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CSC-150
Busbar Protection IED
Technical Application Manual
CSC-150 Busbar Protection IED
Technical Application Manual
Compiled: Jin Rui
Checked: Hou Changsong
Standardized: Li Lianchang
Inspected: Cui Chenfan
Version: V1.01
Doc.Code:0SF.450.087(E)
Issued Date:2012.8.31
Version:V1.01
Doc. Code: 0SF.450.087(E)
Issued Date:2012.8
Copyright owner: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd
Note: the company keeps the right to perfect the instruction. If equipment does not agree with
the instruction at anywhere, please contact our company in time. We will provide you with
corresponding service.
® is registered trademark of Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.
We reserve all rights to this document, even in the event that a patent is issued and a different commercial proprietary right is registered. Improper use, in particular reproduction and dissemination to third parties, is not permitted.
This document has been carefully checked. If the user nevertheless detects any errors, he is asked to notify us as soon as possible.
The data contained in this manual is intended solely for the IED description and is not to be deemed to be a statement of guaranteed properties. In the interests of our customers, we constantly seek to ensure that our products are developed to the latest technological standards as a result it is possible that there may be some differences between the hardware/software product and this information product.
Manufacturer: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.
Tel: +86 10 62962554, +86 10 62961515 ext. 8998 Fax: +86 10 82783625 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.sf-auto.com
Add: No.9, Shangdi 4th Street, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.C.100085
Preface
Purpose of this manual
This manual describes the functions, operation, installation, and placing into service of IED CSC-150. In particular, one will find:
Information on how to configure the IED scope and a description of the IED functions and setting options;
Instructions for mounting and commissioning;
Compilation of the technical specifications;
A compilation of the most significant data for experienced users in the Appendix.
Target audience
This manual mainly face to installation engineer, commissioning engineer and
operation engineer with perfessional electric and electrical knowledge, rich
experience in protection function, using protection IED, test IED, responsible
for the installation, commissioning, maintenance and taking the protection
IED in and out of normal service.
Applicability of this manual
This manual is valid for CSC-150 multifunction protection IED.
Technical support
In case of further questions concerning the CSC family, please contact
SiFang compay or your local SiFang representative.
Safety information
Strictly follow the company and international safety regulations.
Working in a high voltage environment requires serious approch to
aviod human injuries and damage to equipment
Do not touch any circuitry during operation. Potentially lethal
voltages and currents are present
Avoid to touching the circuitry when covers are removed. The IED
contains electirc circuits which can be damaged if exposed to static
electricity. Lethal high voltage circuits are also exposed when covers
are removed
Using the isolated test pins when measuring signals in open circuitry.
Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present
Never connect or disconnect wire and/or linker to or from IED during
normal operation. Dangerous voltages and currents are present.
Operation may be interrupted and IED and measuring circuitry may
be damaged
Always connect the IED to protective earth regardless of the
operating conditions. Operating the IED without proper earthing may
damage both IED and measuring circuitry and may cause injuries in
case of an accident.
Do not disconnect the secondary connection of current transformer
without short-circuiting the transformer’s secondary winding.
Operating a current transformer with the secondary winding open will
cause a high voltage that may damage the transformer and may
cause injuries to humans.
Do not remove the screw from a powered IED or from an IED
connected to power circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents
are present
Using the certified conductive bags to transport PCBs (modules).
Handling modules with a conductive wrist strap connected to
protective earth and on an antistatic surface. Electrostatic discharge
may cause damage to the module due to electronic circuits are
sensitive to this phenomenon
Do not connect live wires to the IED, internal circuitry may be
damaged
When replacing modules using a conductive wrist strap connected to
protective earth. Electrostatic discharge may damage the modules
and IED circuitry
When installing and commissioning, take care to avoid electrical
shock if accessing wiring and connection IEDs
Changing the setting value group will inevitably change the IEDs
operation. Be careful and check regulations before making the
change
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1
1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 2
2 Features ............................................................................................................................................ 3
3 Functions .......................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Protection functions ........................................................................................................ 5
3.2 Monitoring functions ........................................................................................................ 5
3.3 Station communication ................................................................................................... 5
3.4 IED software tools ........................................................................................................... 6
Chapter 2 General IED application ................................................................................................. 7
1 Display on LCD screen ................................................................................................................... 8
1.1 LCD screen display function .......................................................................................... 8
1.2 Analog display function................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Report display function ................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Menu dispaly function ..................................................................................................... 8
2 Report record ................................................................................................................................... 9
3 Disturbance recorder .................................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Setting ............................................................................................................................. 10
4 Self-supervision function .............................................................................................................. 11
4.1 Self supervision principle ............................................................................................. 11
4.2 Self supervision report .................................................................................................. 11
5 Time synchroniation function ....................................................................................................... 12
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 Synchronization principle ............................................................................................. 12
5.2.1 Synchronization from IRIG ........................................................................................... 13
5.2.2 Synchronization via PPS or PPM ............................................................................... 13
5.2.3 Synchronization via SNTP ........................................................................................... 13
6 Setting ............................................................................................................................................. 14
6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 14
6.2 Operation principle ........................................................................................................ 14
7 Authorization .................................................................................................................................. 15
7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 15
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection ....................................................................................... 17
1 Busbar differential protection ....................................................................................................... 18
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 18
1.2 Protection principle ........................................................................................................ 18
1.2.1 Operation principle ................................................................................................ 18
1.2.2 Automatic ratio compensation ............................................................................. 20
1.2.3 Disconnector replica ............................................................................................. 20
1.2.4 Circuit breaker status ............................................................................................ 21
1.2.5 Current transformer open circuit supervision .................................................... 21
1.2.6 Differential current saturation supervision .......................................................... 21
1.2.7 Sequence trip ......................................................................................................... 22
1.2.8 Logic diagram ......................................................................................................... 22
1.3 Input and output signals ................................................................................................ 23
1.4 Setting parameters ........................................................................................................ 23
1.4.1 Setting list ............................................................................................................... 23
1.5 Reports ............................................................................................................................ 24
1.6 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 24
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection ................................................................................. 27
1 Circuit breaker failure protection ................................................................................................. 28
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 28
1.2 Protection principle ........................................................................................................ 28
1.2.1 General description of CBF protection ............................................................... 28
1.2.2 The current criterion evaluation ........................................................................... 29
1.2.3 Logic diagram ......................................................................................................... 30
1.3 Input and output signals ................................................................................................ 30
1.4 Setting parameters ........................................................................................................ 31
1.4.1 Setting list ............................................................................................................... 31
1.5 IED reports ...................................................................................................................... 39
1.6 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 40
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection .................................................................................................... 41
1 Dead zone protection .................................................................................................................... 42
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 42
1.2 Protection principle ........................................................................................................ 42
1.2.1 Function description .............................................................................................. 42
1.2.2 Logic diagram ......................................................................................................... 44
1.3 Input and output signals ................................................................................................ 44
1.4 Setting parameter .......................................................................................................... 45
1.4.1 Setting list ............................................................................................................... 45
1.5 IED reports ...................................................................................................................... 47
1.6 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 47
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision .................................................................................... 49
1 Current circuit supervision ............................................................................................................ 50
1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 50
1.2 Function principle ........................................................................................................... 50
1.2.1 Current circuit supervision for feeder .................................................................. 50
1.2.2 Current circuit supervision for busbar coupler ................................................... 50
1.2.3 Logic diagram ......................................................................................................... 50
1.3 Input and output signals ................................................................................................ 51
1.4 Setting parameter .......................................................................................................... 52
1.4.1 Setting list ............................................................................................................... 52
1.5 IED reports ...................................................................................................................... 53
2 Fuse failure supervision VT.......................................................................................................... 54
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 54
2.2 Function principle .......................................................................................................... 54
2.2.1 Three phases (symmetrical) VT Fail ................................................................... 54
2.2.2 Single/two phases (asymmetrical) VT Fail ........................................................ 54
2.2.3 Logic diagram ........................................................................................................ 54
2.3 Input and output signals ............................................................................................... 55
2.4 Setting parameter .......................................................................................................... 56
2.4.1 Setting list ............................................................................................................... 56
2.5 IED reports ..................................................................................................................... 56
2.6 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 56
3 Auxiliary contacts of circuit breaker and disconnector supervision ....................................... 57
Chapter 7 Monitoring function ........................................................................................................ 59
1 Self-supervision ............................................................................................................................. 60
Chapter 8 Station communication ................................................................................................. 61
1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 62
1.1 Protocol ........................................................................................................................... 62
1.1.1 IEC61850-8 communication protocol ................................................................. 62
1.1.2 IEC60870-5-103 communication protocol ......................................................... 62
1.2 Communication port ...................................................................................................... 63
1.2.1 Front communication port .................................................................................... 63
1.2.2 RS485 communication ports................................................................................ 63
1.2.3 Ethernet communication ports ............................................................................. 63
1.3 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 63
1.4 Typical substation communication scheme ............................................................... 65
1.5 Typical time synchronizing scheme ............................................................................ 65
Chapter 9 Hardware ........................................................................................................................ 67
1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 68
1.1 IED structure .................................................................................................................. 68
1.2 IED module arrangement ............................................................................................. 68
2 Local human-machine interface .................................................................................................. 70
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 70
2.2 Liquid crystal display (LCD) ......................................................................................... 71
2.3 LED .................................................................................................................................. 71
2.4 Keyboard ........................................................................................................................ 71
2.5 IED menu ........................................................................................................................ 72
2.5.1 Menu construction ................................................................................................. 72
2.5.2 Operation status .................................................................................................... 74
2.5.3 Settings ................................................................................................................... 75
2.5.4 Query report ........................................................................................................... 75
2.5.5 Setup ....................................................................................................................... 75
2.5.6 Test BO ................................................................................................................... 76
2.5.7 Set Time .................................................................................................................. 76
2.5.8 Testing ..................................................................................................................... 76
2.5.9 Contrast .................................................................................................................. 77
3 Analog input module ..................................................................................................................... 78
3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 78
3.2 Terminals of analog input module ............................................................................... 78
3.3 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 80
4 Communication module ................................................................................................................ 82
4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 82
4.2 Terminals of communication module .......................................................................... 82
4.3 Substaion communication port .................................................................................... 83
4.3.1 RS232 communication ports ................................................................................ 83
4.3.2 RS485 communication ports ................................................................................ 83
4.3.3 Ethernet communication ports ............................................................................. 83
4.3.4 Time synchronization port .................................................................................... 84
4.4 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 84
5 Binary input module ....................................................................................................................... 86
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 86
5.2 Terminals of binary input module ................................................................................ 86
5.3 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 89
6 Binary output module .................................................................................................................... 91
6.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 91
6.2 Terminals of binary output module .............................................................................. 91
6.3 Technical data ................................................................................................................ 97
7 Power supply module .................................................................................................................... 98
7.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 98
7.2 Terminals of power supply module ............................................................................. 98
7.3 Technical data .............................................................................................................. 100
8 Technical data .............................................................................................................................. 101
8.1 Type tests ..................................................................................................................... 101
8.2 IED design .................................................................................................................... 105
8.3 CE certificate ................................................................................................................ 105
Chapter 10 Appendix ....................................................................................................................... 107
1 General setting list ....................................................................................................................... 108
1.1 IED parameter .............................................................................................................. 108
1.2 Function setting list ...................................................................................................... 109
1.3 Binary setting list .......................................................................................................... 113
2 General report list ........................................................................................................................ 118
3 Typical connection ....................................................................................................................... 121
4 CT Requirement ......................................................................................................................... 132
4.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 132
4.2 Current transformer classification ........................................................................ 132
4.3 Abbreviations (according to IEC 60044-1, -6, as defined) ............................... 133
4.4 General current transformer requirements ........................................................ 134
4.4.1 Protective checking current ........................................................................... 134
4.4.2 CT class ............................................................................................................... 135
4.4.3 Accuracy class ................................................................................................... 137
4.4.4 Ratio of CT .......................................................................................................... 137
4.4.5 Rated secondary current ................................................................................. 137
4.4.6 Secondary burden ............................................................................................. 137
4.5 Rated equivalent secondary e.m.f requirements .............................................. 138
4.5.1 Busbar differential protection ........................................................................ 138
Chapter 1 Introduction
1
Chapter 1 Introduction
About this chapter
This chapter gives an overview of SIFANG Busbar Protection
IED.
Chapter 1 Introduction
2
1 Overview
The CSC-150 is selective, reliable and high speed busbar protection IED
(Intelligent Electronic Device), with powerful capabilities to cover following
applications:
For various busbar arrangements, including those listed below:
Single Busbar
Two Single Busbars connected with bus coupler
Two Separate Busbars in 1
CB arrangement
Double Busbar
Main and Transfer Busbar
Double Main and one Transfer Busbar
Main and Main/Transfer Busbar
For solidly earthed, low impedance earthed or isolated power system
Used in a wide range of voltage levels, up to 750kV
Communication with station automation system
The IED provides reliable busbar differential protection with integrated check
zone, short saturation-free time and fast tripping time as well as circuit
breaker failure protection and dead zone protection.
Chapter 1 Introduction
3
2 Features
Protection and monitoring IED with extensive functional library, user
configuration possibility and expandable hardware design to meet with
user’s special requirements
Inter-lock between two CPU modules, avoiding maloperation due to
internal severe fault of one module
Busbar differential protection (87BB)
Low-impedance centralized differential protection
Selective zone tripping
Extreme stability against exteral fault, short CT saturation-free time
Phase-segraegated measuring system
Integrated check zone
Bus couplers/disconnetor is definable in busbar scheme
A complete protection functions library, include:
Busbar differential protection (87BB)
Circuit breaker failure protection (50BF)
Dead zone protection (50SH-Z)
Voltage transformer secondary circuit supervision (97FF)
Current transformer secondary circuit supervision
Self-supervision to all modules in the IED
Complete IED information recording: tripping reports, alarm reports,
startup reports and general operation reports. Any kinds of reports can be
stored up to 2000 and be memorized in case of power disconnection
Up to three electric /optical Ethernet ports can be selected to
communicate with substation automation system by IEC61850 or
IEC60870-5-103 protocols
Up to two electric RS-485 ports can be selected to communicate with
substation automation system by IEC60870-5-103 protocol
Time synchronization via network(SNTP), pulse and IRIG-B mode
Configurable LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) and output relays satisfied
users’ requirement
Versatile human-machine interface
Chapter 1 Introduction
4
Multifunctional software tool CSmart for setting, monitoring, fault
recording analysis, configuration, etc.
Chapter 1 Introduction
5
3 Functions
3.1 Protection functions
Description ANSI Code
IEC 61850
Logical
Node Name
IEC 60617
graphical
symbol
Differential protection
Busbar differential protection 87BB PDIF
Breaker control function
Breaker failure protection 50BF RBRF
3I> BF
I0>BF
I2>BF
Dead zone protection 50SH-Z
Secondary system supervision
CT secondary circuit supervision
VT secondary circuit supervision 97FF
Position of circuit breaker,
disconnector and other switching
devices monitoring
3.2 Monitoring functions
Description
Self-supervision
Fault recorder
3.3 Station communication
Description
Front communication port
Isolated RS232 port
Rear communication port
0-2 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports
Chapter 1 Introduction
6
0-3 Ethernet electrical/optical communication ports
Time synchronization port
Communication protocols
IEC 61850 protocol
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
3.4 IED software tools
Functions
Reading measuring value
Reading IED report
Setting
IED testing
Disturbance recording analysis
IED configuration
Printing
Chapter 2 General IED application
7
Chapter 2 General IED application
About this chapter
This chapter describes the use of the included software
functions in the IED. The chapter discusses general application
possibilities.
Chapter 2 General IED application
8
1 Display on LCD screen
1.1 LCD screen display function
The LCD screen displays measured analog quantities, report ouputs and
menu.
1.2 Analog display function
The analog display includes measured Ia, Ib, Ic, 3I0, Ua, Ub, Uc.
1.3 Report display function
The report display includes tripping, alarm and operation reports.
1.4 Menu dispaly function
The menu dispaly includes main menu and debugging menu, see chapter
Chapter 9 for detail.
Chapter 2 General IED application
9
2 Report record
The report record includes tripping, alarm and operation reports. See Chapter
10 general report list for detail.
Chapter 2 General IED application
10
3 Disturbance recorder
3.1 Introduction
To get fast, complete and reliable information about fault current, voltage,
binary signal and other disturbances in the power system is very important.
This is accomplished by the disturbance recorder function and facilitates a
better understanding of the behavior of the power system and related primary
and secondary equipment during and after a disturbance. An analysis of the
recorded data provides valuable information that can be used to explain a
disturbance, basis for change of IED setting plan, improvement of existing
equipment etc.
The disturbance recorder, always included in the IED, acquires sampled data
from measured analogue quantities, calculated analogue quantity, binary
input and output signals.
The function is characterized by great flexibility and is not dependent on the
operation of protection functions. It can even record disturbances not tripped
by protection functions.
The disturbance recorder information is saved for each of the recorded
disturbances in the IED and the user may use the local human machine
interface or dedicated tool to get some general information about the
recordings. The disturbance recording information is included in the
disturbance recorder files. The information is also available on a station bus
according to IEC 61850 and IEC 60870-5-103.
Fault wave recorder with great capacity, can record full process of any fault,
and can save the corresponding records. Optional data format or wave format
is provided, and can be exported through serial port or Ethernet port by
COMTRADE format.
3.2 Setting
Abbr. Explanation Default Unit Min. Max.
T_Pre Fault Time setting for recording time
before fault occurred 0.05 s 0.05 0.1
T_Post Fault Time setting for recording time
after fault occurred 0.3 s 0.50 0.45
DR_Sample Rate Sample rate for fault recording
(0: 600Hz, 1: 1200Hz) 0 0 1
Chapter 2 General IED application
11
4 Self-supervision function
The IED may test all hardware components itself, including loop out of the
relay coil. Watch can find whether or not the IED is in fault through warning
LED and warning characters which show in liquid crystal display and display
reports to tell fault type.
The method of fault elimination is replacing fault board or eliminating external
fault.
4.1 Self supervision principle
Measuring the resistance between analog circuits and ground
Measuring the output voltage in every class
Checking the zero drift and scale
Verifying alarm circuit
Verifying binary input
Checking actual live tripping including circuit breaker
Checking the setting values and parameters
4.2 Self supervision report
Table 1 Self supervision report
Abbr.(LCD Display) Description
CPU Abnormality CPU is abnormal
EquipPara Discord Equipment parameter discordance of two CPUs
SetGroup Discord Setting group discordance of two CPUs
Setting Discord Setting discordance of two CPUs
Comm Recovery Communication recovery
Call Config Fail Call configuration failure
PLC Verify Fail PLC verifying failure
Chapter 2 General IED application
12
5 Time synchroniation function
5.1 Introduction
Use the time synchronization source selector to select a common source of
absolute time for the IED when it is a part of a protection system. This makes
comparison of events and disturbance data between all IEDs in a SA system
possible.
5.2 Synchronization principle
Time definitions
The error of a clock is the difference between the actual time of the clock, and
the time the clock is intended to have. The rate accuracy of a clock is
normally called the clock accuracy and means how much the error increases,
i.e. how much the clock gains or loses time. A disciplined clock is a clock that
“knows” its own faults and tries to compensate for them, i.e. a trained clock.
Synchronization principle
From a general point of view synchronization can be seen as a hierarchical
structure. A module is synchronized from a higher level and provides
synchronization to lower levels.
A module is said to be synchronized when it periodically receives
synchronization messages from a higher level. As the level decreases, the
accuracy of the synchronization decreases as well. A module can have
Chapter 2 General IED application
13
several potential sources of synchronization, with different maximum errors,
which gives the module the possibility to choose the source with the best
quality, and to adjust its internal clock from this source. The maximum error of
a clock can be defined as a function of:
The maximum error of the last used synchronization message
The time since the last used synchronization message
The rate accuracy of the internal clock in the module.
5.2.1 Synchronization from IRIG
The built in GPS clock module receives and decodes time information from
the global positioning system. The module is located on the CPU Module. The
GPS interfaces to the IED supply two possible synchronization methods,
IRIGB and PPS (or PPM).
5.2.2 Synchronization via PPS or PPM
The IED accepts PPS or PPM to the GPS interfaces on the CPU Module.
These pulses can be generated from e.g. station master clock. If the station
master clock is not synchronized from a world wide source, time will be a
relative time valid for the substation. Both positive and negative edges on the
signal can be accepted. This signal is also considered as a fine signal.
5.2.3 Synchronization via SNTP
SNTP provides a “Ping-Pong” method of synchronization. A message is sent
from an IED to an SNTP-server, and the SNTP-server returns the message
after filling in a reception time and a transmission time. SNTP operates via the
normal Ethernet network that connects IEDs together in an IEC61850
network. For SNTP to operate properly, there must be a SNTP-server present,
preferably in the same station. The SNTP synchronization provides an
accuracy that will give 1ms accuracy for binary inputs. The IED itself can be
set as a SNTP-time server.
Chapter 2 General IED application
14
6 Setting
6.1 Introduction
Settings are divided into separate lists according to different functions. The
setting consists of two parts -setting list and communication parameters.
6.2 Operation principle
The setting procedure can be ended at any time by the key “SET” or “QUIT”.
If the key “SET” is pressed, the display shows the content of “Select”. The
range of setting zone is from 1 to 4. After confirming with the setting zone-key
“SET”, those new settings will be valid. If key “QUIT” is pressed instead, all
modifications which have been changed will be ignored.
Chapter 2 General IED application
15
7 Authorization
7.1 Introduction
To safeguard the interests of our customers, both the IED and the tools that
are accessing the IED are protected, subject of authorization handling. The
concept of authorization, as it is implemented in the IED and the associated
tools is based on the following facts:
There are two types of points of access to the IED:
local, through the local HMI
remote, through the communication ports
There are different levels (or types) of guest, super user and protection
engineer that can access or operate different areas of the IED and tools
functionality.
Chapter 2 General IED application
16
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
17
Chapter 3 Busbar differential
protection
About this chapter
This chapter describes the protection principle, input and output
signals, parameter, logic diagram, IED report and technical data
used for busbar differential protection.
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
18
1 Busbar differential protection
1.1 Introduction
Busbar differential protection represents the main protection function of the
IED. It is characterized by a high measurement accuracy as well as flexible
matching to most of busbar configurations. The operation is based on the
percentage restraint principle with an extreme stability feature against heavy
CT saturation caused by external fault.
1.2 Protection principle
1.2.1 Operation principle
Figure 1 illustrates the characteristic of busbar differential protection function.
iDiff
iRes
I_Diff
K=1
K=K_Diff
Operating zone
Figure 1 Characteristic of busbar differential protection
where:
iDiff: Busbar differential current
iRes: Busbar restraint current
I_Diff: The sensitive threshold of pickup current of busbar differential protection
K_Diff: the settable slope of the characteristic
If a short circuit occurs on the busbars whereby the same phase relation
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
19
applies to all infeeding currents, then the fault characteristic is a straight line
inclined at 45°. Any difference in phase relation of the fault currents leads to a
lowering of the fault characteristic. The settable slope, K_Diff is represented
as a straight line with corresponding gradient and forms the operating
characteristic.
The differential current iDiff and the restraining current iRes are calculated in the
IED according to following formula. The following definitions are applied for
each phase.
where:
n1, n2,… nn: CT transformation ratios of various feeders connected to the busbar. The IED is informed about these values by user-defined settings
The IED evaluates the differential current and the restraining current at
consecutive sampling intervals. For a continual N samples evaluating window,
the busbar protection would issue a trip command if there are more than (N-2)
samples fulfilling following condition in the program observation window:
The above mentioned calculation is performed in relevant bus zones as well
as in check zone, respectively. The trip command can be issued only when
both the faulty bus zone and the check zone are in operating area.
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
20
Bus
coupler
Feeder 1
S1 S2 S1 S2
Feeder 2
S1 S2
Feeder n
S1 S2
Bus
zone I
S1
Bus
zone II
S2
Check
zone
CB1 CB2CBn
CB1
CB2
CBn
CB1
CB2
CBn
CBn
CB1
CB2
Figure 2 Measurement method for the check zone, bus zone I and bus zone II
on double busbar arrangement
1.2.2 Automatic ratio compensation
CT ratios of the system may be different in various feeders, because the load
conditions may be different in the feeders. The IED adjusts CT ratio of all
feeders automatically, making the secondary currents fulfilling Krichhoff’s
current law (KCL). In order to insure the accuracy, the difference of CT ratios
among various feeders should not be more than 4 times.
1.2.3 Disconnector replica
The IED confirms the disconnector status by monitoring the disconnector
status contacts. For each disconnector, both the normally open status contact
(NO) and normally close status contact (NC) are required. Based on the
status of these two contacts, the IED can discriminate error of the contacts
and then alarm or/and block the relevant bus zone of differential protection
depending on the setting. If blocking of the protection is selected, the IED
would issue an alarm signal and would block the protection. If no blocking is
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
21
selected, only alarm signal would be issued and the protection would
continue to its operation according to the previous healthy state of the
disconnector before the contacts error.
1.2.4 Circuit breaker status
The feeder or coupler circuit breaker status contacts together with
disconnector status contacts are used to determine the actual bus connection
state for differential current calculation and indication of busbar connection
Both normally open status contact and normally close status contact of circuit
breakers of all feeders including bus coupler are connected to the IED. Based
on the status of these two contacts, the IED can discriminate error of the
contacts and then alarm until the error is cleared, and the protection would
continue its operation according the previous healthy state of the breaker
before the contacts error.
1.2.5 Current transformer open circuit supervision
When an open circuit occurs in secondary circuit of current transformers,
differential current appears in bus-section selective zones. Furthermore, if the
faulty current transformer corresponds to a feeder, differential current would
further appear in check zone and bus zone to which the feeder is connected.
The IED detects such a condition and issues respective alarm report.
Moreover, it is possible to block busbar differential protection when a CT open
circuit is detected.
1.2.6 Differential current saturation supervision
When an external fault occurs near the busbar, it may lead to current
transformer saturation on the faulty feeder. The resulting differential current
may cause the protection to maloperate if no measure is taken to detect
saturation condition. To cope with the problem, the IED provides a sensitive
element to detect current transformer saturation according to the waveform
characteristics of differential and restraining current.
Before the fault occurrence, current flowing through current transformers are
almost in rated value and therefore secondary current can be transformed
accurately. When the short circuit happens, still current transformer can
transform current value without saturation for short period after short circuit.
In other words, current transformers will not go into saturation immediately
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
22
after sever short circuit occurrence. At these instants, the differential current
is zero. The IED adopts this characteristic to detect current transformer
saturation. The free time for CT saturation detection is only 2 ms.
1.2.7 Sequence trip
In case of bus coupler with only one CT, when a fault occurs between the CT
and bus coupler circuit breaker while the circuit breaker is closed, the IED will
trip the bus section near bus coupler circuit breaker instantaneously, and after
a fixed time delay, if the bus coupler circuit breaker is opened, the IED will trip
the other bus section. The tripping logic is illustrated in Figure 3.
Bus A
IFAULT
Instantaneous trip
Line
A1
Line
B1
Line
BmLine
An
Delay trip
Bus B
Closed CB
Legend:
Figure 3 Trip logic to clear fault between coupler breaker and its CT
1.2.8 Logic diagram
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
23
id > (I_Diff) and id >
K_Diff · if : Busbar I
id > (I_Diff) and id >
K_Diff · if : Check zone
id > (I_Diff) and id >
K_Diff · if : Busbar II
&
&
Trip BusBar 1
Trip BusBar 2
Figure 4 Busbar differential protection logic diagram for double busbar arrangement
1.3 Input and output signals
IP1
IP2
IP3
Trip
CB Open
CB Close
Isolator ON
Isolator Off
Table 2 Analog input list
Signal Description
IP1 Signal for current input 1
IP2 Signal for current input 2
IP3 Signal for current input 3
Table 3 Binary output list
Signal Description
Trip Busbar differential protection issue trip
command
1.4 Setting parameters
1.4.1 Setting list
Table 4 Function setting list for busbar differential protection
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
24
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
1. 1 I_Diff Current setting for busbar
differential protection A 0.1 99.99
2. 0.6 K_Diff Restraint factor for busbar
differential protection 0.3 0.99
3. 0.5 I_CTFailAlm:Feeder Current setting for CT
failure alarm: feeder A 0.01 99.99
4. 0.5 I_CTFailBlk:Feeder Current setting for CT
failure blocking: feeder A 0.01 99.99
5. 0.1 I_CTFailAlm:B/C Current setting for CT
failure alarm: Bus Coupler A 0.01 99.99
6. 0.1 I_CTFailBlk:B/C
Current setting for CT
failure blocking: Bus
Coupler
A 0.01 99.99
Table 5 Binary setting list for busbar differential protection
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Func_Diff ON Busbar differential protection
enabled or disabled 1 0 1
CT Fail Alarm ON CT fail alarm enabled or disabled 1 0 1
CT Fail Block ON CT fail blocking enabled or disabled 0 0 1
1.5 Reports
Table 6 Event information list
Information Description
Diff Startup differential protection startup
BZ1 Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
BZ1 Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
BZ1 Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
BZ2 Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
BZ2 Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
BZ2 Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
BZT Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
BZT Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
BZT Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
1.6 Technical data
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
25
Table 7 Technical data for busbar differential protection
Item Rang or Value Tolerance
Differential Current 0.4 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±5% setting or ±0.02Ir
Stabilization factor 0.3 - 0.99
Differential current reset threshold 0.1 Ir
Operating time < 15ms typically at 200%
settg
Reset time < 50ms
Chapter 3 Busbar differential protection
26
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
27
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure
protection
About this chapter
This chapter presents the protection principle, input and output
signals, parameter, logic diagram, IED report and technical data
included in circuit breaker protection.
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
28
1 Circuit breaker failure protection
1.1 Introduction
The circuit breaker failure protection is able to detect a failure of the circuit
breaker during a fault clearance. It ensures fast back-up tripping of
surrounding breakers by tripping relevant bus sections.
The protection operates separately for each feeder and coupler with
dedicated settings.
Once a circuit breaker operating failure occurs on a feeder/transformer, the
bus section which the feeder/transformer is connected with can be selectively
isolated by the protection. In addition a transfer trip signal is issued to trip the
remote end circuit breaker of the feeder or other transformer windings.
In the event of a circuit breaker failure with a busbar fault, a transfer trip signal
is issued to trip the remote end circuit breaker of the feeder or other
transformer windings.
The current criteria are in combination with three phase current, zero and
negative sequence current to achieve a higher security.
2 trip stages (local and surrounding breaker tripping)
Related bus zone tripping in second stage
Transfer trip command to the remote line end in second stage
Internal/ external initiation
Single/three phase CBF initiation
Current criteria checking (including phase current, zero and negative
sequence current)
1.2 Protection principle
1.2.1 General description of CBF protection
Circuit breaker failure protection can be enabled or disabled for each bay in
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
29
the IED via binary setting. If setting “1” is applied for the corresponding bay,
CBF protection would be enabled. In this case, by operation of a protection
function, and subsequent CBF initiation by respective protection function, a
programmed timer runs toward a preset time delay limit. This time delay is set
by user under the settings, for example, “T_CBF1 Bay1”. If the circuit breaker
has not been opened after expiration of the preset time limit, the circuit
breaker failure protection issues a command to trip circuit breaker (e.g. via a
second trip coil). If the circuit breaker doesn’t respond to the repeated trip
command, until another preset delay time which is set at “T_CBF2 Bay1”, the
protection issues a trip command to isolate the fault by tripping other
surrounding backup circuit breakers (e.g. the other CBs connected to the
same bus section as the faulty CB). This operation logic and setting described
for CBF protection of bay1, is available for the other bays too and the
operation logic and settings are same as bay1.
Initiation of CBF protection can be performed by both the internal and external
protection functions. If it is desired to initiate the CBF protection by means of
external protection functions, specified binary inputs (BI) should be
marshaled. Internal protection functions can initiate the CBF protection
integrated in the IED.
The principle for breaker failure detection based on the current criterion which
is to check whether the actual current flow effectively disappeared after a
tripping command had been issued.
1.2.2 The current criterion evaluation
The current elements of the CBF protection include the phase current
detector, the zero sequence current detector and the negative sequence
current detector. If one of the three current elements is met, the current
element is open.
Since circuit breaker is supposed to be open when current disappears from
the circuit, the first criterion (current monitoring) is the most reliable way for
IED to be informed about proper operation of circuit breaker. Therefore,
current monitoring is applied to detect circuit breaker failure condition. In this
context, the monitored current of each phase is compared with the
pre-defined setting. Furthermore, it is possible to implement current checking
in case of zero-sequence ( ) and negative-sequence currents
(3I2=IA+a2IB+aIC) via binary setting. If the zero-sequence and
negative-sequence currents checking are enabled, zero sequence and
negative-sequence current are compared separately with the corresponding
settings.
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
30
1.2.3 Logic diagram
PhA Ini BF Bay n
PhB Ini BF Bay n
PhC Ini BF Bay n
3Ph Ini BF Bay n
Bay n CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
IA: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
IB: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
IC: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
3I0: Bay n > 3I0_CBF:Bay n
3I2: Bay n > 3I2_CBF:Bay n
Bay n Func_CBF On
Bay n CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Diff Prot Trip: BZ1
Bay n Connected to BUS1
Diff Prot Trip: BZ2
Bay n Connected to BUS2
Bay n Init from Ext CBF
IA: Bay n > 0.1In
3I0: Bay n > 0.1In
3I2: Bay n > 0.1In
IB: Bay n > 0.1In
IC: Bay n > 0.1In
T_CBF1:Bay n Trip PhA: Bay n
T_CBF2:Bay n
Trip BUS to which
Bay n connected
Trans Trip: Bay n
T_CBF1:Bay n Trip PhB: Bay n
T_CBF1:Bay n Trip PhC: Bay n
T_CBF1:Bay n Trip 3Ph: Bay n
Block AR: Bays on Bus
T_CBF2:Bay n
Trip BUS to which
Bay n connected
Trans Trip: Bay n
Block AR: Bays on Bus
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
AND
AND
AND
AND
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
AND
AND
AND
AND
Figure 5 Logic diagram for CBF protection
1.3 Input and output signals
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
31
IP1
IP2
IP3
CBF1 Trip
CBF2 Trip
PhA init BF
PhB init BF
PhC init BF
3Ph init BF
Table 8 Analog input list
Signal Description
IP1 Signal for current input 1
IP2 Signal for current input 2
IP3 Signal for current input 3
Table 9 Binary input list
Signal Description
PhA init BF Phase A initiate CBF protection
PhB init BF Phase B initiate CBF protection
PhC init BF Phase C initiate CBF protection
3Ph init BF Three hase initiate CBF protection
Table 10 Binary output list
Signal Description
CBF1 Trip Circuit breaker failure protection stage 1 trip
CBF2 Trip Circuit breaker failure protection stage 2 trip
1.4 Setting parameters
1.4.1 Setting list
Table 11 Function setting list for circuit breaker failure protection
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
1. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay1 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 1 A 0.05 100.0
2. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay1 Zero sequence current
setting for CBF A 0.05 100.0
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
32
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
protection of bay 1
3. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay1
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 1
A 0.05 100.0
4. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay1 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 1 s 0 32.00
5. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay1 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 1 s 0 32.00
6. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay2 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 2 A 0.05 100.0
7. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay2
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 2
A 0.05 100.0
8. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay2
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 2
A 0.05 100.0
9. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay2 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 2 s 0 32.00
10. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay2 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 2 s 0 32.00
11. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay3 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 3 A 0.05 100.0
12. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay3
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 3
A 0.05 100.0
13. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay3
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 3
A 0.05 100.0
14. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay3 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 3 s 0 32.00
15. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay3 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 3 s 0 32.00
16. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay4 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 4 A 0.05 100.0
17. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay4
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 4
A 0.05 100.0
18. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay4
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 4
A 0.05 100.0
19. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay4 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 4 s 0 32.00
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
33
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
20. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay4 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 4 s 0 32.00
21. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay5 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 5 A 0.05 100.0
22. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay5
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 5
A 0.05 100.0
23. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay5
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 5
A 0.05 100.0
24. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay5 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 5 s 0 32.00
25. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay5 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 5 s 0 32.00
26. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay6 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 6 A 0.05 100.0
27. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay6
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 6
A 0.05 100.0
28. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay6
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 6
A 0.05 100.0
29. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay6 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 6 s 0 32.00
30. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay6 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 6 s 0 32.00
31. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay7 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 7 A 0.05 100.0
32. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay7
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 7
A 0.05 100.0
33. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay7
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 7
A 0.05 100.0
34. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay7 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 7 s 0 32.00
35. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay7 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 7 s 0 32.00
36. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay8 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 8 A 0.05 100.0
37. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay8
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 8
A 0.05 100.0
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
34
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
38. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay8
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 8
A 0.05 100.0
39. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay8 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 8 s 0 32.00
40. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay8 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 8 s 0 32.00
41. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay9 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay 9 A 0.05 100.0
42. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay9
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 9
A 0.05 100.0
43. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay9
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 9
A 0.05 100.0
44. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay9 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 9 s 0 32.00
45. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay9 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 9 s 0 32.00
46. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay10
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
10
A 0.05 100.0
47. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay10
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 10
A 0.05 100.0
48. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay10
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 10
A 0.05 100.0
49. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay10 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 10 s 0 32.00
50. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay10 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 10 s 0 32.00
51. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay11
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
11
A 0.05 100.0
52. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay11
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 11
A 0.05 100.0
53. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay11
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 11
A 0.05 100.0
54. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay11 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 11 s 0 32.00
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
35
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
55. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay11 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 11 s 0 32.00
56. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay12
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
12
A 0.05 100.0
57. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay12
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 12
A 0.05 100.0
58. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay12
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 12
A 0.05 100.0
59. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay12 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 12 s 0 32.00
60. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay12 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 12 s 0 32.00
61. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay13
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
13
A 0.05 100.0
62. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay13
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 13
A 0.05 100.0
63. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay13
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 13
A 0.05 100.0
64. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay13 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 13 s 0 32.00
65. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay13 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 13 s 0 32.00
66. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay14
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
14
A 0.05 100.0
67. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay14
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 14
A 0.05 100.0
68. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay14
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 14
A 0.05 100.0
69. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay14 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 14 s 0 32.00
70. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay14 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 14 s 0 32.00
71. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay15 Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay A 0.05 100.0
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
36
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
15
72. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay15
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 15
A 0.05 100.0
73. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay15
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 15
A 0.05 100.0
74. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay15 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 15 s 0 32.00
75. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay15 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 15 s 0 32.00
76. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay16
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
16
A 0.05 100.0
77. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay16
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 16
A 0.05 100.0
78. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay16
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 16
A 0.05 100.0
79. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay16 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 16 s 0 32.00
80. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay16 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 16 s 0 32.00
81. 1.00 I_CBF:Bay17
Phase current setting for
CBF protection of bay
17
A 0.05 100.0
82. 1.00 3I0_CBF:Bay17
Zero sequence current
setting for CBF
protection of bay 17
A 0.05 100.0
83. 1.00 3I2_CBF:Bay17
Negative sequence
current setting for CBF
protection of bay 17
A 0.05 100.0
84. 2.00 T_CBF1:Bay17 Time delay for CBF
stage 1 of bay 17 s 0 32.00
85. 2.00 T_CBF2:Bay17 Time delay for CBF
stage 2 of bay 17 s 0 32.00
Table 12 Binary setting list for circuit breaker failure protection
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay1 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 1 0 0 1
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
37
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay1 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 1
0 0 1
Bay1 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 1 0 0 1
Bay2 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 2 0 0 1
Bay2 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 2
0 0 1
Bay2 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 2 0 0 1
Bay3 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 3 0 0 1
Bay3 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 3
0 0 1
Bay3 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 3 0 0 1
Bay4 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 4 0 0 1
Bay4 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 4
0 0 1
Bay4 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 4 0 0 1
Bay5 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 5 0 0 1
Bay5 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 5
0 0 1
Bay5 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 5 0 0 1
Bay6 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 6 0 0 1
Bay6 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 6
0 0 1
Bay6 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 6 0 0 1
Bay7 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 7 0 0 1
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
38
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay7 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 7
0 0 1
Bay7 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 7 0 0 1
Bay8 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 8 0 0 1
Bay8 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 8
0 0 1
Bay8 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 8 0 0 1
Bay9 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 9 0 0 1
Bay9 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 9
0 0 1
Bay9 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 9 0 0 1
Bay10 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 10 0 0 1
Bay10 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 10
0 0 1
Bay10 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 10 0 0 1
Bay11 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 11 0 0 1
Bay11 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 11
0 0 1
Bay11 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 11 0 0 1
Bay12 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 12 0 0 1
Bay12 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 12
0 0 1
Bay12 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 12 0 0 1
Bay13 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 13 0 0 1
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
39
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay13 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 13
0 0 1
Bay13 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 13 0 0 1
Bay14 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 14 0 0 1
Bay14 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 14
0 0 1
Bay14 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 14 0 0 1
Bay15 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 15 0 0 1
Bay15 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 15
0 0 1
Bay15 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 15 0 0 1
Bay16 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 16 0 0 1
Bay16 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 16
0 0 1
Bay16 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 16 0 0 1
Bay17 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or
disable for bay 17 0 0 1
Bay17 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 17
0 0 1
Bay17 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF
function for bay 17 0 0 1
1.5 IED reports
Table 13 Event information list
Information Description
CBF Startup CBF protection startup
CBF1 Trip CBF protection stage 1 trips
BZ1 CBF2 Trip CBF protection stage 2 of bus zone I trips
Chapter 4 Circuit breaker failure protection
40
Information Description
BZ2 CBF2 Trip CBF protection stage 2 of bus zone II trips
BZT CBF2 Trip CBF protection stage 2 of transfer bus zone issues trip command
CBF Transf.Trip The IED issues transfer trip command to the remote end of the feeder
or the other windings of transformer.
1.6 Technical data
Table 14 Technical data for circuit breaker failure protection
Item Rang or Value Tolerance
phase current
Negative sequence current
zero sequence current
0.08 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir
Time delay of stage 1 0.00s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +25 ms, at
200% operating setting Time delay of stage 2 0.00s to 32.00 s, step 0.01s
Reset time of stage 1 < 20ms
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
41
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
About this chapter
This chapter introduces the protection principle, input and output
signals, parameter, logic diagram, IED report and technical data
included in circuit breaker failure protection.
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
42
1 Dead zone protection
1.1 Introduction
The IED provides this protection function to protect the area between circuit
breaker and CT in the case that CB is open, namely dead zone. Therefore, by
occurrence of a fault in dead zone, the short circuit current is measured by
protection IED while CB auxiliary contacts indicate the CB is open.
1.2 Protection principle
1.2.1 Function description
When one bus side CT of feeder is applied, once a fault occurs in the dead
zone, the IED trips the relevant busbar zone. Tripping logic is illustrated in
Figure 6.
Bus
IFAULT
Trip
Line1 Line2 LineN
Opened CB
Closed CB
Legend:
Figure 6 Tripping logic when applying bus side CT
When one line side CT is applied, when a fault occurs in the dead zone,
protection relay sends a transfer trip to remote end relay to isolate the fault.
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
43
Tripping logic is illustrated in Figure 7.
Bus
IFAULT
Relay
Inter trip
Line1 Line2 LineN
Trip
Opened CB
Closed CB
Legend:
Figure 7 Tripping logic when applying line side CT
In case of bus coupler with only one CT, when a fault occurs between the CT
and bus coupler circuit breaker while the circuit breaker is opened, the IED
will trip the bus section near the bus coupler CT instantaneously. Tripping
logic is illustrated in Figure 8.
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
44
Bus A
IFAULT
Instantaneous trip
Line
A1
Line
B1
Line
BmLine
An
Bus B
Opened CB
Closed CB
Legend:
Figure 8 Tripping logic for fault between coupler breaker and its CT
1.2.2 Logic diagram
PhA Ini BF Bay n
PhB Ini BF Bay n
PhC Ini BF Bay n
3Ph Ini BF Bay n
Bay n CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
IA: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
IB: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
IC: Bay n > I_CBF:Bay n
3I0: Bay n > 3I0_CBF:Bay n
3I2: Bay n > 3I2_CBF:Bay n
Bay n Func_Dead Zone On
Bay n CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Diff Prot Trip: BZ1
Bay n Connected to BUS1
Diff Prot Trip: BZ2
Bay n Connected to BUS2
T_DeadZone:Bay n Trans Trip: Bay n
CB of Bay n is open
OR
AND
AND
OR
AND
Figure 9 Logic diagram for dead zone protection
1.3 Input and output signals
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
45
IP1
IP2
IP3
Dead zone Trip
PhA init BF
PhB init BF
PhC init BF
3Ph init BF
Table 15 Analog input list
Signal Description
IP1 Signal for current input 1
IP2 Signal for current input 2
IP3 Signal for current input 3
Table 16 Binary input list
Signal Description
PhA init BF Phase A initiate CBF protection
PhB init BF Phase B initiate CBF protection
PhC init BF Phase C initiate CBF protection
3Ph init BF Three hase initiate CBF protection
Table 17 Binary output list
Signal Description
Dead zone Trip Dead zone protection trip
1.4 Setting parameter
1.4.1 Setting list
Table 18 Function setting list for dead zone protection
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
1. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay1 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 1 s 0 32.00
2. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay2 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 2 s 0 32.00
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
46
3. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay3 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 3 s 0 32.00
4. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay4 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 4 s 0 32.00
5. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay5 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 5 s 0 32.00
6. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay6 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 6 s 0 32.00
7. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay7 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 7 s 0 32.00
8. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay8 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 8 s 0 32.00
9. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay9 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 9 s 0 32.00
10. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay10 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 10 s 0 32.00
11. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay11 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 11 s 0 32.00
12. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay12 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 12 s 0 32.00
13. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay13 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 13 s 0 32.00
14. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay14 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 14 s 0 32.00
15. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay15 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 15 s 0 32.00
16. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay16 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 16 s 0 32.00
17. 0.1 T_DeadZone:Bay17 Time delay of dead zone
protection for bay 17 s 0 32.00
Table 19 Binary setting list for dead zone protection
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay1 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 1 0 0 1
Bay2 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 2 0 0 1
Bay3 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 3 0 0 1
Bay4 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 4 0 0 1
Bay5 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 5 0 0 1
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
47
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bay6 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 6 0 0 1
Bay7 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 7 0 0 1
Bay8 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 8 0 0 1
Bay9 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 9 0 0 1
Bay10 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 10 0 0 1
Bay11 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 11 0 0 1
Bay12 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 12 0 0 1
Bay13 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 13 0 0 1
Bay14 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 14 0 0 1
Bay15 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 15 0 0 1
Bay16 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 16 0 0 1
Bay17 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead
zone protection for bay 17 0 0 1
1.5 IED reports
Table 20 Event information list
Information Description
DeadZone Startup Dead zone protection startup
DeadZone Trip Dead zone protection trips
1.6 Technical data
Table 21 Technical data for dead zone protection
Item Rang or Value Tolerance
Current 0.08 Ir to 20.00 Ir ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir
Time delay 0.00s to 32.00s, step 0.01s ≤ ±1% setting or +40 ms, at
Chapter 5 Dead zone protection
48
200% operating setting
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
49
Chapter 6 Secondary system
supervision
About this chapter
This chapter describes the protection principle, input and output
signals, parameter, IED report and technical data used in
secondary system supervision function.
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
50
1 Current circuit supervision
1.1 Introduction
Open circuited CT cores can cause unwanted operation of differential
protection function.
The interruption on CT secondary circuit can be detected by the IED. The IED
provides following features:
One stage for alarm only
One stage for alarm and block busbar differential protection
Each stage can be selected and set separately
1.2 Function principle
1.2.1 Current circuit supervision for feeder
When an open circuit occurs in the current transformer of one feeder, the
differential currents of the check zone and the bus-section selective zone are
increasing but the restraining currents are decreasing. The IED takes use of
these features to supervise current circuit. The criterion of feeders’ CT open
circuit has two operating mode, the one is only for alarming but doesn’t block
the busbar protection and another is for alarming and blocks the busbar
protection. The two operating mode can be chosen independently.
1.2.2 Current circuit supervision for busbar coupler
When an open circuit occurs in the current transformer of the bus coupler, the
differential current and restraining current of the check zone don’t change, but
the differential currents and restraining currents of one bus-section selective
zones which the bus coupler current transformer is connected may change,
the differential currents are increasing and the restraining currents are
decreasing.
1.2.3 Logic diagram
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
51
id > (I_CTFailAlm:Feeder) Busbar I
id > (I_CTFailAlm:Feeder) Check zone
id > (I_CTFailAlm:Feeder) Busbar II
&
&
Alarm for busbar I
CT Fail Alarm
Func_Diff
10s
Alarm for busbar II10s
id > (I_CTFailBlk:Feeder) Busbar I
id > (I_CTFailBlk:Feeder) Check zone
id > (I_CTFailBlk:Feeder) Busbar II
&
&
Alarm busbar I and block
differential protection of busbar I 10s
10s
CT Fail Block
Alarm busbar II and block
differential protection of busbar II
Figure 10 Logic diagram for current circuit supervision of feeder
id > (I_CTFailAlm:B/C)
Busbar I
id < (I_CTFailAlm:B/C)
Check zone
id >(I_CTFailAlm:B/C)
Busbar II
&
&
Alarm for CT1
Func_Diff
10s
Alarm for CT210s
id > (I_CTFailBlk:B/C)
Busbar I
id < (I_CTFailBlk:B/C)
Check zone
id >(I_CTFailBlk:B/C)
Busbar II
&
&
Alarm CT 1 and block
differential protection of busbar I 10s
10s
CT Fail Alarm
CT Fail Block
Alarm CT 2 and block
differential protection of busbar II
Figure 11 Logic diagram for current circuit supervision of busbar coupler
1.3 Input and output signals
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
52
IP1
IP2
IP3
CT Fail
Table 22 Analog input list
Signal Description
IP1 signal for current input 1
IP2 signal for current input 2
IP3 signal for current input 3
Table 23 Binary output list
Signal Description
CT Fail CT Fail
1.4 Setting parameter
1.4.1 Setting list
Table 24 Function setting list for current circuit supervision protection
NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.
1. 0.5 I_CTFailAlm:Feeder Current setting for CT fail alarm
of feeder A 0.01 99.99
2. 0.5 I_CTFailBlk:Feeder Current setting for CT fail
blocking of feeder A 0.01 99.99
3. 0.1 I_CTFailAlm:B/C Current setting for CT fail alarm
of bus coupler A 0.01 99.99
4. 0.1 I_CTFailBlk:B/C Current setting for CT fail
blocking of bus coupler A 0.01 99.99
Table 25 Binary setting list for current circuit supervision protection
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
CT Fail Alarm ON Enable or disable the function of
CT fail alarm 0 0 1
CT Fail Block ON Enable or disable the function of
CT fail blocking 0 0 1
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
53
1.5 IED reports
Table 26 Alarm information list
Information Description
BZ1 CT Fail: PhA CT failure of phase A of bus zone 1
BZ2 CT Fail: PhA CT failure of phase A of bus zone 2
BZT CT Fail: PhA CT failure of phase A of transfer bus zone
B/C CT Fail: PhA CT failure of phase A of bus coupler
BZ1 CT Fail: PhB CT failure of phase B of busbar 1
BZ2 CT Fail: PhB CT failure of phase B of busbar 2
BZT CT Fail: PhB CT failure of phase B of transfer busbar
B/C CT Fail: PhB CT failure of phase B of bus coupler
BZ1 CT Fail: PhC CT failure of phase C of busbar 1
BZ2 CT Fail: PhC CT failure of phase C of busbar 2
BZT CT Fail: PhC CT failure of phase C of transfer busbar
B/C CT Fail: PhC CT failure of phase C of bus coupler
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
54
2 Fuse failure supervision VT
2.1 Introduction
To monitor the voltage value of the system, the IED can accept the voltage
connected. Accordingly, a measured voltage failure, due to a broken
conductor or a short circuit fault in the secondary circuit of voltage transformer,
can be monitored completely. The features of the function are as follows:
2.2 Function principle
VT failure supervision function can be enabled or disabled through binary
setting “Bus Voltage Connected”. By applying this setting, VT failure
supervision function would monitor the voltage transformer circuit. As
mentioned, the function is able to detect single-phase broken, two-phase
broken or three-phase broken faults in secondary circuit of voltage
transformer.
There are three main criteria for VT failure detection; the first is dedicated to
detect three-phase broken faults. The second and third ones are to detect
single or two-phase broken faults in solid earthed systems.
2.2.1 Three phases (symmetrical) VT Fail
The maximum of three phase-to-earth voltages is less than 8 V, and at the
same time, the busbar should be running. The alarm signal will be issued
after the criterion is met for 10s.
2.2.2 Single/two phases (asymmetrical) VT Fail
The calculated zero sequence voltage 3U0 is more than the 7 V. This
condition may correspond to single or two-phase broken fault in secondary
circuit of the voltage transformer, if the system starpoint is solidly earthed and
no startup element has been detected. The alarm signal will be issued after
the criterion is met for 10s.
2.2.3 Logic diagram
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
55
10S
Max
Alarm for busbar I
{Ua,Ub,Uc}<8V:
busbar I
Busbar running: busbar I
AND
3U0>7V: Busbar I
OR
10S
Max
Alarm for busbar II
{Ua,Ub,Uc}<8V:
busbar II
Busbar running: busbar II
AND
3U0>7V: Busbar II
OR
Figure 12 VT Logic diagram of VT failure supervision
2.3 Input and output signals
IP1
IP2
IP3
UP1
UP2
UP3
VT Fail
Table 27 Analog input list
Signal Description
IP1 signal for current input 1
IP2 signal for current input 2
IP3 signal for current input 3
UP1 signal for voltage input 1
UP2 signal for voltage input 2
UP3 signal for voltage input 3
Table 28 Binary output list
Signal Description
VT Fail VT fail
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
56
2.4 Setting parameter
2.4.1 Setting list
Table 29 Binary setting list for fuse failure supervision protection
Name Description Default Unit Min. Max.
Bus Voltage
Connected
Enable or disable busbar voltage
connection 0 0 1
2.5 IED reports
Table 30 Alarm information list
Information Description
BZ1 VT Fail VT failure in circuit of voltage transformer of bus zone 1
BZ2 VT Fail VT failure in circuit of voltage transformer of bus zone 2
BZT VT Fail VT failure in circuit of voltage transformer of transfer busbar
2.6 Technical data
Table 31 Technical data for VT secondary circuit supervision
Item Range or value Tolerances
Minimum current 0.08Ir to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A ≤ ±3% setting or ±0.02Ir
Minimum zero or negative
sequence current
0.08Ir to 0.20Ir, step 0.01A ≤ ±5% setting or ±0.02Ir
Maximum phase to earth voltage 7.0V to 20.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V
Maximum phase to phase
voltage
10.0V to 30.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V
Normal phase to earth voltage 40.0V to 65.0V, step 0.01V ≤ ±3% setting or ±1 V
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
57
3 Auxiliary contacts of circuit breaker and disconnector supervision
The IED is connected with normally open contacts and normally close
contacts of circuit breakers and disconnectors. It performs monitoring on the
received information to detect any implausible status.
If such a wrong status is detected for a disconnector, the IED will announce it
after a settable time delay and continue to operate according to previous
healthy state of disconnector contacts. If the blocking function is enabled in
binary setting, the relevant bus zone of the busbar differential protection
would be blocked until the wrong status changing to normal. Otherwise, the
relevant bus zone of the busbar differential protection would not be blocked.
If such a wrong status is detected for a circuit breaker, the IED announces it
after a settable time delay and the protection will not be blocked and continue
to operate according to previous healthy state of circuit breaker.
Chapter 6 Secondary system supervision
58
Chapter 7 Monitoring function
59
Chapter 7 Monitoring function
About this chapter
This chapter describes the protection principle, input and
output signals, parameter, IED report and technical data used
in monitoring function.
Chapter 7 Monitoring function
60
1 Self-supervision
All modules can perform self-supervision to its key hardware components
and program as soon as energizing. Parts of the modules are
self-supervised in real time. All internal faults or abnormal conditions will
initiate an alarm. The fatal faults among them will result in the whole IED
blocked
CPU module and communication module perform real time
inter-supervision. Therefore communication interruption between them is
detected and related alarm will be given
CRC checks for the setting, program and configuration, etc.
Chapter 8 Station communication
61
Chapter 8 Station communication
About this chapter
This chapter describes the communication possibilities in a
SA-system.
Chapter 8 Station communication
62
1 Overview
Each IED is provided with a communication interface, enabling it to connect to
one or many substation level systems or equipment.
Following communication protocols are available:
IEC 61850-8-1 communication protocol
60870-5-103 communication protocol
The IED is able to connect to one or more substation level systems or
equipments simultaneously, through the communication ports with
communication protocols supported.
1.1 Protocol
1.1.1 IEC61850-8 communication protocol
IEC 61850-8-1 allows two or more intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) from
one or several vendors to exchange information and to use it in the
performance of their functions and for correct co-operation.
GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event), which is a part of IEC
61850-8-1 standard, allows the IEDs to communicate state and control
information amongst themselves, using a publish-subscribe mechanism. That
is, upon detecting an event, the IED(s) use a multi-cast transmission to notify
those devices that have registered to receive the data. An IED can, by
publishing a GOOSE message, report its status. It can also request a control
action to be directed at any device in the network.
1.1.2 IEC60870-5-103 communication protocol
The IEC 60870-5-103 communication protocol is mainly used when a
protection IED communicates with a third party control or monitoring system.
This system must have software that can interpret the IEC 60870-5-103
communication messages.
The IEC 60870-5-103 is an unbalanced (master-slave) protocol for coded-bit
serial communication exchanging information with a control system. In IEC
terminology a primary station is a master and a secondary station is a slave.
Chapter 8 Station communication
63
The communication is based on a point-to-point principle. The master must
have software that can interpret the IEC 60870-5-103 communication
messages. For detailed information about IEC 60870-5-103, refer to the
“IEC60870 standard” part 5: “Transmission protocols”, and to the section 103:
“Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment”.
1.2 Communication port
1.2.1 Front communication port
There is a serial RS232 port on the front plate of all the IEDs. Through this
port, the IED can be connected to the personal computer for setting, testing,
and configuration using the dedicated Sifang software tool.
1.2.2 RS485 communication ports
Up to 2 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation system. These two ports can work in
parallel for IEC60870-5-103.
1.2.3 Ethernet communication ports
Up to 3 electrical or optical Ethernet communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation system. These two ports can work in
parallel for one protocol, IEC61850 or IEC60870-5-103.
1.3 Technical data
Front communication port
Item Data
Number 1
Connection Isolated, RS232; front panel,
9-pin subminiature connector, for software tools
Communication speed 9600 baud
Max. length of communication cable 15 m
Chapter 8 Station communication
64
RS485 communication port
Item Data
Number 0 to 2
Connection 2-wire connector
Rear port in communication module
Max. length of communication cable 1.0 km
Test voltage 500 V AC against earth
For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed Factory setting 9600 baud,
Min. 1200 baud, Max. 19200 baud
Ethernet communication port
Item Data
Electrical communication port
Number 0 to 3
Connection RJ45 connector
Rear port in communication module
Max. length of communication cable 100m
For IEC 61850 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
Optical communication port ( optional )
Number 0 to 2
Connection SC connector
Rear port in communication module
Optical cable type Multi-mode
Max. length of communication cable 2.0km
IEC 61850 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
Time synchronization
Chapter 8 Station communication
65
Item Data
Mode Pulse mode
IRIG-B signal format IRIG-B000
Connection 2-wire connector
Rear port in communication module
Voltage levels differential input
1.4 Typical substation communication scheme
The IED is able to connect to one or more substation level systems or
equipments simultaneously, through the communication ports with
communication protocols supported.
Gateway
or
converter
Work Station 3
Server or
Work Station 1
Server or
Work Station 2
Work Station 4
Net 2: IEC61850/IEC103,Ethernet Port B
Net 3: IEC103, RS485 Port A
Net 4: IEC103, RS485 Port B
Net 1: IEC61850/IEC103,Ethernet Port A
Gateway
or
converter
SwitchSwitch Switch
Switch
Switch
Switch
Figure 13 Connection example for multi-networks of station automation system
1.5 Typical time synchronizing scheme
All IEDs feature a permanently integrated electrical time synchronization port
(shown in Figure 14). It can be used to feed timing telegrams in IRIG-B or
pulse format into the IEDs via time synchronization receivers. The IED can
adapt the second or minute pulse in the pulse mode automatically.
Meanwhile, SNTP network time synchronization can be applied.
Chapter 8 Station communication
66
SNTP IRIG-B Pulse
Ethernet port IRIG-B port Binary input
Figure 14 Time synchronizing modes
Chapter 9 Hardware
67
Chapter 9 Hardware
About this chapter
This chapter describes the IED hardware.
Chapter 9 Hardware
68
1 Introduction
1.1 IED structure
The enclosure for protection IED is 19 inches in width and 8U in height, for
the auxiliary case is 19 inches in width and 4U in height.
The IED is flush mounting with panel cutout and cabinet.
Connection terminals to other system on the rear.
The front panel of IED is aluminum alloy by founding in integer and
overturn downwards. LCD, LED and setting keys are mounted on the
panel. There is a serial interface on the panel suitable for connecting a
PC.
Draw-out modules for serviceability are fixed by lock component.
The modules can be combined through the bus on the rear board. Both
the IED and the other system can be combined through the rear
interfaces.
1.2 IED module arrangement
Chapter 9 Hardware
69
CAN
Test
port
AIM
AIM
AIM
AIM
AIM
AIM
AIM
BO
M
CP
U2
CP
U1
BO
M
PS
M
BO
M
BO
M
BO
M
BIM
BO
M
PS
M
CO
M
X1X2X3X4X5X6X7X9
X10X11X13X14X15X16X17X18X19
X8
X12
Figure 15 Rear view of the protection 8U IED
BIM
PS
M
BO
M
BO
M
BO
M
BO
M
BIM
X23X27X28X29X30X31X32
CAN
X33
X26 X25
BIM
X21
BIM
X20
BIM
X24
BO
M
BIM
BIM
X22
Figure 16 Rear view of the protection 4U IED
Chapter 9 Hardware
70
2 Local human-machine interface
2.1 Introduction
The human-machine interface is simple and easy to understand – the whole
front plate is divided into zones, each of which has a well-defined
functionality:
1
2
3
45
68 7
Figure 17 The view of IED front plate
1. Liquid crystal display (LCD)
2. LEDs
3. Shortcut function keys
4. Arrow keys
5. Reset key
6. Quit key
Chapter 9 Hardware
71
7. Set key
8. RS232 communication port
2.2 Liquid crystal display (LCD)
The LCD back light of HMI is blue, 5 lines with up to 28 characteristics per line
can be displayed.
When operating keys are pressed or in the case of IED alarming or operating
report appearance, the back light will turn on automatically until the preset
time delay elapse after the latest operation or alarm.
2.3 LED
There are 8 LEDs on the left side of the LCD.
2.4 Keyboard
The keyboard is used to monitor and operate IED. The keyboard has the
same look and feel in CSC family. As shown in Figure 17, keyboard is divided
into Arrow keys, Reset key, Quit key and Set key. The specific instructions on
the keys as the following table described:
Table 32 HMI keys on the front of the IED
Key Function
Up arrow key Move up in menu
Page up between screens
Increase value in setting
Down arrow key Move down in menu
Page down between screens
Decrease value in setting
Left arrow key Move left in menu
Right arrow key Move Right in menu
Reset key Reset the LEDs
Return to normal scrolling display state directly
Set key Enter main menu or submenu
Confirm the setting change
Quit key Back to previous menu
Cancel the current operation and back to previous menu
Chapter 9 Hardware
72
Key Function
Return to scrolling display state
Lock or unlock current display in the scrolling display state (the
lock state is indicated by a "solid diamond" type icon on the botton
right corner of the LCD)
2.5 IED menu
2.5.1 Menu construction
Chapter 9 Hardware
73
OpStatus
Settings
QueryRep
Setup
Testing
AI
BI
Measure
Status
Version
CommPara BaudR485
EventRpt
AdjScale
SimuReSig
SwSetGrp
ViewScale
ViewDrift
SOEReset
AlarmRpt
ModifyPW
MainMenu Protocol
EquipCode
BayName EquipPara
StartRpt Log
SetPrint
AdjDrift
PrtSample
CommAddr
TimeMode
ProSet
ProContwd
103Type
Test BO
Set Time Cur Time Set Time
Contrast
Table 33 Full name for the menu
Sub-menu Full name Sub-sub menu Full name
OpStatus Operation status AI Analog input
Status IED status
Chapter 9 Hardware
74
Sub-menu Full name Sub-sub menu Full name
Version IED version
EquipCode Equipment code
BI Binary input
Measure Measurement values
Settings Settings
CommPara Communication parameter
BayName Bay name
CommAddr Communication address
TimeMode Time mode
BaudR485 Baud rate of 485 port
EquipPara Equipment parameter
ProSet Protection setting
ProContwd Protection binary setting
QueryRep Query report
EventRpt Event report
StartRpt Startup report
AlarmRpt Alarm report
Log Operating log
Setup IED setup
SOEReset SOE reset
Protocol protocol
ModifyPW Modify password
SetPrint Print setup
103Type 103 protocol
Test BO Test binary output
Set Time Set time Cur Time Current time
Set Time Set time
Testing Testing
SimuReSig Simulate remote signal
SwSetGrp Switch setting group
ViewDrift View zero drift
AdjDrift Adjust zero drift
ViewScale View scale
AdjScale Adjust scale
PrtSample Print sample data
Contrast LCD contrast
2.5.2 Operation status
Sub menu Sub-sub menu Explanation
OpStatus
AI Read the secondary analogure of the selected CPU
module
Status Read the IED status
Version Read the IED type, date and CPU version
EquipCode Read the versions, released time and CSC code of all
Chapter 9 Hardware
75
Sub menu Sub-sub menu Explanation
modules
BI Read the current status of binary inputs,
Measure Read the analogure value and calculation value
2.5.3 Settings
Sub menu Sub-sub menu Explanation
Settings
CommPara Communication parameter
BayName Enter into the bay name
CommAddr Enter into the communication address
TimeMode Time mode
BaudR485 Select the baud rate of 485 port
EquipPara Enter into the equipment parameter
ProSet Protection setting
ProContwd Protection binary setting
2.5.4 Query report
Sub
menu
Sub-sub menu Sub-sub-sub
menu
Explanation
QueryRpt
EventRpt
Latest Rpt Search the latest event report, press the
Set key to see the report
Last 6 Rpts Search the latest six event reports, press
the Set key to see the report
Search by Date Search the reports by date
AlarmRpt Last 6 Rpts
Search the latest six alarm reports, press
the Set key to see the report
Search by Date Search the reports by date
StartRpt
Latest Rpt Query the latest event report, press the
Set key to see the report
Last 6 Rpts Query the latest six event reports, press
the Set key to see the report
QueryRpt by Date Query the reports by date
Log Last 6 Rpts
Search the latest six operation reports,
press the Set key to see the report
Search by Date Search the reports by date
2.5.5 Setup
Chapter 9 Hardware
76
Sub
menu
Sub-sub menu Sub-sub-sub
menu
Explanation
Setup
SOE_Reset
Manual Reset
Automatic
Reset
Protocol If communication with automation system
via RS485 port, this item can be ignored
ModifyPW The fatory password: 8888
103Type IEC60870-5-103 code
2.5.6 Test BO
Sub menu Sub-sub menu Explanation
Test BO Test binary output
2.5.7 Set Time
Sub
menu
Sub-sub menu Sub-sub-sub
menu
Explanation
Set time Cur Time
Modify the time with arrow keys Set Time
2.5.8 Testing
Sub
menu
Sub-sub menu Sub-sub-sub
menu
Explanation
Testing
SimuReSig
Simu Alarm
Using“√” or “X” to select the simulation point
Simu Linker
TransRecData
Simu Trip
Simu BI
Simu MST
Alarm
ViewDrift
Enter into the CPU number
ViewScale
PrtSample
SwSetGr
AdjDrift
AdjScale
Chapter 9 Hardware
77
2.5.9 Contrast
Sub
menu
Sub-sub menu Sub-sub-sub
menu
Explanation
Contrast TestEffect Modify the contrast with arrow keys
Chapter 9 Hardware
78
3 Analog input module
3.1 Introduction
The AI module functions are to transform the secondary signals, from voltage
and current transformers in power system, into weak electric signals, and
perform isolation and anti-interference.
3.2 Terminals of analog input module
The Analogue Input Module A
b01 a01
b02 a02
b03 a03
a04b04
a05b05
a06b06
a07b07
a08b08
a09b09
a10b10
a11b11
ab
Figure 18 Terminals arrangement of AIM A
Table 34 Description of terminals of AIM A
Terminal Analogue
Input Remark
a01 I1 Star point
b01 I’1
a02 I2 Star point
b02 I’2
a03 Null
b03 Null
Chapter 9 Hardware
79
a04 Null
b04 Null
a05 U3B Star point
b05 U3C Star point
a06 U3A Star point
b06 U3N
a07 U2B Star point
b07 U2C Star point
a08 U2A Star point
b08 U2N
a09 U1B Star point
b09 U1C Star point
a10 U1A Star point
b10 U1N
a11 Null
b11 Null
The Analogue Input Module H
b01 a01
b02 a02
b03 a03
a04b04
a05b05
a06b06
a07b07
a08b08
b09
b10
b11
ab
a10
a11
a09
Figure 19 Terminals arrangement of AIM H
Table 35 Description of terminals of AIM H
Chapter 9 Hardware
80
Terminal Analogue
Input Remark
a01 I1 Star point
b01 I’1
a02 I2 Star point
b02 I’2
a03 I3 Star point
b03 I’3
a04 I4 Star point
b04 I’4
a05 I5 Star point
b05 I’5
a06 I6 Star point
b06 I’6
a07 I7 Star point
b07 I’7
a08 I8 Star point
b08 I’8
a09 I9 Star point
b09 I’9
a10 I10 Star point
b10 I’10
a11 Null
b11 Null
3.3 Technical data
Internal current transformer
Item Standard Data
Rated current Ir IEC 60255-1 1 or 5 A
Nominal current range 0.05 Ir to 30 Ir
Nominal current range of sensitive
CT
0.005 to 1 A
Power consumption (per phase) ≤ 0.1 VA at Ir = 1 A;
Chapter 9 Hardware
81
≤ 0.5 VA at Ir = 5 A
≤ 0.5 VA for sensitive CT
Thermal overload capability IEC 60255-1
IEC 60255-27
100 Ir for 1 s
4 Ir continuous
Thermal overload capability for
sensitive CT
IEC 60255-27
DL/T 478-2001
100 A for 1 s
3 A continuous
Internal voltage transformer
Item Standard Data
Rated voltage Vr (ph-ph) IEC 60255-1 100 V /110 V
Nominal range (ph-e) 0.4 V to 120 V
Power consumption at Vr = 110 V IEC 60255-27
DL/T 478-2001
≤ 0.1 VA per phase
Thermal overload capability
(phase-neutral voltage)
IEC 60255-27
DL/T 478-2001
2 Vr, for 10s
1.5 Vr, continuous
Chapter 9 Hardware
82
4 Communication module
4.1 Introduction
The communication module performs communication between the internal
protection system and external equipments such as HMI, engineering
workstation, substation automation system, RTU, etc., to transmit remote
metering, remote signaling, SOE, event reports and record data.
4.2 Terminals of communication module
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Ethernet port B
Ethernet port A
Ethernet port C
Figure 20 Terminals arrangement of COM
Table 36 Definition of terminals of COM
Terminal Definition
01 Null
02 Null
03 Null
04 Null
05 Optional RS485 port - 2B
Chapter 9 Hardware
83
06 Optional RS485 port - 2A
07 Optional RS485 port - 1B
08 Optional RS485 port - 1A
09 Time synchronization
10 Time synchronization GND
11 Null
12 Null
13 Null
14 Null
15 Null
16 Null
Ethernet
Port A
Optional optical fiber or RJ45
port for station automation
system
Ethernet
Port B
Optional optical fiber or RJ45
port for station automation
system
Ethernet
Port C
Optional optical fiber or RJ45
port for station automation
system
4.3 Substaion communication port
4.3.1 RS232 communication ports
There is a serial RS232 port on the front plate of all the IEDs. Through this
port, the IED can be connected to the personal computer for setting, testing,
and configuration using the dedicated Sifang software tool.
4.3.2 RS485 communication ports
Up to 2 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation system. These two ports can work in
parallel for IEC60870-5-103.
4.3.3 Ethernet communication ports
Chapter 9 Hardware
84
Up to 3 electrical or optical Ethernet communication ports are provided to
connect with substation automation system. Two out of these three ports can
work in parallel for protocol, IEC61850 or IEC60870-5-103.
4.3.4 Time synchronization port
All IEDs feature a permanently integrated electrical time synchronization port.
It can be used to feed timing telegrams in IRIG-B or pulse format into the
IEDs via time synchronization receivers. The IED can adapt the second or
minute pulse in the pulse mode automatically.
Meanwhile, SNTP network time synchronization can also be applied.
4.4 Technical data
Front communication port
Item Data
Number 1
Connection Isolated, RS232; front panel,
9-pin subminiature connector, for software tools
Communication speed 9600 baud
Max. length of communication cable 15 m
RS485 communication port
Item Data
Number 0 to 2
Connection 2-wire connector
Rear port in communication module
Max. length of communication cable 1.0 km
Test voltage 500 V AC against earth
For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed Factory setting 9600 baud,
Min. 1200 baud, Max. 19200 baud
Ethernet communication port
Chapter 9 Hardware
85
Item Data
Electrical communication port
Number 0 to 3
Connection RJ45 connector
Rear port in communication module
Max. length of communication cable 100m
For IEC 61850 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
For IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
Optical communication port ( optional )
Number 0 to 2
Connection SC connector
Rear port in communication module
Optical cable type Multi-mode
Max. length of communication cable 2.0km
IEC 61850 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
IEC 60870-5-103 protocol
Communication speed 100 Mbit/s
Time synchronization
Item Data
Mode Pulse mode
IRIG-B signal format IRIG-B000
Connection 2-wire connector
Rear port in communication module
Voltage levels differential input
Chapter 9 Hardware
86
5 Binary input module
5.1 Introduction
The binary input module is used to connect the input signals and alarm
signals such as the auxiliary contacts of the circuit breaker (CB), etc.
5.2 Terminals of binary input module
The Binary Input Module A
c02 a02
c04 a04
c06 a06
a08c08
a10c10
a12c12
a14c14
a16c16
a18c18
a20c20
a22c22
a24c24
a26c26
a28c28
a30c30
a32c32
ac
DC -DC -
Figure 21 Terminals arrangement of BIM A
Table 37 Definition of terminals of BIM A
Terminal Definition Remark
Chapter 9 Hardware
87
a02 BI1 BI group 1
c02 BI2 BI group 2
a04 BI3 BI group 1
c04 BI4 BI group 2
a06 BI5 BI group 1
c06 BI6 BI group 2
a08 BI7 BI group 1
c08 BI8 BI group 2
a10 BI9 BI group 1
c10 BI10 BI group 2
a12 BI11 BI group 1
c12 BI12 BI group 2
a14 BI13 BI group 1
c14 BI14 BI group 2
a16 BI15 BI group 1
c16 BI16 BI group 2
a18 BI17 BI group 1
c18 BI18 BI group 2
a20 BI19 BI group 1
c20 BI20 BI group 2
a22 BI21 BI group 1
c22 BI22 BI group 2
a24 BI23 BI group 1
c24 BI24 BI group 2
a26 BI25 BI group 1
c26 BI26 BI group 2
a28 BI27 BI group 1
c28 BI28 BI group 2
a30 BI29 BI group 1
c30 BI30 BI group 2
a32 DC - Input
Common
terminal of BI
group 1
c32 DC - Input
Common
terminal of BI
group 2
Chapter 9 Hardware
88
The Binary Input Module B
c02 a02
c04 a04
c06 a06
a08c08
a10c10
a12c12
a14c14
a16c16
a18c18
a20c20
a22c22
a24c24
a26c26
a28c28
a30c30
a32c32
ac
DC -DC -
DC +DC +
Figure 22 Terminals arrangement of BIM B
Table 38 Definition of terminals of BIM B
Terminal Definition Remark
a02 DC + Input DC input voltage
c02 DC + Input DC input voltage
a04 BI1
c04 BI2
a06 BI3
c06 BI4
a08 BI5
c08 BI6
a10 BI7
Chapter 9 Hardware
89
c10 BI8
a12 BI9
c12 BI10
a14 BI11
c14 BI12
a16 BI13
c16 BI14
a18 BI15
c18 BI16
a20 BI17
c20 BI18
a22 BI19
c22 BI20
a24 BI21
c24 BI22
a26 BI23
c26 BI24
a28 BI25
c28 BI26
a30 BI27
c30 BI28
a32 DC - Input Common
terminal of all BI
c32 DC - Input Common
terminal of all BI
5.3 Technical data
Item Standard Data
Input voltage range IEC60255-1 110/125 V
220/250 V
Threshold1: guarantee
operation
IEC60255-1 154V, for 220/250V
77V, for 110V/125V
Threshold2: uncertain operation IEC60255-1 132V, for 220/250V ;
66V, for 110V/125V
Response time/reset time IEC60255-1 Software provides de-bounce
Chapter 9 Hardware
90
time
Power consumption, energized IEC60255-1 Max. 0.5 W/input, 110V
Max. 1 W/input, 220V
Chapter 9 Hardware
91
6 Binary output module
6.1 Introduction
The binary output modules mainly provide tripping output contacts, initiating
output contacts and signaling output contacts. All the tripping output relays
have contacts with a high switching capacity and are blocked by protection
startup elements.
Each output relay can be configured to satisfy the demands of users.
6.2 Terminals of binary output module
Binary Output Module A
The module provides 16 output relays for tripping or initiating, with total 16 contacts.
Chapter 9 Hardware
92
a02
R
1
a04
a06
a08
a10
a12
a14
a16
a18
a20
a22
a24
a26
a28
a30
a32
ac
c02
c04
c06
c08
c10
c12
c14
c16
c18
c20
c22
c24
c26
c28
c30
c32
R
3
R
5
R
7
R
9
R
11
R
13
R
15
R
16
R
2
R
4
R
6
R
8
R
10
R
12
R
14
Figure 23 Terminals arrangement of BOM A
Chapter 9 Hardware
93
Table 39 Definition of terminals of BOM A
Terminal Definition Related relay
a02 Trip contact 1-0 Output relay 1
c02 Trip contact 1-1 Output relay 1
a04 Trip contact 2-0 Output relay 2
c04 Trip contact 2-1 Output relay 2
a06 Trip contact 3-0 Output relay 3
c06 Trip contact 3-1 Output relay 3
a08 Trip contact 4-0 Output relay 4
c08 Trip contact 4-1 Output relay 4
a10 Trip contact 5-0 Output relay 5
c10 Trip contact 5-1 Output relay 5
a12 Trip contact 6-0 Output relay 6
c12 Trip contact 6-1 Output relay 6
a14 Trip contact 7-0 Output relay 7
c14 Trip contact 7-1 Output relay 7
a16 Trip contact 8-0 Output relay 8
c16 Trip contact 8-1 Output relay 8
a18 Trip contact 9-0 Output relay 9
c18 Trip contact 9-1 Output relay 9
a20 Trip contact 10-0 Output relay 10
c20 Trip contact 10-1 Output relay 10
a22 Trip contact 11-0 Output relay 11
c22 Trip contact 11-1 Output relay 11
a24 Trip contact 12-0 Output relay 12
c24 Trip contact 12-1 Output relay 12
a26 Trip contact 13-0 Output relay 13
c26 Trip contact 13-1 Output relay 13
a28 Trip contact 14-0 Output relay 14
c28 Trip contact 14-1 Output relay 14
a30 Trip contact 15-0 Output relay 15
c30 Trip contact 15-1 Output relay 15
a32 Trip contact 16-0 Output relay 16
c32 Trip contact 16-1 Output relay 16
Chapter 9 Hardware
94
Binary Output Module B
The module provides 32 output relays for tripping or initiating, with total 32
contacts, equal to double binary output module A bound together.
a02
R
1
a04
a06
a08
a10
a12
a14
a16
a18
a20
a22
a24
a26
a28
a30
a32
ac
c02
c04
c06
c08
c10
c12
c14
c16
c18
c20
c22
c24
c26
c28
c30
c32
R
3
R
5
R
7
R
9
R
11
R
13
R
15
R
16
R
2
R
4
R
6
R
8
R
10
R
12
R
14
Figure 24 Terminals arrangement of BOM B
Chapter 9 Hardware
95
Table 40 Definition of terminals of BOM B
Terminal Definition Related relay
BOM B-1
a02 Trip contact 1-0 Output relay 1
c02 Trip contact 1-1 Output relay 1
a04 Trip contact 2-0 Output relay 2
c04 Trip contact 2-1 Output relay 2
a06 Trip contact 3-0 Output relay 3
c06 Trip contact 3-1 Output relay 3
a08 Trip contact 4-0 Output relay 4
c08 Trip contact 4-1 Output relay 4
a10 Trip contact 5-0 Output relay 5
c10 Trip contact 5-1 Output relay 5
a12 Trip contact 6-0 Output relay 6
c12 Trip contact 6-1 Output relay 6
a14 Trip contact 7-0 Output relay 7
c14 Trip contact 7-1 Output relay 7
a16 Trip contact 8-0 Output relay 8
c16 Trip contact 8-1 Output relay 8
a18 Trip contact 9-0 Output relay 9
c18 Trip contact 9-1 Output relay 9
a20 Trip contact 10-0 Output relay 10
c20 Trip contact 10-1 Output relay 10
a22 Trip contact 11-0 Output relay 11
c22 Trip contact 11-1 Output relay 11
a24 Trip contact 12-0 Output relay 12
c24 Trip contact 12-1 Output relay 12
a26 Trip contact 13-0 Output relay 13
c26 Trip contact 13-1 Output relay 13
a28 Trip contact 14-0 Output relay 14
c28 Trip contact 14-1 Output relay 14
a30 Trip contact 15-0 Output relay 15
c30 Trip contact 15-1 Output relay 15
a32 Trip contact 16-0 Output relay 16
c32 Trip contact 16-1 Output relay 16
Chapter 9 Hardware
96
Terminal Definition Related relay
BOM B-2
a02 Trip contact 1-0 Output relay 1
c02 Trip contact 1-1 Output relay 1
a04 Trip contact 2-0 Output relay 2
c04 Trip contact 2-1 Output relay 2
a06 Trip contact 3-0 Output relay 3
c06 Trip contact 3-1 Output relay 3
a08 Trip contact 4-0 Output relay 4
c08 Trip contact 4-1 Output relay 4
a10 Trip contact 5-0 Output relay 5
c10 Trip contact 5-1 Output relay 5
a12 Trip contact 6-0 Output relay 6
c12 Trip contact 6-1 Output relay 6
a14 Trip contact 7-0 Output relay 7
c14 Trip contact 7-1 Output relay 7
a16 Trip contact 8-0 Output relay 8
c16 Trip contact 8-1 Output relay 8
a18 Trip contact 9-0 Output relay 9
c18 Trip contact 9-1 Output relay 9
a20 Trip contact 10-0 Output relay 10
c20 Trip contact 10-1 Output relay 10
a22 Trip contact 11-0 Output relay 11
c22 Trip contact 11-1 Output relay 11
a24 Trip contact 12-0 Output relay 12
c24 Trip contact 12-1 Output relay 12
a26 Trip contact 13-0 Output relay 13
c26 Trip contact 13-1 Output relay 13
a28 Trip contact 14-0 Output relay 14
c28 Trip contact 14-1 Output relay 14
a30 Trip contact 15-0 Output relay 15
c30 Trip contact 15-1 Output relay 15
a32 Trip contact 16-0 Output relay 16
c32 Trip contact 16-1 Output relay 16
Chapter 9 Hardware
97
6.3 Technical data
Item Standard Data
Max. system voltage IEC60255-1 250V /~
Current carrying capacity IEC60255-1 5 A continuous,
30A,200ms ON, 15s OFF
Making capacity IEC60255-1 1100 W( ) at inductive load with
L/R>40 ms
1000 VA(AC)
Breaking capacity IEC60255-1 220V , 0.15A, at L/R≤40 ms
110V , 0.30A, at L/R≤40 ms
Mechanical endurance, Unloaded IEC60255-1 50,000,000 cycles (3 Hz switching
frequency)
Mechanical endurance, making IEC60255-1 ≥1000 cycles
Mechanical endurance, breaking IEC60255-1 ≥1000 cycles
Specification state verification IEC60255-1
IEC60255-23
IEC61810-1
UL/CSA、TŰV
Contact circuit resistance
measurement
IEC60255-1
IEC60255-23
IEC61810-1
30mΩ
Open Contact insulation test (AC
Dielectric strength)
IEC60255-1
IEC60255-27
AC1000V 1min
Maximum temperature of parts and
materials
IEC60255-1 55℃
Chapter 9 Hardware
98
7 Power supply module
7.1 Introduction
The power supply module is used to provide the correct internal voltages and
full isolation between the terminal and the battery system.
7.2 Terminals of power supply module
c02 a02
c04 a04
c06 a06
a08c08
a10c10
a12c12
a14c14
a16c16
a18c18
a20c20
a22c22
a24c24
a26c26
a28c28
a30c30
a32c32
ac
DC 24V +
OUTPUTS
DC 24V -
OUTPUTS
AUX.DC +
INPUT
AUX. DC -
INPUT
Figure 25 Terminals arrangement of PSM
Table 41 Definition of terminals of PSM
Terminal Definition
a02 AUX.DC 24V+ output 1
c02 AUX.DC 24V+ output 2
Chapter 9 Hardware
99
a04 AUX.DC 24V+ output 3
c04 AUX.DC 24V+ output 4
a06 Isolated terminal, not wired
c06 Isolated terminal, not wired
a08 AUX.DC 24V- output 1
c08 AUX.DC 24V- output 2
a10 AUX.DC 24V- output 3
c10 AUX.DC 24V- output 4
a12 AUX.DC 24V- output 5
c12 AUX.DC 24V- output 6
a14 Alarm contact A1, for
AUX.DC power input failure
c14 Alarm contact A0, for
AUX.DC power input failure
a16 Alarm contact B1, for
AUX.DC power input failure
c16 Alarm contact B0, for
AUX.DC power input failure
a18 Isolated terminal, not wired
c18 Isolated terminal, not wired
a20 AUX. power input 1, DC +
c20 AUX. power input 2, DC +
a22 AUX. power input 3, DC +
c22 AUX. power input 4, DC +
a24 Isolated terminal, not wired
c24 Isolated terminal, not wired
a26 AUX. power input 1, DC -
c26 AUX. power input 2, DC -
a28 AUX. power input 3, DC -
c28 AUX. power input 4, DC -
a30 Isolated terminal, not wired
c30 Isolated terminal, not wired
a32 Terminal for earthing
c32 Terminal for earthing
Chapter 9 Hardware
100
7.3 Technical data
Item Standard Data
Rated auxiliary voltage Uaux IEC60255-1 110 to 250V
Permissible tolerance IEC60255-1 ±%20 Uaux
Power consumption at quiescent
state
IEC60255-1 ≤ 50 W per power supply module
Power consumption at maximum
load
IEC60255-1 ≤ 60 W per power supply module
Inrush Current IEC60255-1 T ≤ 10 ms/I≤ 25 A per power supply
module,
Chapter 9 Hardware
101
8 Technical data
8.1 Type tests
Insulation test
Item Standard Data
Over voltage category IEC60255-27 Category III
Pollution degree IEC60255-27 Degree 2
Insulation IEC60255-27 Basic insulation
Degree of protection (IP) IEC60255-27
IEC 60529
Front plate: IP40
Rear, side, top and bottom: IP 30
Power frequency high voltage
withstand test
IEC 60255-5
EN 60255-5
ANSI C37.90
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
2KV, 50Hz
2.8kV
between the following circuits:
auxiliary power supply
CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
case earth
500V, 50Hz
between the following circuits:
Communication ports to case
earth
time synchronization terminals
to case earth
Impulse voltage test IEC60255-5
IEC 60255-27
EN 60255-5
ANSI C37.90
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
5kV (1.2/50μs, 0.5J)
If Ui≥63V
1kV if Ui<63V
Tested between the following
circuits:
auxiliary power supply
CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
case earth
Note: Ui: Rated voltage
Insulation resistance IEC60255-5 ≥ 100 MΩ at 500 V
Chapter 9 Hardware
102
IEC 60255-27
EN 60255-5
ANSI C37.90
GB/T 15145-2001
DL/T 478-2001
Protective bonding resistance IEC60255-27 ≤ 0.1Ω
Fire withstand/flammability IEC60255-27 Class V2
Electromagnetic compatibility tests
Item Standard Data
1 MHz burst immunity test IEC60255-22-1
IEC60255-26
IEC61000-4-18
EN 60255-22-1
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1
Class III
2.5 kV CM ; 1 kV DM
Tested on the following circuits:
auxiliary power supply
CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
1 kV CM ; 0 kV DM
Tested on the following circuits:
communication ports
Electrostatic discharge IEC 60255-22-2
IEC 61000-4-2
EN 60255-22-2
Level 4
8 kV contact discharge;
15 kV air gap discharge;
both polarities; 150 pF; Ri = 330 Ω
Radiated electromagnetic field
disturbance test
IEC 60255-22-3
EN 60255-22-3
Frequency sweep:
80 MHz – 1 GHz; 1.4 GHz – 2.7 GHz
spot frequencies:
80 MHz; 160 MHz; 380 MHz; 450
MHz; 900 MHz; 1850 MHz; 2150
MHz
10 V/m
AM, 80%, 1 kHz
Radiated electromagnetic field
disturbance test
IEC 60255-22-3
EN 60255-22-3
Pulse-modulated
10 V/m, 900 MHz; repetition rate
200 Hz, on duration 50 %
Electric fast transient/burst immunity
test
IEC 60255-22-4,
IEC 61000-4-4
EN 60255-22-4
Class A, 4KV
Tested on the following circuits:
auxiliary power supply
Chapter 9 Hardware
103
ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1 CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
Class A, 1KV
Tested on the following circuits:
communication ports
Surge immunity test IEC 60255-22-5
IEC 61000-4-5
4.0kV L-E
2.0kV L-L
Tested on the following circuits:
auxiliary power supply
CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
500V L-E
Tested on the following circuits:
communication ports
Conduct immunity test IEC 60255-22-6
IEC 61000-4-6
Frequency sweep: 150 kHz – 80
MHz
spot frequencies: 27 MHz and 68
MHz
10 V
AM, 80%, 1 kHz
Power frequency immunity test IEC60255-22-7 Class A
300 V CM
150 V DM
Power frequency magnetic field test IEC 61000-4-8 Level 4
30 A/m cont. / 300 A/m 1 s to 3 s
100 kHz burst immunity test IEC61000-4-18 2.5 kV CM ; 1 kV DM
Tested on the following circuits:
auxiliary power supply
CT / VT inputs
binary inputs
binary outputs
1 kV CM ; 0 kV DM
Tested on the following circuits:
communication ports
Mechanical tests
Chapter 9 Hardware
104
Item Standard Data
Sinusoidal Vibration response
test
IEC60255-21-1
EN 60255-21-1
Class 1
10 Hz to 60 Hz: 0.075 mm
60 Hz to 150 Hz: 1 g
1 sweep cycle in each axis
Relay energized
Sinusoidal Vibration endurance
test
IEC60255-21-1
EN 60255-21-1
Class 1
10 Hz to 150 Hz: 1 g
20 sweep cycle in each axis
Relay non-energized
Shock response test IEC60255-21-2
EN 60255-21-2
Class 1
5 g, 11 ms duration
3 shocks in both directions of 3 axes
Relay energized
Shock withstand test IEC60255-21-2
EN 60255-21-2
Class 1
15 g, 11 ms duration
3 shocks in both directions of 3 axes
Relay non-energized
Bump test IEC60255-21-2 Class 1
10 g, 16 ms duration
1000 shocks in both directions of 3
axes
Relay non-energized
Seismic test IEC60255-21-3 Class 1
X-axis 1 Hz to 8/9 Hz: 7.5 mm
X-axis 8/9 Hz to 35 Hz :2 g
Y-axis 1 Hz to 8/9 Hz: 3.75 mm
Y-axis 8/9 Hz to 35 Hz :1 g
1 sweep cycle in each axis,
Relay energized
Environmental tests
Item Data
Recommended permanent operating temperature -10 °C to +55°C
(Legibility of display may be impaired above
+55 °C /+131 °F)
Storage and transport temperature limit -25°C to +70°C
Permissible humidity 95 % of relative humidity
Chapter 9 Hardware
105
8.2 IED design
Item Data
Case size 4U×19inch
Weight ≤ 10kg
8.3 CE certificate
Item Data
EMC Directive EN 61000-6-2 and EN61000-6-4 (EMC Council
Directive 2004/108/EC)
Low voltage directive EN 60255-27 (Low-voltage directive 2006/95 EC).
Chapter 9 Hardware
106
Chapter 10 Appendix
107
Chapter 10 Appendix
About this chapter
This chapter describes the appendix.
Chapter 10 Appendix
108
1 General setting list
1.1 IED parameter
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
1 Bus Voltage Connected Enable or disable the bus voltage
conenction 0 1
2 CT1 As the B/C Main CT CT1 is set as the main CT of bus
coupler 0 1
3 Isol Fail Block Protec Isolator 1 fail to block the protection 0 1
4 DR_Sample Rate 600 Disturbance recording_sample rate
600 or 1200 0 1
5 BI SetGrp Switch Binary input for setting group switch 0 1
6 Max Bays Maximum bays 2 17
7 VT_Primary:Ph-Ph Primary VT rated voltage:
phase-phase
kV 0 1500
8 VT_Secondary:Ph-Ea Secondary VT rated voltage:
phase-earth
V 0 1000
9 CT_Secondary The setting for secondary side CT A 1 5
10 CT_Ratio: Base CT_Ratio: Base 0 5000
11 CT1_Ratio: Bay1 CT1_Ratio: Bay1 0 5000
12 CT2_Ratio: Bay1 CT2_Ratio: Bay1 0 5000
13 CT_Ratio: Bay2 CT_Ratio: Bay2 0 5000
14 CT_Ratio: Bay3 CT_Ratio: Bay3 0 5000
15 CT_Ratio: Bay4 CT_Ratio: Bay4 0 5000
16 CT_Ratio: Bay5 CT_Ratio: Bay5 0 5000
17 CT_Ratio: Bay6 CT_Ratio: Bay6 0 5000
18 CT_Ratio: Bay7 CT_Ratio: Bay7 0 5000
19 CT_Ratio: Bay8 CT_Ratio: Bay8 0 5000
20 CT_Ratio: Bay9 CT_Ratio: Bay9 0 5000
21 CT_Ratio: Bay10 CT_Ratio: Bay10 0 5000
22 CT_Ratio: Bay11 CT_Ratio: Bay11 0 5000
23 CT_Ratio: Bay12 CT_Ratio: Bay12 0 5000
24 CT_Ratio: Bay13 CT_Ratio: Bay13 0 5000
25 CT_Ratio: Bay14 CT_Ratio: Bay14 0 5000
26 CT_Ratio: Bay15 CT_Ratio: Bay15 0 5000
Chapter 10 Appendix
109
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
27 CT_Ratio: Bay16 CT_Ratio: Bay16 0 5000
28 CT_Ratio: Bay17 CT_Ratio: Bay17 0 5000
29 Time Pre Fault Recording time for pre-fault s 0.05 0.3
30 Time Post Fault Recording time for post-fault s 1.0 4.5
31 Time Iso confirm Time for isolator status confirmation s 0.05 1.0
32 Time CB confirm Time for CB status confirmation s 0.05 2.0
1.2 Function setting list
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
33 I_Diff Current setting for busbar differential
protection A 0.1 99.99
34 K_Diff Restraint factor for busbar differential
protection 0.3 0.99
35 I_CTFailAlm:Feeder Current setting for CT failure alarm:
feeder A 0.01 99.99
36 I_CTFailBlk:Feeder Current setting for CT failure blocking:
feeder A 0.01 99.99
37 I_CTFailAlm:B/C Current setting for CT failure alarm:
B/C A 0.01 99.99
38 I_CTFailBlk:B/C Current setting for CT failure blocking:
B/C A 0.01 99.99
39 I_CBF:Bay1 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 1 A 0.05 100.0
40 3I0_CBF:Bay1 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 1 A 0.05 100.0
41 3I2_CBF:Bay1 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 1 A 0.05 100.0
42 T_CBF1:Bay1 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 1 s 0 32.00
43 T_CBF2:Bay1 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 1 s 0 32.00
44 I_CBF:Bay2 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 2 A 0.05 100.0
45 3I0_CBF:Bay2 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 2 A 0.05 100.0
46 3I2_CBF:Bay2 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 2 A 0.05 100.0
47 T_CBF1:Bay2 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 2 s 0 32.00
48 T_CBF2:Bay2 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 2 s 0 32.00
Chapter 10 Appendix
110
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
49 I_CBF:Bay3 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 3 A 0.05 100.0
50 3I0_CBF:Bay3 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 3 A 0.05 100.0
51 3I2_CBF:Bay3 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 3 A 0.05 100.0
52 T_CBF1:Bay3 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 3 s 0 32.00
53 T_CBF2:Bay3 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 3 s 0 32.00
54 I_CBF:Bay4 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 4 A 0.05 100.0
55 3I0_CBF:Bay4 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 4 A 0.05 100.0
56 3I2_CBF:Bay4 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 4 A 0.05 100.0
57 T_CBF1:Bay4 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 4 s 0 32.00
58 T_CBF2:Bay4 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 4 s 0 32.00
59 I_CBF:Bay5 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 5 A 0.05 100.0
60 3I0_CBF:Bay5 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 5 A 0.05 100.0
61 3I2_CBF:Bay5 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 5 A 0.05 100.0
62 T_CBF1:Bay5 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 5 s 0 32.00
63 T_CBF2:Bay5 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 5 s 0 32.00
64 I_CBF:Bay6 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 6 A 0.05 100.0
65 3I0_CBF:Bay6 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 6 A 0.05 100.0
66 3I2_CBF:Bay6 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 6 A 0.05 100.0
67 T_CBF1:Bay6 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 6 s 0 32.00
68 T_CBF2:Bay6 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 6 s 0 32.00
69 I_CBF:Bay7 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 7 A 0.05 100.0
70 3I0_CBF:Bay7 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 7 A 0.05 100.0
71 3I2_CBF:Bay7 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 7 A 0.05 100.0
72 T_CBF1:Bay7 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 7 s 0 32.00
73 T_CBF2:Bay7 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 7 s 0 32.00
Chapter 10 Appendix
111
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
74 I_CBF:Bay8 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 8 A 0.05 100.0
75 3I0_CBF:Bay8 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 8 A 0.05 100.0
76 3I2_CBF:Bay8 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 8 A 0.05 100.0
77 T_CBF1:Bay8 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 8 s 0 32.00
78 T_CBF2:Bay8 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 8 s 0 32.00
79 I_CBF:Bay9 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 9 A 0.05 100.0
80 3I0_CBF:Bay9 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 9 A 0.05 100.0
81 3I2_CBF:Bay9 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 9 A 0.05 100.0
82 T_CBF1:Bay9 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 9 s 0 32.00
83 T_CBF2:Bay9 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 9 s 0 32.00
84 I_CBF:Bay10 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 10 A 0.05 100.0
85 3I0_CBF:Bay10 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 10 A 0.05 100.0
86 3I2_CBF:Bay10 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 10 A 0.05 100.0
87 T_CBF1:Bay10 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 10 s 0 32.00
88 T_CBF2:Bay10 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 10 s 0 32.00
89 I_CBF:Bay11 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 11 A 0.05 100.0
90 3I0_CBF:Bay11 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 11 A 0.05 100.0
91 3I2_CBF:Bay11 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 11 A 0.05 100.0
92 T_CBF1:Bay11 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 11 s 0 32.00
93 T_CBF2:Bay11 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 11 s 0 32.00
94 I_CBF:Bay12 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 12 A 0.05 100.0
95 3I0_CBF:Bay12 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 12 A 0.05 100.0
96 3I2_CBF:Bay12 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 12 A 0.05 100.0
97 T_CBF1:Bay12 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 12 s 0 32.00
98 T_CBF2:Bay12 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 12 s 0 32.00
Chapter 10 Appendix
112
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
99 I_CBF:Bay13 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 13 A 0.05 100.0
100 3I0_CBF:Bay13 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 13 A 0.05 100.0
101 3I2_CBF:Bay13 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 13 A 0.05 100.0
102 T_CBF1:Bay13 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 13 s 0 32.00
103 T_CBF2:Bay13 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 13 s 0 32.00
104 I_CBF:Bay14 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 14 A 0.05 100.0
105 3I0_CBF:Bay14 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 14 A 0.05 100.0
106 3I2_CBF:Bay14 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 14 A 0.05 100.0
107 T_CBF1:Bay14 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 14 s 0 32.00
108 T_CBF2:Bay14 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 14 s 0 32.00
109 I_CBF:Bay15 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 15 A 0.05 100.0
110 3I0_CBF:Bay15 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 15 A 0.05 100.0
111 3I2_CBF:Bay15 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 15 A 0.05 100.0
112 T_CBF1:Bay15 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 15 s 0 32.00
113 T_CBF2:Bay15 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 15 s 0 32.00
114 I_CBF:Bay16 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 16 A 0.05 100.0
115 3I0_CBF:Bay16 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 16 A 0.05 100.0
116 3I2_CBF:Bay16 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 16 A 0.05 100.0
117 T_CBF1:Bay16 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 16 s 0 32.00
118 T_CBF2:Bay16 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 16 s 0 32.00
119 I_CBF:Bay17 Phase current setting for CBF
protection of bay 17 A 0.05 100.0
120 3I0_CBF:Bay17 Zero sequence current setting for CBF
protection of bay 17 A 0.05 100.0
121 3I2_CBF:Bay17 Negative sequence current setting for
CBF protection of bay 17 A 0.05 100.0
122 T_CBF1:Bay17 Time delay for CBF stage 1 of bay 17 s 0 32.00
123 T_CBF2:Bay17 Time delay for CBF stage 2 of bay 17 s 0 32.00
Chapter 10 Appendix
113
No Parameter Description Unit Min. Max.
124 T_DeadZone:Bay1 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 1 s 0 32.00
125 T_DeadZone:Bay2 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 2 s 0 32.00
126 T_DeadZone:Bay3 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 3 s 0 32.00
127 T_DeadZone:Bay4 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 4 s 0 32.00
128 T_DeadZone:Bay5 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 5 s 0 32.00
129 T_DeadZone:Bay6 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 6 s 0 32.00
130 T_DeadZone:Bay7 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 7 s 0 32.00
131 T_DeadZone:Bay8 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 8 s 0 32.00
132 T_DeadZone:Bay9 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 9 s 0 32.00
133 T_DeadZone:Bay10 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 10 s 0 32.00
134 T_DeadZone:Bay11 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 11 s 0 32.00
135 T_DeadZone:Bay12 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 12 s 0 32.00
136 T_DeadZone:Bay13 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 13 s 0 32.00
137 T_DeadZone:Bay14 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 14 s 0 32.00
138 T_DeadZone:Bay15 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 15 s 0 32.00
139 T_DeadZone:Bay16 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 16 s 0 32.00
140 T_DeadZone:Bay17 Time delay of dead zone protection for
bay 17 s 0 32.00
1.3 Binary setting list
No Setting Description Unit Min. Max.
1 Func_Diff ON Busbar differential protection
enabled or disabled 0 1
2 CT Fail Alarm ON CT fail alarm enabled or disabled 0 1
3 CT Fail Block ON CT fail blocking enabled or disabled 0 1
Chapter 10 Appendix
114
No Setting Description Unit Min. Max.
4 Bay1 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 1 0 1
5 Bay1 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 1
0 1
6 Bay1 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 1 0 1
7 Bay2 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 2 0 1
8 Bay2 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 2
0 1
9 Bay2 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 2 0 1
10 Bay3 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 3 0 1
11 Bay3 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 3
0 1
12 Bay3 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 3 0 1
13 Bay4 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 4 0 1
14 Bay4 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 4
0 1
15 Bay4 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 4 0 1
16 Bay5 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 5 0 1
17 Bay5 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 5
0 1
18 Bay5 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 5 0 1
19 Bay6 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 6 0 1
20 Bay6 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 6
0 1
21 Bay6 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 6 0 1
Chapter 10 Appendix
115
No Setting Description Unit Min. Max.
22 Bay7 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 7 0 1
23 Bay7 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 7
0 1
24 Bay7 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 7 0 1
25 Bay8 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 8 0 1
26 Bay8 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 8
0 1
27 Bay8 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 8 0 1
28 Bay9 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 9 0 1
29 Bay9 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 9
0 1
30 Bay9 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 9 0 1
31 Bay10 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 10 0 1
32 Bay10 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 10
0 1
33 Bay10 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 10 0 1
34 Bay11 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 11 0 1
35 Bay11 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 11
0 1
36 Bay11 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 11 0 1
37 Bay12 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 12 0 1
38 Bay12 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 12
0 1
39 Bay12 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 12 0 1
Chapter 10 Appendix
116
No Setting Description Unit Min. Max.
40 Bay13 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 13 0 1
41 Bay13 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 13
0 1
42 Bay13 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 13 0 1
43 Bay14 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 14 0 1
44 Bay14 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 14
0 1
45 Bay14 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 14 0 1
46 Bay15 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 15 0 1
47 Bay15 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 15
0 1
48 Bay15 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 15 0 1
49 Bay16 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 16 0 1
50 Bay16 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 16
0 1
51 Bay16 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 16 0 1
52 Bay17 Func_CBF On CBF protection enabled or disable
for bay 17 0 1
53 Bay17 CBF Chk 3I0/3I2
Enable or disable the function of
checking zero and negative
sequence current for bay 17
0 1
54 Bay17 Init from Ext CBF Initiation from external CBF function
for bay 17 0 1
55 Bay1 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 1 0 1
56 Bay2 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 2 0 1
57 Bay3 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 3 0 1
58 Bay4 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 4 0 1
Chapter 10 Appendix
117
No Setting Description Unit Min. Max.
59 Bay5 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 5 0 1
60 Bay6 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 6 0 1
61 Bay7 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 7 0 1
62 Bay8 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 8 0 1
63 Bay9 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 9 0 1
64 Bay10 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 10 0 1
65 Bay11 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 11 0 1
66 Bay12 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 12 0 1
67 Bay13 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 13 0 1
68 Bay14 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 14 0 1
69 Bay15 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 15 0 1
70 Bay16 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 16 0 1
71 Bay17 Func_Dead Zone On Enable or disable the dead zone
protection for bay 17 0 1
Chapter 10 Appendix
118
2 General report list
Table 42 Event report list
No. Abbr. (LCD Display) Description
1 Diff Startup Differential protection startup
2 BZ1 Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
3 BZ1 Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
4 BZ1 Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Bus zone 1 trip
5 BZ2 Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
6 BZ2 Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
7 BZ2 Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Bus zone 2 trip
8 BZT Diff Tp: PhA Phase A differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
9 BZT Diff Tp: PhB Phase B differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
10 BZT Diff Tp: PhC Phase C differential protection of Transfer bus zone trip
11 CBF Startup CBF protection startup
12 CBF1 Trip CBF protection stage 1 trips
13 BZ1 CBF2 Trip CBF protection stage 2 of bus zone I trips
14 BZ2 CBF2 Trip CBF protection stage 2 of bus zone II trips.
15 BZT CBF2 Trip
CBF protection stage 2 of transfer bus zone issues trip
command
16 CBF Transf.Trip
The IED issues transfer trip command to the remote end of the
feeder or the other windings of transformer.
17 DeadZone Startup Dead zone protection startup
18 DeadZone Trip Dead zone protection trips
19 BI SetGroup Mode Binary input setting group mode
Table 43 Alarm report list
No. Abbr. (LCD Display) Description
1 AI Err Analogue input error
2 B/C CBF StartErr CBF of bus coupler startup error
3 B/C CT Fail: PhA Phase A of bus coupler CT fail
4 B/C CT Fail: PhB Phase B of bus coupler CT fail
5 B/C CT Fail: PhC Phase C of bus coupler CT fail
6 Battery Off Battery off
7 BI Breakdown Binary input break down
8 BI Check Err Binary input check error
9 BI Comm Fail Binary input communication fail
10 BI Config Err Binary input configuration error
11 BI EEPROM Err Binary input EEPROM error
12 BI Input Err Binary input input error
Chapter 10 Appendix
119
No. Abbr. (LCD Display) Description
13 BI Module Err Binary input module error
14 BO Breakdown Binary output breakdown
15 BO Comm Fail Binary output communication fail
16 BO Config Err Binary output configuration error
17 BO EEPROM Err Binary output EEPROM error
18 BO Module Err Binary output module error
19 BO No Response Binary output no response
20 Bus Tied Bus Tied
21 BZ1 CT Fail: PhA Phase A of busbar zone 1 CT fail
22 BZ1 CT Fail: PhB Phase B of busbar zone 1 CT fail
23 BZ1 CT Fail: PhC Phase C of busbar zone 1 CT fail
24 BZ1 VT Fail Busbar zone 1 VT fail
25 BZ2 CT Fail: PhA Phase A of busbar zone 2 CT fail
26 BZ2 CT Fail: PhB Phase B of busbar zone 2 CT fail
27 BZ2 CT Fail: PhC Phase C of busbar zone 2 CT fail
28 BZ2 VT Fail Busbar zone 2 VT fail
29 BZT CT Fail: PhA Phase A of transfer busbar zone CT fail
30 BZT CT Fail: PhB Phase B of transfer busbar zone CT fail
31 BZT CT Fail: PhC Phase C of transfer busbar zone CT fail
32 BZT VT Fail Transfer bus VT fail
33 CAN Comm Fail CAN network communication fail
34 CAN Comm Recover CAN network communication recorver
35 CB Discord CB discordance
36 CT Ratio Err CT ratio error
37 CT Secondary Err Secondary side CT error
38 DI Err Binary input error
39 EquipPara Err Equipment parameter error
40 FLASH Check Err Falsh check error
41 Isol DC Failure Isolator DC failure
42 Isol Failure Isolator failure
43 NO/NC Discord NO/NC discordance
44 ROM Verify Err ROM verify error
45 Sample Data Err Sample data error
46 Sampling Err Sampling error
47 SamROM VerifyErr Sample ROM verify error
48 Set Group Err Setting group Error
49 Setting Err Setting error
50 Soft Version Err Software version error
51 SRAM Check Err SRAM check error
52 Start 3-Ph Err Startup three phase error
53 Start A-Ph Err Startup phase A error
Chapter 10 Appendix
120
No. Abbr. (LCD Display) Description
54 Start B-Ph Err Startup phase B error
55 Start C-Ph Err Startup phase C error
56 SysConfig Err System configuration error
57 TBC CB Discord Transfer bus coupler CB discordance
58 Test BO Un-reset Test binary output unreset
Chapter 10 Appendix
121
3 Typical connection
A. Single busbar with line side CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Figure 26 Typical connection diagram A
B. Single busbar with bus side CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Figure 27 Typical connection diagram B
Chapter 10 Appendix
122
C. Single busbar with tie disconnector (line side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 28 Typical connection diagram C
D. Single busbar with tie disconnector (bus side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 29 Typical connection diagram D
Chapter 10 Appendix
123
E. Single busbar with tie disconnector and one CT (line side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 30 Typical connection diagram E
F. Two single busbars connected with bus coupler and one CT (line side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 31 Typical connection diagram F
Chapter 10 Appendix
124
G. Two single busbars connected with bus coupler and one CT (bus side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 32 Typical connection diagram G
H. Two single busbars connected with bus coupler and two CTs (line side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 33 Typical connection diagram H
Chapter 10 Appendix
125
I. Two single busbars connected with bus coupler and two CTs (bus side CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Busbar-B
Figure 34 Typical connection diagram I
J. One and half breaker arrangement
Busbar-B
Busbar-A
CSC-
150
Chapter 10 Appendix
126
Figure 35 Typical connection diagram J
Chapter 10 Appendix
127
K. Double busbar with one coupler CT arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 36 Typical connection diagram K
L. Double busbar with two coupler CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 37 Typical connection diagram L
Chapter 10 Appendix
128
M. Main and transfer busbar with two coupler CTs (inside CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 38 Typical connection diagram M
N. Main and transfer busbar with two coupler CTs (outside CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 39 Typical connection diagram N
Chapter 10 Appendix
129
O. Main and transfer busbar with one coupler CTs (inside CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 40 Typical connection diagram O
P. Main and transfer busbar with one coupler CTs (outside CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 41 Typical connection diagram P
Chapter 10 Appendix
130
Q. Main and transfer busbar without coupler CTs (outside CTs) arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 42 Typical connection diagram Q
R. Main and main and/or transfer busbar with inside CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 43 Typical connection diagram R
Chapter 10 Appendix
131
S. Main and main and/or transfer busbar with outside CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
CSC-
150
Figure 44 Typical connection diagram S
T. Double main and transfer busbar with inside CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
Busbar-C
CSC-
150
Figure 45 Typical connection diagram T
Chapter 10 Appendix
132
U. Double main and transfer busbar with outside CTs arrangement
Busbar-A
Busbar-B
Busbar-C
CSC-
150
Figure 46 Typical connection diagram U
4 CT Requirement
4.1 Overview
In practice, the conventional magnetic- core current transformer (hereinafter
as referred CT) is not able to transform the current signal accurately in whole
fault period of all possible faults because of manufactured cost and
installation space limited. CT Saturation will cause distortion of the current
signal and can result in a failure to operate or cause unwanted operations of
some functions. Although more and more protection IEDs have been
designed to permit CT saturation with maintained correct operation, the
performance of protection IED is still depended on the correct selection of CT.
4.2 Current transformer classification
The conventional CTs are usually manufactured in accordance with the
standard, IEC 60044, ANSI / IEEE C57.13, ANSI / IEEE C37.110 or other
comparable standards, which CTs are specified in different protection class.
Currently, the CT for protection are classified according to functional
performance as follows:
Chapter 10 Appendix
133
Class P CT
Accuracy limit defined by composite error with steady symmetric primary
current. No limit for remanent flux.
Class PR CT
CT with limited remanence factor for which, in some cased, a value of the
secondary loop time constant and/or a limiting value of the winding
resistance may also be specified.
Class PX CT
Low leakage reactance for which knowledge of the transformer
secondary excitation characteristic, secondary winding resistance,
secondary burden resistance and turns ratio is sufficient to assess its
performance in relation to the protective relay system with which it is to
be used.
Class TPS CT
Low leakage flux current transient transformer for which performance is
defined by the secondary excitation characteristics and turns ratio error
limits. No limit for remanent flux
Class TPX CT
Accuracy limit defined by peak instantaneous error during specified
transient duty cycle. No limit for remanent flux.
Class TPY CT
Accuracy limit defined by peak instantaneous error during specified
transient duty cycle. Remanent flux not to exceed 10% of the saturation
flux..
Class TPZ CT
Accuracy limit defined by peak instantaneous alternating current
component error during single energization with maximum d.c. offset at
specified secondary loop time constant. No requirements for d.c.
component error limit. Remanent flux to be practically negligible.
TPE class CT (TPE represents transient protection and electronic type
CT)
4.3 Abbreviations (according to IEC 60044-1, -6, as defined)
Abbrev. Description
Esl Rated secondary limiting e.m.f
Chapter 10 Appendix
134
Eal Rated equivalent limiting secondary e.m.f
Ek Rated knee point e.m.f
Uk Knee point voltage (r.m.s.)
Kalf Accuracy limit factor
Kssc Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor
K’ssc
K”ssc
Effective symmetrical short-circuit current factor
based on different Ipcf
Kpcf Protective checking factor
Ks Specified transient factor
Kx Dimensioning factor
Ktd Transient dimensioning factor
Ipn Rated primary current
Isn Rated secondary current
Ipsc Rated primary short-circuit current
Ipcf protective checking current
Isscmax Maximum symmetrical short-circuit current
Rct Secondary winding d.c. resistance at 75 °C /
167 °F (or other specified temperature)
Rb Rated resistive burden
R’b = Rlead + Rrelay = actual connected resistive
burden
Rs Total resistance of the secondary circuit,
inclusive of the secondary winding resistance
corrected to 75℃, unless otherwise specified,
and inclusive of all external burden connected.
Rlead Wire loop resistance
Zbn Rated relay burden
Zb Actual relay burden
Tp Specified primary time constant
Ts Secondary loop time constant
4.4 General current transformer requirements
4.4.1 Protective checking current
The current error of CT should be within the accuracy limit required at
specified fault current.
To verify the CT accuracy performance, Ipcf, primary protective checking
current, should be chose properly and carefully.
For different protections, Ipcf is the selected fault current in proper fault
position of the corresponding fault, which will flow through the verified CT.
Chapter 10 Appendix
135
To guarantee the reliability of protection relay, Ipcf should be the maximum
fault current at internal fault. E.g. maximum primary three phase short-circuit
fault current or single phase earth fault current depended on system
sequence impedance, in different positions.
Moreover, to guarantee the security of protection relay, Ipcf should be the
maximum fault current at external fault.
Last but not least, Ipcf calculation should be based on the future possible
system power capacity
Kpcf, protective checking factor, is always used to verified the CT
performance
To reduce the influence of transient state, Kalf, Accuracy limit factor of CT,
should be larger than the following requirement
Ks, Specified transient factor, should be decided based on actual operation
state and operation experiences by user.
4.4.2 CT class
The selected CT should guarantee that the error is within the required
accuracy limit at steady symmetric short circuit current. The influence of short
circuit current DC component and remanence should be considered, based
on extent of system transient influence, protection function characteristic,
consequence of transient saturation and actual operating experience. To fulfill
the requirement on a specified time to saturation, the rated equivalent
secondary e.m.f of CTs must higher than the required maximum equivalent
secondary e.m.f that is calculated based on actual application.
For the CTs applied to transmission line protection, transformer differential
protection with 330kV voltage level and above, and 300MW and above
generator-transformer set differential protection, the power system time
constant is so large that the CT is easy to saturate severely due to system
transient state. To prevent the CT from saturation at actual duty cycle, TP
class CT is preferred.
Chapter 10 Appendix
136
For TPS class CT, Eal (rated equivalent secondary limiting e.m.f) is generally
determined as follows:
Where
Ks: Specified transient factor
Kssc: Rated symmetrical short-circuit current factor
For TPX, TPY and TPZ class CT, Eal (rated equivalent secondary limiting
e.m.f) is generally determined as follows:
Where
Ktd: Rated transient dimensioning factor
Considering at short circuit current with 100% offset
For C-t-O duty cycle,
t: duration of one duty cycle;
For C-t’-O-tfr-C-t”-O duty cycle,
t’: duration of first duty cycle;
t”: duration of second duty cycle;
tfr: duration between two duty cycle;
For the CTs applied to 110 - 220kV voltage level transmission line protection,
110 - 220kV voltage level transformer differential protection, 100-200MW
generator-transformer set differential protection, and large capacity motor
differential protection, the influence of system transient state to CT is so less
that the CT selection is based on system steady fault state mainly, and leave
proper margin to tolerate the negative effect of possible transient state.
Therefore, P, PR, PX class CT can be always applied.
For P class and PR class CT, Esl (the rated secondary limited e.m.f) is
generally determined as follows:
Kalf: Accuracy limit factor
Chapter 10 Appendix
137
For PX class CT, Ek (rated knee point e.m.f) is generally determined as
follows:
Kx: Demensioning factor
For the CTs applied to protection for110kV voltage level and below system,
the CT should be selected based on system steady fault state condition. P
class CT is always applied.
4.4.3 Accuracy class
The CT accuracy class should guarantee that the protection relay applied is
able to operate correctly even at a very sensitive setting, e.g. for a sensitive
residual overcurrent protection. Generally, the current transformer should
have an accuracy class, which have an current error at rated primary current,
that is less than ±1% (e.g. class 5P).
If current transformers with less accuracy are used it is advisable to check the
actual unwanted residual current during the commissioning.
4.4.4 Ratio of CT
The current transformer ratio is mainly selected based on power system data
like e.g. maximum load. However, it should be verified that the current to the
protection is higher than the minimum operating value for all faults that are to
be detected with the selected CT ratio. The minimum operating current is
different for different functions and settable normally. So each function should
be checked separately.
4.4.5 Rated secondary current
There are 2 standard rated secondary currents, 1A or 5A. Generally, 1 A
should be preferred, particularly in HV and EHV stations, to reduce the
burden of the CT secondary circuit. Because 5A rated CTs, i.e. I2R is 25x
compared to only 1x for a 1A CT. However, in some cases to reduce the CT
secondary circuit open voltage, 5A can be applied.
4.4.6 Secondary burden
Too high flux will result in CT saturation. The secondary e.m.f is directly
proportional to linked flux. To feed rated secondary current, CT need to
Chapter 10 Appendix
138
generate enough secondary e.m.f to feed the secondary burden.
Consequently, Higher secondary burden, need Higher secondary e.m.f, and
then closer to saturation. So the actual secondary burden R’b must be less
than the rated secondary burden Rb of applied CT, presented
Rb > R’b
The CT actual secondary burden R’b consists of wiring loop resistance Rlead
and the actual relay burdens Zb in whole secondary circuit, which is
calculated by following equation
R’b = Rlead + Zb
The rated relay burden, Zbn, is calculated as below:
Where
Sr: the burden of IED current input channel per phase, in VA;
For earth faults, the loop includes both phase and neutral wire, normally twice
the resistance of the single secondary wire. For three-phase faults the neutral
current is zero and it is just necessary to consider the resistance up to the
point where the phase wires are connected to the common neutral wire. The
most common practice is to use four wires secondary cables so it normally is
sufficient to consider just a single secondary wire for the three-phase case.
In isolated or high impedance earthed systems the phase-to-earth fault is not
the considered dimensioning case and therefore the resistance of the single
secondary wire always can be used in the calculation, for this case.
4.5 Rated equivalent secondary e.m.f requirements
To guarantee correct operation, the current transformers (CTs) must be able
to correctly reproduce the current for a minimum time before the CT will begin
to saturate.
4.5.1 Busbar differential protection
The busbar differential protection is able to detect CT saturation in extremely
short time and then block protection at external fault. The protection can
discriminate the internal or external fault in 2-3 ms before CT saturation. So
the currents from different class CT of different feeders are permitted to inject
into the protection relay. The rated secondary e.m.f of CTs is verified by
maximum symmetric short circuit current at external fault.
For P Class, PR class CT,
Chapter 10 Appendix
139
For TP class CT,
Ipcf: Maximum primary short circuit current at external faults (A)