Cultures in Conflict Texas History, Chapter 17

Cultures in ConflictCultures in ConflictTexas History, Chapter 17Texas History, Chapter 17

Native Americans Control the Native Americans Control the WestWest

Settlements in Settlements in isolated West isolated West Texas were left Texas were left vulnerable to vulnerable to attacks by the attacks by the Comanches, Comanches, Kiowas and other Kiowas and other Plains peoplePlains people

Search for PeaceSearch for PeaceFederal agents Federal agents

believed that fair believed that fair treatment would treatment would stop attacksstop attacks by by Native AmericansNative Americans

Society of Friends, Society of Friends, or or Quakers: did Quakers: did notnot believe in believe in violenceviolence

Search for PeaceSearch for Peace

1867: federal agents and chiefs of Native 1867: federal agents and chiefs of Native American nations met and signed American nations met and signed Treaty of Medicine Lodge CreekTreaty of Medicine Lodge Creek

Treaty of Medicine Lodge Treaty of Medicine Lodge CreekCreek

Native Americans Native Americans would move to would move to reservations in reservations in thethe Indian Indian Territory (present-Territory (present-day Oklahoma)day Oklahoma)

Native Americans Native Americans agreed to stop agreed to stop raiding raiding settlementssettlements

Peace Policy FailsPeace Policy Fails

SatantaSatanta: : Kiowa Kiowa chiefchief who spoke who spoke against moving against moving to reservationsto reservations

““Orator of the Orator of the PlainsPlains:” Known :” Known for eloquent for eloquent speechesspeeches

http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Wisdom/Satanta.html

West Texas at WarWest Texas at War

General Sherman General Sherman investigated raids investigated raids on settlementson settlements

Kiowas attacked Kiowas attacked wagon train at Salt wagon train at Salt CreekCreek

Sherman arrested Sherman arrested SatantaSatanta

West Texas at WarWest Texas at War Satanta was Satanta was not not

executed; executed; federal federal officials afraid of officials afraid of starting war with starting war with Native AmericansNative Americans

Peace policy Peace policy abandoned; federal abandoned; federal expeditions sent to expeditions sent to destroy Native destroy Native American campsAmerican camps

http://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Wisdom/Satanta.html

West Texas at WarWest Texas at War Federal soldiers Federal soldiers

were stationed in were stationed in West Texas to West Texas to prevent Native prevent Native American raidsAmerican raids

Built series of fortsBuilt series of forts Failed to stops raids Failed to stops raids

at first: at first: not enough not enough soldiers and soldiers soldiers and soldiers were inexperiencedwere inexperienced

Native American Culture Native American Culture AttackedAttacked

Buffalo were Buffalo were important to the important to the Plain people for Plain people for foodfood & other & other necessitiesnecessities

General Sheridan General Sheridan encouraged white encouraged white buffalo hunters to buffalo hunters to kill all buffalo kill all buffalo to to defeat the Plains defeat the Plains cultureculture

Buffalo HuntersBuffalo Hunters Only interested in Only interested in

buffalo buffalo hideshides, , leaving carcass to leaving carcass to rotrot

Without the buffalo, Without the buffalo, Native Americans Native Americans would be forced to would be forced to move to move to reservationsreservations in order in order to surviveto survive

Buffalo Hunters at Adobe Buffalo Hunters at Adobe WallsWalls

Plains tribes, led Plains tribes, led by Quanah Parker, by Quanah Parker, attacked camp at attacked camp at Adobe WallsAdobe Walls

Unable to take Unable to take Adobe Walls, Adobe Walls, warriors warriors increased increased raids on Anglo raids on Anglo settlementssettlements

Red River CampaignRed River Campaign 3,000 Army troops 3,000 Army troops

sent to search for sent to search for Native American Native American campscamps

Battle of Palo Duro Battle of Palo Duro CanyonCanyon

Colonel Mackenzie Colonel Mackenzie had had 1,000 Native 1,000 Native American horses American horses destroyeddestroyed

SurrenderSurrender Kwahadies: last Kwahadies: last

Comanche bands to Comanche bands to surrendersurrender

By 1874, By 1874, most Native most Native Americans moved to Americans moved to reservationsreservations

Victory over Native Victory over Native Americans Americans resulted in resulted in westward migrationwestward migration by Anglo settlersby Anglo settlers

Kickapoo RaidersKickapoo Raiders

KickapooKickapoo raiders raiders fought on the fought on the Mexico, Texas Mexico, Texas and New Mexico and New Mexico bordersborders

Raids subdued Raids subdued after 1878after 1878

Buffalo SoldiersBuffalo Soldiers Tenth Cavalry Tenth Cavalry

made up of made up of African African AmericansAmericans

PursuedPursued Victorio Victorio and his band of and his band of Apache warriorsApache warriors in West Texasin West Texas

Buffalo SoldiersBuffalo Soldiers Soldiers Soldiers well well

respectedrespected by the by the Native Americans but Native Americans but sometimes sometimes harassed harassed by the Anglo by the Anglo American settlersAmerican settlers

19 buffalo soldiers 19 buffalo soldiers received Medals of received Medals of HonorHonor for service in for service in the American Westthe American West

Texas RangersTexas Rangers Lawlessness in Lawlessness in

South Texas grew South Texas grew partly as result of partly as result of Civil War desertersCivil War deserters

““Special Force” of Special Force” of Rangers was sent Rangers was sent to lower Rio to lower Rio Grande to establish Grande to establish peacepeace

Texas RangersTexas Rangers

Reputation for Reputation for ruthlessnessruthlessness

Sent to deal with Sent to deal with ambitious ambitious ranchers and ranchers and renegadesrenegades

Known to Known to mistreat mistreat Mexican Mexican AmericansAmericans

A New EraA New Era With threat of With threat of

raids gone, raids gone, settlers moved settlers moved into West Texasinto West Texas and established and established farms & ranchesfarms & ranches

Towns grew up Towns grew up around former around former military postsmilitary posts

Good Luck on Your Test!Good Luck on Your Test!

Review QuestionsReview Questions

By 1866, federal soldiers were By 1866, federal soldiers were stationed in West Texas tostationed in West Texas to

A. prevent Native American attacksA. prevent Native American attacks

B. Assist new settlersB. Assist new settlers

C. Stop attacks on Native AmericansC. Stop attacks on Native Americans


By 1866, federal soldiers were By 1866, federal soldiers were stationed in West Texas tostationed in West Texas to

A. A. prevent Native American attacksprevent Native American attacks

B. Assist new settlersB. Assist new settlers

C. Stop attacks on Native AmericansC. Stop attacks on Native Americans


Federal officials were opposed to Federal officials were opposed to executing Satanta becauseexecuting Satanta because

A.A. He wanted Native Americans to He wanted Native Americans to move to reservationsmove to reservations

B.B. They supported his beliefsThey supported his beliefs

C.C. They were afraid of starting a warThey were afraid of starting a war


Federal officials were opposed to Federal officials were opposed to executing Satanta becauseexecuting Satanta because

A.A. He wanted Native Americans to He wanted Native Americans to move to reservationsmove to reservations

B.B. They supported his beliefsThey supported his beliefs

C.C. They were afraid of starting a warThey were afraid of starting a war


Who were well respected by the Who were well respected by the Native Americans but harassed by Native Americans but harassed by the Anglo American settlers?the Anglo American settlers?

A.A. Mexican AmericansMexican Americans

B.B. Buffalo soldiersBuffalo soldiers

C.C. Buffalo huntersBuffalo hunters


Who were well respected by the Who were well respected by the Native Americans but harassed by Native Americans but harassed by the Anglo American settlers?the Anglo American settlers?


B.B. Buffalo soldiersBuffalo soldiers

C.C. Buffalo huntersBuffalo hunters


At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop raids by Native Americans for all raids by Native Americans for all these reasons EXCEPTthese reasons EXCEPT

A.A. Soldiers were inexperiencedSoldiers were inexperienced

B.B. It did not have enough soldiersIt did not have enough soldiers

C.C. It failed to build fortsIt failed to build forts


At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop At first, the U.S. Army failed to stop raids by Native Americans for all raids by Native Americans for all these reasons EXCEPTthese reasons EXCEPT

A.A. Soldiers were inexperiencedSoldiers were inexperienced

B.B. It did not have enough soldiersIt did not have enough soldiers

C.C. It failed to build fortsIt failed to build forts


Nineteen buffalo soldiers received Nineteen buffalo soldiers received this for service in the American this for service in the American WestWest

A.A. LandLand

B.B. Congressional Medal of HonorCongressional Medal of Honor

C.C. Guns and suppliesGuns and supplies


Nineteen buffalo soldiers received Nineteen buffalo soldiers received this for service in the American this for service in the American WestWest

A.A. LandLand

B.B. Congressional Medal of HonorCongressional Medal of Honor

C.C. Guns and suppliesGuns and supplies


Lawlessness in South Texas grew Lawlessness in South Texas grew partly as a result ofpartly as a result of

A.A. Few laws on the booksFew laws on the books

B.B. Civil War desertersCivil War deserters

C.C. An increase in Native AmericansAn increase in Native Americans


Lawlessness in South Texas grew Lawlessness in South Texas grew partly as a result ofpartly as a result of

A.A. Few laws on the booksFew laws on the books

B.B. Civil War desertersCivil War deserters

C.C. An increase in Native AmericansAn increase in Native Americans


Quakers were often selected as Quakers were often selected as reservations agents because they reservations agents because they opposedopposed

A.A. The federal governmentThe federal government

B.B. ViolenceViolence

C.C. Anglo settlersAnglo settlers


Quakers were often selected as Quakers were often selected as reservations agents because they reservations agents because they opposedopposed

A.A. The federal governmentThe federal government

B.B. ViolenceViolence

C.C. Anglo settlersAnglo settlers


Buffalo were important to Native Buffalo were important to Native Americans of the Plains forAmericans of the Plains for

A.A. FoodFood

B.B. SacrificeSacrifice

C.C. RidingRiding


Buffalo were important to Native Buffalo were important to Native Americans of the Plains forAmericans of the Plains for

A.A. FoodFood

B.B. SacrificeSacrifice

C.C. RidingRiding


By November 1874, most Native By November 1874, most Native Americans in TexasAmericans in Texas

A.A. Resumed their old way of lifeResumed their old way of life

B.B. Were going to reservationsWere going to reservations

C.C. Had defeated white settlersHad defeated white settlers


By November 1874, most Native By November 1874, most Native Americans in TexasAmericans in Texas

A.A. Resumed their old way of lifeResumed their old way of life

B.B. Were going to reservationsWere going to reservations

C.C. Had defeated white settlersHad defeated white settlers


The white buffalo hunters were The white buffalo hunters were primarily interested in buffaloprimarily interested in buffalo

A.A. HidesHides

B.B. SinewSinew

C.C. PaunchesPaunches


The white buffalo hunters were The white buffalo hunters were primarily interested in buffaloprimarily interested in buffalo

A.A. HidesHides

B.B. SinewSinew

C.C. PaunchesPaunches


The Tenth Cavalry was made up ofThe Tenth Cavalry was made up of


B.B. African AmericansAfrican Americans

C.C. Native AmericansNative Americans


The Tenth Cavalry was made up ofThe Tenth Cavalry was made up of


B.B. African AmericansAfrican Americans

C.C. Native AmericansNative Americans


Many people believed the Texas Many people believed the Texas Rangers often mistreatedRangers often mistreated

A.A. Sheep ranchersSheep ranchers

B.B. Cattle ranchersCattle ranchers

C.C. Mexican AmericansMexican Americans


Many people believed the Texas Many people believed the Texas Rangers often mistreatedRangers often mistreated

A.A. Sheep ranchersSheep ranchers

B.B. Cattle ranchersCattle ranchers

C.C. Mexican AmericansMexican Americans


The leader of the Apaches who The leader of the Apaches who fought battles in Texas and Mexico fought battles in Texas and Mexico waswas

A.A. SatantaSatanta

B.B. VictorioVictorio

C.C. Lawrie TatumLawrie Tatum


The leader of the Apaches who The leader of the Apaches who fought battles in Texas and Mexico fought battles in Texas and Mexico waswas

A.A. SatantaSatanta


C.C. Lawrie TatumLawrie Tatum


Known as the Society of FriendsKnown as the Society of Friends

A.A. KwahadiesKwahadies

B.B. QuakersQuakers

C.C. KickapoosKickapoos


Known as the Society of FriendsKnown as the Society of Friends


B.B. QuakersQuakers

C.C. KickapoosKickapoos


According to the Treaty of Medicine According to the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek, Native Americans Lodge Creek, Native Americans would live on reservations inwould live on reservations in

A.A. present-day Kansaspresent-day Kansas

B.B. Indian TerritoryIndian Territory

C.C. North of the Red RiverNorth of the Red River


According to the Treaty of Medicine According to the Treaty of Medicine Ledge Creek, Native Americans Ledge Creek, Native Americans would live on reservations inwould live on reservations in

A.A. present-day Kansaspresent-day Kansas


C.C. North of the Red RiverNorth of the Red River


Group that attacked a wagon train Group that attacked a wagon train at Salt Creekat Salt Creek

A.A. ApachesApaches

B.B. KwahadiesKwahadies

C.C. KiowasKiowas


Group that attacked a wagon train Group that attacked a wagon train at Salt Creekat Salt Creek

A.A. ApachesApaches

B.B. KwahadiesKwahadies

C.C. KiowasKiowas


Texas Rangers were sent to the Texas Rangers were sent to the lower Rio Grande to control all of lower Rio Grande to control all of these groups EXCEPTthese groups EXCEPT

A.A. The Special ForceThe Special Force

B.B. RenegadesRenegades

C.C. Ambitious RanchersAmbitious Ranchers


Texas Rangers were sent to the Texas Rangers were sent to the lower Rio Grande to control all of lower Rio Grande to control all of these groups EXCEPTthese groups EXCEPT

A.A. The Special ForceThe Special Force

B.B. RenegadesRenegades

C.C. Ambitious RanchersAmbitious Ranchers


Last Comanche bands to surrenderLast Comanche bands to surrender


B.B. KickapoosKickapoos

C.C. ApachesApaches


Last Comanche bands to surrenderLast Comanche bands to surrender


B.B. KickapoosKickapoos

C.C. ApachesApaches


Site of a key battle of the Red River Site of a key battle of the Red River campaigncampaign

A.A. Salt CreekSalt Creek

B.B. Palo Duro CanyonPalo Duro Canyon

C.C. Adobe WallsAdobe Walls


Site of a key battle of the Red River Site of a key battle of the Red River campaigncampaign





Camp of buffalo hunters attacked Camp of buffalo hunters attacked by tribes led by Quanah Parkerby tribes led by Quanah Parker





Camp of buffalo hunters attacked Camp of buffalo hunters attacked by tribes led by Quanah Parkerby tribes led by Quanah Parker





Why did Sheridan encouraged Why did Sheridan encouraged buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo?buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo?

A.A. Anglo Americans would stop Anglo Americans would stop migrating with the buffalomigrating with the buffalo

B.B. Native Americans would lose their Native Americans would lose their way of life and move to reservationsway of life and move to reservations

C.C. Buffalo were overpopulating ranchesBuffalo were overpopulating ranches


Why did Sheridan encouraged Why did Sheridan encouraged buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo?buffalo hunters to kill all the buffalo?

A.A. Anglo Americans would stop Anglo Americans would stop migrating with the buffalomigrating with the buffalo

B.B. Native Americans would lose their Native Americans would lose their way of life and move to reservationsway of life and move to reservations

C.C. Buffalo were overpopulating ranchesBuffalo were overpopulating ranches


Present-day Oklahoma was known Present-day Oklahoma was known as thisas this

A.A. Indian TerritoryIndian Territory

B.B. SatantaSatanta

C.C. Special ForceSpecial Force


Present-day Oklahoma was known Present-day Oklahoma was known as thisas this

A.A. Indian TerritoryIndian Territory

B.B. SatantaSatanta

C.C. Special ForceSpecial Force

Review QuestionReview Question

Site of a raid on a wagon train for Site of a raid on a wagon train for which Satanta was arrestedwhich Satanta was arrested




Review QuestionReview Question

Site of a raid on a wagon train for Site of a raid on a wagon train for which Satanta was arrestedwhich Satanta was arrested





Who was the “Orator of the Plains?”Who was the “Orator of the Plains?”

A.A. Quanah ParkerQuanah Parker


C.C. SatantaSatanta


Who was the “Orator of the Plains?”Who was the “Orator of the Plains?”

A.A. Quanah ParkerQuanah Parker


C.C. SatantaSatanta

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Cultures in Conflict Texas History, Chapter 17