Culture of INDIA & CHINA

8/12/2019 Culture of INDIA & CHINA

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Cross Cultural Management

Presentation

on

Cultures of China

& India


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HOFSTEDESCULTURAL DIMENSONS

Professor Geert Hofstede conducted studies on IBM

employee between 1967 and 1973

The data covered more than 70 countries, first used 40

countries afterwards extended the analysis to 50 countries

and 3 regions.

The values that distinguished country cultures from each

other are categorized into four groups.


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HOFSTEDESCULTURAL DIMENSONS

The four groups of the Hofstede dimensions of national

culture:

Power Distance (PDI)

Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV)

Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS)

Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI)


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POWER DISTANCE

Power Distance measures the distribution of power and

wealth between people in a nation, business or culture.

The power-distance index seeks to demonstrate the extent

to which subordinates or ordinary citizens submit to

authority.


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UNCERTAINITY AVOIDENCE

The uncertainty avoidance dimension expresses the

degree to which a person in society feels uncomfortable

with a sense of uncertainty and ambiguity.

The fundamental issue is how a society deals with the fact

that the future can never be known.


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INDIVIDUALISM

Individualism is the degree to which individuals are

integrated into groups.

In an individualistic societies, the stress is put on personal

achievements and individual rights.


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MASCULINITY

Masculinity is the distribution of emotional roles between

the genders.

Masculine cultures' values are competitiveness,

assertiveness, materialism, ambition and power.


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INDIA


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POWER DISTANCE

India scores high on this dimension, 71,

indicating an appreciation for hierarchy

and a top-down structure in society and

organizations.

Employees expect to be directed clearly

as to their functions and what is

expected of them.


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INDIVIDUALISM

India, despite an intermediate score of

49, is a society with clear collectivistic

traits.

This means that there is a high

preference for belonging to a larger

social framework in which individuals

are expected to act in accordance to the

greater good of ones defined in-

group(s).


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India scores 31 on this dimension and

thus has a medium low preference for

avoiding uncertainty

In India, there is acceptance of

imperfection; nothing has to be perfect

nor has to go exactly as planned.


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MASCULINITY

India scores 57 on this dimension

and is thus considered a

masculine society.

Work is the center of ones life

and visible symbols of success in

the work place are very important.


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CHINA


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POWER DISTANCE

China is a society that believes that

inequalities amongst people are

acceptable which is also visible in its

score at 74.

There exists a subordinate-superior

relationship and there is no defense

against power abuse by superiors.

Individuals are influenced by formal

authority and sanctions.


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INDIVIDUALISM

China with a score of 16 is a highly

collectivist culture where people act in

the interests of the group and not

necessarily of themselves.

In-group considerations affect hiring

and promotions with closer in-groups

(such as family) are getting preferential

treatment.

Personal relationships prevail over task

and company.


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MASCULINITY

China is a masculine society with a

score of 68 which means a success

oriented and driven society.

The need to ensure success can beexemplified by the fact that many

Chinese will sacrifice family and

leisure priorities to work.

Leisure time is not so important.


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China has a low score on uncertaintyavoidance i.e. 21. This shows that they

are stable when tackling uncertain

situations.

The Chinese are comfortable with

ambiguity; the Chinese language is full

of ambiguous meanings that can be

difficult for Western people to follow.

Chinese are adaptable and

entrepreneurial.


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COMPARISON

OF CHINA &

INDIA


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Both the countries are on same level in the power distance

dimension. Both countries society accept in-equalities between the

power-privileged and those who have less power-privilege.


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Both the countries have low score in individualism dimension. The

degree of collectivism in China is much higher as compared to

India.


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Both societies are masculine but the degree of masculinity is

higher in China as compared to India. China & India both are

success oriented countries but the difference lies on the

importance of leisure time. Leisure time for Chinese people is notimportant but in case of Indian people it is important for them.


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Uncertainty avoidance index of both countries are low

which shows that they can handle unexpected situation

and are also stable. In comparison to China, India ishaving less stability when tackling uncertain situations.


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Thank You

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Culture of INDIA & CHINA