c++slides Basics And advance

7/27/2019 c++slides Basics And advance

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OBJECT-ORIENTED

PROGRAMMING (OOP) WITH

C++

Instructor: Dr. Hany H. Ammar

Dept. of Electrical and Computer

Engineering, WVU


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Introduction To OOP

OOP is an approach for writing software in which data and behaviorare

packaged together as classes whose instancesare objects

A class is a named software representation for an abstraction, where

An abstractionis a named collection of attributes and behavior relevant to

modeling a given entity for some particular purpose,

An objectis a distinct instance of a given class that is structurally identical to

all other instances of that class.

Software code in OOP is written to define classes, instantiate objects, and

manipulate these objects.


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Abstraction


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Mapping Abstractions


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Class Structure


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Object Structure


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Summary of the Course

This is a project-based, lab-oriented course aimed at learning the fundamentals

of Object-Oriented Program development in C++. Topics include

1. Object-Oriented programming concepts

2. The C++ Program Structure

3. The C++ Data Types

4. Functions, Scope, and the Free Store

5. The C++ class

6. Operator Overloading

7. Class Derivation and inheritance

8. Multiple inheritance, and polymorphism

9. Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

10 OOP testing techniques


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Basic Concepts of OOP

1. Simulating the behaviorof objects ( e.g...., an array of data structures can be

sorted or indexed, a stack can be used for pushing or popping data). OOP

concepts are based on the concepts of Computer Simulation.

2.Abstract Data Types (ADTs) consists of {data structures + operations orfunctions}, (e.g....., a Matrix can be defined as an ADT consisting of a 2-

dimensional array + the operations of inverse, transpose, and other operations

and methods which can be applied to objects of type Matrix).

3. Hiding implementation details using encapsulation, where each class of objects

consists ofaprivate section, aprotectedsection, and apublic section. Data

structures and functions in a private class section can only be accessed locally

within the class. The protectedclass section can also be accessed by derived

classes.


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4. Reusing code through inheritance.A hierarchy of classes allow derived classes

to inherit code (i.e.., data structures and functions) defined inparent classes.

For example,

Singular Nonsingular

Square

Matrix


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5.Function and Operator Overloading. A class may contain several functions

with the same function name but with different arguments, or operators such as

+ , -, *, and / are used to define operations on different objects, e.g.... matrix

multiply can be defined as A * B, where A and B are objects of type Matrix.

6.Polymorphism where objects of distinct classes can be manipulated using only

knowledge of their common properties without regard for their exact class.


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* The dynamic binding mechanism determines the type of the object and maps the

invocation to the correct method in class X, if the object is of class X, or to the

correct method in class Y, if the object is of class Y (e.g., the function F() could be a

print() function, and the algorithm is unaware of the exact type of object to be printed, it

invokes the function using a base class of classes X and Y).


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7. The use oftemplates to design generic classes of objects


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8. The use offriend functions andfriend classes to access all the functions and

data types of other classes (violates the concept of information hiding; adds

needed flexibility and should only be used when necessary).

9. Design using Class Libraries andDesign Patterns

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c++slides Basics And advance