Curbing Hospital Energy Costs - HESNI€¦ · Heat Reclaim Chiller 0.769 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 4,715,508 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $600,756/yr Heat Reclaim Chiller

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs

David N. Schurk DES., CEM., LEED-AP., CDSM., CWEP, SFP., CIAQM., HCCC., National Healthcare Strategic Accounts Manager Carrier Corporation

Presented By:



US Energy Information Administration (eia.gov) "Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey”


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

50% Energy Savings

Where are we going?

Download your free copy free:

http://www.ashrae.org/standards-

research--technology/advanced-

energy-design-guides


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

COOL

(1) Overcool air to properly

dehumidify

(2) Add reheat air to make temperature

comfortable

Cooling/Dehumidification Heating

10°f of Reheat

*Healthcare’s high airflow rates are based on ventilation code requirements and not on space sensible cooling requirements*

Space Needs

COLD

P

E

R

F

E

C

T

R

A

Aggressively Address Reheat

Operating Room Space Dew Point CW Temp Coil Temp Reheat

60°FDB at 50%RH 41°F 34°F 39°F 18°F

60°FDB at 60%RH 46°F 39°F 44°F 13°F

64°FDB at 50%RH 45°F 38°F 43°F 18°F

64°FDB at 60%RH 50°F 43°F 48°F 13°F

68°FDB at 50%RH 49°F 42°F 47°F 18°F

68°FDB at 60%RH 54°F 47°F 52°F 13°F

72°FDB at 50%RH 52°F 45°F 50°F 19°F

72°FDB at 60%RH 57°F 50°F 55°F 14°F

Outside Air Htg 7%

Reheat 55%

Space Htg 20%

DHW Htg 6%

Dietary/Sterilizers 5%

Distribution Losses 7%

Reheat & Space Heating = 75%

Chicago, IL Mid-Large Hospitals

Typical hospital usage profiles found in the ASHRAE HVAC Design Manual for Hospitals and Clinics.

“Midwest” energy consumption data.

Natural Gas

Usage


500,000 ft2/ $470,000 $352,500 = Reheat + Space Htg.


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

What's ASHE Say?

“50% of a facilities managers budget is invested in energy”.

“The HVAC system typically consumes 60-80% of the energy

necessary to operate a hospital”.

“42% of the energy a hospital uses is for reheat”.

“The internal building load, including equipment, lights and people

is the cheapest energy source for space and domestic water

heating. The systems MUST be designed to recover this energy”.


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

What's ASHRAE Say?

ASHE Monograph: Reducing Operational Costs Through Energy Efficiency


ENERGY STAR reports that for every $1 a healthcare

organization saves on energy, it has the equivalent

impact on the operating margin of increasing

revenues by $20 for hospitals assuming a 5%

operating margin.

Using current averages, reducing hospital

energy use by 50% will increase a hospital’s

total margin by 20% or more.

Energy Star (trademarked ENERGY STAR) is an international standard for

energy efficient consumer products originated in the United States. It was created

in 1992 by the environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Energy. A 2010 study by the University of Washington estimated that

hospitals consume 4% of all the energy consumed in the US.

Thermal Energy : 500,000 sqft X $0.94/sqft gas = $470,000/yr.

Electrical Energy: 500,000 sqft X $2.84/sqft electric = $1,420,000/yr.

Total Energy Cost: 1,890,000/yr.

Save 05% = $94,500 savings add: $1,890,000 added revenue


Save 25% = $472,500 savings add : $9,450,000 added revenue


500,000 sqft Typical Large Hospital @ $3.78/sqft energy cost

Houston, TX. Large Hospital - Full Circle



Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

RECOVER “WASTE-HEAT” AND RETURN IT TO THE BUILDING

Building

Outdoors

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

JANUARY DECEMBER JUNE

PEAK COOLING

PEAK HEATING

(700)

MINIMUM COOLING

500,000 (ft2) = 2,500-tons cooling / 2,000-tons heating (24M)

TONS

SIMULTANEOUS COOLING & HEATING

PEAK HEATING

MINIMUM HEATING

MINIMUM COOLING MINIMUM COOLING

700TR HRC

Find applications that require simultaneous heating and cooling.

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

JANUARY DECEMBER JUNE

500,000 (ft2) = 2,500-tons cooling / 2,000-tons heating

TONS

PEAK COOLING

Find applications that require simultaneous heating and cooling.

2500TR HRC

MINIMUM COOLING MINIMUM COOLING

MINIMUM HEATING

MINIMUM COOLING

SIMULTANEOUS COOLING & HEATING

PEAK HEATING PEAK HEATING

Storage

or

Heat-Rejection


Convert Inefficient Steam Heating to Hot Water

“Surprisingly, roughly a

quarter (25%) of the

steam that is produced

escapes the system

before it ever reaches

the intended loads”

ASHE/HFM Magazine August

2018


Aggressively Address Reheat

Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

“FREE” Regeneration Heat

Lower-Lift Chillers


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

1

2

3

3

3


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Average $0.894/therm

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjG3o-KurXZAhWHrFQKHV9GAh0QjRx6BAgAEAY&url=https://www.plumbingsupply.com/gas.html&psig=AOvVaw1o-eP5_9nJPtWvq-_530Ek&ust=1519249097956860

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs Conventional Chiller

0.427 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 2,618,364 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $333,580/yr

Conventional 95% Eff Boiler

(COP 0.95) 107.79/therms-input X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr X $0.894/therms = $844,150/yr (10,778,947 Btuh/100,000)

Heat Reclaim Chiller

0.769 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 4,715,508 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $600,756/yr

Heat Reclaim Chiller Savings: $587,786

Conventional Cooling Tower

0.06 kW/ton X 805-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 423,108 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $53,904/yr

Heat Reclaim Chiller Demand

0.769 kW/ton – 0.427 kW/ton = 0.342 kW/ton X 700 ton = 239kW X12-months X $15/kW demand = (-$43,092/yr)


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Sewer Charge???


Does NOT include additional maintenance associated with total cost of tower ownership

Chemical treatment cost = $3.00/1000 gallons

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Legionella_pneumophila_(SEM)_2.jpg


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Total Water + Chemical Cost = $82,391

A) HVAC Water Chillers & Cooling Towers: Fundamentals, Application & Operation, Herbert W. Stanford, Stanford White Associates, Consulting Engineers.

Tower service & maintenance savings NOT included

Aproximate Cooling Tower Water and Chemical Costs for Los Angles, CA

Waste GPM % Load % Run Time Hour/Year Gal/Yr Chiller Tons 700

32 100% 1.00% 8760 165,564 Tower Tons 840

32 75% 42.00% 8760 5,215,266 Tower GPM 2100

32 50% 45.00% 8760 3,725,190 Waste GPM 32

32 25% 12.00% 8760 496,692

Gal/Year 9,602,712 Water $/1000 gal 5.58$

Chem $/1000 gal 3.00$

Water Cost 53,583$

Chemical Cost 28,808$ Enter Values: In Yellow

Total Cost 82,391$


Heat Reclaim Chiller Energy Savings: $587,786

Cooling Tower Water/Chemical Savings: $82,391

Total Yearly Heat Reclaim Savings : $670,177

The Ultimate Btu Machine *Does NOT Include Utility Rebates & Incentives

$ kWh $0.65/therm $0.75/therm $0.85/therm $0.95/therm $1.05/therm

$0.04 $586,094 $680,518 $744,942 $869,366 $963,790

$0.06 $552,613 $647,037 $741,461 $835,885 $930,309

$0.08 $519,132 $613,556 $707,980 $802,404 $896,828

$0.10 $485,651 $580,075 $674,499 $768,923 $863,347

$0.12 $452,171 $546,595 $641,019 $735,443 $829,867

$0.14 $418,690 $513,114 $607,538 $701,963 $796,386

$0.16 $385,209 $479,633 $574,057 $668,481 $762,905

$0.18 $351,729 $446,153 $540,577 $635,001 $729,425

$0.20 $318,248 $412,672 $507,096 $601,220 $695,944

Total Yearly Heat Reclaim Savings


*Does NOT Include Utility Rebates & Incentives

$

$

$

$

$ $

700-Tons

Total Yearly Heat Reclaim Savings




Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

• “Free-cooling” isn't economically justifiable.

• Turn off economizer and run HR chiller(s).

• Saves tower energy, water and chemical costs.

• Reduces natural gas consumption.

• Lowers GHG emissions.

• Drastically reduces humidification requirements.

• Provides “free” reheat.

• Eliminates space air pressurization issues.

• Simplifies equipment selection and operation.


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Breakeven = Gas @ $0.4986/therm, Electricity

$0.1623/kWh, HR Eff @ 1.248 kW/ton.


Reheat and

Space Heating = 82%

Heat-Reclaim Chiller

The Ultimate Btu Machine Heat-Recovery Chillers

Putting the “H” back into HVAC

16-800 tons Single Chassis

“There is an ethical dimension to our failure to adopt

technology, products, or protocols that improve the quality

or duration of life - it is the moral equivalent of withholding

life-saving medicine from a patient in need.

The work of improving the delivery of healthcare is both

urgent and necessary.”

Sachin H. Jain MD, MBA President/CEO, CareMore Health System; Adjunct Professor, Stanford University School of Medicine.

Thank-You

Documents

Curbing Hospital Energy Costs - HESNI€¦ · Heat Reclaim Chiller 0.769 kW/ton X 700-tons X 24 hr/day X 365 days/yr = 4,715,508 kWh/yr X $0.1274/kWh = $600,756/yr Heat Reclaim Chiller