CSS/Hort431 Plant Genetics Recitation

Mendelian inheritance

Heart disease, high cholesterol, obesity

• Eating barley can help!• A principal active ingredient is Beta glucan, a

complex carbohydrate found in soluble fiber• Barley can be higher in Beta glucan than any

other grain

High beta glucan varieties would be good but….

• Breeding for beta glucan per se is made complicated by quantitative inheritance

• The recessive (waxy starch) allele at the GBSS locus has a pleiotropic effect - it increases beta glucan

• GBSS is cloned and therefore the DNA sequence differences between waxy (wx) and non-waxy (Wx) be used as a basis for marker assisted selection

What is the candidate gene for waxy?

What cause the mutation?

Result of the mutation

Glucose

Amylose Amylopectin

Starch

GBSSI

90% amylopectinvs. 75% wild type

en ScoScoring alleles at the Waxy locus

non-waxywaxy

SNP data

Hull-less (naked) varieties could make grain

processing easier……..• Breeding for naked seed is not

difficult - if you are willing to wait for plants to mature

• Nud_ genotypes are hulled; nudnud are hull-less

• The Nud gene has not been cloned - yet!

Hulled and hulless (naked)

Wx and Nud are on the same chromosome

• But they are far enough apart to show independent assortment (no linkage)

Oregon Wolfe Barley Map187 classical loci

BCD14340DsT-667Act8A12RbgMD17MWG837B22scind00046ABC165C25

Bmac039928GBM100730BCD09836GBM104249Bmag021159BG36994064ABC16079

JS10C109

MWG706A119KFP170126

MWG2028150ABC261151KFP257B152WMC1E8160MWG912162ABG387Ascssr04163166

1H

ABG0580scind026221ABG00813scssr1022641scssr0775945GBM106647Pox50scssr0338162Hot168Ebmac0684scssr0223669

scssr0033472ABG35675GBM102377scsnp0334390vrs196Bmag0125102DsT-41105MWG503110GBM1062111KFP203112MWG882A115ABG072133Ebmc0415150cnx1152Zeo1161GBM1019173Aglu5Aglu4176

MWG720179GBM1012185MWG949Ascssr08447193

2H

GBM10740MWG798B6Dst-279BCD70612

alm37Bmac020941ABC32545DsT-6748scssr2569163ABG37765Bmag022573

ABG49998

scsnp00940123

ABG004147

scind02281160MWG883165

HVM62183ABC805191

ABC172202

3H

MWG6340MWG07720HVM4023CDO54229scsnp0164830CDO12231hvknox335ABC303scssr2056941

CDO79544DST-46scind03751scind04312a

50

Tef2scind0172852

GBM102060Bmag035361scind1045568scssr1407980ABG47281GBM105984KFP22193Ebmac070195MWG652B96GBM1048102Hsh113HVM67114KFP241.1117ABG601127

4H

scssr023060MWG6187ABC48312ABG61013

ABG39541scssr0250348NRG045A61scsnp0426062Ale63

ABC30291scind1699194scssr1533496scsnp06144100srh111

RSB001A135scsnp001771420SU-STS1148ABG003B153

Tef3184MWG877188

ABG496203E10757Ascsnp02109224

ABG391228JS10B229ABC622236DsT-33239MWG602A253scssr03906255

5H

Bmac03160

MWG602B36JS10A48GBM102155GBM106867BG29929770HVM3173rob75scssr02093Bmag000976

ABG47487ABG38897scsnp21226103MWG820107

GBM1008134scind04312b142GBM1022145Bmac0040153DsT-32B157DsT-28170DsT-74171MWG798AMWG514173

6H

ABG7040

GBSS-I16AW98258024CDO475MWG08931

ABG38033

scsnp0046072ABC25573ABC165D74scssr1586487GBM103091MWG808DAK64294

scsnp00703103MWG2031104nud108lks2124ABC1024128Bmag0120136DsT-30137WG380B138ABC310B149Ris44151ABC253169ABG461A179WG380ADsT-69184GBM1065191KFP255215ThA1218

7H

• Hooded varieties are better for forage than awned varieties.

• Short awns might be preferable to long awns….

LKs2_ = long awnLks2lks2 = short awn

LKs2 interacts with Kap (epistasis) so that the long awn phenotype is not visible when the dominant allele is present at the Kap locus. Kap_ confers the hooded phenotype; kapkap = short-awned.

KKLL = hooded – no awns KKll = short awns – no hoods kkLL = long-awned – no hoodskkll = short awns – no hoods

Therefore, every hooded DH line must be LL

Nud and LKs2 are on the same chromosome

• They are close enough to show linkage

Oregon Wolfe Barley Map187 classical loci

BCD14340DsT-667Act8A12RbgMD17MWG837B22scind00046ABC165C25

Bmac039928GBM100730BCD09836GBM104249Bmag021159BG36994064ABC16079

JS10C109

MWG706A119KFP170126

MWG2028150ABC261151KFP257B152WMC1E8160MWG912162ABG387Ascssr04163166

1H

ABG0580scind026221ABG00813scssr1022641scssr0775945GBM106647Pox50scssr0338162Hot168Ebmac0684scssr0223669

scssr0033472ABG35675GBM102377scsnp0334390vrs196Bmag0125102DsT-41105MWG503110GBM1062111KFP203112MWG882A115ABG072133Ebmc0415150cnx1152Zeo1161GBM1019173Aglu5Aglu4176

MWG720179GBM1012185MWG949Ascssr08447193

2H

GBM10740MWG798B6Dst-279BCD70612

alm37Bmac020941ABC32545DsT-6748scssr2569163ABG37765Bmag022573

ABG49998

scsnp00940123

ABG004147

scind02281160MWG883165

HVM62183ABC805191

ABC172202

3H

MWG6340MWG07720HVM4023CDO54229scsnp0164830CDO12231hvknox335ABC303scssr2056941

CDO79544DST-46scind03751scind04312a

50

Tef2scind0172852

GBM102060Bmag035361scind1045568scssr1407980ABG47281GBM105984KFP22193Ebmac070195MWG652B96GBM1048102Hsh113HVM67114KFP241.1117ABG601127

4H

scssr023060MWG6187ABC48312ABG61013

ABG39541scssr0250348NRG045A61scsnp0426062Ale63

ABC30291scind1699194scssr1533496scsnp06144100srh111

RSB001A135scsnp001771420SU-STS1148ABG003B153

Tef3184MWG877188

ABG496203E10757Ascsnp02109224

ABG391228JS10B229ABC622236DsT-33239MWG602A253scssr03906255

5H

Bmac03160

MWG602B36JS10A48GBM102155GBM106867BG29929770HVM3173rob75scssr02093Bmag000976

ABG47487ABG38897scsnp21226103MWG820107

GBM1008134scind04312b142GBM1022145Bmac0040153DsT-32B157DsT-28170DsT-74171MWG798AMWG514173

6H

ABG7040

GBSS-I16AW98258024CDO475MWG08931

ABG38033

scsnp0046072ABC25573ABC165D74scssr1586487GBM103091MWG808DAK64294

scsnp00703103MWG2031104nud108lks2124ABC1024128Bmag0120136DsT-30137WG380B138ABC310B149Ris44151ABC253169ABG461A179WG380ADsT-69184GBM1065191KFP255215ThA1218

7H

Wx vs. wx and Nud vs. nud data are from a

doubled haploid population

The expected segregation ratio is……..

If it were a backcross?An F2?

Lets get some practical experience

in segregation analysis !!!!

Phenotype

#Observed

#Expected

O - E (O - E)2/E

         

         

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