CULTURECULTURE

WeWe’’ve all heard the word, but ve all heard the word, but what does it mean to you? what does it mean to you? What do you know about What do you know about

““CULTURECULTURE””??

The Meaning ofThe Meaning of CultureCulture

Culture: peopleCulture: people’’s way of life. s way of life. Culture is inherited and Culture is inherited and

learned.learned.Culture shapes lives and Culture shapes lives and

perceptions.perceptions.

Cultural LandscapeCultural Landscape• If you have ever studied the earth’s

surface from an airplane thousands of feet in the air, you have observed the cultural landscape – the modification of the natural landscape by human activities.

Midwestern U.S.Midwestern U.S.

Big Cities

Culture – the complex mix of values, beliefs, behaviors, and material objects that together form a people’ way of life. – Important terminology follows:

• Non-material CultureNon-material Culture – consists of abstract concepts of values, beliefs and behaviors.

• Values Values – are culturally defined standards that guide the way people assess desirability, goodness, and beauty, and that serve as guidelines for moral living.

Red Sonia – Leslie Red Sonia – Leslie Hovvels of Welsh – Hovvels of Welsh – died because of died because of infection related to infection related to nose piercings.nose piercings.

• Egyptian body piercings reflected status and love of beauty.

• Romans were practical piercers. Signified Strength and Virility.

• Aztecs, Mayans and some American Indians practiced Tongue Piercing as religious ritual.

• Modern Day – Mostly limited to the ears until recently. Hippies of the 1960’s traveled to India and brought back the concept of nose rings. The concept of body piercing has continued to gain in popularity throughout the 80’s, 90’s and today.

• BeliefsBeliefs – specific statements that people hold to be true – almost always based on values.

• BehaviorsBehaviors – Actions that people take – generally based on values and beliefs as reflected in norms--norms--the rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members.

Material Culture –Material Culture – wide range concrete human creations. • Artifacts – reflect the values, beliefs, and behaviors

of a culture. – From an airplane you can readily see material culture as it

relates to the environment. • Roads• Houses• Buildings,• Car• Farm equipment• Airport runways

– Look beyond the objects… Why does a person build a house? Why are the houses arranged in the patterns that you see? What purpose do checkerboards serve, and where do the roads lead? The answers to these questions lie in the values, beliefs, and behaviors (non-material culture) that humans use to guide the creation and maintenance of their artifacts (material culture)

Elements of Culture:Elements of Culture:

GovernmentGovernment ReligionReligion Arts and LiteratureArts and Literature Customs and traditionsCustoms and traditions EconomicsEconomics

Social OrganizationsSocial Organizations LanguageLanguage

ObjectivesObjectives

SWBAT identify the 7 elements of SWBAT identify the 7 elements of cultureculture

SWBAT discuss examples of the 7 SWBAT discuss examples of the 7 elements of cultureelements of culture

SWBAT develop associations that SWBAT develop associations that help remember each elementhelp remember each element

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

GovernmentGovernmentDeveloped to provide for the Developed to provide for the

commoncommon needs of the group needs of the groupKeep order within Keep order within society society Protection from outside Protection from outside threatsthreatsGovernment refers to: laws & Government refers to: laws &

political political institutionsinstitutionsTraditional - Democracy - Traditional - Democracy -

Republic - Republic - Dictatorship Dictatorship

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

ReligionReligionReligion helps answer lifeReligion helps answer life’’s s

questionsquestionsUnites cultures and is linked to Unites cultures and is linked to

artartSupports the values of the Supports the values of the

groupgroupVary: Monotheism & Vary: Monotheism & PolytheismPolytheismReligion = center of Religion = center of conflictsconflicts

Discussion TopicDiscussion Topic

Why does religion cause so Why does religion cause so much conflict?much conflict?

Do you think anything can Do you think anything can be done to resolve religious be done to resolve religious conflicts?conflicts?

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

Arts and LiteratureArts and Literature

Teaches about our cultural Teaches about our cultural valuesvaluesUsed for Used for entertainmententertainmentPassed down from Passed down from generationgeneration to to

generationgenerationHelps strengthen cultural Helps strengthen cultural identityidentityHelps promote pride and Helps promote pride and unityunity

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

Customs and TraditionsCustoms and TraditionsRules of Rules of Behavior Behavior Rules for eating, dressing, Rules for eating, dressing,

talking, sleeping and talking, sleeping and greetingsgreetingsEnforcement of rules: Enforcement of rules: twotwo

major ways to enforce the rulesmajor ways to enforce the rules–Social Social pressurepressure for minor for minor –LawsLaws for major rules. for major rules.

Discussion QuestionDiscussion Question

What are some examples of What are some examples of customs and traditions?customs and traditions?

Give an example of a minor Give an example of a minor punishment.punishment.

Create an example with a major Create an example with a major consequence for problem consequence for problem behaviorbehavior

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

Economic SystemsEconomic Systems Using Using limitedlimited resources to satisfy resources to satisfy

unlimited wants and needsunlimited wants and needs 33 economic questions: What should economic questions: What should

be produced, How should …, and for be produced, How should …, and for whomwhom should it be produced should it be produced

Traditional: Traditional: peoplepeople provide goods provide goods Market: individuals answer Market: individuals answer ???? Command: Command: governmentgovernment answers answers Mixed: Mixed: peoplepeople and government and government

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

Social OrganizationsSocial Organizations Organize members in smaller units Organize members in smaller units Meet the Meet the basicbasic needs of the group needs of the group Family Patterns: Family Patterns: familyfamily most most

importantimportant Learn behavior and Learn behavior and beliefsbeliefs of society of society Nuclear Families & Nuclear Families & ExtendedExtended Families Families PatriarchalPatriarchal & Matriarchal authority & Matriarchal authority Social Classes part of Social Classes part of mostmost cultures cultures

Discussion Topic Discussion Topic

What lessons have you What lessons have you learned from your family?learned from your family?

Do social classes have any Do social classes have any value?value?

Seven E lements of Cu l tu r e: GR A CE 'S L A N GU A GE

Social Organizationhow peop le and p laces a re d iv ided in to

sm a lle r, m ore m anageab le ones

Customs and Traditionsaccep ted ru les o f behavio rs and trad -

itiona l p ractices o f a cu ltu re

Religionansw ers the basic questions abou t the

m ean ing and pu rpose o f life

Languagethe w ay though ts, fee lings, and know ledge

are passed on

Economyhow peop le use lim ited resources

to sa tis fy un lim ited w an ts

Artsdance , d ram a, lite ra tu re , m usic and

visua l a rts o f a cu ltu re

Governmentprov ides fo r the com m on needs o f

p ro tection , o rder, and sa fe tyGovernment

Religion

Customs & Traditions

Social Organization

Language

Economy

Arts

LanguageLanguageCornerstoneCornerstone of Culture of CultureCulture passed through Culture passed through

languagelanguageAll cultures have languageAll cultures have languageLanguage reflects a cultureLanguage reflects a culture’’s s

identityidentitySome countries have Some countries have mixed mixed

languageslanguages

Discussion QuestionDiscussion Question

1. Should we have an official 1. Should we have an official language?language?

2. Should the US require that 2. Should the US require that all signs, commercials, TV all signs, commercials, TV shows and public information shows and public information be written in both English and be written in both English and Spanish? ExplainSpanish? Explain