Cultural and creative spillovers in Europe€¦ · finding explanation for spillovers causality need investigation based on talks with people involved. • (B2) To understand cultural

Cultural and creative spillovers in Europe

Tsveta Andreeva European Cultural Foundation Nadine Hanemann european centre for creative economy Nicole McNeilly Arts Council England

20th May 2016

Cultural and creative spillovers in Europe

ecce is funded by:

A critical research area…

…and with local, regional, national and international currency.

Preliminary evidence review

Research objectives To better understand what evidence exists on a European-wide level on

spillover effects of public investment in arts and culture

To understand spillover effects that arise as a consequence of investment by public or private stakeholders in the arts, culture and creative industries.

To develop an interdisciplinary and shared understanding of the methods of gathering evidence around spillovers

To recommend suitable methodologies for measuring spillover effects

To promote consistent and credible research methods to enable sector and public authorities to improve effective policy making and resource allocation

created the first evidence base of 98 spillover projects,

found an evidence-based concept and definition of ‘cultural creative spillover effects’,

a review of evaluation methods and the strengths and weaknesses of existing methodologies, and

developed recommendations for future research on spillover effects.

What did we do?

An evidence-based definition

The evidence base

98 documents from 17 countries. 29 UK and its constituent countries, 8 Norway, 6 each Finland and

Germany. Diverse mix of study type and methodology.

Classification of spillover types

Main findings

Three strong spillover areas:

Innovation Health and wellbeing Creative milieu and place branding

Methodological recommendations

There is a need to: investigate the role of public investment in stimulating

spillovers across the economy, particularly around innovation in CCIs and beyond

measure causality through in-depth and longitudinal research

develop new tools and approaches, including qualitative methods from the social sciences: Action research, experimental studies using counterfactuals and a proxy research approach

Research call 2016

A call for case studies testing innovative methods to evaluate cultural and creative spillovers in Europe

This research will: Test hypotheses around the innovative evaluation method(s) of cultural

and creative spillovers, Take account of arts, cultural and creative

activity/projects/developments where cultural and creative spillover effects have been evaluated or might be evaluated,

Feature case studies from four different EU28, EU candidate and Eastern Partnership countries;

Be either delivered in full by a consortium or delivered in part by partnerships between a research organisation and an arts, cultural or creative industries organization.

Successful case studies

Concordia Design Centre, Poznań, Poland ALTUM Foundation and ROK AMU University Culture Observatory in Poznań, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Festival Rotterdam Unlimited (RU), Rotterdam, the Netherlands Erasmus University, Polytechnic University of Turin and the CREARE Foundation KUULTO and Tampere Together, Finland Foundation for Cultural Policy Research (Cupore) Lucca Comics and Games, Lucca, Italy Analysis and Management of Cultural Heritage – IMT Insitute for Advanced Studies Lucca, Italy.

Testing research methods of cultural and crative spillover effect causality: Concordia Design Center in Poznan, Poland

Dr Marcin Poprawski Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Poland

Institute of Cultural Studies / AMU Faculty of Social Sciences

AMU ROK Culture Observatory

ALTUM Foundation - Poznan

Concordia Design Center in Poznan

Concordia Design ( https://www.concordiadesign.pl/en ) - centre of creativity, design and business, - operated by the private owners, - located in the very centre of Poznań (Poland), - renovated Old Printing House. The project was initiated in 2010 with a grant for renovation of 1890 origin building (co-funded from public grants). - a major design thinking creative approach lab in Poland, - conceptual and consulting headquater for privately owned cross-sectoral initiatives Human Touch Group, - focusing on the role of humanistic management (design thinking origin, aesthetics, multi-sensoric) methods in business and education.


https://www.concordiadesign.pl/en

CONCORDIA environment… - creative engine and a spillover factor for new satelite organizations such as:

- School of Form – design and crafts highschool, - Vox Industries – furniture factory, - SWPS University – University of Social Psychology, - Baltyk skyscraper, - Collegium Da Vinci school, - Da Vinci Elementary School, - Vox Artis Contemporary Art Foundation, - Talent Scholarship Fund, - Concordia Restaurant. - Concordia start-ups INCUBATOR It offers also design and creativity festivals, platform for bloggers (BLOGTej) and a location for TEDex and other conferences.


Concordia genering a windwirl

of stakeholders:

entrepreneurial and creative approach:

consultancy clients,

creative workshops participants,

designers, architects,

creative business entrepreneurs, start-ups creators

policy makers (workshops on the city future)

city inhabitants: kids, women leaders, unemployed, artists, social and civic organizations from the neighbourhood districts, public officers, local and regional government bodies, schools, families etc.


The new inventory of Concordia initiators is a new iconic office building skyscraper under construction BALTYK done by MVRDV


Their essential work space (alternative to open spaces) is the whole cluster of offices „Incubator” / „Co-work” offered to creative industry, start-ups and related businesses.


(A) Concordia Design Case Creative Spillover hypotheses

• (A1) Concordia Design Centre after 4(6) years of its activity became most influential creative industry organization that caused an evidence prooved positive change to entrepreneurial and social environment in the Poznan metropolitan area of Poland. This place is seriously impacting the trends in business approach and organizational models followed in the city.

• (A2) Concordia Design Centre is impacting professional business education quality and general personal development offer, injecting into educational systems a set of innovative methods and humanistic approach to teaching (also technical subjects). The range of their impact is from kindergarden till university PhD studies.

• (A3) Concordia Design Centre is an inspiring casestudy of breaking some old standards of business operational routines…

• (A4) Concordia Design Centre is impacting City of Poznan implicite cultural policies and official promotion strategy, local and regional politicians decisions, directing its image and developmental potential from oldfashioned trade center into the city of design, innovative talents and creative economy spirit.


• (A5) Concordia is an organization funded from private funds with the public co-financing part provided for revitalisation of an old printing house building located in a very city centre. The hypothesis tested is that the role of the cityhall or regional government is not that of taking full financial and operational or institutional responsibility for running creativity, innovation or design centres as institutions or city owned incubators. Much more natural and still fast spillover effect is provided when the public sector stimulates the development of trustworthy, creative, knowledge driven private players in the city who, if not disturbed, focused on the real work and not local politics, have much more chance to succeed in business and social spillover of creative industry initiative. The public sector should support some intrastructural conditions and encourage cross-sectoral networking.


(B) Evaluating Creative Spillover hypotheses

• (B1) Creative Spillover causality could be tested through mixed method of qualitative and experimental research tools based on DIALOGUE with parties engaged and influenced. Evaluation of the spillover effect could be supported with some quantitaive data, but following the processes, and finding explanation for spillovers causality need investigation based on talks with people involved.

• (B2) To understand cultural and creative spillover effects you need not only to analyse the outcomes and recent processes of the tested organisation but also the history of socio-cultural processes taking place in the city. What is essential in diagnosing and testing creative spillover effects is the insight into the genealogy of social environment that is a soil of spillover.

• (B3) The creative spillover could be metaphorically seen as a whirlwind of stakeholders that should taken into conversation when starting the spillover evaluation process.


• (B4) Majority of communication processes, building, keeping, developing human and projects relations are done in mediated, Internet-based sphere. To track the creative spillover effect we shall use, Media Discourse Analysis, semiotics of communication processes, including social media, or some netnographic tools, to catch the dynamics of creativity spread.

• (B5) Evaluating spillovers must be based on the methods that are relevant to humanities and social sciences, including ethnographic methods like anthropology of organization or heuristic apporach, that will give an access to real-life situations in decision processes.


Testing Methods: {A} C&C Spillover genealogy & content analysis

With this tool we want to analyse the historiographic and social context of the spillover, the soil on which the processes are taking place. To understand cultural and creative spillover effects you need not only to analyse the outcomes and recent processes of the tested organisation but also the history of socio-cultural processes taking place in the city. What is essential in diagnosing and testing creative spillover effects is the insight into the genealogy of social environment that is a soil of spillover.

{B} Mediated Discourse Analysis (MDA), semiotics and Virtual Settlements Map (VSM); to scrutinize the local creative industry in Poznań with the usage of qualitative tools available for both traditional and new media communication analysis. Diagnosis of overall communication attached to Concordia Design and its audience;


{B} Mediated Discourse Analysis (MDA), semiotics and Virtual Settlements Map (VSM); to scrutinize the local creative industry in Poznań with the usage of qualitative tools available for both traditional and new media communication analysis. Diagnosis of overall communication attached to Concordia Design and its audience;

{C} C&C Spillover qualitative research methods – qualitative mapping of social environment: focus groups interviews (FGI) & workshops sessions (5-7), in-depth interviews (around 30) with representatives of all parties involved in Spillover effects identified in content and MDA analysis

{D} C&C Spillover casestudy tested with taylored experimental methods: anthropology of organization observation methods, phenomenology of organization, organizational aesthetics and heuristics approaches operated within management and humanity studies’ (access to real-life situations in decision processes)

{E} experimental research implementation module (?) component – a micro-test of the one method proposed to test – provided by European research partnership or selected from other cases accepted in the tender call – a chance to test ‘other’s (guest) research method within Poznan case study in cooperation with the competitive tenderer / team


Bermuda triangle of culture by Dragan Klaic + or WHERE WE ARE NOW…

cultural industry new devices, platforms and formats, copyrights

profit, power, appeal; global oligopolis

Cultural education {the heart of C. Policy}

(competencies / literacy / knowledge / taste / inter-generational transmission of values)

contemp. creativity cult. heritage fragile, nomadic vulnerable

endangered

all generate content, styles, conventions (sometimes frictions & contradictions)


For certainly you would not die for material objects, which belong not to you (for you are but a pathway and a transit)… You will die for the meaning of the book, not for the ink and paper.

You can live only by that which you transform and whereby, since you barter yourself for it, you die a little day by day Antoine de Saint – Exupéry (1900-1944), The Wisdom of the Sands [Citadelle, *1936-1944, posth.1948], (transl. Stuart Gilbert), Hollis & Carter, London 1952, pp. 291 – 292.


Inviting aesthetics and heuristic to creative industry research as theoretical fundament

authors:

• Pierre Bourdieu (Distinction) / Alexis de Tocqueville

• George Steiner (Grammars of Creation)

• Roman Ingarden (Studies in the Aesthetics)

• Hans Georg Gadamer (Truth and Method, Hermeneutics, concept of play & be played)

• Roger Scruton (Art and Imagination) / F. Nietzsche / I. Kant

• Karol Berger – [Stanford musicologist] (Power of Taste)

keywords:

aesthetic experience, perception, interpretation, reception, concretisation, imagination, creative process, the reader, taste, con-sensual, ambiguity, involvement, sacrifice

MANAGEMENT as HUMANITIES …



KUULTO and Tampere Together

Finnish Foundation for Cultural Policy Research (CUPORE)

Action research as a qualitative tool to identify and

evaluate knowledge and network spillovers in art and culture projects

Hypothesis: action research is a valuable tool for identifying and analysing knowledge and network spillovers. The holistic approach draws heavily upon grassroots level participation. Long-term collaborative processes include iterative cycles of action and evaluative reflections between local inhabitants, associations, cultural institutions, researchers and other experts. The approach is qualitative.


KUULTO: An action research project aiming to increase cultural participation in small, distant localities in Finland, carried out in 2011-2015. Included 22 cases (associations and municipalities) covering a total of 44 municipalities. The research group was based at the University of Jyväskylä. https://www.jyu.fi/ytk/laitokset/yfi/oppiaineet/kup/tutkimus/tutkprojhank/kuulto TAMPERE TOGETHER: An experimental grassroots cultural development ERDF-funded project carried out by the city of Tampere in 2008–2013. Contained 25 mini-projects in different city districts. A preliminary analysis of the project was conducted by CUPORE in 2014. http://www.tampere.fi/english/culturalaffairs/citydistricts/tamperetogether.html

IN A NUTSHELL: - Focus on those KUULTO sub-projects that have outlived the project and contain a promise of diverse spill-over effects in terms of social capital, capabilities and knowledge. - The idea is to learn from successful and long-lasting local-level projects. - The evaluative model will be drafted via a ‘Delphi’ on six KUULTO cases. - The draft model will be piloted and tested by means of cases from the Tampere Together project. - Lastly the evaluation model will be assessed and finalised.

https://www.jyu.fi/ytk/laitokset/yfi/oppiaineet/kup/tutkimus/tutkprojhank/kuulto

http://www.tampere.fi/english/culturalaffairs/citydistricts/tamperetogether.html


• Multiple methods within the overall context of action research:

Delphi-method, context-analysis, interviews, document analysis, observation.

• Basis on the KUULTO project that drew strongly upon action research.

• Additional estimation round on KUULTO cases (reflexive group work, Delphi-discussions). Grass root level activists and main actors.

• Opening up new viewpoints to be used in the evaluation of spillovers and the creation of an evaluation model that grasps especially ‘softer’ effects.

• Evaluation model draft will be tested with Tampere Together introducing also actors and stakeholders from Tampere to the action research framework. 360-degree approach to ensure a range of viewpoints.

• The finalised and tested evaluation method/model will be

grounded on the ideas and principles of action research.


Sari Karttunen, Senior Researcher [email protected] Sakarias Sokka, Senior Researcher [email protected] Anita Kangas, Professor Emerita, Cultural Policy, University of Jyvaskyla. Olli Jakonen, Researcher [email protected] http://www.cupore.fi/index_en.php

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.cupore.fi/index_en.php

Festival Rotterdam Unlimited

(E)valuation: Value-based Approach

Prof. Arjo Klamer, Lyudmila Petrova, Dorottya Kiss

Erasmus University/CREARE Foundation

Project meeting, ” Innovative evaluation methods of CCI spillovers”

Milano, 20 May 2016


Value-based Approach: background

Initiated by a group of cultural economists from Erasmus University, led

by prof. Arjo Klamer. Implemented in international context by CREARE

(Center for REsearch in ARt and Economy).

• Need of a method to qualify:

– the outputs/outcomes and the process of change

– interaction between economic, social and cultural processes

• The role of values and the way they are realised.

– interdependence of various stakeholders

• (E)valuation of the changes.

– Valuation = Valorization + Evaluation


Value-based Approach: logic

Economic

Social

Cultural

Culture creates values

Personal Social

Excellency/

Craftsmanship Creativity

Optimism Flourishing ….

Sharing

Generosity (Something that a

group shares) …..

Societal Transcendental

Education Justice Cohesion

Solidarity Civilization

….

Beauty Love Grace

Redemption Freedom

….


Value-based Approach: stages Stage 1: Diagnosis and articulation of values

– Vision, mission

– Shared values

– Key point of change (expected)

Stage 2: Realization of values

– Main stakeholders

– Main strategies (activities, tools, methods)

Stage 3: Evaluation

– Assessment of the changes in relation

to stages 1 and 2

Valorization

- creation

- enhancement

- affirmation

Evaluation

- assessment

- judgment


(E)valuation: pilot project in Rotterdam (Rotterdam

Unlimited)

Rotterdam Unlimited, 26-30 July 2016.

• Aiming at cultural diversity for an (inter)national intergenerational audience and enhancing social cohesion;

•Performing arts: presenting music, dance, film and poetry in diverse forms, genres, upcoming/well-known

•Audience: annually 700.000-900.000 visitors

•Funding: predominantly public (municipality & cultural foundations) and less sponsors/ donors


Hypotheses

Hypothesis 1 (shifts in social values)

(Knowledge spillovers): The (systematic) engagement with culture-led

creative activities facilitates the generation of new types of social

interactions.

• The project generates shared emotional experience and affects

the openness among different participants in the audience.

Hypothesis 2 (shifts in societal values)

(Networks spillovers): Experiencing and practicing culture-led

experiences translates into new practices of social collaborations and

social cohesion in a community.

• The project generates a sense of belonging/identification.

• It boosts solidarity.

• It encourages integration in the community through social

diversity (including multicultural and intergenerational, and

bringing together all (social) classes).


For further information

Lyudmila Petrova

[email protected]

[email protected]

Dorottya Kiss

[email protected]

Testing innovative methods to evaluate cultural and creative spillovers in Europe

Towards a Holistic Methodology for the

Assessment of Cultural and Creative

Spillovers:

The Case of Lucca Comics & Games

Yeşim Tonga & Rafael Brundo Uriarte Milano, 20 May 2016

Lucca Comics & Games, Italy

Yeşim Tonga

Current Position

• Post Doctoral Research Fellow, LYNX Unit, IMT Lucca

• Project Coordinator, Direct and Indirect Impacts of Lucca Comics & Games

Selected Previous Experience

• Deputy Coordinator, Europa Nostra Office, Istanbul

• Founding Member, Europa Nostra - Turkey

• Consultant, UNESCO World Heritage Centre, France

Education

• PhD in Management and Development of Cultural Heritage, IMT Lucca, Italy

• MA in Arts and Heritage: Policy, Management and Education, Maastricht

University, The Netherlands

• BA in Economics, Bogazici University, Turkey


Rafael Brundo Uriarte Current Position

• Post Doctoral Research Fellow, SysMA Unit, IMT Lucca

Selected Previous Experience

• Consultant, Compositionality, Interaction, Negotiation and Autonomicity CINA

MIUR Project, Italy

• Consultant, Autonomic Service-Components Ensembles ASCENS FP7

Project (#257414), Italy

• Research and Development, Federation of Industries of Santa Catarina

(FIESC), Brazil

Education

• PhD in Computer Science and Engineering, IMT Lucca, Italy

• MA in Computer Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil

• BA in Information Systems, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil


• Festivals - hybrid and cross-sector spaces with intense/interactive

production, consumption and experience of culture with a complex

ecology

• To capture this complexity and diverse spillovers of festivals, we

integrate qualitative and quantitative methods and develop a re-

usable holistic methodological framework

• We combine machine learning, statistics, network analysis and CDA

to investigate knowledge and network spillovers and their causalities

Methodological Approach


• Knowledge 1.4 - Increase in employability and skills development in

society

• Knowledge 1.6 - Testing new forms of organisation and new

management structures

• Network 3.3 - Creating an attractive ecosystem and creative milieu, city

branding and place making

• Network 3.5 - Boosting economic impact or clusters



Lucca Comics & Games

• Dates back to 1966

• Organized at the end of October for four days

• Around 500.000 attendees in total

• Among the biggest cultural and commercial events dedicated to fantasy

culture in the world

• Represents one of the biggest and drastically growing cultural creative

industry

• Alternative cultural production/consumption patterns and related lifestyle

narratives







Research timeline

December 2016 – publication of a report commenting on and delivering recommendations on the efficacy of methodological approaches used in different settings to measure spillover effects and on future methodological approaches to investigating spillover effects.

2017/2018 - begin long term research project building on findings and methodological approach of 2016 case studies that will inform resource allocation on national, local, regional and international levels.

Policy recommendations

“Without a new holistic research agenda, cultural and creative policies will not be able to innovate, unleash and capture the wider value of the arts, culture and the creative industries to the wider economy and society. We recommend that governments and policymakers at all levels realise that they are key change-makers for the creation and evidencing of cultural and creative spillovers”.

Dedicate 5% of all Creative Europe- and Horizon 2020-funded projects should support holistic evaluation.

Create a new programme for the progression and inclusion of of qualitative methods and indicators, led by the Joint Research Centre of the European Union.

Coordinate national research agendas by an Open Method of Coordination (OMC) group.

Policy recommendations

Policy level advocacy

Recognition by key EU institutions: influencing EU policy agenda during the Latvian

Presidency 2015 presentation at the European Parliament (27 Jan

2016) to Cultural and Creative Industries Intergroup – requested: €4m investment into our third research phase (2017/2018)

DG Education and Culture & presentation at European Culture Forum (April 2016)

DG Research and Innovation (April 2016)

Widening the partnership

Partnership status Who?

(organisations or affiliates of the following organisations)

Funding partner Creative Scotland joins Arts Council England, CREARE, Creative Scotland, european centre for creative economy, European Cultural Foundation, University of Warwick, Arts Council of Ireland, Creative England , European Creative Business Network

Research partners (individuals or affiliates of the following organisations)

3Walks, Arts Council Malta, Bcre8ive, ENCATC, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Fondazione Fitzcarraldo, Observatory for Cultural Economics, University of National and World Economy Bulgaria, Tom Fleming Creative Consultancy, University of Antwerp, University of Ljubljana, University of the Arts Utrecht

Observing partner Arts Council Norway, Georgian Arts and Culture Center (GACC), Technology Agency of the Czech Republic

14 countries… …and growing!

Find out more

www.ccspillovers.wikispaces.com

Questions and feedback

[email protected] #ccspillovers http://ccspillovers.wikispaces.com/

Documents

Cultural and creative spillovers in Europe€¦ · finding explanation for spillovers causality need investigation based on talks with people involved. • (B2) To understand cultural