» CURRENT STATE OF AGRICULTURE IN THE STATES OF

NIGERIA – AN OVERVIEW ASSESSMENT

» Victor O. Okoruwa (Ph.D)Professor of Agricultural Economics

Department of Agricultural EconomicsUniversity of Ibadan, Nigeria

» 40% of gross domestic product (GDP)

» 60-70% of the population engaged in farming

» Less than half of available land under cultivation

» Over 60% of youths unemployed

» Over 80% of revenue from crude oil

» low productivity, technology level and access to inputs

» Agricultural exports have diminished since the 1960s

STATE OF NIGERIA’S

AGRICULTURE

Not Withstanding

»Agriculture provides the pathway to solving Nigeria’s developmentproblems

»high potentials for employment generation, food security and povertyreduction

»radical change needed in the sector needed in order to realize itspotentials

»evaluation of agriculture policies with financial services, industry andmarket development are also required

»The current Agricultural Transformation Agenda (ATA) by the government isa step to revamp the sector

STATE OF NIGERIA’S

AGRICULTURE

» Agriculture as a business

» Food and nutritionalsecurity

» Employment generation

» Emphasize value chainsof comparativeadvantage

» Partner with the privatesector to stimulate amarket-led agriculturalsector

» Focus on youth andwomen

Geopolitical

zones

Target crops

North-East Cotton, Onion, Tomato, Cassava, Rice and

Sorghum, Livestock and Fisheries

North-West Cotton, Onion, Tomato, Cassava, Rice and

Sorghum, Livestock and Fisheries

North-

Central

Maize, Rice, Soybean, Livestock and Fisheries

South-south Oil palm, Cocoa, Cassava, Rice, Livestock and

Fisheries

South-east Oil palm, Cocoa, Cassava, Rice, Livestock and

Fisheries

South-west Oil palm, Cocoa, Cassava, Rice, Livestock and

Fisheries

» The Growth Enhancement Support (GES) scheme

» Nigerian Incentive based Risk Sharing for Agricultural Lending (NIRSAL)

» Youth Employment in Agriculture Program (YEAP)

» Establishment of agricultural equipment hiring centers

» Nigerian Agricultural Policy and Investment Observatory (NAPIO)

»To enhance food securityand create employmentthrough well formulatedagricultural policies

NORTH-CENTRAL Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Benue

Youth Collaborative

Community Agriculture

Programme (YOCCAP)

To empower the youth in

agriculture

Successful promotion of youth in

community self-help projectsPoor infrastructure

Kwara and Kogi Rice transformation planTo attain rice self-

sufficiency

1. 30MT rice mill set up in

Kwara

2. 14 integrated rice mills

with 240,000 MT capacity

established in Kogi

3. Establishment of staple

crop processing zones

(rice and cassava) in Kogi

Nassarawa

1. Youth

Empowerment

Scheme

2. Rice

transformation

plan

Youth empowerment

through rice cultivation

1. Poor rural infrastructure

2. Delayed input supply

NigerMechanization/input

supply

To boost agricultural

mechanization/productivity

1. 70% discount on seeds

and fertilizers

2. 100 tractors distributed to

25 LGAs

Plateau Mechanization To boost agricultural

mechanization

120 tractors purchased for

distribution

North-West Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Kano

The Special Mass Food

Production Programme

(SMFPP)

To stimulate sustainable

increase in agricultural

production, increase farmers’

income and improve the food

security in the State

Kano State Rice Development

Project (KSRDP)

To improve and expand dams

and irrigation infrastructure for

increased rice production in the

state

Commercial Agricultural

Development Project (CADP)

To increase the productivity of

small and medium scale

commercial farmers and agro-

processors along three value

chains, namely rice, maize and

dairy

National Fadama

Development Project (NFDP)

III

To sustainably increase income

of fadama users and reduce

fadama resources-based

conflicts

ATA – Staple Crop Processing

Zones (SCPZ) & Growth

Enhancement Support

Scheme (GES)

Focus on rice and tomato

production; provision of

subsidized inputs

North-West Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Sokoto

The Sokoto State

Agricultural and

Community

Development Project

(ACDP) (1994 – 2000)

To increase the

productivity, income and

food security of

smallholder farming

families

Proposed State Dairy

and Meat Processing

Farm (2013)

1. Youth employment

2. Export promotion

3. mechanization

Katsina

Katsina State

Agricultural and Rural

Development Authority

(KSARDA) (1987 – 1991)

To reorient and revitalize

the State Agricultural

Extension Services

a. Revamping local in-

service agricultural

training institutions

b. Preparation of new

training manuals

c. Training of over 300

staff and establishment

of an extension system

for 200,000 farming

families.

d. Development of over

500 improved irrigation

sites

Kaduna

Agriculture Growth

Enhancement Scheme

(GES)

To enhance agricultural

productivity

1. Fertilizers distributed

to over 350,000

farmers

2. About 400,000

vaccines distributed to

Insecurity

North-East Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Borno

1. Agricultural Growth

Enhancement Scheme

(GES)

2. Community Based

Agriculture and Rural

Development Programme

(CBARDP)

3. FADAMA II, and FADAMA

III

To enhance agricultural

productivity; To increase the

productivity, income and food

security of smallholder

farming families

Fertilizers, assorted

pesticides and herbicides

were made available to

farmers

Taraba

ATA – Staple Crop Processing

Zone (SCPZ) for rice close to the

Taraba River

To develop a 30,000 hectare

rice project producing 2.4

crop cycles per year, with up

to 15,000 trained personnel

and an annual output of 300,

000 tons

South-East Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

AnambraAgricultural Loan Project

for small scale farmers33,000 jobs created

The Liberation Farm

Concept project

The FADAMA project

Abia

The Abia State Oil

Producing and

Development Commission

(ASOPADEC)

To provide support

facilities to boost

production of piggery,

cassava, aquaculture

and poultry

Imo

Revamping of the Imo

Palm Plantation and Imo-

Thai Rice project

Enugu Rural Green Cities

Provision of improved

inputs at subsidized

rates to farmers.

Ebonyi Abakaliki Rice Mill

South-South Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

DeltaLivestock Development

Programme

To increase the quantity and

quality of protein intake in

the State

291,000 day old chicks and

point of lay birds distributed

625 hectare rice farm

Akwa IbomCommunity Project

Development Scheme (CPDS)

5,000 hectares of oil palm

cultivated

Accelerated Livestock and

Fish Fish Production

Programme (ALFIPP)

Integrated Farmers Scheme 950 youths trained

Cross-river

Cross River State Agricultural

and Rural Empowerment

Scheme (CARES)

To increase agricultural

output across the State

South-West Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Ogun

1. Agricultural policy for

Ogun State

2. Cash Crop Policy

policy outlines the objectives and

strategies for six major crops

(cassava, kola, cocoa, cotton, oil

palm and rice ) considered to

have comparative advantage-

No specific policy objectives and strategies

that would lead to greater private sector

engagement.

Ondo

Ondo State Agricultural Policy

(contained in the Nigerian

Golden Book)

To enhance food

production and provide

employment (establishment

of farm villages and Mobile

Farm services)

Osun

Rural Enterprise and Agriculture

Programme (O’REAP) through

one of the part way- Quick

Impact Intervention Programme

To transform rural

agriculture into

commercial enterprises

Lagos

Strategic Programme for

Accelerated Agricultural Growth

(SPAAG)

To address the shortfall in

supply of about 200,000

tonnes of fish in Nigeria

Acquired 34-hectare parcel

of land and produces 10,000

tonnes of fish annually

Rice for Job Programme

To strengthen local

capacity for rice

production, achieve a

production target of 1,600

tonnes of paddy per

annum and facilitate

access to rice processing

equipment.

180 farmers reached

South-West Major Polic(ies) Objective(s) Achievement(s) Constraint(s)

Ogun

1. Agricultural policy for

Ogun State

2. Cash Crop Policy

policy outlines the objectives

and strategies for six major

crops (cassava, kola, cocoa,

cotton, oil palm and rice )

considered to have

comparative advantage-

No specific policy objectives and strategies

that would lead to greater private sector

engagement.

Ondo

Ondo State Agricultural Policy

(contained in the Nigerian

Golden Book)

To enhance food

production and provide

employment

(establishment of farm

villages and Mobile Farm

services)

Osun

Rural Enterprise and

Agriculture Programme

(O’REAP) through one of the

part way- Quick Impact

Intervention Programme

To transform rural

agriculture into

commercial enterprises

Lagos

Strategic Programme for

Accelerated Agricultural

Growth (SPAAG)

To address the shortfall

in supply of about

200,000 tonnes of fish in

Nigeria

Acquired 34-hectare parcel

of land and produces

10,000 tonnes of fish

annually

Rice for Job Programme

To strengthen local

capacity for rice

production, achieve a

production target of

1,600 tonnes of paddy

per annum and facilitate

access to rice processing

equipment.

180 farmers reached

» Private and public domestic and foreign investments in thesector should continue

» Less involvement of government in direct production,processing and marketing of agricultural commodities andactivities as this is likely to ensure sustainability

» Create conducive policy environment for a full private sectorparticipation and development of the commodity sector.

» Proper monitoring of outlined policy and strategies isneedful in order ascertain which of them to furtherstrengthened or dropped

» Humanization of the various states and federal government agricultural policy would be most ideal to avoid overlaps, duplications and waste of resources.

» Highly coveted is the records on the outcome of the various strategies of policy put in place which could be used to measure achievements made

» Increased utilization of output from research centers for crops and livestock

» Continuous monitoring and evaluation of on-going development programs of states such as is done under the State Peer Review Mechanism (SPRM).