Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Current Issues and Emerging Trends
Steven P. French, Ph.D., FAICPProfessor of City and Regional Planning and
Director of the Center for Geographic Information SystemsGeorgia Institute of Technology
Current Issues
Smart Growth
Neotraditional Design
Sustainable Development
What is Smart Growth?
Mix of Uses
Mix of Housing Types
Connected Street Network
Range of Transportation Options
Increased Density
Protected Open Space
Smart Growth
Diversity
Design
Density
Well-Known Examples
Smart Growth
Neotraditional Design
Sustainable Development
State of Maryland
Seaside, Florida
Curitiba, Brazil
Neotraditional Design
Form of development that draws upon design concepts of the early 20th century (i.e. pre-sprawl development patterns)
Neotraditional Development
Mixed UsesGrid Street PatternSidewalks
Historic Architectural Style
Neighborhoods
On-Street ParkingAlleys
Sustainable Development
Form of development that meets the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs needs.
Sustainable Development
Economy
Equity
Environment
Benefits of Smart Growth
Reduced Vehicle Travel
Wider Choice of Modes
Reduced Air Pollution
Reduced Infrastructure Costs
Enhanced Sense of Community
Preserved Green Space
Smart Growth Examples
Post Riverside (Atlanta, GA)
Ridenour (Kennesaw, GA)
Ballston (Arlington, VA)
Kentlands, (Gaithersburg, MD
Glenwood Park (Atlanta, GA)
Vickery (Forsyth County , GA)
Before
After
Kentlands
Post Riverside
Ridenour
Clark’s Grove
INTE
RS
TATE 285
RIVERTOWN
DE
RR
I CK
HU
NT
ER
CE
DAR
GR
OV
E
CA
MP
BELL
TON F
AIRB
URN
CO
CH
RA
N M
I LL
CA
MP
BE
LLTO
N R
ED
WIN
E
WELC
OM
E ALL
Chatta
hooc
hee
River
1 0 1 2 3 4 Miles
Legend
Landuse TypesLight_industrial
Office
Open Space
Res_16units_1ac
Res_10units_1ac
Res_4units_1ac
Retail
Res_1unit_5ac
Lakes
Parkway Extension
South Fulton Parkway
Floodplain
Cochran Mill Park
South Fulton Parkway Corridor
Vicinity Map
NORTH VILLAGE
SOUTH VILLAGE
WEST VILLAGE
Figure 1 - Revised Three Village Scenario
North Village Plan
South Fulton Parkway
Results = SG + PVP + E3 – (F+R+N)
(F+R+N) = Financing, Regulatory, Neighborhood
SG = Attention to principles of smart growth
PVP = Personal Value Proposition
E3 = Economy, Environment and Equity
from Smart Growth Partnership, 2001
Barriers to Smart Growth
Outdated Regulatory Framework
Lenders Who Are Not Familiar With Mixed Use
Neighborhood Opposition
Outdated Regulatory Framework
New Local Zoning Ordinances/Districts
Model Ordinances (APA Growing Smart)
Regional Monitoring/Oversight
Timid Lenders
Smart Growth Funders’ Network
Internal Funding (REITs)
A Few Profitable Projects
Neighborhood Opposition
Regional Benefits
Reduced Air Pollution
Reduced Infrastructure Costs
Preserved Green Space
Local Costs
Increased Congestion
Loss of Green Space
Decreased Housing Value
Emerging Trends
Aging Population
Decreasing Household Size
Aging Infrastructure
Increasing Travel Per Capita
Increasing Ethnic Diversity
Polarizing Income Distribution
Increasing Suburban Employment
Zoning
REGULATORY PROCESS THAT CONTROLSTHE LOCATION OF SPECIFIC LAND USES
KEY ISSUES
TYPE OF USE
LOT SIZE AND DENSITY
LOT COVERAGE (FAR)
SETBACKSPARKING REQUIREMENTS
BUILDING HEIGHT
REGULATORY PROCESS THAT CONTROLS THE CREATION ON NEW LAND PARCELS
KEY ISSUES
LOT LAYOUT AND CONFIGURATION
STREET AND INTERSECTION DESIGN
UTILITY EASEMENTS
UTILITY FINANCE
Subdivision
Smart Growth Overlay DistrictsMixed Use DistrictsPerformance StandardsTransfer of Development Rights (TDR)Shared Parking OrdinancesUnified Development OrdinanceForm Based Codes
Innovation in Regulations
Suggested Readings
Calthorpe, Peter. 1993. The Next American Metropolis. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
Duany, Andres and Elizabeth Plater-Zyberk, 1999. Suburban Nation: The Rise of Sprawl and the Decline of the American Dream. North Point Press.
Hoch, Charles J., Linda C. Dalton and Frank S. So, eds. 2000. Practice of Local Government Planning. Third Edition. Washington, D.C.: ICMA .
Kaiser, Edward J. , David R. Godschalk and F. Stuart Chapin, Jr. 1995. Urban Land Use Planning. Fourth Edition. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
