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7/29/2019 Cultural Studies Course 4
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TIME
PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
7/29/2019 Cultural Studies Course 4
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The past
History does not explain the contemporary
because it is too selective and partial
Representation of past are always
arbitrary
The present is nothing except a
representation of the past
Habit
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The past
History knowledge about the past and thepast as such
History as knowledge and history as event
Modern history no more providence
the French Revolution
archives Ethics
History as progress
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The past
2 views
progressive and non-progressive
Historicism the past as fundamentallyother
Plea
For the modern view history accounts forthe present sure of defamiliarisation
It teaches us other ways of doing things
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The past
History as conservation, preservation,
museification as it carries values of
European modernity
Conservatism - Edmund Burke Reflections
on the Revolution in France (1790)
Civilised national heritage (cultural history) vs.
enlightened radical social policy (reason)
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The past
- Black armband history
Representation of past in contemporary
leisure culture
a retreat from the difficult, uncertain
present or an investment of large
resources in preserving the past
E.g. golden oldie stations, TV reruns, old
movies
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The past
History fans antiquarianism (the British
and American Civil War)
TV documentaries
Historical fiction (Barbara Cartland)
History and fiction
Ground of identity genealogy
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The past
Historical a basis of identity for ethnicitiesand nations - slavery for African
Americans, colonisation, the Blitz for
Londoners Nostalgia for the past a sign of past
weakening
The Heritage Industry , cultural memorycomercialised modes of presentation anidealised view of the past
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The past
History as injury public and private
Public the Holocaust, Korean women,
the stolen generation
US military returning from Vietnam Post
Traumatic Stress Disorder
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THE PRESENT
Presentism
Contemporary the zero through which thefuture becomes the past, the plenitude in whichour lives occur
Modernity starts with the French Revolution andthe Holocaust or the mythical traditional Englishvillage
Present relates to the future China will become
more powerful The parcel of past time that we recognise as
belonging to us now
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THE PRESENT
R. Williams
1. the residual current formations whichwere inherited from the past but have little
future 2. the dominant (formations that control
the present)
3. the emergent (formations have notattained the full development andinfluence)
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THE PRESENT
Relationship between contemporary,
youth, fashion and cultural studies
The contemporary is changing faster than
before?
There is no more unified and agreed set of
terms to analyse the contemporary
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THE PRESENT
Much info: market research social maps
of desire, the geography of crime,
economic geographies, electoral
boundaries, plant and animal habitats(every surviving individual has a name)
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THE PRESENT
ModernismV. Woolf human nature changed around1910
Modernism - a break with realism towardsexperimentation
A less moralistic attitude towards sexuality
new relations between classes Increasing tolerance for state intervention
in peoples welfare
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THE PRESENT
Postmodernism
Womens movement, rise of neoliberalism, end of the Cold War, the
collapse of socialist ideals, decline of classas marker of identity and culturaldifference
TV becomes a core media, extension oftertiary education
Great art a commodity
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THE PRESENT
A relationship between the decline of
colonialism and the jeopardy in which
progressivism and rationality are?
History is associated with relativism
Postmodern politics appeals to desires
and needs that are media constructs e.g.
US Presidentactor
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THE FUTURE
M. Arnold culture is a seedbed for social
change
R. Williams culture way of progressive
socialist view of the future
Foucault downgraded progressivism
history a passage of abrupt transitions
rather than a continous flow
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THE FUTURE
Forecasting the future is the result ofpresent action
Future can be controlled and if not, at least
known Futuristic images science fiction -
projections of the present in which they
were created We re living in the future now major
publicity campaigns for new technologies
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THE FUTURE
Time travels in future to preserve the past
Or the present every day opens to the
future
Dystopian societies are often imagined as
police states, with unlimited power over
the citizens.
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THE FUTURE
Cultural policy
August Comte and Saint Simon planningthe future society
Foucault modern power empowers andforms subjects typically by governmentprocesses
J. Fichte and von Humboldt philosophersand theorists involved in policy makingand administration
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THE FUTURE
Causes of cultural politics
- growing importance of cultural industry
(cultural tourism), perceived threats to
national culture, backclash against
subsidies high art and governmentally
endorsed and managed multiculturalism
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THE FUTURE
The appearance of creative industries(copyright industries) leisure and culturalinterests developed via public privates
partnerships: art centres, comedyfestivals, walking trails, libraries, fashionshows, public artworks
Multiculturalism encouragement \ofdifferent cultures within one nations ates)and
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The future
Multiculturalism encouragement of
different cultures within one nations states
Cultural diversity openness to different
cultural global flows