II)

Unit 1 Differential Equations (DE): Definition, Order and Degree of DE, Formation of DE. Solutions of Variable Separable DE, Exact DE, Linear DE and reducible to these types Unit 2 Application of DE: Applications of DE to Orthogonal Trajectories, Newton's Law of Cooling, Kirchoff’s Law of Electrical Circuits, Motion under Gravity, Rectilinear Motion, Simple Harmonic Motion, One–Dimensional Conduction of Heat, Chemical problems Unit 3 Fourier Series: Definition, Dirichlet's conditions, Full Range Fourier Series, Half Range Fourier Series, Harmonic Analysis and Applications to Problems in Engineering. Integral Calculus: Reduction formulae, Beta and Gamma functions. Unit 4 Integral Calculus: Differentiation Under the Integral Sign, Error functions. Curve Tracing: Tracing of Curves, Cartesian, Polar and Parametric Curves. Rectification of Curves Unit 5 Solid Geometry: Cartesian, Spherical Polar and Cylindrical Coordinate Systems. Sphere, Cone and Cylinder Unit 6 Multiple Integrals and their Applications: Double and Triple integrations, Applications to Area, Volume, Mean and Root Mean Square Values, Mass, Center of Gravity and Moment of Inertia. Text Books: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 7e, by Peter V. O'Neil (Thomson Learning). Higher Engineering Mathematics by B. S. Grewal (Khanna Publication, Delhi). Reference Books: Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Erwin Kreyszig (Wiley Eastern Ltd.). Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wylie C.R. & Barrett L.C. (McGraw-Hill, Inc.) Higher Engineering Mathematics by B.V. Ramana (Tata McGraw-Hill). Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 2e, by M. D. Greenberg (Pearson Education).

Both schemes are exactly half for Chemistry and Physics each Chemistry

Semester II (Applied Science – II)

Unit 1 : Fuels and combustion Fuels : Definition, classification of fuels, calorific value and its units. Determination of calorific value – Bomb calorimeter, Boy’s colorimeter – numericals. Solid fuels : Coal, classification of coal, proximate and ultimate analysis of coal, numericals based on analysis of coal - Dulong and Goutel formula. types of carbonisation of coal-low temperature and high temperature carbonization. Liquid fuels : Origin of petroleum, composition of petroleum, refining of petroleum, octane number of petrol, cetane number of diesel, power alcohol, biodiesel. Gaseous fuels : Composition, properties and applications of natural gas, treatment products such as CNG, LPG, LNG. Hydrogen gas as a fuel, production, properties, storage and transportation. Rocket propellants-characteristics, classification. Combustion : Chemical reactions, calculation on air requirement for combustion – numericals Unit 2 : Corrosion and its prevention

Corrosion:- Definition, atmospheric corrosion-mechanism, Wet corrosion-mechanism, Electrochemical and galvanic series, Factors affecting corrosion-nature of metal, nature of environment, Pourbaix diagram. Methods of prevention of corrosion-cathodic and anodic protection. Metallic coatings, Electroplating, Hot dipping, blacodizing, powder coating Surface conversion coating. Unit 3 : Water and phase rule

Water :- Chemical analysis of water-hardness, chloride content, alkalinity- numericals. Ill effect of hard water in steam generation, preventive measures. Softening of water by zeolite-with numericals and ion-exchange process. Phase rule :- Gibb’s Phase rule and the terms involved in it with examples. One component system – Water and Sulphur. Reduced phase rule. Applications and limitations of phase rule. Term Work: Any four experiments 1. To determine total alkalinity of water sample. 2. To determine chloride content of water sample by Mohr’s method. 3. To determine temporary and permanent hardness of water sample by EDTA method. 4. Spectrophotometric / colorimetric estimation of Fe++ from the given solution. 5. To construct a phase diagram for a binary system, naphthalene and benzoic acid and find eutectic point. 6. Study of corrosion of metals in medium of different pH. 7. Analysis of mixture of phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid using indicators and pH meter separately. 8. To determine moisture, volatile matter and ash content of a given sample of coal. Term work is based on performance and regular checking of the experiments. Reference books : 1.Materials science and engineering an introduction, William D. Callister, (Jr.,Wiley. publisher) 2. Principles of the solid state, H.V. Keer, (New age international publishers). 3. Text book of engineering chemistry, R.N. Goyal and Harrmendra Goel, (Ane books India). 4. Text book of Physical chemistry, Samuel Glasstone (Mcmiillon and Co. Ltd.) Laboratory manual 1. Laboratory manual on Engineering Chemistry, Sudharani (Dhanpat Rai publishing company) 2. Applied Chemistry theory and practical O.P. Virmani and A.K. Narular (New Age International publishers).

Physics Unit 4 : Wave particle duality and wave equations Wave Particle Duality :- Wave particle duality of radiation and matter, concept of group velocity and phase velocity; Uncertainty principle, Illustration of electron diffraction at a single slit. Wave Equations :- Concept of wave function and probability interpretation, Physical significance of the wave function, Schrodinger’s time independent and time dependent wave equations, Applications of Schrodinger’s time independent wave equations to problems of (i) Particle in a rigid box (infinite potential well), Comparison of predictions of classical mechanics with quantum mechanics (ii)Particle in a non-rigid box (finite Potential Well)- Qualitative (results only); Unit 5 : Lasers and superconductivity Lasers :- Requirement for lasing action (stimulated emission, population inversion, pumping), Characteristics– monochromaticity, coherence, directionality, brightness. Various levels of laser systems with examples (i) Two level laser system- semiconductor laser (ii) Three level laser system- Ruby laser and He-Ne laser. Applications i)Communication systems-fiber optics in brief, ii)Information technology holography-construction, reproduction. Superconductivity :- Introduction to superconductivity, Properties of superconductors (zero resistance, Meissner effect, critical fields, persistent currents), isotope effect, BCS theory. Type I and type II Super conductors, Applications (super conducting magnets, transmission lines etc), DC and AC Josephson effect Unit 6: Semiconductor physics and physics of nano particles Semiconductor physics :- Band theory of solids, Classification of solids on the basis of band theory, Types of semiconductors, Introduction to the concept of electrical conductivity, conductivity of conductors and semiconductors. Hall effect and Hall coefficient, Fermi-Dirac probability distribution function, Position of Fermi level in intrinsic semiconductors (with derivation) and in extrinsic semiconductors (variation of Fermi level with temperature (without derivation)), Band structure of PN junction diode under zero bias, forward bias and reverse bias; Transistor working, PNP and NPN on the basis of band diagrams, Photovoltaic effect, working of a solar cell on the basis of band diagrams and Applications. Physics of Nanoparticles :- Introduction, Nanoparticles, Properties of nanoparticles (optical, electrical, magnetic, structural, mechanical), Brief description of different methods of synthesis of nanoparticles such as physical, chemical, biological, and mechanical. Synthesis of colloids. Growth of nanoparticles, Synthesis of metal nanoparticles by colloidal route, Applications of nanotechnology-electronics, energy, automobiles, space and defence, medical, environmental, textile, cosmetics.

Reference Books: 1.Principles of Physics, Serway and Jewett (Saunders college publishing) 2.Introduction to Solid State Physics, Kittel C (Wiley and Sons) 3.Laser and Non-Linear Optics, B.B.Laud (Oscar publication) 4.Physics of the Atom, Wehr and Richards (Addison, Wesley) 5.Nanotechnology, Principles and Practices, Dr.S.K.Kulkarni (Capital Publishing Company) Term Work: Any four experiments 1.Determination of band gap of a semiconductor. 2.Characteristics of a solar cell, calculation of fill factor, To plot power vs. resistance graph and hence to calculate value of R for maximum value of workable power. 3.Hall effect and determination of Hall coefficient. 4.Characteristics of photocell/photo diode. 5.Diode characteristics (Ge/Si, LED, Zener) 6. Synthesis of metal nanoparticles (gold/silver) by the chemical route. 7.Measurement of diameter of a thin wire using a laser. 8.To find refractive index of glass using a laser (using Snell’s law). ( may show demonstrations of polarisation and diffraction). 9. An experiment based on laser (e.g.: To find number of lines /cm of a given grating using a laser source/ to find beam divergence/true beam width ) 10.Determination of width of a slit using a laser. Term work is based on performance and regular checking of the experiments.

Term Work Term work consists of the following. a) Statics-(Any three experiments from the list below) 1. Verification of law of parallelogram of forces/ polygon of forces. 2. Support reaction of simple / compound beams. 3. Determination of coefficient friction of belt/inclined plane. 4. To determine forces in Space Force System. b) Dynamics- 1. Curvilinear motion.

Semester II (Engineering Mechanics)

Section-I (Statics) Unit 1. Resultant of coplanar force system. A. Principle of statics, Force systems, Resolution and composition of forces, Resultant of concurrent forces. B. Moment of a force, Couple, Varignon’s theorem, Equivalent force couple system, Resultant of parallel and general force system. Distributed forces, Centroid of plane lamina and wire bends. Unit 2. Equilibrium of Force system. A. Free body diagram, Equilibrium of concurrent, parallel and general forces in a plane, Equilibrium of three forces in a plane, Types of beams, simple and compound beams, type of supports and reaction. B. Resultant and Equilibrium of concurrent and parallel forces in a Space. Unit 3. Analysis of structure and friction. A. Two force member, Analysis of plane trusses by method of joint and method of section, cables subjected to point loads. Multi force member, Plane frames. B. Friction - Application of friction on inclined plane, wedges, ladders and flat belt.

Section-II (Dynamics) Unit 4. Rectilinear motion of particles. A. Kinematics- Basic concepts, Equations of motion for constant acceleration and motion under gravity, Variable acceleration, Motion curves, Relative motion and dependant motion. B. Kinetics- Newton’s second law of motion and its applications. Unit 5. Curvilinear motion of particles. A. Kinematics-Basic concepts, Equation of motion in cartesian, path and polar coordinate, Motion of projectile. B. Kinetics-Newton’s second law of motion. Motion in cartesian and path coordinate of a particle. Unit 6. Work energy and impulse momentum principle for particle. . Work, Power, Energy, conservative forces & Potential Energy , Conservation of energy, Work energy principle for motion of particle. B. Linear Impulse & Momentum, Conservation of momentum, Direct central impact and coefficient of restitution, Impuse momentum principle.

2. Determination of coefficient of restitution. c) Exercise-At least two examples on each part of the units should be solved during practical hours under the guidance of the concerned teacher. d) Assignment- Minimum five numerical examples from each unit given by concerned teacher. Note: Examples in Exercise and Assignment should be unsolved problems from text and reference books prescribed in the syllabus.

Text book (latest editions) 1. Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics by R. C. Hibbeler, McMillan Publication.

Reference books 1. Mechanics for Engineers - Statics Fourth Edition, by F. P. Beer and E. R. Johnson, McGraw-Hill Publication. 2. Mechanics for Engineers - Dynamics Fourth Edition, by F. P. Beer and E. R. Johnson, McGraw-Hill Publication. 3. Engineering Mechanics statics and dynamics by J. L. Meriam and Craige, John Willey and Son’s publication. 4. Engineering Mechanics by S. P. Timoshenko and D. H. Young, McGraw- Hill publication. 5. Engineering Mechanics by F L Singer, Harper and Rowe publication. 6. Engineering Mechanics by A. P. Boresi and R. J. Schmidt, Brooks/Cole Publication. 7. Engineering Mechanics by Shames I. H., P H I India.

Semester II (Basic Electronics Engineering)

NOTE – ONLY FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS IS TO BE USED IN ALL THE UNITS.

UNIT – I Projections of Point and Line Projections of points, projections of lines, lines inclined to one reference plane, lines inclined to both reference planes. (Lines in First Quadrant Only) Traces of lines, Distance between skew lines. UNIT – II Projections of Planes Projection of planes, angle between two planes, distance of a point from a given plane, inclination of the plane with HP and VP, True shape of a plane surface. UNIT – III Projections of Solids Projections of solids inclined to one reference plane, inclined to both the reference planes, projections of cube, right regular prisms, right regular pyramids, right circular cylinder, right circular cone, tetrahedron, frustum of solids. UNIT – IV Sections of Solids Types of section planes, projections of above solids cut by different section planes, True shape of cut surfaces.

UNIT – V Development of Lateral Surfaces (DLS) of Solids. Applications of DLS, method of development, development of lateral surface of above solids, development of lateral surface of cut solids. Term Work : Term Work should be prepared on Five A2 (594X420mm) (Half imperial) size drawing screen using any drafting software/package as detailed below.

Sheet No. – 1 Projection of Line Minimum 2 Problems Sheet No. – 2 Projections of Planes Minimum 2 Problems Sheet No. – 3 Projections of Solids Minimum 2 Problems Sheet No. – 4 Sections of Solids Minimum 2 Problems Sheet No. – 5 DLS of Solids Minimum 2 Problems

Important Note: The problems for Term Work should be different for each student. The Term Work of a batch should be preserved in a form of CD/DVD and the same should be produced before a TW Verification Committee appointed by the University.

Text Books : 1. N.D. Bhatt, Elementary Engg. Drawing, Chartor Pub. House, Anand, India. 2. D. N. Johle, Engineering Drawing, Tata Mcgraw-hill Publishing Co. Ltd..

Reference Books : 3. P.S. Gill, Engineering Graphics. 4. N.D. Bhatt, Machine Drawing, Chartor Publishing house, Anand, India. 5. Warren J. Luzzader, Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing, Prentice Hall of India, New

Delhi. 6. Fredderock E. Giesecke, Alva Mitchell & others, Principles of Engineering Graphics,

Maxwell McMillan Publishing.

Semester II (Engineering Graphics – II)

Unit 1 Thermodynamics Thermodynamic work, p-dV work in various processes, p-V representation of various thermodynamic processes and cycles Ideal gas equations, Properties of pure substance, Statements of I and II laws of thermodynamics and their applications in Mechanical Engineering. Carnot cycle for Heat engine, Refrigerator and Heat pump.

Semester II (Basic Mechanical Engineering)

Unit 2 Energy conversion devices (Theoretical study using schematic diagrams only) Package Boiler, Turbine(Impulse & Reaction turbine, Gas turbine, Hydraulic turbines), Working principle and applications of Reciprocating I.C. engines, Air motor. Reciprocating pumps (single acting & double acting), reciprocating compressor, rotary compressors, fans, blowers, Study of household refrigerator, window air conditioner, split air conditioner Ratings and selection criteria of above devices. Refrigerants and their impact on environment.

Unit 3 Heat Transfer Statement and explanation of Fourier’s law of heat conduction, Newton;s law of cooling, Stefan Boltzmann’s law. Conducting and insulating materials and their properties. Selection of heat sink and heat source. Power Plants ( Description with Block Diagrams) Thermal, Hydroelectric, Nuclear and Solar-Wind Hybrid Power Plants. Unit 4 Machine elements: Power transmission shafts, axles, keys, bush and ball bearings, Flywheel and Governors. Power Transmission Devices Types of Belts and belt drives, Chain drive, Types of gears, Types of Couplings, friction clutch (cone and single plate), brakes (types and applications only) Applications of these devices. Mechanisms:.(Descriptive treatment only) Slider crank mechanism, Four bar chain mechanism, List of various inversions of Four bar chain mechanism, Geneva mechanism, Ratchet and Paul mechanism

1. Assembly and working of 4-bar, 6-bar, 8-bar planer mechanisms 2. Finding relation between input angle and output angle for various link lengths 3. Demonstration of operations of centre lathe (turning, step turning, facing, boring, taper turning,

10. Joule’s paddle wheel experiment. 11. Experimental verification of effect of insulating material on heat transfer References : Text Book: P. K Nag “Thermodynamics”, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd Hajra-Chaudhari “ Workshop Technology” Reference Books: 1. Yunus A. Cengel and Boles, “ Thermodynamics “,Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd 2. Arora and Domkunwar, “Thermal Engineering”, Dhanpat Rai and Sons. 3. R. K. Rajput, “Heat transfer”, S Chand Publication, Delhi. 4 V. B. Bhandari “Design of Machine Elements” Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd

Unit 5 Materials Used in Engineering and their Applications Metals – Ferrous and Non-Ferrous, Nonmetallic materials, Material selection criteria Design considerations Steps in Design Introduction to manufacturing processes and Their Applications: Casting, Sheet metal forming, Sheet metal cutting, Forging, Fabrication, Metal joining processes. Unit 6 Machine Tools (Basic elements, Working principle and types of operations) Lathe Machine – Centre Lathe Drilling Machine – Study of Pillar drilling machine Introduction to NC and CNC machines Grinding machine, Power saw, Milling Machine. Term work: Term work shall consist of record of any eight experiments out of the following;

knurling, grooving, threading) 4. Demonstration of operations on drilling machines (drilling, reaming, spot facing , counterboring) 5. Demonstration of Two stroke and four stroke engine 6. Study of Package type boilers 7. Study of domestic refrigerator & window air-conditioner 8. Study of power transmitting elements: Coupling, Gears and bearings. 9. Joule’s porous plug experiment

Communication Skill Teaching Scheme: Practical: 02 Hrs. The teacher shall explain in detail, the gist and techniques involved in the following work units to the students. The Students should complete practical work based on the following topics. The teacher shall subsequently formulate the exercises to adjudge the skill sets acquired by the students. These exercises will be undertaken by the groups of the students of suitable strength. Work Unit 1 - Fundamentals of Communication: Elements of communication, types of Communication- diagonal, downward, upward, horizontal communication. Importance of effective communication, manners and etiquettes in communication, stages of communication, ideation, encoding, transmission, decoding, response, general communication, technical communication. , barriers to effective communication, Listening skill, speaking skill, Reading skill, writing skill. Work Unit 2 - Organization and Listening Comprehension in Communication: Spatial organization, chronological organization, order of increasing and decreasing importance, styles of communication, accuracy, brevity, clarity, objectivity, impersonal language, professional speaking ability, listening process, hearing and listening, types of listening- superficial, appreciative, focused, evaluative, attentive, empathetic. Barriers to listening- physical, psychological, linguistic, cultural. Speech decoding, oral discourse analysis, effective listening strategies, listening in conversational interaction, listening to structured talks, pre-listening analysis, predicting, links between different parts of the speech, team listening, listening and notes taking. Work Unit 3 - Speaking Skills: The speech process, message, audience, speech style, feedback, conversation and oral skills, fluency and self expression, body language phonetics and spoken english, speaking techniques, word stress, correct stress patterns, voice quality, correct tone, types of tones, Job interview, interview process, characteristics, of the job interview, pre-interview preparation techniques, interview questions and answers, positive image projection techniques. Group discussion- characteristics, subject knowledge, oral and leadership skills, team management, strategies, individual contribution. Presentation skills-planning,preparation, organization, delivery. Work Unit 4 - Reading and language skills: The reading process, purpose, different kinds of texts, reference material, scientific and technical texts, active and passive reading, strategies-vocabulary skills, eye reading and visual perception,, prediction techniques, scanning skills, distinguishing facts and opinions, drawing inferences and conclusions, comprehension of technical material- scientific and technical texts, instructions and technical manuals, graphic information. Note making- tool for study skills, topicalising, organization and sequencing. Summarizing and paraphrasing. Work Unit 5 - Referencing and Writing skills: Methods of referencing, book references, user guides, references for reports, journal references, magazines and news papers, unpublished sources, internet references, explaining and elucidating. Writing skills - Sentence structure, sentence coherence, emphasis. Paragraph writing. letter writing skills - form and structure, style and tone. Inquiry letters, Instruction letters, complaint letters, Routine business letters, Sales letters.

Work Unit 6 – Reports, Resumes and Job Applications: Types of reports, information and analytical reports, oral and written reports, formal and non formal reports, printed forms, letter and memo format, manuscript format, proposals, technical articles, journal articles and conference papers, review and research articles. E-mails, Business Memos, Employment Communication- resume design, resume style, Reference Book: 1. ‘Effective Technical Communication’ by M Ashraf Rizvi, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd. 2. Basic Managerial Skills for all’ E. H. McGrath, Eastern Economy Edition, Prentice hall India. 3. ‘Developing Communication Skills’ Krishna Mohan, Meera Banerji, McMillan India Ltd. 4. ‘Principles and Practice of management’ Dr. P. C. Shejwalkar, Dr. Ghanekar and Dr. Bhivapathaki, Everest publishing House

Unit 1: Introduction Static and Dynamic characteristics of instruments, dead zone, hysteresis, threshold, resolution, input & output impedance, loading effects, fundamentals of measurements, calibration of instruments, traceability, calibration report & certification. Unit 2: Analog Indicating Instruments DC galvanometer, PMMC and Moving Iron instruments, voltmeters, ammeters, ohmmeters, wattmeters, energy meters, multimeters and extension of range of instruments. AC indicating instruments, DC Potentiometers, self-balancing potentiometers Unit 3: Bridge Circuits DC bridges: Wheatstone bridge and Kelvin bridge design, bridge sensitivity, errors in bridge circuits, null type and deflection type bridges, current sensitive and voltage sensitive bridges, applications of DC bridges AC bridges: Maxwell bridge, Hey bridge, Schering bridge, Wein bridge, storage and dissipation factor, applications of AC bridges Unit 4: Digital Instruments Digital Multimeter, Kilo Watt Hour meter, Phase meter, Digital Tachometer, Ultrasonic Distance meter, Digital Thermometer, Unit 5: Oscilloscope General purpose oscilloscope, construction, front panel controls, deflection sensitivity, dual trace CRO, measurement of electrical parameters like voltage, current, frequency, phase, Z-modulation, Digital Storage Oscilloscope Unit 6: Recording Instruments and Waveform Generation Principle and working of strip chart and X-Y recorders, multichannel recorders Waveform generation methods, Function generator, Virtual Instrumentation Text and reference books:

1. W. D. Cooper & A. D. Helfrick, ‘Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques’, PH

I, 4th e/d, 1987

2. David Bell, ‘Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements’, PHI, 2e/d,

3. Anand M. M. S., ‘Electronic Instruments and Instrumentation Technology’, PH

I, 2004 4. Kalsi H. S., ‘Electronic Instrumentation’, TMH, 2nd e/d, 2004 5. R. Subburaj, ‘The foundation for ISO 9000 and TQM’, 6. Bouwens A. J., ‘Digital Instrumentation’,

Semester III: Fundamentals of Instrumentation

Unit 1: Operational Amplifiers Fundamentals Characteristics of Op Amp, Noise figure, Types of Noise, Causes of Slew Rate, Frequency response, Frequency / Phase Compensation Techniques. SR, CMRR, PSRR/SVRR. Offset adjustment techniques, Comparative study of different amplifier ICs (LM 741, LM 324,OP 07) Unit 2: Feedback Amplifiers Introduction to feedback amplifiers, Voltage series feed back amplifier (non inverting amplifier with feedback) and deriving closed loop gain. Voltage follower and its applications. Voltage shunt feedback (Inverting amplifier with feedback) and deriving closed loop gain. Unit 3: Linear Applications of Op amp with practical considerations Voltage Summing with averager, Voltage subtractor, Current booster, Integrator and practical integrator, Differentiator and practical differentiator, Instrumentation Amplifier with three op-amp and its disadvantage of low CMRR. Current to voltage and voltage to current converter (grounded and floating load.) Isolation amplifiers, chopper stabilized amplifiers. Equation solving. Unit 4: Non linear Applications with practical considerations Comparator characteristics, ZCD and its use, Schmitt trigger with external bias, window detector. Precision half wave and full wave rectifiers with IC 741. Sinusoidal oscillators using Op amplifiers: Barkhausen criteria, Wein Bridge oscillator, RC phase shift oscillator. Unit 5: Timers and Voltage regulators Timers: Triggerable and retriggerable, IC 555 monostable and astable. Designs and Applications. Voltage regulators : Linear and Switching DC Voltage regulators: Basic 78XX, Switching regulators : ( Secondary switching regulators) Basic switching regulator, current waveforms, voltage waveforms, basic stepdown switching regulator. Unit 6: Active Filters Butterworth, Chebyshev and Bessel approximations, Low Pass, High Pass, Band Pass, Band Reject, Notch filters. First and Second Order filters. (Design of LP and HP VCVS Equal component filters), Difference between passive and active filters., (Filter terminology : passband, stopband, cutoff, rippl, Q, and order.)

Semester III:Linear Integrated Circuits

Semester III: Principles of Sensors and Transducers Unit 1: Measurement instrumentation and calibration: Introduction, measurement, instrument, Instrumentation classification of transducers, performance characteristics, errors in measurements, calibration and standards, static and dynamic characteristics of instrument Unit 2: Mechanical transducers-1: Basics of temperature measurement: scales, bimetallic and fluid expansion systems, Basics of pressure measurement: Manometers, diaphragms and capsules, Membranes, Bellows, Bourdon elements, Basics of force measurement: Springs, Cantilever beams, diaphragm elements, Load cells, Basics of torque measurement: Torsion bar and flat spiral spring, Shaft power measurement, Basics of gyroscope: rate gyro and integrating gyro. Unit 3: Mechanical transducers-2: Basics of density measurement, Hydrometer, Air bubbler system, U-tube weighing system, Basics of liquid-level measurement: Float element, Level-to-pressure convertor, Level-to-force convertor, Basics of viscosity measurement, Visocity-to-Pressure convertor, Visocity-to-Torque convertor, Visocity-to-Displacement convertor., Basics of flow measurement: Pitot-ststic tube, Flow obstruction elements, Centrifugal force element, Static vane elements, Rotating vane systems, Rotameter-float system. Unit 4: Electrical transducers-1: Resistive transducers for temperature, displacement, strain, pressure, moisture, magnetic flux, optical radiation, Inductive transducers for thickness, displacement, movable core type, eddy current type, Capacitive transducer: thickness, displacement, moisture Unit 5: Electrical transducers-2: Thermoelectric Transducers: Thermoelectric phenomena, common thermocouple systems Piezoelectric Transducers: Piezoelectric phenomena , piezoelectric materials, Piezoelectric transducers for Force, Strain, Torque, Pressure, Accelaration. Magnetostrictive Transducers: Magnetostriction Phenomena , Transducers for Force, Torsion, Hall-effect Transducer and applications, Electromechanical Transducers: Tachometers, Electrodynamic transducers for Vibration and Pressure, Electromagnetic flowmeter, Photoelectric Transducers: Photoelectric phenomenon, Photoconductive Transducers, Photovoltaic Transducers, Photoemissive Transducers

Ionization Transducers: Ionization vacuum Gauges and Displacement Transducers, Nuclear radiation transducers, Radioactive gauges for Vacuum, Thickness and Level measurement, Digital transducers: Digital Displacement Transducers, Digital Tachometer, Electrochemical transducers: Basics of Electrode Potentials, Reference Electrodes, Indicator electrodes, Measurement of pH Unit 6: Miscellaneous Transducers and Systems Feedback transducer systems, data display and recording systems: Self balancing systems, servo operated system, data- loggers, analog and digital readout systems, Analog and magnetic tape recorders, digital input-output devices. List of Experiments: (Any eight)

1. Calibration of pressure gauge using dead weight pressure tester and preparation of report for the same,

Equipment: Dead weight pressure tester setup, Standard weight set, pressure gauge 2. Calibration of glass thermometer using standard thermometer and preparation of report for the same. Equipment: calibrated thermometer as a standard thermometer, glass thermometer, Oven . 3. Characterization of strain gauge indicator and weight measurement using load cell. Equipment: strain gauge indicator with cantilever beam, standard weights, Mulimeter 4. Measurement of displacement using LVDT Equipment: LVDT with displacement measurement setup, CRO, function Generation. 5. Study of encoder as displacement sensor. Equipment: linear / rotary encoder with measurement setup. 6. Characterization of Thermocouples (J/T/K/R/S) Equipment: Oven, thermocouples, Multimeter, thermocouple reference table, Thermocouple simulator, 7. Characterization of RTD (PT100) Equipment: Oven, PT100 probe, RTD simulator, Temperature indicator, Multimeter 8. Calibration of vacuum gauge using vacuum gauge tester and preparation of the report. Equipment: Vacuum gauge tester, standard weights, vacuum gauge 9. study of x-y recorder, x-t recorder, paperless recorder 10. measurement of flow using rotameter 11. measurement of flow using DP cell.

Textbooks: 1. D. V. S. Murty, ‘Transducers and Instrumentation’, PHI, New Delhi, 2003. 2. E.O. Doebelin, ‘Measurement Systems Application and Design’, McGraw

Hill, 4th Edition, 1990. References:

1. D. Patranabis, ‘Principles of Industrial Instrumentation’, Tata McGraw-Hill- ,1986.

2. Rangan, Sarma, Mani, ‘Instrumentation Devices and Systems’ Tata McGraw-Hill, Second Edition.

3. C. D. Johnson, ‘Process Control Technology’ PHI-Seventh Edition. 4. Thomas G. Beckwith, Roy D. Marangoni, John H. Lienhard, ‘Mechanical

Measurements’, International student edition, Addison-Wesley- 5thEd.

Semester III: Automatic Control Systems

Unit-1 Introduction to Control Systems Introduction, brief classification of control systems: Open loop v/s closed loop, feedback v/s feedforward, linear v/s nonlinear, stable v/s unstable, time invariant v/s time variant, causal v/s noncausal (definitions only), representation of electrical, mechanical, electromechanical, thermal, pneumatic, hydraulic systems, force to voltage and force to current analogies. Unit-2:Transfer function, block diagram algebra and signal flow graph Concept of transfer function, block diagram algebra: Rules of block diagram reduction and determination of overall transfer function, Signal flow graph: Mason gain formula and its use to determine the overall transfer function, Conversion of block diagram to signal flow graph. Unit-3: Time domain analysis of control systems Standard test signals: impulse, step, ramp, sinusoidal, complex exponential, impulse response of a control system (from transfer function using inverse Laplace transform), Concept of pole, zero, order and type of a control system, first order , second order systems and their response to impulse and step inputs (for second order systems treat un damped, critically damped, under damped and over damped cases separately), time domain specifications of first order control systems from step response (first five time constants), time domain specifications of second order control systems from step response (natural frequency, damping factor, damped frequency, delay time, rise time, peak time, peak overshoot, settling time for 2% and 5% settling –derivation is expected ), static error constants (kp, kv, ka, ess),dynamic error constants. Unit-4: Stability and Root Locus A] Concept of Stability in s domain Classification of Stability (BIBO stability and asymptotic stability), pole- zero plots in s domain, response term contributed by different types of poles, stability analysis by Hurwitz criterion and Routh array, determination of marginal gain and oscillation frequency using Routh array, concept of relative stability and its analysis using Routh array. B] Root locus: definition, magnitude and angle conditions, construction rules, determination of system gain at any point on root locus (from magnitude condition and by graphical method), root locus of systems with dead time: Concept, approximation of dead time and construction rules.

Unit-5: Frequency Domain Analysis and Stability A] Frequency domain analysis of control systems Response of control systems to sinusoidal inputs, frequency domain specifications of a second order system (resonant frequency, resonant peak), correlation between time domain and frequency domain specifications. B] Stability analysis in frequency domain using Bode plot Bode plot: Actual Bode plot and asymptotic Bode plot, Concept of gain margin, phase margin and bandwidth, stability analysis, Bode plot of systems with dead time, Determination of transfer function from asymptotic Bode plot Unit-6 Stability and State Space Analysis A] Polar plot and stability analysis in frequency domain using Nyquist plot Polar plot: Concept and construction, Nyquist plot: mapping theorem, Nyquist stability criterion, Nyquist plot, special case of Nyquist plot for systems with pole or zero at origin, stability analysis. B] Introduction to state space representation Advantages of state space representation over classical representation, terminology of state space (state, state variables, state equations, state space), obtaining state model from transfer function by direct (companion I and II i.e. controllable canonical and observable canonical forms), parallel and cascade decomposition, Conversion of state model to transfer function

List of experiments: ( Students are expected to perform first experiment and any three experiments out of remaining.)

1. Introduction to MATLAB and control system toolbox. 2. Obtaining transfer function, transient response and time domain

parameters of second order electrical circuit (RLC series network) and compare the results with theoretical values and simulate the experiment using MATLAB.

3. Sketch the root locus for a given system and determine the system gain for a particular value of damping factor. Also simulate the same using MATLAB.

4. Sketch the Bode plot (actual and asymptotic) for a given system and analyse the stability. Also simulate the same using MATLAB.

5. Sketch the Nyquist plot for a given system and analyse the stability. Also simulate the same using MATLAB.

6. Obtain the state model for a given transfer function by direct (companion I and II i.e. controllable canonical and observable canonical forms), parallel and cascade decomposition. Also develop a software program to obtain a state model for a given transfer function using MATLAB.

Text books: 1. I. J. Nagrath, M. Gopal, “Control System Engineering”, 3rd ed., New Age

International Publishers, 1999. 2. B. S. Manke, “Linear Control Systems”, 8th ed., Khanna Publishers, New

Delhi, 2007. 3. A. K. Jairath, “Problems and Solutions of Control Systems”, 4th ed. CBS

Publishes, New Delhi, 2004. Reference books: 1. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, 2nd ed., PHI, New Delhi, 1994. 2. Norman S. Nise, “Control System Engineering”, 4th ed., John Wiley and

Sons, 2003. 3. B. C. Kuo, “Automatic Control Systems”, 3rd ed., PHI, New Delhi, 1979.

1. Non Verbal Communication by Albert Mehrabian, Ph.D., Aldine Atherton, Inc.

2. The Quick and Easy Way to Effective Speaking by Dale Carnegie, Dale Carnegie & Associates, Inc, 290 Motor Parkway, Hauppauge, NY 11788.

3. Effective Communication Skills for Scientific & Technical Professionals by Harry E. Chambers, Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Semester III: Soft skills SUBJECT OBJECTIVE: This program will help learners to: Communicate ideas with force and clarity, plan and organize professional presentations and present written material in captivating manner. Unit 1: Conversation Skills Develop Interpersonal, Intrapersonal skills, Reflective thinking, Critical thinking, Public Speaking skills, Discussion with peers, Listening for effective communication, Vision building, Adaptability. Suggested Activity: Introduce yourself/peer, Analogies, Group Discussions. Unit 2: Presentation Skills Elements of effective presentation, Presentation tools, Structure of presentation, Voice modulation and Body language. Suggested Activity: Technical Presentation, Video samples. Unit 3: Career Skills Present yourself through your ‘Resume’, Improve delivery of written material; get acquainted with the latest communication media. Suggested Activity: Resume writing, Email Communication, Cover letter writing. Unit 4: Writing Skills Present written material in captivating manner, Understand the style, grammar, vocabulary for effective technical writing, Improve delivery of written material. Suggested Activity: Project report writing, Newsletters, Technical manuals and Brochures. Unit 5: Leadership Skills Team playing, Group work, Leadership quality. Suggested Activity: Games based on leader- followers, Priority and Dump Charades. Reference Books:

4. Effective Business and Technical Presentations by George L. Morrisey, MOR Associates, Addison – Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

5. John Seely, The Oxford Guide to Writing & Speaking, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.

6. Barker – Improve Your Communication Skills – Kogan Page India Pvt, Ltd, New Delhi.

• Digital clock Digital Lock,

• Frequency counter

• Time counter

• Sequence generator

• Alarm Annunciator

Semester IV: Digital Techniques

Unit1: Number systems and codes, Binary, Decimal, Hexadecimal, Octal num . ber systems, their conversions and arithmetic operations. BCD, Excess 3, Gray code, ASCII, their conversions and applications. Error detecting and error correcting codes. Minimization techniques: Boolean laws, minimization using Boolean laws, Karnaugh maps and Quine McCluskey method. Implementation of the reduced expression using gates and PLD, CPLD, FPGA. Unit 2: Flip flops Study of SR, JK, MSJK, T, D types of flip flops, conversion of flip flops, Race around condition. TTL oscillators, Conversion of bipolar and unipolar signals to TTL, Manual pulsars, key debouncing techniques. Storage devices, RAM, ROM, EPROM, E2PROM, FLASH memory, Bubble memory, PAL and PAL programming. Basic operation of CD ROM. Unit 3: Counters Asynchronous, synchronous, binary, up-down, presettable and programmable, non sequential, Decade, Mod n counters. Realisation of counters using ICs. Design of counters, state diagram representation. Shift Register: Basic operation, modes, Implementation of Johnson and Ring counter using Shift Register. Unit 4: Logic devices Study of multiplexers, demultiplexers, encoders, decoders, buffers', latches, transceivers. Display interfacing: Interfacing of seven segment LED display to counters, multiplexed display system. Study of various BCD to 7 segment decoder/ driver ICs. Introduction to PLD, CPLD, FPGA Unit 5: Logic families Digital integrated circuits, levels of integration, concept of ECL, TTL CMOS, HMOS, NMOS, PMOS with detailed comparison between TTL and CMOS. Specifications and Operating characteristics of TTL and CMOS devices. Worst case design and interfacing of TTL and CMOs. Tristate logic and applications. Unit 6: Application development using digital devices.

List of Experiments (At least 6 experiments from I to 8, 1 experiment from 9 to 11 and experiment 12 is mandatory) 1 . Code conversion 2. Study of flip flops using ICs and conversion of flip flop from one form to the other. 3. Study of presettable up down counter using IC 74193 or equivalent. 4. Study of Decade counter, Mod 12, Mod 16 counters using ICs 4017, 7490,

7492, 7493 respectively or equivalent. 5, Design of non sequential counter using flip flops. 7476, 7474 6. Design of Mod-n counters using standard counter ICs, 7490, 7412, 7493 7. Design of Ring and Johnson counters using Shift registers 7495 8. Interfacing of 7 segment LED display using 7447, 4033 or equivalent. 9. Study of input and output characteristics of a logic gate for TTL and CMOs

families. 10. Interfacing of TTL and CMOS logic families. 11. Design and implementation of any one application described in Unit 4 12.Implementation of combination logic/ flip flops/ counters using. -PLD/ CP1,"D1

FPGA Note: Use of breadboards is mandatory Text Books 1. Malvino and Leach, “Digital Principals & Applications”, 4th edition, TMH 2. Gothman, ‘Digital Electronics’, 2nd edition, PHI Reference Books 1. Thomas Floyd, ‘Digital Fundamentals’ -, Universal Book Stall, 3rd e/d 2. M. Morris Mano,’ Digital Design’, , Pearson Education Asia, 3rd e/d

Unit 4: Batteries Principle and Construction of Batteries: Types of batteries, performance specifications of Batteries, Physical Size – Weight and life Considerations charging and discharging constrains, battery charging techniques, Battery monitoring Systems. Solar cells Unit 5: Signal converters Voltage to current, current to voltage, voltage to time, voltage to frequency, frequency to voltage, principle and working of VCO (LM 566) and PLL (CD4046) Unit 6: Telemetry Modulation techniques: FM, AM, ASK, FSK, Time division and frequency division multiplexing, applications, signal isolation techniques (MCT2E),

Experiments (Any 6)

1. application of Analog switch CD4051 2. study of SAR type ADC 3. implementation of 4-bit DAC using R/2R ladder 4. implementation of firing circuit for TRIAC using DIAC 5. battery charger for lead –accumulator battery using L200 6. VCO using 566 7. PLL using CD4046 8. voltage to current converter 9. current to voltage converter 10. frequency to voltage converter

Semester IV: Applied Electronics

Unit 1: Analog to Digital Converters Analog switches and multiplexer, CD4051, sample and hold, Principles and working of ADCs: Counter Type, Dual Slope Integration, Flash, Successive Approximation, Unit 2: Digital to analog converters Principles of DACs : PWM, Binary weighted, R/2R ladder, Method of o/p: voltage / current . Resolution, monotonacity, Dynamic range considerations. Unit 3 : Power Devices Characteristics of SCR, DIAC, TRIAC, MOSFET, IGBTs, firing techniques, comparison of MOSFET and IGBT based on switching time, power dissipation, on resistance power handling capacity etc.

Text Books: 1. Ramakant Gaikwad, ‘Operational Amplifiers’, PH

I, 3rd e/d, 1992

2. W. D. Cooper & A. D. Helfrick, ‘Electronic Instrumentation And Measurement Techniques’, PH

I, 4th e/d, 1987

3. Kalsi H. S., ‘Electronic Instrumentation’, TMH, 2nd e/d, 2004 Reference books:

1. Bouwens A. J., ‘Digital Instrumentation’,TMH,2007 2. David Bell, ‘Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements’, PH

I, 2e/d, 3. Art of Electronics-Horrowidtz

Unit 5: Flow transducers: Electromagnetic flow transducers: excitation and detection technique, Ultrasonic transducers: excitation and detection technique, DP cell, Turbine flow meter, Vortex flow meter, Mass flow meter: excitation and detection technique, comparative study for selection of sensors

Semester IV: Transducers and Signal Conditioning

Unit 1: Temperature transducers: RTD and Thermister: Resistance detection techniques, signal conversion techniques for temperature to voltage, current, frequency, time, Semiconductor type sensor: study of temperature sensors (AD590, LM35,LM75) and signal conditioning, Pyrometer: study of optical pyrometer and radiation pyrometer, comparative study for selection of sensors Unit 2: Force and Pressure transducers: Strain gauge and load cell: configuration of strain gauges (2-arm, 4-arm), excitation techniques for strain gauges, detection and signal conversion methods Semiconductor type strain gauge: use of semiconductor strain gauge for pressure sensors, signal conversion from pressure to voltage, current Piezoelectric devices: use of piezoelectric devices for pressure measurement and force generator, necessity of charge amplifier comparative study for selection of sensors

Unit 3: Linear and angular displacement transducers: Ultrasonic transducers, Potentiometers, LVDT, RVDT: excitation methods for transducers, signal detection methods like phase demodulator, instrumentation amplifiers, Photoelectric transducers, optical encoders, stroboscope, tachometer: study and selection of optical sources and excitation techniques, detection of signal and conversion to analog and digital form, Speed pick-up, proximity switches: proximity detection techniques for capacitive, inductive, optical sensors, comparative study for selection of sensors Unit 4: Level transducers for solid and liquid: Electromechanical transducers: design aspects, construction and working of systems, Ultrasonic transducers: excitation and detection technique, interface measurement, Capacitive transducers: excitation and detection technique, limitation of the transducer, Nuclear level gauge: construction and principle of working comparative study for selection of sensors

Unit 6: Miscellaneous Transducers: Acoustic Transducers: microphones, excitation and detection technique, pH meter: selection of electrodes excitation and detection technique, compensation for ambient temperature, Conductivity meter: principle of measurement, excitation and detection technique, Vibration transducers: electromagnetic and piezoelectric techniques, ceramic pick-ups, excitation and detection technique, comparative study for selection of sensors List of experiments: 5 experiments should be performed from following list. 1. Design and implementation of electronic thermometer using PT100 2. Design and implementation of cold junction compensation technique for thermocouple. 3 Design and implementation of force measurement setup using load cell with 2-arm and 4-arm configuration. 4. Design and implementation displacement measurement setup using LVDT 5. Design and implementation displacement measurement setup using optical encoder 6. Design and implementation of liquid level measurement setup using electromechanical system 7. Design and implementation of liquid level measurement setup using capacitive level transducer. 8. characterization of microphone and study of constructional details of sound level meter. 9 study of pH meter and electrodes.

Text books 1. E.O. Doebelin, ‘Measurement Systems Application and Design’,

McGraw Hill, 4th Edition, 1990. 2. Rangan, Sarma, Mani, ‘Instrumentation Devices and Systems’ Tata

McGraw-Hill, Second Edition.

Reference books; 1. Thomas G. Beckwith, Roy D. Marangoni, John H. Lienhard,

‘Mechanical Measurements’, International student edition , Addison-Wesley- 5thEd.

2. D. Patranabis, ‘Principles of Industrial Instrumentation’, Tata McGraw-Hill- 1986.

Unit-2: Optical sources I Electromagnetic spectrum, types of spectra- line, band and continuous light sources, radiometry and photometry, natural sources, incandescent lamp, gas discharge lamp. Unit-3: Optical sources II Light-emitting diodes- electro luminescent process, choice of LED materials, LED structures, infrared sources, semiconductor laser Unit-4: Optical detectors Thermal detectors and Quantum detectors, bolo meter, Photodiodes- PIN and avalanche photodiodes, phototransistors, photo multipliers, IR detectors, Solar cells, CCD devices. Unit-5: Optical components Mirrors-plane mirrors, paraboloidal mirrors, elliptic and hyperbolic mirrors, spherical mirrors. Prisms- dispersion prisms, reflection prisms. Filters- absorption filters and interference filter. ratings- equation of diffraction grating, resolving power, concave grating, volume diffraction grating, holographic grating. Lenses, Polarizers and Beam splitters. Unit-6: Optical instruments Eye, telescopes, microscopes, photographic lenses, optical projection systems, cameras, Abbe’s refractromete, monochromatic. Experiments:

1. To study current-intensity relationship of LED. 2. To plot the radiation pattern of LED. 3. To study current-intensity relationship of Laser diode. 4. To study polarization of light using polarizer-analyzer method. 5. To study application of diffraction grating

a. To determine the wavelength of unknown monochromatic source e.g. laser diode/ sodium vapor lamp.

b. To determine number of lines per inch of CD/DVD.

Semester IV: Photonics and Instrumentation

Unit-1: Fundamentals of light Nature of light, electromagnetic optics spectrum, propagation of light, electromagnetic waves in dielectric media, polarization and coherence, interactions of light with matter, absorption, scattering, dispersion, polarization, diffraction and interference.

6. To determine the spectral bandwidth of LEDs 7. To determine the spectral bandwidth of Laser diode. 8. To study the Abbe’s refractrometer. 9. To design astronomical telescope. 10. To plot the line spectra of Neon lamp. 11. Characterization of opto-isolators.

Textbooks and references: 1. Harold Kolimbiris, ‘Fiber Optics Communications’, Pearson Education,

2004. 2. Pallab Bhattacharya, ‘Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices’, Second

Edition, Pearson Education, 1997. 3. Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera, ‘Handbook of Optical Fibre Sensing

Technology’, John Wiley & Sons, 2001. 4. Eugune Hecht, A.R. Ganesan, ‘Optics’, Fourth Edition, Person Education,

2008.

Unit 1: DC Machines DC generator, working principle, construction feature, types, emf equation, DC motors, motoring action, torque equation for DC motor, characteristics of DC motor, back emf in DC motor, conventional speed control of DC motors, Mathematical model of DC motor, Transfer function etc. Starters & applications. Unit 2: AC Machines Asynchronous Machine: Induction motors (3 phase): Concept of rotating magnetic field, working principle, constructional feature, types, torque equation, torque slip characteristics, efficiency, types of starter, conventional method of speed control. Ac position control system. Synchronous Machine. (Alternators)Working principle, construction feature, emf equation, Synchronous speed of Alternators. Unit 3: Special purpose Machines Working principle, construction feature, application and characteristics of Induction motors (single phase), synchronous motor, stepper motor, servo motor, universal motor. Unit 4: Power devices Construction, principle, Characteristics, Specification, applications of SCR (Gate trigger and communication circuit, series and parallel connection and its triggering arrangement for series and parallel SCRs), TRIAC, DIAC, MOSFET, IGBT and UJT Unit 5: Controlled rectifier Invertors and choppers, Single-phase rectifiers and single phase controlled rectifier (Half-wave and full-wave with resistive, capacitive and inductive loads etc.), 3-phase rectifier and 3 phase-controlled rectifier (Three phase full wave or six-phase half-wave rectifier, bridge rectifier with resistive load, L-C filter etc.) Unit 6: Application of Motor control: Industrial drive AC Motor control (speed control method of induction motor closed loop control, voltage fed inverter control the controlled-slip system slip power recovery system, VFD, braking of induction motor) DC Motor control (single-phase SCR drive, Three-phase SCR drive, power factor in SCR motor devices, reversible SCR drives, starting and dynamic braking of separately excited dc motor, closed loop control system, chopper controlled dc drives).

Semester IV: Drives and Control

Note: Term Work shall be based on the six assignments on above topics by the teacher concerned. Text Books

1. Dave Polka, ‘Motors and Drives’, ISA, 2002 2. P. C. Sen,’ Power Electronics’, TMH, 2007

Reference books

1. B. L. Thareja, Electrical machines’, S. chand & Suns, 2009 2. Mohamad Rashid,’ Power Electronics’, PHI, 2nd e/d, 2004

A- Introduction to.Chemical Instrumental Analysis, advantages over classical methods, classification, various units used in chemical analysis.

B- B. Introduction to Electro analytical methods, potentiornetry, voltametry, coulonietry Unit II: Spectrometric Methods-I A -Laws of Photometry, UV-visible instrument component, photocolorimeters, single and double beam' instruments, various types of UV-visible spectrophotometers. B. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer: Principle, working, hollow cathode lamp, atomizer, back-ground correction. Unit III: Spectrometric Methods-ll.

a. IR spectroscopy: Principle, IR sources, IR detectors, dispersive and Fourier Transform IR spectroscopy.

b. Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle, types, Flame photometer, DC arc and AC arc excitation, plasma excitation.

Unit IV: Spectrometric Methods-III and Miscellaneous Instruments

a. Fluorimeters and Phosphorimeters: Principle, spectrofluorimeters, spectrophosporimeter, Raman effect, Raman spactorometer

b. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectometry. Chemical shift principle, working of NMR, FR-NMR

c. Gas analysers: CO, C02, Hydrocarbons, 02, NOx Unit V: Separative Methods

a. Mass Spectrometer(MS): Principle, ionisation methods, mass analyzer types - magnetic deflection type time of flight, quadrupole, double focusing, detectors for MS.

b. Chromatography: Classification, Gas chromatography: principle, constructional details, GC detectors, High Predominance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): principle, constructional details, HPLC detectors

Unit I:

Unit VI: Radioactive instrumentation

a. X-ray spectrometry: Instrumentation for X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffractometer: Bragg's law, Auger emission spectroscopy, Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis(ESCA)

b. Radiation detectors: Ionisation chamber, Geiger-Muller counter, proportional counter, scintillation counters,

List of Experiments Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments.

1. Study of filter photometer. 2. Study of flame photometer. 3. Study of optical densitometer. 4. Study of UV-visible spectrophotometer. 5. Study of Mass spectrometer. 6. Study of Gas Chromatograph. 7. Study of HPLC. 8. Study of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. 9. Study of NMR. 10. Study of ESR.

Text Books:

1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, Willard, Merritt, Dean, Settle, CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, Seventh edition.

2. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Galen W. Ewing, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Fifth edition

Reference Books:

1. Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, Robert D. Braun, McGraw-Hill Book Company.

2. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, Skoog, Holler, Nieman, Saunders College Publishing, 1998.

Unit I: Introduction to Microcontrollers & Embedded processors

Overview & Features, The MCS-51 Microcontroller : 8051 Pin Description, Connections, I/O Ports, Memory Organization, Timers/Counters, Interrupts, etc Atmel 89C51 & 89C2051 Flash Microcontrollers, Assembly Language Programming Tools

Unit II: Instruction Set & Programming

Addressing Modes, Instruction Set, Assembler Directives, Programming examples, Programming in C, Programming for Timers/Counters, Serial Communications, Interrupts, etc

Unit III: Interfacings to outside world

Interfacing of Displays (LED/LCD) & Keyboards, Interfacing DAC & ADC, Interfacing of Sensors, Interfacing of Stepper motor, Relays, etc Buses & Protocols –RS 232, RS 485, I2C, SPI

Unit IV: The AVR Microcontroller

Introduction to AVR family, The AVR AT Tiny2313, AT Mega8535, Microcontroller, Architecture, Register File, Memory organization, Stack operation Timer, UART, Watchdog timer, Interrupt structure.

Unit V: The AVR Instruction set & programming

AVR hardware design issues AVR System Development tools, Addressing Modes, Instruction set, Programming examples, Communication links

Unit VI: System Design with the AVR

Interfacings of DAC, ADC, Keyboard, Display, stepper motor. Interfacing of serial EEPROM, RTC. System design case studies: Dual channel voltmeter, Data acquisition system design, etc

Semester V: Embedded System Design Prerequisites: Students should be familiar with Digital Electronics, Digital Logic Designs.

List of Experiments Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments ( 5 + 3) 8051/89c51

1. Basic Programs: Arithmetic logical operations, Code Conversions. 2. Basic Programs: Counting/Looping, Stack operations 3. Program for configuration of Timers as timers and counter for:

a. Pulse width measurement b. Frequency measurement c. Square wave generation

4. Interfacing of Digital to Analog Converter or Analog to Digital Converter 5. Interfacing of Displays (LED/LCD) 6. Interfacing of Keyboard 7. Development of an Embedded System.

AVR AT Tiny2313/AT Mega8535

8. Basic Programs: Arithmetic logical operations, Code Conversions. 9. Basic Programs: Counting/Looping, Stack operations 10. Interfacing of Analog to Digital Converter 11. Development of Embedded System. Suggested Books 1. The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems by M. A. Mazidi & J. G. Mazidi

and Mckinlay, Pearson Prentice Hall. 2. Microcontrollers: Theory & Applications by Dr. A. V. Deshmukh, Tata McGraw

Hill Publications 3. Programming and Customizing the AVR Microcontroller by Dhananjay V.

Gadre, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2003.

4. Internet resources for AVR

• Concept of sequencing & Interlocking • Starting, Stopping, Emergency shutdown, (Direct on line, star delta) • Protection of motors: Short circuit protection, Over load Protection, Low/Under

Voltage Protection, Phase reversal Protection, Over temperature Protection • Reversing direction of rotation • Braking • Starting with variable speeds • Jogging/Inching

Motor Control Center: Concept and wiring diagrams

Semester V: Control System Components

Prerequisites: DC/AC Motors, Flapper Nozzle Transducer. Unit I: Industrial Control Devices Switches: Construction, symbolic representation, working, application of Toggle switch, Slide switch, DIP switch, Rotary switch, Thumbwheel switch, Selector switch, Push button, Drum switch, Limit switch, Temperature switch, Pressure switch, Level switch, Flow switch. Relays: Construction, working, specifications/selection criteria and applications of electromechanical relay, Reed relay, hermetically sealed relay, Solid state relays. Contactors: Construction, working, specifications and applications of contactors. Comparison between relay & contactor Unit II: Sequencing & Interlocking for Motors Standard symbols used for Electrical Wiring Diagram, Electrical Wiring Diagram in relation to motors

Unit III: Introduction to Pneumatic, Hydraulic & Electrical systems & their Comparison Pneumatics

Pneumatic components • Pneumatic Power Supply and its components • Pneumatic relay (Bleed & Non bleed, Reverse & direct) • Single acting & Double acting cylinder • Special cylinders: Cushion, Double rod, Tandem, Multiple position, Rotary • Filter Regulator Lubricator (FRL) • Pneumatic valves (direction controlled valves, flow control etc) • Special types of valves like relief valve, pressure reducing etc. • Time delay valve • Air motors Pneumatic Circuits • Standard Symbols used for developing pneumatic circuits • Sequence diagram (step-displacement) for implementing pneumatic circuits • Different Pneumatic Circuits: Reciprocating, Sequencing, Anti-cycle repetition,

Block transfer, Speed regulation etc

Unit IV: Hydraulics

Hydraulic components: • Hydraulic supply • Hydraulic pumps • Actuator (cylinder & motor) • Hydraulic valves

Hydraulic Circuits • Standard Symbols for developing hydraulic circuits • Different Hydraulic Circuits: Meter in, Meter out, Reciprocating, speed control,

Sequencing of cylinders, Direction control etc

Unit V: Auxiliary components

Construction, working & applications of: Synchros, Feeders, Dampers, Alarm annunciator, High/low selectors, Flow totalizer, Computing relays, Seals, Snubber. Circuit Breaker: Need of Circuit Breaker, Operating Principle, and Types. Fuses: Desirable characteristics, Materials according to rating, Terminology (Fusing Current, Current rating of fuse element, fusing factor) & Types of fuses. Fluidic Control Devices: -Characteristics, Principle of Operation, Bistable & Proportional Amplifier & applications.

Unit VI: Instrument connections:

Pipe and pipe fittings, Flanged pipe fittings, Tapered thread pipe fittings, Parallel thread pipe fittings, Sanitary pipe fittings, Tube and tube fittings, Compression tube fittings, Common tube fitting types and Bending instrument tubing.

Safety in Instrumentation & Control Systems: Hazardous Area & Material classification as per NEC Standards, Explosion Proof Housing, Encapsulation, Sealing, & Immersion, Purging systems. Intrinsic Safety: -Definition, Designing for intrinsic Safety, Isolation or Encapsulation (Series & Shunt Protective elements, & Zener barrier)

List of Experiments:

Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments

1. Implementation of Logic Gates using relays. 2. Study of various pneumatic and hydraulic components and power supplies. 3. Implementation and testing of Pneumatic circuits. 4. Implementation and testing of Hydraulic circuits. 5. Study of Synchro transmitter and receiver system 6. Study of Pressure/temperature/level/flow Switches (any two). 7. Study of Motor control Center based on industrial visit. 8. Demonstration & study of auxiliary components like, flow totalizer, Alarm annunciator,

computing relay (any two) 9. Designing intrinsic safety circuits (Zener barriers)

Text Books:

1. Industrial Electronics, Petruzella, McGraw-Hill 2. Pneumatic Instrumentation, Majumdhar, TMH 3. Industrial Hydraulics, Pipenger

Reference Books: 1. Pneumatics, Festo Didactic 2. Hydraulics, Festo Didactic 3. Process control and Instrument technology, C.D.Johnson, TMH. 4. Process Control, Instrument Engineering Hand book, B.G. Liptak, Butterworth-

Heinemann Ltd 5. Process Instruments and Controls Handbook, Douglas M. Considine, McGraw-Hill. 6. Power Systems by V.K.Mehata, S.chand Publication.

Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments 1. Measurement of bandwidth of X and Y amplifier of CRO -using source and rise time

method 2. Study and application of Universal counters 3. Study of DSO - measurement of response time. of relay using DSO 4. Study of DMM and RMS meter, 5. Study and application of ADC 0809 6. Study and application of DAC 0808 7. Study of Arbitrary waveform generator 8. System building and simulation on Virtual Instrumentation 9. Study of R, L, C, Q meter

Semester V: Electronic Instrumentation Unit I: Measuring Instruments: True RMS measurement and DMM, R, L, C, Q measurement technique, active passive component testing, Automatic Test Equipment. Unit II: Function generator, Sine, square, triangular, ramp Wave generator, pulse generator, sine wave synthesis, arbitrary waveform generator. Unit III: Oscilloscope: Dual Trace Oscilloscope, sweep modes, active, passive probes, delay line, Digital Storage Oscilloscope and its features like roll, refresh, sampling rate, application of the same in instrumentation and measurement, sampling oscilloscope. Unit IV: ADC and DAC techniques, types, and their specifications, V to F converter, Sample and hold, analog multiplexer, data loggers. Unit V: Digital Instrumentation: Universal counter and its mode – totalizing frequency, period, time interval, ratio, measurement errors, application of counters for, frequency meter, capacitance meter and timers, automation digital instruments. Unit VI: Virtual Instrumentation and its applications, Wave analyzer , Distortion analyzer, spectrum analyzers. List of Experiments:

10. Study of Distortionmeter -measurement distortion in mains signal List of Equipments: 1 .CRO, DSO, 2. Universal counter, 3. True RMS meter, 4. Arbitrary waveform generator, 5. Virtual instrumentation Package (Labview or equivalent), 6. ADC 0809, DAC 0808, 7. R, L, C, Q meter. Text Books:

1. Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Cooper, PHl 2. Digital Instrumentation, A. J. Bowen 3. Digital Instrumentation, Kalsi

Reference books,

1. Electronic Instrumentation Handbook, Coombs. 2. Electronic Instrumentation. Oliver Cage, McGraw Hill. 3. Digital Instrumentation, J. J. Carr.

Unit I: Strategic Industrial Management Introduction to Management, definition, functions, and principles. Strategic planning, types of business strategy, Business environment, SWOT analysis, Developing competitive advantage profile and Environmental, Threat and opportunity Profile. BCG Matrix porter’s 5 forces of competition Management techniques for developing strategy Viz., Balanced score card, opportunity Identification, Area Vs product Matrix, Mind Mapping etc, performance Management and analysis techniques viz, Ishikawa/Reverse Ishikawa diagrams, Business process Re-engineering. Unit II : Quality, Health and Environment Management and Enterprise Excellence Quality Circles/Forums, Quality Objectives, use of Statistical Process control, Introduction to ISO 9000 and Role of R & D, Innovation, Industry Institute Interaction, Long Term Economic Stability Business expansion, diversion, Mergers and Takeovers, Global Market, Exports orientation, Effect of GAT/WTO agreement, Introduction to Intellectual property Right, patent and copy right.

Unit III: Production Planning, Inventory Control and Supply Chain Management Manufacturing Excellence, Outsourcing, Production planning techniques, Purchase and Inventory Management, Inventory control using Economic Order Quantity, Minimum Order Quality, Ordering Level, store keeping, Finished goods, semi finished goods, raw material handling and storage, Value Addition, Supply Chain concepts and management for leveraging profit.

Unit IV: Human Resources Management Manpower planning, Human Resources: exploiting true potential, Staff training and development, Motivation, Selection and training of manpower, Appraisal and increments management, Leadership skills, Delegation and development for growth, objectives and job Description/Role summary.

Unit V: Financial & Project Management Capital Structure, Fixed & working capital, sources of finance. Introduction to capital budgeting, Methods of capital budgeting. Break even analysis, assumptions, importance, CVP graph, Role of Securities and Exchange Board of India ( SEBI) , function of money market and capital Market, Project Management, Project network analysis, CPM, PERT and Project crashing and resource Leveling.

Semester V: Industrial Management

Unit VI : Disaster Management Introduction to Disaster Management. Man-made and Natural disaster – causes and effects, Disaster mitigation mechanism. Safety and Environmental norms ( ISO 14000) Global Warming. Text Books:

(1) Management in Engineering – Gail Freeman-Bell and James Balkwill (PHI). (2) Industrial organization and Engineering Economic- T.R.Bange and S.C. Sharma. (3) Engineering Economics C.D. Stervens (4) Elementary Economic Theory – Dr. R.D. Gupta. (5) Business Organization and Management- M.C. Shukla. Ref.Books : (1) Business Poly – Azar Kazmi (2) Resisting Intellectual property – Halbert, Taylor & Francis – 2007 – PHI

Semester V: Application Programming

It is desirable to know Graphical User Interface (GUI) development for Instrumentation Engineers. The students are expected to develop GUI in any of the following programming tools and perform minimum 8 experiments: Visual Basic, Python ( Freely available on Internet), PERL or JAVA.

�� LLaappllaaccee ttrraannssffoorrmm aanndd ii ttss pprrooppeerrttiieess.. �� IInnvveerrssee LLaappllaaccee ttrraannssffoorrmmss.. �� ZZ-- TTrraannssffoorrmm aanndd ii ttss pprrooppeerrttiieess.. �� IInnvveerrssee ZZ-- ttrraannssffoorrmmss.. � BBaassiiccss ooff CC-- llaanngguuaaggee aanndd MMAATTLLAABB // OOCCTTAAVVEE PPrrooggrraammmmiinngg

Unit I:

�� IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo SSiiggnnaallss && SSyysstteemmss:: CCllaassssii ff iiccaattiioonn ooff ssiiggnnaallss aanndd ssyysstteemmss.. PPrrooppeerrttiieess ooff ddiissccrreettee ttiimmee ssyysstteemmss.. RReepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff ddiissccrreettee ttiimmee ssiiggnnaallss iinn tteerrmmss ooff wweeiigghhtteedd iimmppuullsseess.. CCoonnvvoolluuttiioonn ssuumm.. MMeetthhooddss ffoorr ff iinnddiinngg ccoonnvvoolluuttiioonn.. CCoorrrreellaattiioonn:: CCrroossss CCoorrrreellaattiioonn aanndd AAuuttoo CCoorrrreellaattiioonn..

� DDiiffffeerreennccee eeqquuaattiioonnss aanndd ddiiffffeerreennttiiaall eeqquuaattiioonnss:: SSoolluuttiioonn bbyy ccllaassssiiccaall mmeetthhoodd,, nnaattuurraall rreessppoonnssee,, ffoorrcceedd rreessppoonnssee.. FFiinnddiinngg ssoolluuttiioonn ooff ddii ff ffeerreennccee eeqquuaattiioonn bbyy zz-- ttrraannssffoorrmm mmeetthhoodd

Unit II:

�� FFrreeqquueennccyy RReessppoonnssee CChhaarraacctteerriissttiiccss ooff LLTTII ssyysstteemmss:: FFrreeqquueennccyy rreessppoonnssee ooff LLTTII ssyysstteemmss,, iiddeeaall ff rreeqquueennccyy sseelleeccttiivvee ff ii ll tteerrss,, mmaaggnnii ttuuddee aanndd pphhaassee rreessppoonnssee,, ggrroouupp ddeellaayy,, ssyysstteemm ffuunnccttiioonnss ooff LLTTII ssyysstteemmss:: ssttaabbii ll ii ttyy aanndd ccaauussaall ii ttyy,, iinnvveerrssee ssyysstteemmss,, ssiiggnnii ff iiccaannccee ooff ppoolleess aanndd zzeerrooss..

�� SSttrruuccttuurree ooff FFIIRR aanndd IIIIRR ffiilltteerrss:: SSttrruuccttuurreess ffoorr ddiissccrreettee ttiimmee ssyysstteemmss,, bblloocckk ddiiaaggrraamm rreepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff ll iinneeaarr ccoonnssttaanntt ccooeeffff iicciieenntt ddii ff ffeerreennccee eeqquuaattiioonnss,, DDiirreecctt ffoorrmm II,, II II .. SSiiggnnaall ff llooww ggrraapphh rreepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff LLCCCCDDEE,, bbaassiicc ssttrruuccttuurree ffoorr II IIRR ssyysstteemmss,, ddii rreecctt ffoorrmmss,, ccaassccaaddee,, ppaarraall lleell ffoorrmmss,, llaattttiiccee,,,, ttrraannssppoosseedd ffoorrmmss.. BBaassiicc ssttrruuccttuurree ffoorr FFIIRR ssyysstteemmss,, ddii rreecctt ffoorrmm,, ccaassccaaddee ffoorrmm..

Unit III:

Introduction to Fourier Transform and its significance. RReepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff ppeerriiooddiicc aanndd nnoonn-- ppeerriiooddiicc sseeqquueenncceess.. TThhee DDiissccrreettee TTiimmee FFoouurriieerr TTrraannssffoorrmm ((DDTTFFTT)),, tthhee ddiissccrreettee FFoouurriieerr sseerriieess,, pprrooppeerrttiieess ooff DDFFSS,, FFoouurriieerr TTrraannssffoorrmm ooff PPeerriiooddiicc ssiiggnnaallss,, ssaammppll iinngg ooff FFoouurriieerr TTrraannssffoorrmm,, FFoouurriieerr rreepprreesseennttaattiioonn ooff ff iinnii ttee dduurraattiioonn sseeqquueenncceess,, tthhee ddiissccrreettee FFoouurriieerr ttrraannssffoorrmm,, pprrooppeerrttiieess ooff DDFFTT,, ssyymmmmeettrryy pprrooppeerrttiieess,, ccii rrccuullaarr ccoonnvvoolluuttiioonn,, ll iinneeaarr ccoonnvvoolluuttiioonn uussiinngg DDFFTT,, iimmpplleemmeennttaattiioonn ll iinneeaarr ttiimmee iinnvvaarriiaanntt ssyysstteemmss uussiinngg DDFFTT..

Semester VI: Digital Signal Processing Fundamentals Pre- requisite:

Unit IV: EEffffeeccttiivvee ccoommppuuttaattiioonn ooff DDFFTT.. GGooeerrttzzeell aallggoorrii tthhmm,, RRaaddiixx--22 DDeecciimmaattiioonn iinn ttiimmee FFFFTT aallggoorrii tthhmm,, RRaaddiixx--22 DDeecciimmaattiioonn iinn ffrreeqquueennccyy aallggoorrii tthhmm .. IInn ppllaaccee ccoommppuuttaattiioonn,, bbii tt rreevveerrssee,, aall tteerrnnaattiivvee ffoorrmmss.. IIFFFFTT bbyy uussiinngg DDIITT aanndd DDIIFF aallggoorrii tthhmm

Unit V: FFIIRR FFiilltteerrss

IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo FFIIRR ff ii ll tteerrss,, ll iinneeaarr pphhaassee ff ii ll tteerrss,, ssyymmmmeettrriicc aanndd aannttii ssyymmmmeettrriicc ff ii ll tteerrss,, FFIIRR ddeessiiggnn bbyy FFoouurriieerr aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn,, WWiinnddooww mmeetthhoodd,, ffrreeqquueennccyy ssaammppll iinngg mmeetthhoodd,, ooppttiimmaall eeqquuii rriippppllee FFIIRR ddeessiiggnn.. DDeessiiggnn ooff FFIIRR ff ii ll tteerrss uussiinngg KKaaiisseerr WWiinnddooww..

Unit VI: IIIIRR FFiilltteerrss

IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo II IIRR ff ii ll tteerrss,, BBuutttteerrwwoorrtthh aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn,, CChheebbyysshheevv aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn.. DDeessiiggnn ooff II IIRR ff ii ll tteerr:: iimmppuullssee iinnvvaarriiaannccee mmeetthhoodd,, bbii ll iinneeaarr ttrraannssffoorrmmaattiioonn,, aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn ddeerriivvaattiivvee mmeetthhoodd,, lleeaasstt ssqquuaarree mmeetthhoodd,, PPaaddee aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn.. FFrreeqquueennccyy ttrraannssffoorrmmaattiioonnss:: llooww ppaassss ttoo hhiigghh ppaassss,, bbaanndd ppaassss,, bbaanndd rreejjeecctt.. CCoommppaarriissoonn bbeettwweeeenn FFIIRR aanndd II IIRR ff ii ll tteerrss

List of Experiments:

Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments (Any 5 from 1-8 and any 3 from 9-12 )

11.. RReessppoonnssee ooff tthhee ssyysstteemm ffoorr ssttaannddaarrdd iinnppuutt ssiiggnnaallss.. 22.. CCoonnvvoolluuttiioonn ssuumm aanndd vveerrii ffyyiinngg pprrooppeerrttiieess ooff CCoonnvvoolluuttiioonn.. 33.. CCoorrrreellaattiioonn.. 44.. MMaaggnnii ttuuddee aanndd PPhhaassee rreessppoonnssee ffoorr tthhee ggiivveenn ssyysstteemm.. 55.. DDiissccrreettee FFoouurriieerr TTrraannssffoorrmm aanndd IInnvveerrssee DDFFTT.. 66.. CCiirrccuullaarr CCoonnvvoolluuttiioonn.. 77.. LLiinneeaarr ccoonnvvoolluuttiioonn uussiinngg DDFFTT.. 88.. FFFFTT uussiinngg DDIITT aanndd DDIIFF aallggoorrii tthhmm.. 99.. DDeessiiggnn && IImmpplleemmeenntt ooff FFIIRR ff ii ll tteerr uussiinngg wwiinnddoowwiinngg mmeetthhoodd.. 1100.. DDeessiiggnn && IImmpplleemmeenntt ooff II IIRR ff ii ll tteerr uussiinngg bbuutttteerr wwoorrtthh aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn.. 1111.. DDeessiiggnn && IImmpplleemmeenntt ooff II IIRR ff ii ll tteerr uussiinngg CChheebbyysshheevv aapppprrooxxiimmaattiioonn 12. II IIRR ff ii ll tteerr ddeessiiggnn uussiinngg lleeaasstt ssqquuaarree mmeetthhoodd

Text Books:

1) Proakis J. G and D. G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal processing, Principles, Algorithms and Applications”, PHI.

2) Oppenheim A. V and R. W. Schafer, “Discrete Time Signal Processing”, Person Education, India.

3) P. Ramesh Babu, “Digital Signal Processing”, Sci- Tech Publications. References:

1) S. K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing: A Computer based Approach”, TMH, 2001. 2) Johnson J. R, “Introduction to Digital Signal Processing”, PHI. 3) SScchhaauumm’’ ss OOuuttll iinneess:: ““ DDiiggii ttaall SSiiggnnaall PPrroocceessssiinngg”” ,, TTMMHH.. 4) RRaabbnniieerr,, GGoolldd,, ““ TThheeoorryy aanndd AAppppll iiccaattiioonnss ooff DDiiggii ttaall SSiiggnnaall PPrroocceessssiinngg”” ,, TTMMHH..

A. Overview of Power Generation

Unit IV Boiler Instrumentation

Semester VI: Process Plant Instrumentation

Unit I Unit Operations Basic concepts and principals of commonly used unit operations with processes and their study related to different process industries like distillation, extraction, drying, humidification / dehumidification, filtration, absorption etc Basic concepts behind pumps, compressors, fans, blowers etc. Unit II Heat and Mass Transfer Heat Transfer: Energy Balance, heat transfer coefficients, double pipe, shell & tube heat exchangers, boilers, condensers, evaporators, cooling towers, water & waste water treatment, refrigeration plants. Process & mechanical design considerations in brief. Mass Transfer: Material balance with or without chemical reactions mass transfer coefficients. Process & mechanical design considerations for equipment for unit operations of Unit 1 in brief. Unit III

Brief survey of methods of power generation-hydro, thermal, nuclear, solar and wind power – importance of instrumentation in power generation – Thermal power plants – building blocks – details of boiler processes P & I diagram of boiler –cogeneration. B. Measurements in Power Plants Electrical measurements – current, voltage, power, frequency, power-factor etc., non-electrical parameters – flow of feed water, fuel, air and steam with correction factor for temperature – steam pressure and steam temperature-drum level measurement – radiation detector – smoke density measurement – dust monitor.

Boiler Instrumentation: Types of Boilers like FBC, CFBC, DIPC, Fluidized Bed etc Control and optimization, Combustion control, air to fuel ratio control, 3-element drum level control, steam temperature and pressure control, oxygen/CO2 in flue gases, furnace draft, boiler interlocks, sequence event recorder, supervisor control, data acquisition controls, burner management systems and controllers. Start-up and shut-down procedures, Boiler safety standard, Boiler inspection procedures, Boiler load calculation, boiler efficiency calculation.

Unit V A. Turbine Instrumentation Turbine instrumentation and control, start-up and shut-down , thermal stress control, condition monitoring & power distribution instrumentation. Synchronous, Induction generators Speed, Vibration, shell temperature monitoring and control-steam pressure control – lubricant oil temperature control – cooling system.

B. Analyzers in Power Plants

Unit VI

Text Books: 1. Unit operations in Chemical Engg. McCabe Smith 4/e McGraw Hill. 2. Outline chemical technology. M gopal Rao & M. Sitting 3/E East West 1973. 3. Energy Technology Handbook ,Considine D.M.,MGH 4. Process Control, B.G. Liptak Reference Books: 1. Chemical Engineering Hand Book, Peiry, Mc-Graw Hill. 2. Chemical reaction Engineering O Leven spiel J. Wiley & Sons. 3. Boiler Control Systems, David Lindsley, Mc-Graw Hill 4. Computer Based Industrial control by Krishna Kant.

Flue gas oxygen analyser – analysis of impurities in feed water and steam – dissolved oxygen analyser – chromatography – PH meter-fuel analyser – pollution monitoring instruments.

Power Generation using non-conventional energy sources viz. Wind Power, solar Power, Tidal Power, Plant safety & redundancies. Nuclear Power Generation & control Station. Diesel Generator Controls

a. Fundamentals of process control: Elements of process control loop, Concept of Process variables, set point, controlled variable, manipulated variable, load variable. Representation of Process loop components using standard symbols (basics with reference to control loop), and Examples of process loops like temperature, flow, level, pressure etc.

b. Transmitters: Need of transmitter (concept of field area & control room area), Need for standardization of signals, Current, voltage, and pneumatic signal standards, Concept of live & dead zero.

Types of transmitters: Two and four wire transmitters, Electronic and Pneumatic transmitters Electronic Differential Pressure Transmitter: Types, Mounting (Installation), Manifold, Calibration setup, Application of DPT for Level measurement, Zero elevation, suppression, Square root extractor. Signal conditioning (analog & digital) for RTD & T/C, span & zero adjustment. SMART: Comparison with conventional transmitter, Block schematic, Wireless transmitters

Unit II: Controller Basics

Process Characteristics • Process load, Process lag, Self Regulation, Distance/velocity lag (dead time),

Capacity. Control System Parameters • Error, Variable Range, Control Lag, Cycling, Direct/Reverse Action. Control Actions Discontinuous: ON/OFF, Multiposition Control, Floating Control. Continuous: Proportional (offset), Integral (Reset windup), Derivative, Proportional- Integral, Proportional- Derivative, Proportional- Integral-derivative, Antireset windup, Rate before Reset, Concept of Bump less transfers in PID controller, Effect of process characteristics on PID combination, Selection & application of controller actions.

Semester VI: Process Loop Components Unit I:

Unit III:

Tuning of controller: Different Criteria like Quarter Amplitude Decay Ratio, Loop disturbance, Optimum Control, Measure of Quality, Stability Criteria. Tuning Methods: Process Reaction Curve (open loop), Ziegler Nichols (closed loop), & Frequency Response Method. Digital PID controllers: Velocity & Position algorithm, Block Schematic,

Faceplate of Digital controller, Direct Digital Control. Current to pneumatic converter & Pressure to Current converter. Continuous versus Discrete Process Control, Relay based ladder diagram using standard symbols, Limitations of relay based system.

Unit IV: Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

Architecture of PLC, Types of Input & Output modules (AI, DI, DO, AO), Wiring diagram, Interfacing pneumatic & Hydraulic systems to PLC, Fixed & Modular PLC (Rack, slot, grouping), PLC specifications, PLC manufacturers, PLC Basic instructions, Timers & Counters, PLC ladder diagram, PLC programming for process applications, Introduction to analog programming.

Unit V: Control valve

Necessity, comparison with other final control elements, Control valve Characteristics: (Inherent & Installed) Control valve terminology: Rangeability, Turndown, valve capacity, viscosity index, AO, AC (Fail Safe Action) etc. Classification of control valve based on: valve body. Construction, type of actuation, application etc. Construction, Advantages, Disadvantages & applications of Globe: Single, double, 3way, angle, Gate, Needle, Diaphragm, Rotary valves, Ball, Butterfly. Types of actuators: Construction, Advantages, Disadvantages & applications: Spring Diaphragm & Smart actuators. Control valve accessories: Positioners: Applications/Need, Types, Effect on performance of Control valves. Volume boosters, Pressure boosters, Reversing relay, Solenoid valves, Air lock, Position indicating switches, Electro pneumatic converter, Hand wheel.

Unit VI: Control Valve Sizing

Cv sizing concept & basic equations Designing control valve for gas, vapor and liquid services: Valve sizing by ANSI/ISA 75.01 STD, Valve capacity testing by ANSI/ISA 75.02 Effect and remedies of cavitations and flashing. Control valve noise generation and remedies High temperature and High-pressure service valves Control valve dynamic performance. Control valve application & selection

List of Experiments:

Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments (Experiment No. 6 & 10 are compulsory)

1. Design of signal conditioning for a K-type/J-type thermocouple. 2. Study of Temperature transmitter. 3. Study of D.P. Transmitter and its application for flow or level. 4. Study of Square Root Extractor. 5. Study and Calibration of I/P & P/I converter 6. Study & verification of different control actions (P, I, D, PI, PD, PID) for step Input. 7. Tuning of PID controller 8. Study of Control valve & plot the characteristics of Control valve 9. Control valve design using any software package. 10. Study of PLC and PLC Programming 11. Interfacing PLC to hydraulic & pneumatic circuits

Text Books 1. Process control and Instrument technology, C.D.Johnson, TMH 2. Instrumentation for Process measurement and control, N.A. Anderson, CRC Press 3. Introduction to Programmable Logic Controller, Gary Dunning, DELMAR Cengage

Learning. 4. Programmable Logic Controller, Webb, PHI

Reference Books 1. Tuning of Industrial control systems, ISA 2. Control valve Handbook, ISA 3. Process Instruments and Controls Handbook, Douglas M. Considine, McGraw-Hill. 4. Process Control, Instrument Engineering Hand book, B.G. Liptak, Butterworth-

Heinemann Ltd 5. Programmable Logic Controller, NIIT 6. Fundamentals of Process Control Theory, Paul Murrill, ISA 7. Lessons In Industrial Instrumentation, By Tony R. Kuphaldt, Version 0.4 – Released

January 11, 2009.

List of Experiments: Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments 1. Power supply for loop powered transmitters, 2. Study and application of linear optoisolator HCNR201, 3. Study and application of instrumentation amplifiers AD524,

Semester VI: Instrumentation System Design

Unit I: Basic concepts of instrument design: Functional requirements and specifications, Operational environment NEMA, BIS, DIN and ANSI standards with special reference to packaging standards - IP34, 54,57 Unit II: Guidelines for enclosure, components and accessories': Grounding and shielding techniques noise in electronic circuits, EMI/ EMC protection against EMI, ESD selection of cables, connectors, types of knobs,; mechanical fixture PCB holders, clamps, control panel layout engonomics, types of' gear boxes and drives. Unit III: Analog system design guidelines and application: single chip devices instrumentation amplifiers AD524 or equivalent log, antilog amplifiers AD538 or equivalent linear optoisolator HCNR201 or equivalent, V to I converters XTR110 or equivalent, signal conditioners AD594, 595 or equivalent. Unit IV: Digital system design guideline and application: single chip devices, Phase Locked Loop CD4046 or equivalent, programmable counters ICM 7217 or equivalent multidigit counters with display drivers 74C926 or equivalent, digital Panel meters 7107 or equivalent, optoisolator MCT2 E equivalent, power drivers ULN2803 or equivalent, microcontroller MCS-51 or equivalent- Unit V: Printed circuit board design guidelines: general components loyout scheme, PCB size mechanical stress, design rules for analog and digital circuit PCB, single, multi layer and SMD boards,Artwork CAD packages, soldering techniques Unit VI: System performance and documentation: System simulation using virtual instrumentation, troubleshooting and documentation. Reliability and testing, Calibration methods and tractability standards.

4. Study and application of signal conditioners AD594, 5. frequency multiplier using PLL CD4046, 6. Study and application of 74C926, 7. Study and application of ULN2803, 8. Study and application of aptoisolator MCT2E, 9. Designing of PCB on above any one application.

List of Equipment: 1 .Lab Power supply, 2. CRO, 3. Multimeter, 4. Semiconductors or their equivalents - HCNR201, AD524, AD594, CD4046, 74CO26, ULN2803, MCT2E 5. Bread boards, other components for above applications, 6. CAD package for PCB designing, Text and Reference Books:

1. Electrostatic Discharge and Electronic Equipment, Warren Boxleitner IEEE press. 2. Printed Circuit Boards, Walter C. Bosshart, CEDT series, TMH. 3. Reliability Engineedng,.E. Baiguruswamy. 4. Noise Reduction Techniques, Ott. 5. Process Control, B. G. Liptak. 6. Machine Design, V. B. Bhandari, Tata McGraw Hill. 7. Machine design Pandya Shah 8. 8. Data manual for analog and digital lCs by - National semiconductors, Analog Devices,

SGS Thompson, Texas, Motorola.

Semester VI: Control System Design

Unit I: Compensators and compensator design using root locus approach Need of compensators, types of compensators (series, feedback and feedforward – introduction only), root locus approach: addition of zero, addition of pole. Types of series compensators (lead, lag, lag-lead) and their transfer functions, Electrical lead, lag and lag- lead compensating networks, lead, lag and lag-lead compensator design using root locus approach. Unit II: Compensator design using Bode plot approach Lead, lag and lag-lead compensator design using Bode plot approach. Unit III: Control actions and Controller tuning Control actions ( ON-OFF, proportional, integral, derivative, proportional plus integral, proportional plus derivative, proportional plus integral plus derivative, Controller tuning by Ziegler-Nichols methods (step response reaction curve method and frequency response method), Cohen Coon tuning method, Obtaining controller settings (kp,Ti,Td) through Ziegler-Nichols frequency response method using Routh array and Bode plot approaches. Unit IV: Controller Design Design of PI/PD/PID controller for getting required performance specifications (damping factor, natural frequency, steady state error, phase margin, static error constants) using root locus and Bode plot approaches, Direct synthesis of controller, controller design for systems with and without dead time through controller synthesis formula. Unit V: Analysis of control system in state space State transition matrix: Definition, derivation and properties, computation by Laplace transform method, infinite series, Cayley Hamilton method, Similarity transformation method, solution of state equation, diagonalisation of plant matrix through similarity transformations, concept of controllability: definition, derivation for the necessary and sufficiency condition for complete state controllability, controllability matrix, concept of observability: definition, derivation for the necessary and sufficiency condition for complete state observability, observability matrix, stability analysis in state space: Lyapunov stability test. Unit VI: Design concepts in state space State variable feedback, control system design via pole placement: necessary and sufficiency condition, derivation for state feedback gain matrix K through sufficiency condition, Ackermann

formula, coefficient comparision method. State observer: necessity, types, theory, design of full order state observer, principle of duality between state feedback gain matrix K and observer gain matrix Ke, quadratic optimal control systems: concept of performance index, ISE, IAE, ITAE, ITSE, design of optimal state regulator using reduced matrix Riccati equation.

List of Experiments:

Students are expected to perform Minimum 8 Experiments

1. Study of magnitude and phase characteristics of lead, lag and lag-lead compensator (Use MATLAB).

2. Design a lead / lag compensator for getting desired specifications by root locus approach. 3. Design a lead / lag compensator for getting desired specifications by Bode plot approach. 4. For a given third or higher order system transfer function, obtain controller settings of

P,PI,PID controllers (kp,Ti,Td) through Ziegler-Nichols frequency response method using Bode plot approach (Use MATLAB).

5. Design of PI/PD/PID controller for getting required performance specifications (damping factor, natural frequency, steady state error, phase margin, static error constants) using root locus and Bode plot approaches.

6. Design a controller using direct controller synthesis for getting specified closed loop response (Use MATLAB).

7. Check for complete state controllability and complete state observability of a given system (Use MATLAB).

8. Design a state feedback controller through pole placement (Use MATLAB). 9. Design full order state observer using principle of duality between state feedback gain

matrix K and observer gain matrix Ke (Use MATLAB). 10. Design optimal state regulator for minimizing given performance index using reduced

matrix Riccati equation (Use MATLAB).

List of text books:

1. B. S. Manke, “Control System Design”, 1st ed., Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2007. 2. I. J. Nagrath, M. Gopal, “Control System Engineering”, 3rd ed., New Age International

Publishers, 1999. List of reference books:

1. K. Ogata, “Modern Control Engineering”, 2nd ed., PHI, New Delhi, 1994. 2. Norman S. Nise, “Control System Engineering”, 4th ed., John Wiley and Sons, 2003. 3. B. C. Kuo, “Automatic Control Systems”, 3rd ed., PHI New Delhi, 1979. 4. Graham C. Goodwin, Stefan F. Graebe and M. E. Salgado, “Control system Design”,

PHI, New Delhi, 2002.

SemesterVI: Seminar The term work will consist of a report prepared by every student on the seminar topic allotted to them and oral presentation. The student is expected to submit the seminar report in standard format approved by the University. The topic for the seminar should necessarily be out of syllabus and relevant to the latest trends in Instrumentation and Control.

Steady state gain, Process gain, Valve gain, Process time constant, Variable time Constant, Transmitter gain, Linearising a equal percentage valve, Variable pressure drop. Analysis of Flow Control, Pressure Control, Liquid level Control, Temperature control, SLPC-features, faceplate, functions, MLPC- features, faceplate, functions, SLPC and MLPC comparison. Scaling: types of scaling, examples of scaling Unit 3: Feedback Control:

Basic principles, Elements of the feedback Loop, Block Diagram, Control Performance Measures for Common Input Changes, Selection of Variables for Control Approach to Process Control. Factors in Controller Tuning, Determining Tuning Constants for Good Control Performance, Correlations for tuning Constants, Fine Tuning of the controller tuning Constants. The performance of feedback Systems, Practical Application of Feedback Control: Equipment Specification, Input Processing, Feedback Control Algorithm, Output Processing. Unit 4: MultiLoop & Nonlinear Systems:

Cascade control, Feed forward control, feedback-feedforward control, Ratio control, Selective Control , Split range control- Basic principles, Design Criteria , Performance, Controller Algorithm and Tuning, Implementation issues, Examples and any special features of the individual loop and industrial applications. Nonlinear Elements in Loop: Limiters, Dead Zones, Backlash, Dead Band Velocity Limiting, Negative Resistance, Improvement in nonlinear process performance through: Deterministic Control Loop Calculations, Calculations of the measured variable, final control element selection, cascade control design, Real time implementation issues

Semester VII: Process Instrumentation

Prerequisite: Basics of Principals of Sensors and Transducers, Control System Component and Process Loop Control Unit 1: Process characteristics: Incentives for process control, Process Variables types and selection criteria,, Process degree of freedom, The period of Oscillation and Damping, Characteristics of physical System: Resistance, Capacitive and Combination of both. Elements of Process Dynamics, Types of processes- Dead time, Single /multicapacity, self-Regulating /non self regulating, Interacting /noninteracting, Linear/non linear, and Selection of control action for them. Study of Liquid Processes, Gas Processes, Flow Processes, Thermal Processes in respect to above concepts Unit2: Analysis of Control Loop:

Unit 5 Multivariable Control:

Concept of Multivariable Control: Interactions and it’s effects, Modelling and transfer functions, Influence of Interaction o the possibility of feedback control, important effects on Multivariable system behavior Relative Gain Array, effect of Interaction on stability and Multiloop Control system. Multiloop control Performance through: Loop Paring, tuning, Enhancement through Decoupling, Single Loop Enhancements. Unit 6: Intelligent Controllers:

Step analysis method for finding first, second and multiple time constants and deadtime. Model Based controllers: Internal Model control, Smith predictor, optimal controller, Model Predictive controller, Dynamic matrix controller (DMC). Self Tunning Controller. Fuzzy logic systems and Fuzzy controllers, Introduction, Basic Concepts of Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Relation, Fuzzy Graphs, and Fuzzy Arithmetic, Fuzzy If-Then Rules, Fuzzy Logic Applications, Neuro-FuzzyArtificial Neural networks and ANN controller, List of Experiments:

1. Finding dynamic elements for any process. (TD, TS) 2. Analysis of Flow loop. 3. Analysis of Level loop. 4. Analysis of Temperature loop. 5. Analysis of Pressure loop. 6. Study of Cascade control loop. 7. Study of Ratio control/ Selective control. (any one) 8. Study of SLPC for process control. 9. Design and Implementation of Advance process controller. (ANN/Fuzzy/MPC)

(May be implemented using any suitable software) 10. Study of non linear control elements.

(Students are expected to perform min. eight experiments) Test Books:

1. Donald Eckman – Automatic Process Control, Wiley Eastern Limited 2. Thomas E Marlin - Process Control- Designing processes and Control Systems

for Dynamic Performance, McGraw-Hill International Editions 3. Process control Systems-F.G.Shinskey,TMH 4. Computer Based Industrial Control –Krishna Kant, PHI 5. Handbook of Instrumentation -Process control –B.G.Liptak, chilton 6. Fundamentals of Process Control - Murrill ISA 7. Chemical Process Control- Stephanopoulos George, PHI 8. Applications concepts of Process control- By Murrill ISA 9. B.Wayne bequette Process Control:Modeling, Design and Simulation-by,PHI Reference Books: 1. Process Instrumentation and control Handbook –Considine. 2. Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, T.J.Ross.

Basic building blocks of Discrete time Control system, Sampling Theorem, Z transform and Inverse Z transform for applications for solving differential equations, Mapping between the S-plane and the Z-plane, Impulse sampling and Data Hold.

Unit-2 Pulse Transfer Function and Digital PID Controllers

The pulse transfer function, pulse transfer function of Closed Loop systems, Pulse transfer function of Digital PID controller, Velocity & Position forms of Digital PID Controller, Realization of Digital Controllers, Deadbeat response and ringing of poles.

Unit-3 Design of Discrete Time Control System by conventional methods

Stability analysis in Z-plane, Jury stability criterion, Bilinear transformations, Design based on the root locus method, Digital Controller Design using Analytical Design Method.

Unit-4 State Space Analysis of Discrete Time Control System State space representation of discrete time systems, Solution of discrete time state space equations, Pulse transfer function matrix, Eigen Values, Eigen Vectors and Matrix Diagonalization, Discretization of continuous time state space equations, Similarity transformations.

Unit-5 Pole Placement and Observer Design Concept of Controllability and Observability, Useful transformations in state space analysis and design, Stability improvement by state feedback, Design via pole placement, State observers.

Unit-6 Optimal Control Quadratic Optimal Control and Quadratic performance index, Optimal state regulator through the matrix riccati equations, Steady State Quadratic Optimal Control.

Text Books

1. Discrete Time Control systems by K. Ogata, Prentice Hall, Second Edition, 2003.

2. Digital Control and State Variable Methods by M. Gopal, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.

Semester VII: DIGITAL CONTROL

Unit-1 Introduction to Discrete Time Control System

Reference Books

1. Digital control of Dynamic Systems by G.F.Franklin, J.David Powell, Michael Workman 3rd Edition, Addison Wesley, 2000.

2. Digital Control Engineering by M. Gopal, Wiley Eastern Ltd, 1989. 3. Digital Control by Kannan Moudgalya, John Wiley and Sons, 2007. 4. Digital Control by Forsytheand W. and Goodall R.N McMillan,1991. 5. Digital Control Systems by Contantine H. Houpis and Gary B. Lamont, Second

Edition, McGraw-Hill International, 2002.

List of Experiments (Perform any eight experiments using MATLAB out of following)

1) Find the Response of the Discrete Time Control System for any two standard

inputs. 2) Unit step Response of Discrete Time Control System using Digital PID controller. 3) Design of deadbeat controller for Discrete Time Control System. 4) Determine effect of sampling period on stability of Discrete Time Control

System. 5) Discretization of continuous time state equation. 6) Investigation of the controllability and Observability of a system. 7) Design of control system using pole placement technique. 8) Design of State observer. 9) Design of Discrete Time Control System based on minimization of quadratic

performance index. 10) The solution of steady state quadratic optical control using riccati equation.

Unit I: Concept study and definition of Project Engineering and Management, Basics of Project Management, Degree of Automation, Organization Structure, Interdepartmental, Interorganisational and Multi agency interaction involved in Project and their co ordination Project statement. The Project team. Types of Project. Unit II: Project Management: Project Management, Definition and scope of project, Technical design, Planning and Scheduling. Life cycle phases, Statement of work (SOW), Project Specification, milestone scheduling, Work breakdown structure. Cost and estimation: Types of estimates, pricing process, salary overheads, labor hours, materials and support costs. Program evaluation and review techniques (PERT) and Critical path method (CPM), S-curve concept and crash time concepts, software used in project management; software features, classification, evaluation and implementation. Unit III: Project engineering documents and drawing: P & I diagram based on Process Flow Sheet, Material balance sheet and Temperature pressure sheet, Methods of tagging and nomenclature scheme based on ANSI / ISA standards. Standards used in instrumentation project: ISA S5.1, S5.3, S5.4, S5.5 and S5.20, ANSI, & NFPA. Instrument index sheet, installation sketches, specification sheets. Unit IV: Cable Engineering (Class of conductors, Types, Specification and Application), Selection of cables with respect to specific application, Cable identification schemes, Cable trays, Basic Wiring Practice, wire numbering & numbering methods. Failsafe wiring Practice, Hazardous area classifications & its effect on design. Plant layouts and General arrangement drawing (Plans and Elevation), Isometric of instrument piping, Loop wiring diagrams, installation sketches of filed instrument, BOM and MBOM. Unit V: Procurement activities: Vendor registration, Tendering and bidding process, Bid evaluation, Purchase orders, Vendor documents, drawing and reports as necessary at above activities. Construction activities: Site conditions and planning, Front availability, Installation and commissioning activities and documents require at this stage.

Semester VII: Project Engineering and Management

Unit VI: Control centers and Panels: Types, Design, Inspection and Specification, Control room engineering, Intelligent Operator Interface (IOI). Panel testing Procedure. On site inspection and testing (SAT), Installation sketches, Contracting, Cold Commissioning and hot commissioning, Customer Acceptance Test (CAT), Factory Acceptance Test (FAT), Performance trials and final hand over. Calibration records, Test and inspection reports. PRACTICAL (Any 8 Experiments) 1) Study of standards and symbols (ANSI / ISA Std.) 2) Study of specification sheets. 3) Development of Process & Instrument diagram of typical process. 4) Development of Loop Wiring diagram. 5) Cable scheduling. 6) GA and mimic diagram of a control panel. 7) Development of Bar charts for certain project. 8) Preparation of Inquiry, Quotation, Comparative statement, Purchase orders, SAT, FAT and CAT, Inspection reports for control panel / transmitter/ control valve / recorder. 9) Hands on experience for engineering management software such as MS Project, Primavera, TEXT AND REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Applied instrumentation in process industries by Andrew & Williams (Gulf Publishing)

2. Management systems by John Bacon (ISA) 3. Process control Instrument Engineers Hand book by Liptak. 4. Project Management A System Approach to Planning, Scheduling and

Controlling by Harold Kerzner (Van Nostrand Reinhold Publishing) 5. Instrument Installation Project Management (ISA). 6. Successful Instrumentation & Control Systems Design, by Michael D. Whitt

(ISA).

Unit 1 Biopotential Measurement: Electrode-Electrolyte interface, half-cell potential, Polarization- polarisable and non-polarizable electrodes, Ag/AgCl electrodes, Electrode circuit model; motion artifact. Body Surface recording electrodes for ECG, EMG, and EEG. Internal Electrodes- needle and wire electrodes. Micro electrodes- metal microelectrodes, Electrical properties of microelectrodes. Electrodes for electric stimulation of tissue, Selection & specifications for the bio transducers to measure parameters, Biosensors Ergonomic Design: Ergonomic science and its importance in medical Instrument Design: e.g. Dental chair/Operation Table. Unit 2: Cardiovascular System: Heart Structure, Cardiac Cycle, ECG Theory, ECG Electrodes, Electrocardiograph, Vectorcardiograph Analog Signal Processing of Biosignals, Amplifiers, Transient Protection, Interference Reduction, Movement Artifact Circuits, Active Filters, Rate Measurement, Averaging and Integrator Circuits, Transient Protection Circuits Unit 3: Cardiovascular Measurements: Heart Sounds, Phonocardiography, Blood Pressure Measurement (Invasive and Noninvasive), Blood Flow meters: Magnetic, Ultrasonic, Thermal Convection Methods, Cardiac Output Measurement (dye dilution method), Plethysmography Unit 4: Central Nervous System : Brain & its parts, different waves from different parts of the brain, brain stem, cranium nerves, structure of neuron, Neuro muscular transmission, Electroencephalography, Evoked Response, EEG amplifier, Biofeedback Classification of muscles: Muscle contraction mechanism, Myoelectric voltages, Electromyography (EMG)

Elective I A: Biomedical Instrumentation

Unit 5: Special Senses:

I. Ear: Mechanism of Hearing, Sound Conduction System, Basic Audiometer; Pure tone audiometer; Audiometer system Bekesy; Evoked response Audiometer system, Hearing Aids

II. Vision: Anatomy of Eye, Visual acuity, (Errors in Vision,) Slit Lamp, Tonometer, ophthalmoscope, Perimeter.

Unit 6: Respiratory Instrumentation: Natural Process of Breathing, O2 and CO2 Transport, Regulation of Breathing, Spirometers, airflow measurement, Oxygenators-Bubble Type, Membrane Type , Ventilators Electrical Safety: Significance of Electrical Danger, Physiological Effect of Current, Ground Shock Hazards, Methods of Accident Prevention Electrical safety codes & standards. Protection of patients, power distribution and equipment design Practicals: Students are expected to perform minimum 8 practicals from the list mentioned below List of Practicals:

1 To Study and Check Specifications of an ECG Recorder.

2 Ergonomic consideration in medical equipment design e.g. Dental chair/Operation Table

3 To Measure Blood Pressure Using Sphygmomanometer, Calibration of BP apparatus

4 Study of Audiometer

5 To record/monitor heart sounds using Electronic Stethoscope

6 To Develop a Photo-plethysmography Sensor for Pulse Rate Measurement

7 To Develop a Flow Type Sensor Using Thermistor for Expiratory Volume Measurement

8 To Design a Notch Filter for Power Line Frequency

9 To Design and Implement an ECG Amplifier

10 To Implement a Heart Rate Meter

11 To Study EEG/EMG

12 To Study Ophthalmic instruments Books:

1. Human Physiology- The Mechanism of Body Function By Vander, Sherman, TMH Ed.1981

2. Introduction To Biomedical Equipment Technology By Carr & Brown

3. Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements By Cromwell, 2nd edition, Pearson Education.

4. Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation By R. S. Khandpur, TMH 5. Biomedical Digital Signal Processing, Tompkins, PHI 6. Biomedical Instrumentation, Arumugam 7. Text book of clinical Ophthalmology- Ronald Pitts Crick, Pang Khaw, 2nd

Edition, World Scientific publication. ISBN 981-238-128-7 8. “MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION” by JOHN G WEBSTER 9. “HAND BOOK OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING” by JACOB KLIME.

UNIT 1: LASER FUNDAMENTALS, LASER TYPES AND LASER SAFETY Properties of laser, Laser modes- axial and transverse, single mode operation. Frequency stabilization. Mode locking, Mode hopping, Q-switching techniques. Classes of lasers: Doped insulator lasers, Semiconductor lasers, Gas lasers, Liquid Dye lasers. Laser safety: Biological effects, safety standards, risk of exposure, laser hazard classification and assessment, laser safety system, safe industrial laser laboratory, laser eye protection, laser accidents. UNIT 2: LASER TELEMETERS Three main techniques for optical measurement of distance: Triangulation, time-of-flight telemeter and interferometry. Pulse telemeter, Sine-wave telemeter, Imaging telemeter, the LIDAR. UNIT 3: LASER INTERFEROMETRY AND SPECKLE PATTERN INSTRUMENTS Laser Interferometry: Basic Optical Interferometers, Performance parameters, Ultimate limits of performance, Laser vibrometry- short distance, medium distance and long distance vibrometry. Injection Interferometry, white light Interferometry. Speckle pattern instruments: Speckle properties, speckle in single point interferometers and electronic speckle pattern Interferometry. UNIT 4: LASER DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY Principle of operation, performance parameters: Scale factor relative error, Accuracy of the Doppler Frequency, Size of sensing region, alignment and positioning errors etc. Electronic processing of the Doppler signal: Time domain and Frequency domain processing. Optical configurations. UNIT 5: LASER GYROSCOPES The Sagnac effect, Basic gyro configurations. Ring Laser Gyros (RLG): Dithered RLG, Ring Zeeman laser gyro, performance of RLG. Fiber Optics Gyros (FOG): Open loop FOG, Requirements on FOG components, technology to implement FOG, Closed loop FOG, the resonant FOG MEMS gyro, Piezoelectric gyro. UNIT 6: HOLOGRAPHY The basic principles of Holography, viewing a hologram, volume hologram, multiplex hologram, white light reflection hologram. Measurement of strain, stress, bending moments and vibration by Holography, nondestructive testing, medical and dental research, solid mechanics.

Elective I B: Laser based Instrumentation

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS The study is limited to continuous He-Ne laser and red diode laser (easy availability) 1. Current-intensity relationship of a diode laser. 2. To study effect of diode current on spectral bandwidth of diode laser. 3. Electrical modulation of laser intensity, frequency modulation, pulse-width

modulation. 4. Measurement of beam width, coherence length, divergence angle and beam profile of a

laser. 5. Measurement of polarization angle of Glucose solution (experiment on polarized laser

light). 6. Measurement of refractive index of glass using diode laser (measurement of Brewster’s

angle). 7. Measurement of distance by time-of-flight laser telemeter. 8. Measurement of hair diameter using a laser (experiment on interference). 9. Michelson interferometer with laser. BOOKS 1. Optoelectronics, J. Wilson, Prentice-Hall of India. 2. Electro-Optical Instrumentation, Silvano Donati, Pearson Education, Inc., 2004. 3. Holographic Interferometry, Charles M. Vest, John Wiley & sons, 1979. 4. Laser electronics, Joseph T Verdeyen, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., second edition,

-1993.

UNIT-1 NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS Types of non-linearity, typical examples, singular points, Phase plane analysis, Limit cycles, linearization, Describing functions. Need for model reduction, Dominant pole concept. Model reduction via partial realization. Time moment matching and pade approximation, Hankel norm model reduction. UNIT-2 STABILITY Stability concepts - Equilibrium points - BIBO and asymptotic stability, Lyapunov Theory, Definitions (Stability and Functions). Direct method of Lyapunov, Application to non-linear problems. Stability analysis by describing function method -jump resonance. Frequency domain stability criteria, Popov's method and is extensions. UNIT-3 MODEL REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROL Different configurations and classifications of MRAC - Mathematical description - Direct and indirect model reference adaptive control - MIT rule for continues time MRAC systems -Lypunov approach and hyper stability approach for continuous time and discrete time MRAC systems - Multivariable systems - Stability and convergence studies. UNIT-4 SELF TUNING REGULATORS Different approaches to self-tuning - Recursive parameter estimation Implicit and explicit STR -LQG self-tuning - Convergence analysis Minimum variance and pole assignment approaches to multivariable selftuning regulators. UNIT-5 RECENT TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL Recent trends in self-tuning Robustness studies multivariable system. Model updating. General-purpose adaptive regulator. Application to Process control components and systems. Industrial Applications. UNIT 6 OPTIMAL CONTROL Problem formulation, necessary conditions of optimality, state regulator problem. Matrix Riccati equation, infinite time regulator problem, output regulator and tracking problems. Pontryagin’s minimum principles, time, and optimal control problem. Dynamic programming. Linear Quadratic Regulator, model matching based on Linear Quadratic optimal regulator. Observer design, Linear optimal filter.

REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Chalam, V.V., "Adaptive Control Systems", Techniques & Applications,

Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY and Basel. 1987. 2. Eveleigh, V.W., "Adaptive Control and Optimisation Techniques".

McGraw-Hill, 1967. 3. Narendra and Annasamy, "Stable Adaptive Control Systems", Prentice Hall,

1989. 4. Astry, S. and Bodson, M., "Adaptive Control", Prentice Hall,1989. 5. M. Vidyasagar, "Nonlinear Systems Analysis", 2nd Ed., Prentice Hall,

1993. 6. Hassan K. Khalil, "Nonlinear Systems", Third Edition, Prentice Hall, 2002.

Elective I C: ADVANCED CONTROL SYSTEMS

7. William S. Levine (Editor), "The Control Handbook(Electrical Engineering Handbook Series)", CRC Press, March 1996.

8. Nagrath I.J., and Gopal, M., "Control system Engineering" Wiley Eastern Reprint 1995.

9. Kirk D.E., "Optimal control theory-an introduction", Prentice Hall, N.J. 1970.

10. Gopal. M., "Modern control system Theory", Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2nd Edition Reprint 1995.

11. Graham C., Goodwill, S. F. Graebe and M. E. Salgado,"Control 12. System Design" Prentice Hall India, New Delhi, 2002. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS * Perform any eight experiments using MATLAB out of following 1. Analysis of first order/second order non-linear system. 2. Effect of Dominant pole and Critical pole on system performance. 3. Stability analysis of first order/ second order system by describing function method. 4. Obtain the stability of a system by Frequency domain criteria. 5. Study of Direct/indirect model reference adaptive control system. 6 Study of multivariable self-tuning regulators. 6. Analysis of Multivariable systems using step input 7. Any one Industrial Application of model reference control-a Survey. 8. Design of state observer 9. Design of linear filter.

Fire Alarm System UNIT I: Fundamentals: What is Fire? Fire modes, History, Components, and Principles of Operation FAS Components: Field Components, Panel Components, Applications. FAS Architectures: Types of Architectures, Examples UNIT II: FAS loops: Classification of loops, Examples. Power Supply design for FAS. Cause & effect matrix: Examples UNIT III: Fire Standards: FAS Design procedure in brief, NFPA 72A, BS 5839, IS Security Systems UNIT IV: Fundamentals: Introduction to Security Systems, Concepts Access Control System: Access Components, Access control system Design. UNIT V: CCTV: Camera: Operation & types, Camera Selection Criteria, Camera Applications, DVR Based system, DVM, Network design, Storage design. CCTV Applications: CCTV Applications UNIT VI: Perimeter Intrusion: Concept, Components, Technology, Advanced Applications Security Design: Security system design for verticals Practicals: 1. 4 Practicals on FAS 2. 4 Practicals on Security Systems

Text and reference books: 1 Understanding Building Automation Systems (Direct Digital Control, Energy Management, Life Safety, Security, Access Control, Lighting, Building Management Programs) (Hardcover) by Reinhold A. Carlson (Author), Robert A. Di Giandomenico (Author) 2. Building Automation: Control Devices and Applications by In Partnership with NJATC (2008) 3. Building Control Systems, Applications Guide (CIBSE Guide) by The CIBSE (2000)

Elective I D: BUILDING AUTOMATION-I

4. Design of Special Hazards and Fire Alarm Systems by Robert Gagnon (2007) 5. Security/Fire Alarm Systems: Design, Installation, and Maintenance by John E. Traister (1995) 6. CCTV (Newnes) by Vlado Damjanovski (1999) 7. Security, ID Systems and Locks: The Book on Electronic Access Control (Newnes) by Joel Konicek and Karen Little (1997) 8. Integrated Security Systems Design: Concepts, Specifications, and Implementation (v. 1) by Thomas L. Norman CPP PSP CSC (2007) 9. Access Control Systems: Security, Identity Management and Trust Models by Benantar, Messaoud, ISBN: 0387004459 EAN: 9780387004457 Publisher: Springer (Published: 12/2005) 10. Building Automation Online by McGowan; McGowan, John J.; ISBN: 0824746155 11. CCTV by Damjanovski, Vlado; ISBN: 0750671963 Edition: 3 Publisher: Butterworth- Heinemann 12. CCTV for Security Professionals by Machette, Alan; Matchett, Alan R.; ISBN: 0750673036 Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann (2003) 13. CCTV Surveillance: Analog and Digital Video Practices and Technology by Kruegle, Herman, ISBN: 0750677686 EAN: 9780750677684 Edition: 2 Publisher: Butterworth- Heinemann (2006) 14. Fire Alarm Guide for Property Managers by Morawski, E.; ISBN: 1430306890 EAN: 9781430306894 Publisher: Kessinger Publishing (2007

Elective II A: Environment Instrumentation

Unit-1: Introduction: Necessity of instrumentation & control for environment, sensor requirement for environment. Instrumentation methodologies: Ultraviolet analyzers, total hydrocarbon analyzers using flame ionization detector, Gas chromatography in environmental analysis, photo ionization, portable & stationary analytical instruments. Unit-2: Quality of water: Standards of raw & treated water, sources of water & their natural quality, effects of water quality. Water quality parameters: Thermal conductivity, detectors, Opacity monitors, pH analyzers & their application, conductivity analyzers & their application. Water treatment: Requirement of water treatment facilities, process design. Unit-3: Sedimentation & flotation: General equation for settling or rising of discrete particles, hindered settling, effect of temperature, viscosity, efficiency of an ideal settling basin , reduction in efficiency due to various causes, sludge, storage & removal, design criteria of settling tank, effect of temperature on coagulation. Ground water monitoring: Level measurement in ground water monitoring wells, laboratory analysis of ground water samples, instrumentation in ground water monitoring, instrumentation in assessment of soil & ground water pollution. Unit-4: Waste water monitoring: Automatic waste water sampling, optimum waste water sampling locations, and waste water measurement techniques. Instrumentation set up for waste water treatment plant. Latest methods of waste water treatment plants. Unit-5: Air pollution: definitions, energy environment relationship, importance of air pollution, air pollution from thermal power plant, their characteristics & control. Air sampling methods & equipments, analytical methods for air pollution studies. Control of air pollution. Unit-6: Air monitoring: measurement of ambient air quality. Flow monitoring: Air flow measurement, gas flow, non-open channel flow measurement, open channel waste water flow measurement. Rain water harvesting: necessity, methods, rate of NGOs municipal corporation, Govt., limitations. Quality assurance of storage water.

References: Water treatment technology - Walter J. Weber Air pollution engineering – M. N. Rao & H. V. N. Rao Air pollution control technology – Wark & Warner Environmental Instrumentation & Analysis Handbook- Randy D. Down.

Elective II B: Nano Instrumentation

Unit I: Physical Principles of Nanostructure and Nanomaterials Physical Properties of Nanoscale Structures: Energy subbands and Density of states in nanoscale structure, electron transport in a two dimensional electron gas, resistance of ballistic conductor,landauer formula, transmission probability calculation, electron tunneling ,resonant tunneling devices, coupled nanoscale structures and super lattices ,Columb blockade, Quantization of thermal conductance in ballistic nanostructures, non ballistic electron propagation. Nanotechnology: Deposition technique for nanoscale devices, nanolithography, self assembly technique Nanomaterials: nanoparticales, nanowires, nanomagnetic materials, nanostructerd surfaces Unit II: Instrumentation for Nanoscale Electronics MEMS and NEMS: Micro and nanocantilevers, frequency analysis Micro and nanocantilevers, Quality factor and noise of cantilevers, magnetic and optical actuation of cantilevers Scaning probe instrumentation for nanoelectronics: The Atomic force Microscope (AFM), scanning tunneling Microscopy, scanning near field optical Microscopy Unit III: Carbon Nanotube Devices Physical properties: band structure and band modulation, electrical properties of CNT’s CNT based electronic Devices: The CNT Transistor, CNT based field emission Devices junction, hetrojunction and quantum confined structure based on carbon nanotube, microwave devices based on carbon nano tube, CNT based NEMS Unit IV: Spintronics Physical Principle of Spintronic Devices: Spin relaxation mechanism, spin injection, and spin detection, Spontaneous Devices: spin filter, spin valve, spin pump, spin diode, spin transistor, Spin based optoelectronic devices, spintronic computation Unit V: Electronic Devices Based On Nanostructures Nanoscale FET transistor: Downscaling the MOSFET dimension up to few nm, the ballistic FET, Microscopic devices at room temperature, resonant tunneling devices and circuits Single electron transistor and related devices

Unit VI: Nanotransducers: Design of nanotransducers, nanomechanical elements, nanomechanical sensors,nanometer precision position measurement, electrically controlled nanoactuators, chemically driven nanoactuators, quantum dots and localjization of elementary Particles,nano switches ,molecular switches, and logic element, particle Emitting nanotransducers, magnetic nanotransducers, chemical nanoscale sensors and actuators, Optics-optoelectronic devices based on nanowires, optoelectronic devices based on nanoparticles

Text Books:

1. Nanoelectronics: Principles and Devices Mircea Dragoman, Diniela Dragoman, Artech House, Boston (2006)

2. Nanotechnology:An introduction to nanostructuring technique Michael Kohler, Wolfgang fritzsche, Wiley –VCH (2007)

Reference Book:

1. Handbook of Nanotechnology, Bhusan (Editor) Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York (2010)

ElectiveII C: Advanced Digital Signal Processing Unit- 1: Multi rate Signal Processing: Sampling, sampling rate conversion, filter structures, poly phase decomposition, digital filter design using decimators and interpolators, multistage decimators and interpolators. Unit- 2: Linear Prediction: Introduction to random signals, discrete time random signals, Innovations representation of a stationary random process, forward and backward linear prediction, solutions of the normal equations. Unit- 3: Spectral Estimation: Introduction, energy density spectrum, estimation of auto correlation and power spectrum of random signals, DFT in spectral estimation, power spectrum- parametric methods and non- parametric methods. Unit- 4: Adaptive Filters: Introduction, examples of adaptive filtering, the minimum mean square error criterion, Recursive least square algorithm, FIR adaptive filters, convergence of LMS algorithm. Unit- 5: Digital Signal Processor: Introduction to fixed point and floating point DSP processor, Features of TMS 320c67xx DSP processor, architecture of TMS 320c67xx DSP processor, architecture features: computational units, bus architecture memory, data addressing, address generation unit, program control, program sequencer, pipeling, interrupts, features of external interfacing, on- chip peripherals, hardware timers, host interface port, clock generators, SPORT. Unit- 6: Time- Frequency Analysis: Fourier Transform: Its power and Limitations, Short Time Fourier Transform, The Gabor Transform, Discrete Time Fourier Transform and filter banks, Continuous Wavelet Transform, Discrete Wavelet Transform, Haar Wavelet, Daubechies Wavelet. Text Books: 1. J. Proakis , Charles M. Rader, Fuyun Ling, Christopher L. Nikias, ‘Advanced Digital Signal Processing’, (Macmillan Coll Div) (1992) 2. Glenn Zelniker, Fred J. Taylor, ‘Advanced Digital Signal Processing’, (CRC Press) (1994) REFERENCES: 1. J. Proakis , Charles M. Rader, Fuyun Ling, Christopher L. Nikias, ‘Digital Signal Processing’, (Macmillan Coll Div) 2. A.V.Oppenheim and R.W.Schafer, "Discrete time Signal Processing", (Prentice Hall) (1992) 3. Haykins, "Adaptive Filter theory", (Prentice Hall) (1986) 4. Dr. Rulph Chassaing , “ Digital Signal Processing and Application with the TMS 320c6713 and TMS 320c6716”, Wilay Publication. 5. Raghuveer. M. Rao, Ajit S.Bopardikar, Wavelet Transforms, Introduction to Theory and applications, Pearson Education, Asia, 2000.

6. Introduction to Wavelets and Wavelet Transform: C. S. Burrus, Ramesh and A. Gopinath, Prentice Hall Inc.

1. William B. Riddens, “Understanding Automotive Electronics”‚ 5th Edition, (Butterworth Heinemann Woburn), (1998).

2. Tom Weather Jr and Cland C. Hunter, “Automotive Computers and Control System”‚Prentice Hall Inc. ,New Jeresy.

Reference books:

1. Jiri Marek, Hans Peter trah, “Sensers Applications, Sensers for Automotive Technology” 1st Edition , Wiley

2. T. Mellard, Automotive Electronic Systems” 1987 by Heinenmann Professional

Unit-1 Fundamentals of Automotive Electronics: Open loop and closed loop systems-components for electronic engine management, vehicle motion control, Current trends in modern Automobiles Unit-2 Electronic Fuel Injection and ignition systems: Introduction, Carburettor control system, throttle body ignition and multi port or point fuel injection, Advantages of electronic ignition system, Types of solid state ignition systems and their principle of operation, electronic spark timing control system, Unit-3 Engine control system: Engine cranking and warm up control, Acceleration enrichment –Deacceleration leaning and idle speed control, integrated engine control system, exhaust emission control system, Engine performance testing Unit-4 Automobile chassis electronic control system: Principle of electronic braking, automatic transmission electronic control circuit, cruise control circuit, the electronic steering control theory, ABS, ASR, ESP, and other electronic control method Unit-5 Auto Body Electronic Control Technology: Automotive central locking and anti-theft system control technology, electronically controlled windows and doors and airbag technology, principle of control circuit components and characteristics. Unit-6 Ergonomics and safety: Driver information system, lighting system components, battery monitoring and control, Air conditioning, steering control techniques, Automatic gear control systems, Emission standards. Texts books:

Elective II D: Automobile Instrumentation

The oral examination means a comprehensive viva on the project work done in the first semester. The head of the department shall constitute the committee of senior faculty members for this viva examination.

Semester VII: Project Work

Prerequisites: Process Instrumentation, Process Loop Components, Power Plant Instrumentation, Control System Design, Digital Control Unit 1 Introduction to process control. Dynamics and stability of controlled systems. Dynamic behavior of linear and non-linear first-and second-order systems. The development of mathematical models to describe process dynamic behavior. Unit 2 The Dynamics and Control of Heat Exchangers Basic control strategies, dynamics of the heat exchangers, response to changes in steam temperature, measurement lag and control schemes Unit 3 The Dynamics and Control of Boilers Boiler basic controls (safety interlocks, single element, two and three element level control, shrink, swell effect, inverse response, feed forward control of feed water, dynamic compensation, fuel–air ratio, stochiometric calculations, steam temperature and pressure control) Boiler dynamics, burner management system, boiler optimization Unit 4 The Stability and Control of Chemical Reactors Types of reactions and reactors (overview),factors governing the conduct of reaction, stability of reactors, time constant, effects of lag, flow control, temperature control, pH control, end point detection of continuous and batch reactors. Sequential & logic control in batch process, batch production management Unit 5 Dynamic Behavior and Control of Distillation Column Mass and Energy balance, column feed control, column pressure control, control of overhead and bottom composition, distillate reflux flow control. Frequency response, lag in liquid and vapor flow, concentration lag, predicting the behavior of control system Unit 6

• Dynamic behavior and controls required in pumps and compressors • Design aspects and control scheme development for Waste-Water Treatment plant

Semester VIII: Process Dynamics and Control

* Students are expected to perform minimum 8 experiments based on the above topics *For term work the assignments e.g.

• Modeling and Designing control strategies of a typical process • Process simulation: using MATLAB Simulink, Simulation of different process • Problems based on stability, frequency response etc.

Text Books • Process Control : Peter Harriott, TMH • Handbook of Instrumentation : Process control : B.G.Liptak, Chilton • Process Control Systems : F. G. Shinskey, TMH • Chemical Process Control : George Stephonopolous, PHI • Computer based Industrial Control :Krishna Kant, PHI • Process Control: Modeling, Design and Simulation : B. Wayne Bequette, PHI

Reference Books • Boiler Control Systems : David Lindsley, Mc GRAW-HILL • Process Dynamics and Control : Dale E. Seborg • Process Instrumentation and control Handbook :Considine

Semester VIII: Industrial Automation

Unit: 1 Introduction to Industrial Automation, Plant wide control systems and Automation Strategy. Introduction to Industrial Automation, Role of automation in industries, Introduction to the types of manufacturing industries, Introduction to type of automation system, Benefits of automation. Introduction to Automation pyramid, Introduction to automation tools like PAC, PLC, SCADA, DCS, Hybrid DCS with reference to automation pyramid, Comparison of PLC, PAC, and SCADA on the basis of Performance criteria Control system audit, Performance criteria, Development of User Requirement Specifications (URS) for automation. Functional Design Specifications (FDS) for automation tools. Unit: 2 Instrumentation Standard Protocols Definition of protocol, Introduction to Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, Communication standard (RS232, RS485), Modbus (ASCII/RTU), Introduction to third party interface, concept of OPC (Object linking and embedding for Process Control), HART Protocol: Introduction, frame structure, programming, implementation examples, benefits, advantages and limitation. Foundation Fieldbus H1: Introduction, frame structure, programming, implementation examples, benefits, advantages and limitation. Comparison of HART, Foundation Fieldbus, Devicenet, Profibus, Controlnet, Industrial Ethernet. Unit: 3 PLC Configuration, Applications and Machine automation PLC programming methods as per IEC 61131, Developing programs using Sequential Function Chart, Functional Block Diagram, Analog control using PLC ( PID controller configuration), Interfacing PLC to SCADA/DCS using communication link (RS232, RS485) , Protocols (Modbus ASCII/RTU) and OPC, Development stages involved for PLC based automation systems. Introduction Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) Machines, Basic CNC Principle, servo control, types of servo control for motion axes, Control system of CNC, Introduction to G-code. Unit: 4 Distributed Control System Basics DCS introduction, Various function Blocks, DCS components/block diagram, DCS Architecture of different makes, comparison of these architectures with automation pyramid, DCS specification, latest trend and developments, DCS support to Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP), performance criteria for DCS and other automation tools.

Unit: 5 Distributed Control System s Engineering and Design DCS detail Engineering, configuration and programming, functions including database management, reporting, alarm management, diagnosis, Historical database management, security and user access management, communication, third party interfaces ,control, display etc. Enhanced functions like Advance process control, fuzzy logic, ANN Unit: 6 Process safety and Safety Management Systems Introduction to process safety, risk, risk terminologies, consequence and risk, risk measurement, Process Hazard Analysis (PHA), Hazard and operability study ( HaZOp), Safety Integrity Level (SIL), Introduction to IEC61511 standard for Functional safety , protection layers, Safety Instrumented System: function, architecture, safety life cycle, Application of safety system

Practicals

1. Preparing URS and FDS for any small automation project. 2. Prepare cause and effect document for any small process and also develop logic

diagram for the same. 3. Develop and implement any PLC and/or DCS program using FBD and SFC

programming language. 4. Interfacing of PLC to any SCADA through Modbus protocol and/or OPC. 5. Interfacing of PLC to a DCS system through Modbus and/or OPC. 6. Developing and implementing any control loop using PLC system. 7. Developing and implementing any control loop using DCS system 8. Developing and configuring Graphic User Interface for any control loop. 9. Configuration of any HART device to PLC and/or DCS system. 10. Configuration of any Foundation Fieldbus device to PLC and /or DCS system. 11. Configure and implement different alarms in PLC and/or DCS system. 12. Configuring and implementing any Advance process control function like

MPC/or Fuzzy/or ANN in a DCS system 13. Preparing a HaZOp document for any small process 14. Develop a G-code for any machining process.

Students are expected to perform any 8 experiments. Books:

1. The management of control system: Justification and Technical Auditing, N.E. Bhttiha, ISA

2. Computer aided process control, S.K.Singh, PHI. 3. Understanding Distributed Process Systems For Control, Samuel Herb, ISA. 4. Programmable Logic Controllers: Principles and Applications, Webb &Reis, PHI. 5. Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers, Garry Dunning, Thomson

Learning. 6. Distributed computer control for industrial automation, Ppovik Bhatkar, Dekkar

Pub. 7. Computer Based Process control, Krishna Kant, PHI 8. Mechatronics ,HMT, TMH publication.

Elective III A: ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

Unit 1: Life Saving Devices: Pacemaker, Types of pacemakers: External & Internal, Defibrillators: AC & DC Defibrillator, Heart Lung Machine, Elements of Intensive Care Monitoring: Drug Delivery System, ICU layout: organization Operating Room Instrumentation: Electro surgical Unit, Anesthesia Machine Unit 2: Clinical Lab Instrumentation: Blood and its composition and function, Blood Cell Counters, Electrophoresis, Pulse Oximetry, Conventional and Automated, Auto analyzers. Introduction to telemetry & Telemedicine, The Health Level 7 protocol-implementation block diagram. Unit 3: Imaging Systems: X Ray properties, Generation of X-rays, block diagram of X- Ray machine, image intensifier, Draw back of x-ray imaging, CT Scanning, basic CT scanning system, Types of gantries, gray scale [Hounsfield No.], image reconstruction techniques in tomography, image artifacts Unit 4: Advanced Imaging Systems: Radionuclide Imaging: Rectilinear Scanner, Scintillation Camera, Positron Emission Tomography, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography , Ultrasound Imaging: Fundamentals of Acoustic propagation, Ultrasonic transducers and frequencies, A, B, M Scan and Echocardiography, Introduction to MRI & Thermography. Unit 5: Laser applications in Medicine: Types of Lasers, Properties of Laser, Interaction of Lasers with Tissues -Thermal and Non thermal, Basic Endoscopes system & its characteristics, Laser Applications in ophthalmology- Diabetic Retinopathy , Glaucoma and Retinal hole and detachment treatment , Dermatology- Tattoo, port wine treatment Pain relief Instrumentation: Diathermy: short wave, Microwave, Ultrasound diathermy

Unit 6: Concept of Rehabilitation Engineering: Orthrotics & Prosthetic devices, overview of various orthrotics & prosthetic devices along with its materials. Wheelchair Types, Materials used in wheelchair, Joysticks used in wheelchair Kidney Instrumentation: Kidney Structure, Regulation of Water and Electrolyte Balance, Artificial Kidney-types (Coil type, parallel plate Type), Dialysis System, Lithotripsy Practicals: Students are expected to study minimum 8 equipments by visiting Clinics /hospitals List of equipments

1 Study of Endoscope

2 Study of Electrosurgical Unit (Operating Room)

3 Study of Various Imaging Techniques

4 Study of Pacemakers

5 Study of Defibrillators

6 Study of Clinical Lab Instruments

7 Study of Short Wave Diathermy

8 Study of Dialysis equipment

9 Study of Clinical Lab Instrumentation

10 Study of ECG Telemetry System

11 Study of Rehabilitation equipments

12 Study of Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment using Laser Books:

1. Medicine and Clinical Engineering By Jacobsons & Webster, PHI 2. Introduction To Biomedical Equipment Technology By Carr & Brown 3. Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements By Cromwell, PHI 4. Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation By R. S. Khandpur, TMH 5. The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Bronzino, IEEE Press 6. Applied Chemical Engineering Feenberg, 7. Principles of Medical Imaging.-By: K. Kirk Shung, Michael B. Smith, Benjamin

Tsui.-Pub: Academic Press. 8. Medical Laser Applications -By Carruth 9. Medical Lasers & their safe Use - By Sliney & Trokal

couplers. UNIT 4: OPTICAL FIBER SENSING PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES I Introduction to fiber optic sensing: Advantages and disadvantages of FOS, Transduction technique based on intensity modulation: evanescent field, coupling, encoding based position sensors. UNIT 5: OPTICAL FIBER SENSING PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES.II A. Fiber grating technology and Fiber Bragg grating interrogation techniques. B. Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing. UNIT 6: OPTICAL AMPLIFICATION AND INTEGRATED OPTICS Optical amplifiers, fiber amplifiers, integrated optics, integrated optical device beam splitters, directional couplers and switches, modulators, polarization transformation and frequency translators, optoelectronic integration. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. To study attenuation losses in optical fiber. 2. To study dispersion losses in optical fiber. 3. To study different splicing techniques. 4. To study OTDR. 5. To study characteristic curves of optical sources and detectors. 6. To measure numerical aperture of an optical fiber. 7. To study optical power meter. 8. Design of an optical fiber sensor.

Elective III B: Fiber Optic Instrumentation

UNIT 1 Light and Waveguiding: Nature of light, Waveguiding principles, dielectric waveguide total internal reflection, evanescent wave, acceptance angle, numerical aperture, skew rays, single mode fibers, types and classification of fibers, special fibers. UNIT 2 A. Transmission characteristics of optical fiber: Attenuation, Material absorption losses, scattering losses, bending losses, intramodal and intermodal losses, overall fiber dispersion, and dispersion modified losses, polarization, nonlinear phenomena. B. Optical fiber measurements: measurements of attenuation, dispersion, refractive index profile, fiber cutoff wavelength, numerical aperture, OTDR. UNIT 3 1. Optical sources for optical fiber: Lasers, LEDs 2. Optical detectors for optical fiber: PN diode, pin diode, avalanche diode. 3. Optical fiber connection: Fiber alignment and joint loss, splices, connectors,

BOOKS 1. Optical Fiber Sensing Technology, Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera, John Wiley & Sons,

2002. 2. Optical Fiber Sensors, John Dakin and Brian Culshaw, Artech house, 1997 3. Optical Fiber Communications, John M. Senior, Prentice Hall of India,3rd edition.

4. Optical Fiber Communications, Gerd Keiser, McGraw Hill, 3rd

edition, 2000 5. Electro-Optics Handbook, Ronald W. Waynant and Marwood N. Ediger, McGraw Hill,

2nd

edition, 2000. 6. Fiber Optics Communications, Harold Kolimbris, Pearson Education, 2004.

Unit-1 Modeling and Simulations

Introduction, Types of models, modeling of process control systems in time domain and frequency domain, Fitting polynomials in the step test data. Lagrange Interpolation formula, Least square fitting, process models of some typical systems in differential equations form, Gravity flow tank, Tanks in series, Tanks in parallel, dead time, first and second order models, higher order models, Modeling of first and second order electrical systems, mechanical systems, electromechanically systems and oscillatory systems.

Unit-2

Modeling of Mechanical, Chemical systems: Reaction dynamics, Modeling the chemical reactions, CSTR models, Plug flow reactor model, modeling of flash drum, distillation columns, evaporators, dryers, heat exchangers.

Unit-3

Process Identification: Identification of physical processes, off-line and on-line identification, Step testing, pulse testing, sine wave testing, ATV identification method, prediction error methods, introduction to numerical algorithm for subspace state space identification, Least square method, Relationships among time, Laplace and frequency domain.

Unit-4

Analysis of multivariable systems. Open loop and close loop characteristics equations, multivariable Nyquist plot, Loci plot, Niederlinski index, Resiliency, Morari Resiliency Index (MRI), interaction relative gain array ( Bristol array ) inverse nyquist array , robust nests doylt stein criterion, skogestad and morari method .

Unit-5

Basic Concepts of Optimization.

Continuity of functions, Convex and Concave functions, Convex Region, Extremum of the objective functions, quadratic approximation

Elective III C: Process Modeling and Optimization

Unit-6

Optimization of unconstrained functions. Numerical methods for optimizing a function of one variable , scanning and bracketing procedures, Newton, Quasi-newton and secant methods, region elimination method, polynomial approximation methods, Multidimensional problem, evaluation of unidimensional search methods, unconstrained multivariable Optimization, simplex method, direct methods, indirect methods, steepest descent method secant methods.

References:

1. W. L. Luyben, Process, Modeling, Simulation and Control for Chemical Engineers� by McGraw Hill, 1973

2. Thomas Edgar, David Himmelblau, Optimization of Chemical Processes�, Second edition, McGraw Hill, 2001.

3. W. F. Stoecker, Design of Thermal Systems International Education, McGraw hill 1989.

4. J. Malley, Practical Process Instrumentation and Control � McGraw Hill. 5. Deo Narsingh ,System Simulation with digital Computer � Prentice Hall India,

New Delhi. 6. Singiresu S.Rao,Engineering Optimization (Therory & Practice),third

Edition,New Age International(p) Ltd,Publishers.

List of Experiments:

* Perform any eight experiments from following

1. Analysis of first/second order system by using step and ramp input. 2. Obtaining mathematical modeling of electrical/ mechanical system by first

principle. 3. Obtaining mathematical modeling of liquid level system. 4. Study of distillation columns. 5. Study of Heat Exchanger. 6. Identification of second order process by prediction error method and compare it

with modeling by first principle. 7. Obtaining unknown parameters of second order process by least square

technique. 8. Obtaining Relative gain array of any MIMO physical system. 9. Obtaining inverse Nyquist array of any Physical system. 10. Design of optimal control system by using quadratic approximation. 11. Analysis and comparisons of Quasi-Newton and secant methods

Elective III D: BUILDING AUTOMATION II

UNIT I: Fundamentals: Introduction to HVAC, HVAC Fundamentals, Basic Processes (Heating, Cooling etc) Basic Science: Air Properties, Psychometric Chart, Heat Transfer mechanisms, Examples. Human Comfort: Human comfort zones, Effect of Heat, Humidity, Heat loss UNIT II: Processes: Heating Process & Applications (I.e. Boiler, Heater), Cooling Process & Applications (I.e. Chiller), Ventilation Process & Applications (I.e. Central Fan System, AHU, Exhaust Fans), Unitary Systems (VAV, FCU etc). UNIT III: Control Theory: Instrumentation Basics, Field components & use, DDC & applications Architecture: Honeywell Architecture, BMS Components UNIT IV: Control Panel: HVAC Control Panel, MCC Basics, Panel Components Communication: Communication Basics, Networks, BACNet, Modbus, LON UNIT V: ASHRAE Symbols Energy Management: Advantages of BMS, Energy Savings concept & methods, Lighting control, Building Efficiency improvement, Green Building (LEED) Concept & Examples UNIT VI: Project Life Cycle: IBMS (HVAC, Fire & Security) project cycle, Project steps BMS Verticals: Applications of BMS, Examples Integration: IBMS Architecture, Normal & Emergency operation

Practicals: 1. 4 Practicals on HVAC 2. 4 Practicals on BMS

Text and reference books:

1. Understanding Building Automation Systems (Direct Digital Control, Energy Management, Life Safety, Security, Access Control, Lighting, Building Management Programs) (Hardcover) by Reinhold A. Carlson , Robert A. Di Giandomenico. 2. Building Automation: Control Devices and Applications by In Partnership with NJATC (2008) 3. Building Control Systems, Applications Guide (CIBSE Guide) by The CIBSE (2000) 4 . Building Automation Online by McGowan; McGowan, John J.; ISBN: 0824746155 5. HVAC Control in the New Millennium by Hordeski; Hordeski, Michael F.; Marcel Dekker; ISBN: 0824709152 EAN: 9780824709150 Publisher: Fairmont Press (2001) 16 6. HVAC Control System Design Diagrams by Levenhagen, John I.; ISBN: 0070381291 EAN: 9780070381292 Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing (1998) 7 . HVAC Controls and Systems by Levenhagen, John I.Spethmann, Donald H. ISBN: 0070375097 EAN: 9780070375093 Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing

1. Industrial instrumentation, “Patranabis”, TMH. 2. Instrumentation handbook-process control, “B.G.Liptak”, Chilton

Elective IV A: Instrumentation for Agriculture

Unit 1: Necessity of instrumentation & control for agriculture, engineering properties of soil: fundamental definitions & relationships, index properties of soil, permeability & seepage analysis, shear strength, Mohr’s circle of stress, active & passive earth pressures, stability & slopes, Sensors: introduction to sonic anemometers, hygrometers, fine wire thermocouples, open & close path gas analysers,brief introduction to various bio-sensors. Unit 2: Flow diagram of sugar plant & instrumentation set up for it, flow diagram of fermenter & control(batch process),flow diagram of dairy industry & instrumentation set up for it, juice extraction control process & instrumentation set up for it Unit 3: Irrigation systems: necessity, irrigation methods: overhead, centre pivot, lateral move, micro irrigation systems & it’s performance, comparison of different irrigation systems, soil moisture measurement methods: resistance based method, voltage based method, thermal based method, details of gypsum block soil moisture sensor, irrigation scheduling, irrigation efficiencies, design considerations in irrigation channels. Unit 4: Application of SCADA for DAM parameters & control, irrigation control management up- stream & down - stream control systems, green houses & instrumentation: ventilation, cooling & heating, wind speed, temperature & humidity, rain gauge carbon dioxide enrichment measurement & control. Unit 5: Automation in earth moving equipments & farm equipments, application of SCADA & PLC in packing industry and cold storage systems, implementation of hydraulic, pneumatic & electronics control circuits in harvesters cotton pickers, tractor etc. classification of pumps: pump characteristics, pump selection & installation. Unit 6: Leaf area length evaportranspiration, temperature, wetness & respiration measurement & data logging, electromagnetic radiations photosynthesis, infrared & UV bio sensor methods in agriculture, agrometrological instrumentation weather stations, surface flux measurement, soil water content measurement using time-domain reflectrometery(TDR),ground water occurrence confined & unconfined aquifers, evalution of aquifer properties, ground water recharge. References:

3. Process control and instrumentation technology, “C.D. Johnson”, PHI 4. Wills B.A., “ Mineral Processing Technology”, 4th Ed.,Pergamon Press

a. Need for Numerical Methods for Solution of Equations

Variational Principles, Finite Element Method, Finite Element Model for Structures with Piezoelectric Sensors and Actuators, Analysis of a Piezoelectric Bimorph Cantilever Beam b. Modeling of Coupled Electromechanical Systems Electrostatics, Coupled Electromechanics: Statics and Stability and Pull-In Phenomenon, Dynamics, Squeezed Film Effects in Electromechanics Unit 6: Electronics Circuits and Control for Micro and Smart Systems a. Semiconductor Devices, Electronics Amplifiers, Practical Signal Conditioning Circuits for Microsystems, Circuits for Conditioning Sensed Signals, Introduction to Control Theory, Implementation of Controllers b. Integration of Micro and Smart Systems Integration of Microsystems and Microelectronics, Microsystems Packaging Text Book-

1. Micro And Smart Systems by G.K. Ananthasuresh, K.J. Vinoy, S. Gopalakrishnan, K.N. Bhat, V.K. Aatre : Wiley, India (2010)

References- 1. Smart Material Systems and MEMS: Design and Development Methodologies:

Vijay K. Varadan, K. J. Vinoy, S. Gopalakrishnan , John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2. The MEMS Handbook: Edited by Mohamed Gad-el-Hak, University of Notre

Dame, CRC Press LLC

Elective IV B: Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Unit 1: Introduction Microsystems versus MEMS, Micro fabrication, Smart Materials, Structures and Systems, Integrated Microsystems, Applications of Smart Materials and Microsystems Unit 2: Micro Sensors, Actuators, Systems and Smart Materials Silicon Capacitive Accelerometer, Piezoresistive Pressure Sensor , Conductometric Gas Sensor, An Electrostatic Comb-Drive, A Magnetic Micro relay, Portable Blood Analyzer , Piezoelectric Inkjet Print Head, Micromirror Array for Video Projection Smart Materials and Systems Unit 3: Micro Fabrication Technique Silicon as a Material for Micromachining, Thin-Film Deposition, Lithography, Etching, Silicon Micromachining Specialized Materials for Microsystems, Advanced Processes for Micro fabrication Unit 4: Modeling of Solids in Microsystems The Simplest Deformable Element: A Bar, Transversely Deformable Element: A beam, Energy Methods for Elastic Bodies, Heterogeneous Layered Beams, Bimorph Effect, Residual Stresses and Stress Gradients, Poisson Effect and the Anticlastic Curvature of Beams, Torsion of Beams and Shear Stresses, Dealing with Large Displacements, In-Plane Stresses Unit 5: Finite Element Method

Elective IV C: Digital Image Processing

Unit- 1: Introduction to Digital Image Processing: Digital image representation, fundamental steps in image processing, elements of digital image processing systems, hardware for image processing system, Characteristics of image digitizer, Types of digitizer, Image digitizing components, Electronic image tube cameras, solid state cameras, scanners. Unit- 2: Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing: Elements of visual perception, a simple image model sampling and quantization some basic relationship between pixels, image geometry, Basic transformations, Perspective transformation, Camera model and calibration, stereo imaging. Unit- 3: Image Transforms: 2-D Fourier transform, Discrete cosine transform, Short time Fourier transform, Gabor transform, Radon transform. Unit- 4: Image Enhancement: Enhancement by point processing, spatial filtering, enhancement in the frequency domain. Contrast intensification: linear stretching, non-linear stretching, histogram specification, low contrast stretching. Smoothing: Image averaging, mean filter, order statistics filter, edge preserving smoothing. Sharpening: High pass filtering, homomorphic filtering. Introduction to color image processing Unit- 5: Image Restoration: Degradation model, diagonalization of circulate and block-circulate matrices, algebraic approach to restoration, inverse filtering, least mean square (wiener) filter, constrained least squared restoration, invractive restoration. Unit- 6: Image Analysis: Segmentation: detection of discontinuities, edge linking and boundary detection, thresholding, region -oriented segmentation, Representation and description: Representation schemes, descriptors, regional descriptors, pattern and pattern classes, Classifiers. Edge Detection: derivative operators: Sobel, Prewittt, Canny, second order derivative, line detection.

Reference Books 1. R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, "Digital Image Processing", Pearson Education

Asia, 2002. 2. A. K. Jain, "Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing", Prentice Hall of India Pvt

Ltd, New Delhi, India, 1989. 3. K. R. Castleman, "Digital Image Processing", Prentice-Hall International, 1996. 4. R. C. Gonzalez and R. E. Woods, "Digital Image Processing using Matlab", Pearson

Education Asia, 2002.

Elective IV D: Open Elective

It is expected to offer this elective form other branch. If the college / Institute wish to start new elective in collaboration with Industry, they are required to approve the elective by 31 December from university.

For the term work the head of the department shall constitute the committee of senior faculty members and it should be duly signed by external examiner. The oral examination means a comprehensive viva on the project work done.

Semester VIII: Project Work