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CSIBridge 2014 Overview: Modeling, analysis and design of bridge structures have been integrated into CSiBridge to create the ultimate in computerized engineering tools tailored to meet the needs of the engineering professional. The ease with which all of these tasks can be accomplished makes CSiBridge the most versatile and productive software program available on the market today. Using CSiBridge, engineers can easily define complex bridge geometries, boundary conditions and load cases. The bridge models are defined parametrically, using terms that are familiar to bridge engineers such as layout lines, spans, bearings, abutments, bents, hinges and post-tensioning. The software creates spine, shell or solid object models that update automatically as the bridge definition parameters are changed. CSiBridge design allows for quick and easy design and retrofitting of steel and concrete bridges. The parametric modeler allows the user to build simple or complex bridge models and to make changes efficiently while maintaining total control over the design process. Lanes and vehicles can be defined quickly and include width effects. Simple and practical Gantt charts are available to simulate modeling of construction sequences and scheduling. CSiBridge includes an easy to follow wizard that outlines the steps necessary to create a bridge model. Completely integrated within the CSiBridge design package is the power of the SAPFire analysis engine, including staged construction, creep and shrinkage analysis, cable tensioning to target forces, camber and shape finding, geometric nonlinearity (P-delta and large displacements), material nonlinearity (superstructure, bearings, substructure and soil supports), buckling and static and dynamic analysis. All of these apply to a single comprehensive model. In addition, AASHTO LRFD design is included with automated load combinations, superstructure design and the latest seismic design.

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CSIBridge Graphical User Interface All operations are integrated across a single user interface that provides an easy-to-use and intuitive workflow environment Modeling Analysis Design Output Optimization Scheduling Load Rating Reporting

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CSIBridge Modeling

Templates Selection of templates for quickly starting a new bridge model or structure Default definitions of all properties, components, loading definitions, design settings, and other defined items After a model has been generated using a template, the model can be modified in CSiBridge

Bridge Wizard A powerful tool that guides users along the model creation path Step-by-step creation of complete bridge model Detailed guidance for each step Tree view of bridge model updated with each change Automatically update model by changing parameters

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Parametric Deck Sections Vary geometric parameters to easily modify deck and girder arrangements Concrete box girders Full parametric definition of cross sections Concrete tee beam sections Precast I and U girder sections Steel girders with composite deck Variable section definition parameters

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Layout Lines Flexible and powerful control over bridge geometry Quick definition of highway layout Bearings and stations notation Horizontal and vertical curves Spiral transitions

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Lanes Rapidly specify lanes and the associated vehicles Lanes based on layout lines or frames Width effects for lanes and vehicles

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Bridge Object Model A comprehensive assemblage of all components that make up the bridge model Switch between spine, shell, and solid models with single click Parametric modeling of steel and concrete deck sections Concrete and steel diaphragms Restrainers and bearings Linear/nonlinear foundation springs Non-prismatic superstructure variation Skewed abutments, bents, and hinges Single-bearing & double-bearing bents Prestress tendon layout Superelevations Curved beams and girders Diaphragms and staggered cross-frames Width effects for lanes and vehicles

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Diaphragms Multiple diaphragm options to choose Solid diaphragm for concrete bridges Top and bottom chord with diagonal bracing for steel bridges

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Parametric Variations Specify a variation for all or parts of the bridge alignment and slope Used for both horizontal and vertical variations of deck section.

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Section Properties Easy to define standard concrete shapes and rebar layouts

Easy to define standard steel shapes; I/Wide Flange, Channel; Double Channels, Tee, Angle; Double Angle, Pipe, Tube, Steel Joist, Built up steel sections

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Section Designer Allows for quick creation of arbitrary section shapes Arbitrary steel, concrete, or composite sections Caltrans sections Calculation of section properties Automated fiber layout for fiber hinges PMM interaction surfaces Moment-curvature relationship

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Abutments End skews can be definded End diaphragm property, if any Substructure assignment for the abutment, which can be none, an abutment property, or a bent property Vertical elevation and horizontal location of the substructure The bearing property, elevation and rotation angle

Bents Superstructure assignments, including diaphragm property Bent property and bent orientation Vertical elevation and horizontal location of the bent The bearing property, elevation and rotation angle

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Post Tensioning Refined options for laying out tendons and forces Quick tendon layout Tendons in frames, shells, and solids External tendons Secondary force calculation Creep, shrinkage, relaxation, anchorage slip and elastic shortening losses Explicit time-dependent effects in tendons Automatic location of tendons in girders

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Foundation Modeling Advanced modeling capabilities allow foundations to be included with the superstructure Pile or spread footings P-Y multi-linear force deformation assignments Compression only soil springs Grade beams as line springs Soil springs properties may be linear on nonlinear

Abutment Supported on Piles with P-Y Spring Supports

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Auto Update of Bridge Structural Model Update linked model command creates the CSiBridge object-based model from the parametric bridge definition Spine models, area object models and solid object models can be created when the model is updated Auto Update Linked Bridge Objects command on the Bridge menu is a toggle that allows the bridge model to be automatically updated by the program every time a change is made.

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CSiBridge Loading

Vehicles Auto transfer of vehicle loads to bridge structure Extensive vehicle library including AASHTO and other codes Fully customizable vehicles

Vehicle Classes Vehicle classes are sets of one or more vehicles that can be assigned to act on lanes in a moving-load case Only one vehicle in a class acts on the lane at a time. Results are reported for the vehicle causing the most severe response.

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Load Patterns Unlimited number of load cases and combinations Automated design combinations based on selected design code Strength and service combinations User-defined load combinations Linear add, envelope, absolute add, SRSS, and range combinations

Load Combinations Automatic permutation of Wind directions and eccentricities CSiBridge will automatically generate wind loads based on various domestic and international codes including but not limited to: UBC 94; 97, BOCA 96, ASCE 7-95; -02; -05, NBCC 2005, Mexican, Chinese 2002, IS875 1987, User defined, Open Structure Wind Loading

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Parametric Loading Superstructure loads may be defined and assigned to a bridge object model parametrically Bridge Object loads may be assigned for any defined load pattern type and may include loads due to wearing surfaces, parapets, forms, diaphragms, girders, decks and more Once the parametric bridge object loads have been defined they may be easily displayed and modified Parametrically defined load assignments are preserved even when changes are made to the bridge object discretizations, deck types or alignments.

Wind Loading Automatic permutation of wind directions and eccentricities CSIBridge will automatically generate wind loads based on various domestic and international codes including, but not limited to: UBC 94; 97, BOCA 96, ASCE 7-95; -02; -05, NBCC 2005, Mexican, Chinese 2002, IS875 1987, User defined, Open structure Wind Loading

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Bridge Analysis Options

Support for an exceptionally wide range of moving, static and dynamic load and analysis types. Moving loads with 3-D influence surfaces AASHTO, Chinese, or user-defined nonlinear temperature gradients Multi-step static and dynamic moving load analysis Response spectrum and time-history analysis Geometric and material nonlinearity Pushover analysis Buckling analysis Multi-support base excitation Parametric loading of superstructure Live load distribution by code or analysis True dynamic effects of moving live loads High frequency blast dynamics using Wilson FNA

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Time History Analysis Modal frequency analysis using Ritz or Eigen vectors Linear Time History Analysis Nonlinear Time History Analysis with the Wilson FNA Method

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Response Spectrum Analysis Response-spectrum analysis is a statistical type of analysis for the determination of the likely response of a structure to seismic loading Response-spectrum analysis seeks the likely maximum response to these equations rather than the full time history The earthquake ground acceleration in each direction is given as a digitized response-spectrum curve of pseudo-spectral acceleration response versus period of the structure.

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Nonlinear Staged Construction Provides users with intuitive control over time effects Segmental, composite, and other bridge types Gantt chart construction scheduler Creep, shrinkage, and strength change Camber calculation and shape finding Automatic cable tensioning Add/remove elements and loads, change section properties, change supports, modify frame end releases

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Steady State Analysis Steady-state analysis is available to determine the response of the structure due to cyclic (harmonic, sinusoidal) loading over a range of frequencies Multiple loads may be applied at different phase angles The structure may be damped or undamped Frequency-dependent stiffness and damping (complex impedance) properties may be included for modeling foundations and far-field effects, including radiation damping The response may be viewed at any phase angle The effects of multiple machines operating at different frequencies can be considered by combining the results of several analyses in the same model.

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Pushover Analysis Force-Deformation relations for steel and concrete hinges Modal, muiform, or user defined lateral load patterns Capacity spectrum conversions Effective damping calculation Demand spectrum comparisons Performance point calculation Summary reports including plastic hinge deformations

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Shape Finding Allows modification of the undeformed geometry of the structure to achieve a desired deformed shape Original undeformed geometry of the structure (geometry when the structure was first defined) is assumed to be the target for the deformed geometry of the structure under a user-specified load case Option to revise original joint coordinates by subtracting displacements obtained from a specific case

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CSIBridge Design

Superstructure Design Composite Steel Girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007 and 2008 interims) Precast I and U Girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007, CSA-S6-06) Concrete Box Girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007, CSA-S6-06) Principal stress checks Automatic load combinations Design checks include: Stress checks, Shear checks, Flexure checks, Principal stress checks Optimization of steel girder design

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Cable Stayed Bridges

Offers modeling tools for the rapid determination of cable shapes.

Automatic cable shape finder P-Delta plus large displacement geometric nonlinearity Cable target force determination Full 3D gravity, wind and seismic analysis capabilities Multiple point excitation for time-history analysis Large deformation catenary cable analysis Automatic jacking and cable-tensioning control Shape-finding for camber calculation

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Automated Seismic Design CSiBridge allows engineers to define specific seismic design parameters to be applied to the bridge model during an automated cycle of analysis through design Completely integrated automated seismic design according to the new AASHTO seismic design specification Pushover analysis for seismic category D Full report with the push of a button

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Load Rating Load Rating

Advanced technology automatically determines complex bridge rating factors Concrete box girder bridges (AASHTO LRFR 2005) Precast I and U girder bridges (AASHTO LRFR 2005) Composite Steel Girder (AASHTO LRFR 2005)

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Output & Display

Deformed Geometry 3D perspective graphical displays Static deformed and mode shapes animation of deformed shapes Users can display deformed geometry based on any load, or combination of loads.

Bridge Animations Animate vehicles and other results to help understand bridge behavior Create real time movie files showing time-history and moving vehicle responses Include multiple vehicles Displays may include displacements and stresses

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Report Generator Pre-formatted printed reports are now available at the push of a button. These reports include

all pertinent model data and the results of analysis and design.

Data is presented in tabulated format, along with graphics, table of contents, and a cover sheet displaying project information and your company name and logo.

Reports can be created in RTF file format for Microsoft Word or in HTML format for web presentations.

Use the built-in template, or create your own template as a company standard or specialized for a particular project.

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Moment, Shear and Axial Force Diagrams Force diagrams and stress contours Vertical loads, shears and overturning moments Selective results displayed on-screen with right-button click Tabular display of model input and output

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Bridge Response The moving load case results saved parameters allow explicit specification of the analysis results

for a moving load load case.

Bridge Responses command can be used to select the response quantities to be saved

Influence Surfaces

Effective visualization options for interpreting bridge response.

3D Influence surface plots for joints, frames shells and links

Influence line or surface plots for joint displacement or reactions

Plots as contours Plots along lane center or lane widths

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Import and Export Formats LandXML Export model to MS Access database Cut & paste portions of model to Excel spreadsheet for editing Import/Export model in CIS/2 STEP file format PERFORM-3D Import/Export data using IFC standards Import files in the following program formats:

o DXF/DWG

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CSiBridge V16.0.0 Enhancements

Significant enhancements included in CSiBridge 2014 v16.0.0, besides bug fixes:

The memory capacity of the graphical user interface has been increased to handle larger models.

A new link property has been added to model triple pendulum isolators (bearings). A new frame section property type has been added to model hybrid built-up steel U-girders. Tendons can now be used to model straight external tendons. New built-in materials have been added for ASTM A709 (steel) and ASTM A772 (tendon). The precast I-girder deck section now permits the use of nonprismatic girders and staggered

diaphragms.

A new bridge section type has been added to represent composite steel U-girder superstructure sections.

Superstructure design has been added for the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, 6th Edition, 2012.

Steel superstructure design has been added for Eurocode EN 1994-2. Steel superstructure design has been added for the Canadian CAN/CSA- S6-06 code. Concrete superstructure design has been added for the India Roads Congress IRC:112-2011

code.

U-section steel-girder composite bridge superstructure design has been added for AASHTO LRFD 2007 and 2012.

Automated bridge seismic design is now available for steel columns. Automated bridge seismic design is now available for bridges crossing fault-rupture zones

according to Caltrans Memo to Designers 20-8.

Automated bridge seismic design has been updated to AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design, 2nd Edition, 2011.

Bridge load rating has been added for AASHTO The Manual for Bridge Evaluation, 2nd Edition, 2011.

Load combinations have been added for bridge design according to the Indian IRC:6-2010 code. Response spectrum functions have been added for the AASHTO 2012 code. Automated lateral loading has been added for the IBC 2012 code. Automated lateral loading has been added for the Italian NTC 2008 code. Automated lateral loading has been added for Turkish TSC 2007 and TS 498-97 codes. Steel frame design has been added for AISC 360-10 and AISC 341-10 codes. Concrete frame design has been added for the ACI 318-11 code.

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CSIBridge Levels & Features

Parametric Bridge Modeling Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Bridge template modeling for:

Straight or curved bridges

Steel Girder Bridges

Concrete box girder bridges

Cable stayed bridges Layout line definitions: Using bearings and stations

Using landXML data files Deck section templates: Steel girder

Concrete box girder

Precast I and U girders

T girders

Super-elevations and skews

Spans

Abutments

Bents

Hinges

Bearings

Nonlinear bearings

Cross sectional variations along length

Lane definitions Post-tensioning: Quick and easy tendon layout

Additional Drafting and Modeling Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

3D line and area objects

3D solid objects

Database of all standard hot rolled steel, aluminum, & cold formed sections

Section designer for specialized sections

Interactive database spreadsheet editing

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Analytical Modeling Features Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Meshing tools

Automatic mesh generator

Automatic edge constraint technology for mismatched meshes

2D and 3D frame element Tendon element Cable element Catenary cable behavior Shell element Coupled spring element

Plane-stress, plane-strain and solid of revolution (Asolid) elements Linear link element with stiffness and damping Automated panel zone element Nonlinear link elements: gaps, hooks

Nonlinear link elements: plasticity, dampers, isolators Frame tension/compression-only behavior Nonlinear frame hinge element Nonlinear layered shell element

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Loading Features Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Parametric loading capabilities tied to bridge geometry

Moving loads on lanes independent of shells and solid elements

AASHTO and international vehicle load definitions General vehicle and train load definitions Point, line, trapezoidal, and area loads Tributary area load distribution to frames Automatic code-based wind loading Pattern loading Open structure wind loading Automatic code-based seismic loading Applied displacement loading Gravity, pressure and thermal loading Strain loads, deformation loads, target force Prestress loads

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Analysis Features Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Fast advanced solver technology with SAPFireTM analysis engine Multiple 64-bit solvers for analysis optimization

Generalized joint constraints including: diaphragms, plates, rods & beams

Eigen analysis with auto-shifting for ill-conditioned problems

Ritz analysis for fast predominant mode evaluation with missing mass

Multiple response spectrum cases in single run

Modal combination by the CQC, SRSS, GMC or double sum methods

Direction combinations by the ABS, SRSS, or CQC3 methods Linear dynamic modal time history analysis Frequency domain analysis Power spectral density analysis Linear buckling analysis Nonlinear buckling analysis Nonlinear analysis Tension/Compression-only frame elements P-delta analysis - both small and large P-delta Static pushover analysis Wilson FNA (Fast Nonlinear Analysis) method Direct integration time history

Line and surface multi-linear springs (P-y curves) Material nonlinearity - frame hinges and links Geometric nonlinearity - large displacement Creep and shrinkage Staged construction Gantt chart scheduler Target final geometry iterations

Static & dynamic load combos - linear, envelope, absolute, SRSS, range

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Design Features Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Bridge superstructure design:

Composite steel girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007 with 2008 interims)

Precast I and U girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007, CSA-S6-06)

Concrete box girder (AASHTO LRFD 2007, CSA-S6-06) Automated seismic design:

Category A, B, C Category D

Bridge Rating Capabilities Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Concrete box girder bridges (AASHTO LRFR 2005)

Precast I and U girder bridges (AASHTO LRFR 2005)

Steel I-Section with Concrete Slab (AASHTO MBE 2008/2010)

Output and Display Features Plus Plus w/ Rating Advanced

Advanced w/ Rating

Deformed and undeformed geometry in 3D Loading diagrams Moment, shear and axial force diagrams Stress contours for area and solid objects Resultant forces displayed along section cuts Detailed results with right button click Virtual work plots Time history displays of function vs. time 3D Influence surfaces Force vs. deformation plots

Response spectrum curves from time history response

Video of animations and time varying results displays Capture of graphics to .emf, .jpg, .bmp, .tif Customized report generation

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CSiBridge System Requirements

Processor:

Minimum: Intel Pentium 4 or AMD Athlon 64 Recommended: Intel Core 2 Duo, AMD Athlon 64 X2, or better A CPU that has SSE2 support is required The SAPFire Analytical Engine includes a multi-threaded solver that can take advantage of

multi-core CPUs

Operating System:

Microsoft Windows XP with Service Pack 2 or later, Microsoft Windows Vista, or Microsoft Windows 7, 32- and 64-bit versions

With a 64 bit operating system, the SAPFire Analytical Engine can utilize more than 4 GB of RAM, making it possible to more efficiently solve larger problems

Memory:

Minimum: 2 GB for XP O/S, 4 GB for Vista/Windows 7 O/S Recommended: 4 GB for 32-bit O/S, 8 GB or more for 64-bit O/S The problem size that can be solved & the solution speed increases considerably with more RAM Vista/Windows 7 requires more RAM than XP for the operating system itself

Disk Space:

6 GB to install the program. Recommended: 500GB or larger Hard Disk Drive (7200 rpm SATA) Additional space required for running and storing model files and analysis results, dependent

upon the size of the models

Video Card:

Minimum: Supporting 1024 by 768 resolution and 16 bits colors for standard (GDI+) graphics mode

Recommended: Discrete video card with NVIDIA GPU or equivalent and dedicated graphics RAM (512 Mb or larger) for DirectX graphics mode. The card must be DirectX 9.0c compatible (DirectX SDK Aug 2009 - Build 9.27.1734.0).

DirectX graphics mode fully utilizes the hardware acceleration provided by a GPU and dedicated graphics RAM.

For better graphics quality in terms of anti-aliasing and line thickness, the device raster drawing capabilities should support legacy depth bias.

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