CRS Report - International Terrorism and Transnational Crime (2010)

8/14/2019 CRS Report - International Terrorism and Transnational Crime (2010)

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@VP Ve{nv} gnv @ndbvepp[ve{ovem gnv Cecfevp odm @ncci}}eep ng @ndbvepp

Id}evdo}indoa ]evvnvipc odm ]vodpdo}indoa@vice: Peùvi}y ]lveo}p! U$P$ [nai`y! odm@ndpimevo}indp gnv @ndbvepp

Jnld VnaaidpO`}idb Pe`}ind Vepeov`l Codobev.P{eìoaip} id ]evvnvipc odm Do}indoaPeùvi}y

Aiodo Pud RyaevOdoayp} id Id}evdo}indoa @vice odm Dov`n}i`p

Pe}l VnpedVepeov`l Oppnìo}e

Joduovy 5! 6;?;

@ndbveppindoa Vepeov`l Pevwiè

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2/56

Id}evdo}indoa ]evvnvipc odm ]vodpdo}indoa @vice: ]lveo}p! [nai`y! odm @ndpimevo}indp


Puccovy]le idwnaweced} ng idpuvbed} odm e|}vecip} bvnu{p id `vicidoa o`}iwi}y ip od ippue }lo} lop feed o`ndèvd ng U$P$ omcidip}vo}indp gnv meòmep$ Id veèd} yeovp! pnce nfpevwevp lowe àoicem }lo}

id}evo`}indp fe}reed id}evdo}indoa }evvnvip}p odm vicidoap ove id`veopidb$ Ig }vue! e|{odmem aidhpfe}reed `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} de}rnvhp `nuam id`veope U$P$ wuadevofiai}y }n o}}o`h fy }evvnvip}bvnu{p ri}l edlodèm vicidoa o{ofiai}iep odm gidodìoa vepnuvèp$ Od e|{odmem vodbe ng `ncfidem `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} o`}iwi}y `nuam oapn ogge`} }le banfoa e`ndncy odm U$P$ gnveibd{nai`y bnoap! udmevcididb aiì} id}evdo}indoa `nccevè odm }le {vncn}ind ng bnnm bnwevdodèodm vuae ng aor$ ]lveo}p {npem fy o `vice }evvnvipc de|up coy fe {ov}iùaovay `loaaedbidb! op }lepòae odm do}uve ng }leiv `nn{evo}ind ove feaiewem }n wovy rimeay odm aici}em ode`mn}oa ewimedèaovbeay pevwep op }le fopip gnv ùvved} udmevp}odmidb ng }le {vnfaec$

U$P$ eggnv}p }n `ncfo} }le veao}indpli{ fe}reed `vice odm }evvnvipc ove o pufpe} ng fvnomev {nai`yvep{ndpep }n }vodpdo}indoa vice odm id}evdo}indoa }evvnvipc idmiwimuoaay$ Rliae ducevnup U$P$p}vo}ebiep odm {vnbvocp ove mepibdem }n `ncfo} id}evdo}indoa }evvnvipc odm }vodpdo}indoa `vice

pe{ovo}eay! gerev eggnv}p gnùp p{eìgiòaay nd ommveppidb }le `ndgauedè ng }le }rn$ ]lnpe eggnv}p}lo} mn e|ip} gnùp coiday nd ,?) lucod pcubbaidb odm àodmep}ide }evvnvip} }vowea! ,6) cndeyaoudmevidb odm }evvnvip} gidodìdb! odm ,0) dov`n}evvnvipc aidhp fe}reed mvub }voggi`hevp odm}evvnvip}p$ Cody ng }lepe eggnv}p! idàumidb }le `veo}ind ng }le Lucod Pcubbaidb odm ]voggi`hidb@ed}ev! }le venvbodizo}ind ng }le ]veopuvy Me{ov}ced}p Nggiè ng ]evvnvipc odm GidodìoaId}eaaibedè! odm }le e|{odmem e|}vo}evvi}nvioa juvipmi`}ind ou}lnvi}y }n idwep}ibo}e odm {vnpeù}eid}evdo}indoa dov`n}evvnvipc òpep! n`ùvvem id vep{ndpe }n }le o}}o`hp ng Pe{}ecfev ??! 6;;?$@ndbvepp {aoyem o aovbe vnae id pu`l eggnv}p! lnamidb o} aeop} eibl} leovidbp p{eìgiòaay nd pnceop{e`} ng `vicidoa }evvnvip} id}evo`}indp fe}reed }le edm ng 6;;; odm 6;;5$ Aebipao}ind }lo} lope|{odmem odm omjup}em obed`y ou}lnvi}iep! vepnuvèp! odm vep{ndpifiai}iep veao}em }n }le `vice}evvnvipc de|up idàumep }le UPO [O]VIN] O`} ,[$A$ ?;2 57)! }le Id}eaaibedè Vegnvc O`} odm]evvnvipc [vewed}ind O`} ng 6;;= ,[$A$ ?;2 =5


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@nd}ed}pId}vnmu`}ind $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ @vice ]evvnvipc [ov}devpli{p odm ]vodpgnvco}indp $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Cn}iwo}indp odm Mipid ed}iwep $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ @vice Op od E|}edpind ng ]evvnvip} Imenanby> $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

]le @vice ]evvnvipc ]nnafn|$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Gudmvoipidb }lvnubl @vicep $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Co}evioa odm Anbip}i`p Pu{{nv}$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

]vowea odm Pcubbaidb Pu{{nv} odm [vn}e`}ind$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Cndey Aoudmevidb$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

E|{ani}o}ind ng @nvvu{}ind odm Bo{p id }le Vuae ng Aor$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Id}evo`}ind ng ]evvnvipc odm @vice: @ope P}umiep$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Guaa @ndwevbedè.Gupind ng @vice odm ]evvnvip} Nvbodizo}indp: Mornnm IfvolicpM @nc{ody $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

]evvnvip} Nvbodizo}indp ri}l Id Lnupe @vicidoa P}vu`}uvep: Vewnau}indovy OvcemGnvèp ng @nancfio ,GOV@)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Meèd}voaizem ]evvnvip} @eaap ri}l Id Lnupe @vicidoa @o{ofiai}iep: 6;;= Comvim

Fncfevp $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ @noai}indp Fe}reed ]evvnvip} Bvnu{p odm @vicidoa Nvbodizo}indp: ]le ]oaifod $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6; @vicidoa Ed}ve{vedeuvp op ]evvnvip} P{eìoaip}p! Aioipndp! Goìai}o}nvp! odm

Bo}ehee{evp: Ofu Blomiyol! Cndzev Oa Hoppov odm Wih}nv Fnu}$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ]evvnvip} Nvbodizo}indp ri}l @vicidoa Pyc{o}lizevp: Lezfnaaol$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ]evvnvip} Nvbodizo}indp ri}l [evi{levoa @ndde`}indp }n @vicidoa Bvnu{p: Oa _oemo $$$$$$$$$$$$ 62 ]evvnvip} @eaap ri}lnu} Cojnv @vicidoa Idwnaweced}: 6;;5 Andmnd Fncfidbp $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6< Ocfibunup nv Udàeov Idwnaweced} Fe}reed ]evvnvip} odm @vicidoa Bvnu{p: Oa

Plofoof$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

@vicidoa Bvnu{p }lo} Upe Winaedè gnv [nai}iòa [uv{npep: Ce|i`np Ao Gociaio!@nancfiop Cemeaaid! I}oayp Cogio! odm Fvoziap [vipnd Bodbp$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Peae`}em U$P$ Bnwevdced} O`}indp Ommveppidb }le @ndgauedè ng Id}evdo}indoa ]evvnvipc

odm ]vodpdo}indoa Nvbodizem @vice$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng P}o}e$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Lucod Pcubbaidb odm ]voggi hidb @ed}ev ,LP]@) $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng }le ]veopuvy $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Nggiè ng ]evvnvip} Gidodìdb odm Gidodìoa @vicep ,]GG@)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Gidodìoa @vicep Edgnvèced} De}rnvh ,Gid@ED)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Nggi e ng Gnveibd Oppe}p @nd}vna ,NGO@)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng Megedpe ,MNM) $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng Jup}iè ,MNJ) $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Id}evdo}indoa Nvbodizem @vice Id}eaaibedè odm N{evo}indp @ed}ev ,IN@ 6)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ U$P$ Mvub Edgnvèced} Omcidip}vo}ind ,MEO)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ U$P$ Gemevoa Fuveou ng Idwep}ibo}ind ,GFI) $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Nggiè ng Nwevpeop [vnpeù}nvioa Mewean{ced} Oppip}odè odm ]voididb ,N[MO])

odm }le Id}evdo}indoa @vicidoa Idwep}ibo}iwe ]voididb Oppip}odè [vnbvoc,I@I]O[)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng Lnceaodm Peùvi}y ,MLP)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Iccibvo}indp odm @up}ncp Edgnvèced} ,I@E) $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Id}eaaibedè @nccudi}y$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$


4/56


5/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwiè ?

Id}vnmu`}ind]evvnvip} odm }vodpdo}indoa `vicidoa bvnu{p lowe andb plovem piciaov `lovo`}evip}i`p odm fnvvnrem}o`}i`p odm }e`ldiquep `nccnday op`vifem }n }le n}lev$ ? Lip}nviòa e|oc{aep oapn idmiò}e }lo}

pu`l bvnu{p coy mvig}! ewnawe! `ndwevbe! }vodpgnvc! nv n}levripe oa}ev }leiv imenanbiòacn}iwo}indp odm nvbodizo}indoa `nc{npi}ind }n o{{eov }n cici` eo`l n}lev$ 6 Id bedevoa! }leveo{{eovp }n fe o} aeop} }lvee {vicovy royp id rli`l `vice odm }evvnvipc coy nwevao{: ,?) }lvnublplovem }o`}i`p odm ce}lnmp! ,6) }lvnubl }le {vnèpp ng }vodpgnvco}ind gvnc nde }y{e ng bvnu{ }n}le n}lev nwev }ice! odm ,0) }lvnubl plnv} }evc nv andb }evc }vodpo`}ind fopem pevwiè gnv liveo`}iwi}iep fe}reed bvnu{p$0

]le bvnr}l ng idpuvbed} odm e|}vecip} bvnu{ idwnaweced} id `vicidoa o`}iwi}y ip nde }lo} lop feedo `ndèvd ng U$P$ omcidip}vo}indp gnv meòmep$= Op id}evdo}indoa }evvnvip} bvnu{p `nd}idue }n {npeo }lveo} }n U$P$ do}indoa peùvi}y odm op cody pubbep} }lo} }vodpdo}indoa nvbodizem `vice bvnu{pove e|{odmidb }leiv banfoa veo`l! pnce odoayp}p wier }le {n}ed}ioa `ndgauedè ng `vicidoa odm}evvnvip} o`}nvp! phiaap! vepnuvèp! odm winaed} }o`}i`p op o òupe gnv `ndèvd$5 ]le e|}ed} odm do}uve

ng vicidoa }evvnvip} veao}indpli{p! lnrewev! od wovy pibdigiòd}ay$ Rliae eggnv}p {vemo}e }le}evvnvip} o}}o`hp ng Pe{}ecfev ??! 6;;?! U$P$ {nai ycohevp odm nfpevwevp lowe }ohed o vederemid}evep} pidè }led }n `ndpimev }le {n}ed}ioa `ndgauedè ng `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} o`}nvp odmo`}iwi}iep$7

Id veèd} yeovp! pnce odoayp}p lowe imed}igiem o peviep ng {n}ed}ioaay mip}uvfidb }vedmp }lo} loplop}edem }le e|{odpind ng veao}indpli{p fe}reed }evvnvip} odm }vodpdo}indoa `vice bvnu{p$ Givp}!`vicidoa pydmiò}ep o{{eov }n fe bvnridb id pize! p`n{e! odm ocfi}ind$ Banfoaizo}ind lop e|}edmem}leiv }vodpdo}indoa veo`l rliae cojnv mewean{ced}p id }e`ldnanby! }vome! odm }le gidodìoaidmup}vy lowe {vnwimem }lec ri}l n{{nv}udi}iep }n e|{ani} wuadevofiai}iep id ecevbidb `vicidoape`}nvp! pu`l op `yfev`vice! `vemi} òvm gvoum! odm }vome fopem cndey aoudmevidb$ @vicidoa

?

Gnv }le {uv{npep ng }lip ve{nv}! `nud}evidpuvbedìep coy fe idàumem id mipùppindp ng }evvnvip} bvnu{p rled }lnpe`nud}evidpuvbedìep omn{} }evvnvip} aihe }o`}i`p op }nnap ng rovgove$ @nccnd ce}lnmp idàume àodmep}ide }vowea!puvweiaaodè }e`ldiquep! ewomidb ou}lnvi}iep! aoudmevidb cndey! odm upidb reo{ndp odm e|{anpiwep oboidp} bnwevdced}odm ìwiaiod }ovbe}p$ Gnv guv}lev mipùppind ng aidhp fe}reed `vice odm idpuvbed`y pee gnv e|oc{ae U$P$ Ovcy! @lo{}ev?: Idpuvbed`y odm @nud}evidpuvbed`y!@nud}evidpuvbed`y Gieam Coduoa ! GC 0 6=! Meècfev 6;;7$6 Pee gnv e|oc{ae Jnld Lnvbod odm Co| ]oyanv! [aoyidb }le Bveed @ovm Gidodìdb }le [vnwipindoa IVO! [ov} I!]evvnvipc odm [nai}iòa Winaedè ! Wna$ ??! Dn$ 6! ?9998 Pwod}e E$ @nvdeaa! Dov`n}i`p! Vomiòaipc! odm Ovcem @ndgai`}id @ed}voa Opio: ]le Ipaoci` Cnweced} ng Uzfehip}od! ]evvnvipc odm [nai}iòa Winaedè ! Wna$ ?2! Dn$ =! 6;;58 odmCi}`lea [$ Vn}l odm Cuvo} Pewev! ]le Huvmipl Rnvhevp [ov}y ,[HH) op o @vicidoa Pydmiò}e: Gudmidb ]evvnvipc]lvnubl Nvbodizem @vice! O @ope P}umy! P}umiep id @ndgai`} odm ]evvnvipc ! Wna$ 0;! 6;;2$0 Pee gnv e|oc{ae Poc Cuaaidp! [ovoaaeap Fe}reed @vice odm ]evvnvipc: o Pnìoa [py`lnanbiòa [evp{e`}iwe! P}umiepid @ndgai`} odm ]evvnvipc ! Wna$ 06! Dn$ 9! 6;;9$= Pee gnv e|oc{ae }le @aid}nd Omcidip}vo}indp Id}evdo}indoa @vice ]lveo} Oppeppced} ! Meècfev 6;;;$5 ]lip ve{nv} ip fopem nd udàoppigiem id}evwierp odm n{ed pnuvèp$ Rliae }le gnùp ng }lip ve{nv} ip nd }lveo}p }n U$P$peùvi}y id}evep}p codigep}em gvnc }evvnvip} nvbodizo}ind id}evdo}indoa nvbodizem `vice pydmiò}e {ov}devidbovvodbeced}p! i} ip ic{nv}od} }n dn}e }lo} }le ippue lop bovdevem }le o}}ed}ind ng }le rimev id}evdo}indoa peùvi}y`nccudi}y$ Gnv e|oc{ae! id Juay 6;;9! B< aeomevp ippuem }le gnaanridb p}o}eced}: re ove `ndèvdem ofnu} }le aidhpfe}reed }evvnvipc odm }vodpdo}indoa `vicidoa de}rnvhp$ ]lepe `ndwevbidb }lveo}p vequive o `ndp}od} u{mo}e ng nuvp}vo}ebiep! }ovbe}em ceodp odm fe}}ev `nnvmido}em cua}iao}evoa eggnv}p odm aor edgnvèced} idi}io}iwep$ B< Pucci}6;;9! Vep{ndpifae Aeomevpli{ gnv o Pup}oidofae Gu}uve! Juay


6/56


7/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwiè 0

ewnau}ind id}n o `vicidoa bvnu{ nv id}n o }evvnvip} bvnu{ }lo} ip me{edmed} nd `vicidoa {vnèemp gnvi}p gidodìoa puvwiwoa$?6

Nfpevwevp! lnrewev! mefo}e }le {vewoaedè odm id}edpi}y ng iaaiì} nn{evo}ind fe}reed vicidoaed}i}iep odm }evvnvip} bvnu{p$ Rliae `nn{evo}ind coy fe veao}iweay `nccnd id èv}oid

ìvùcp}odèp! pu`l op fe}reed }evvnvip} bvnu{p odm mvub }voggi`hevp! odoayp}p mipobvee ofnu}rle}lev `vicidoa }evvnvip} `nn{evo}ind }ohep {aoè id n}lev ìvùcp}odèp$ Mue }n }le `ncfido}indng cn}iwo}indp odm mipidèd}iwep gnv `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} ed}i}iep }n {ov}dev! cody `nd}edm }lo}cnp} `nn{evo}ind ip ai}}ae cnve }lod o plnv} }evc covviobe ng `ndwediedè }lo}! id cnp} òpep! riaadn} e|{odm feyndm deov }evc e{lecevoa fupidepp }iep$ Omwnò}ep ng }lip }lenvy oapn {nid} }nmip{evpem odm ou}ndncnup èaap ng winaed} Ipaocip}p op e|oc{aep ng ed}i}iep }lo} ove feaiewem }n`ndmu`} p{nvomi` vicidoa o`}iwi}y }n gidodìoaay pu{{nv} }evvnvipc veao}em n{evo}indp$ O ve{nv}ippuem fy }le Do}indoa Id}eaaibedè @nudìa id Meècfev 6;;=! fopem {vicoviay nd odoaypipnggevem fy dnd bnwevdced}oa e|{ev}p gvnc ovnudm }le rnvam! pu{{nv}p pu`l `ndàupindp:

]le veao}indpli{ fe}reed }evvnvip}p odm nvbodizem vicidoap riaa vecoid {vicoviay o co}}ev ng fupidepp! i$e$! }lo} }evvnvip}p riaa }uvd }n `vicidoap rln òd {vnwime gnvbem mnùced}p!pcubbaem reo{ndp nv aodmep}ide }vowea oppip}odè rleve }le }evvnvip}p oddn} {vnùve }lepebnnmp odm pevwièp nd }leiv nrd$ Nvbodizem `vicidoa bvnu{p! lnrewev! ove udaiheay }n gnvcandb }evc p}vo}ebi` oaaiodèp ri}l }evvnvip}p$ Nvbodizem `vice ip cn}iwo}em fy }le mepive }ncohe cndey odm }edmp }n vebovm ody o`}iwi}y feyndm }lo} vequivem }n egge`} {vngi} op fom gnvfupidepp$ Gnv }leiv {ov}! }evvnvip} aeomevp ove `ndèvdem }lo} }iep }n dnd imenanbiòa {ov}devpriaa id`veope }le `lodè ng pu`èppgua {naiè {ede}vo}ind nv }lo} {vngi}p riaa pemuè }legoi}lgua$?0

Mefo}e oapn `nd}iduep nwev rle}lev }le {n}ed}ioa `ndwevbedè ng }evvnvipc odm id}evdo}indoa`vice o`}iwi}iep plnuam fe {evèiwem op o leibl}edem peùvi}y }lveo} nv o fnnd gnv ic{vnwemme}e`}ind ng fn}l }y{ep ng ed}i}iep$ Pnce ovbue }lo} `ndwevbedè ic{aiep od id`veope id dn} nday}le gidodìoa vepnuvèp owoiaofae }n fn}l ed}i}iep! fu} oapn od ic{vnweced} id àodmep}ideò{ofiai}iep ng }leiv cecfevp odm od e|{odpind ng }le wovinup de}rnvhp benbvo{li` veo`l$ Pu`l

mewean{ced}p `nuam lowe debo}iwe ic{aiò}indp gnv deov odm andb }evc U$P$ peùvi}y id}evep}p$ IdGefvuovy 6;;9! gnv e|oc{ae! o} }le id}eaaibedè `nccudi}yp odduoa }lveo} oppeppced} leovidbfegnve }le Pedo}e Peae`} @ncci}}ee nd Id}eaaibedè! Mive`}nv ng Do}indoa Id}eaaibedè Meddip @$Faoiv p}o}em:

XNSvbodizem `vicidoap odm bvnu{p riaa id`veopidbay {npe o }lveo} }n U$P$ do}indoa peùvi}yid}evep}p fy edlodìdb }le o{ofiai}iep ng }evvnvip}p odm lnp}iae bnwevdced}p$$$$ ]le lodbe id}le p}vu`}uve odm }y{ep ng o`}iwi}iep `ndmu`}em fy }vodpdo}indoa `vicidoa bvnu{p ip cohidb i}id`veopidbay miggiùa} }n imed}igy odm o}}o`h }lec$ Id {ov}iùaov! }le id`veopidb {vewoaedè ng annpeay hdi} de}rnvhp! }le upe ng `yfevp{oè odm banfoa gidodìoa pyp}ecp! odm {nai}iòa

?6 P}ewed Lu}`lidpnd odm [o} N"Coaaey! O @vice ]evvnv De|up> ]lidhidb nd Pnce ng }le Aidhp fe}reed ]evvnvipcodm @vicidoai}y!P}umiep id @ndgai`} ' ]evvnvipc ! Wna$ l}}{:..rrr$idgnvcornvam$`nc.pc{{.}i}aetmf3oaat`nd}ed}3}2?02=6


8/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwiè =

`nvvu{}ind lop come i} eopiev gnv }lec }n lime }leiv idwnaweced}! }n }lrov} aor edgnvèced}eggnv}p! odm }n `veo}e icobep ng aebi}ico`y$?=

[n}ed}ioa aidhp fe}reed }evvnvipc odm `vicidoai}y `nuam id`veope U$P$ wuadevofiai}y }n o}}o`h fy}evvnvip} bvnu{p ri}l edlodèm `vicidoa ò{ofiai}iep odm gidodìoa vepnuvèp$ ]le `ncfidem upe ng

`vicidoa odm }evvnvip} bvnu{ vepnuvèp! o`èpp! odm ò{ofiai}iep `nuam ewed ic{vnwe }evvnvip} bvnu{n{{nv}udi}iep }n nf}oid odm upe reo{ndp ng copp mep}vu`}ind ,RCMp)$ Od e|{odmem vodbe ng `ncfidem `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} o`}iwi}y òd oapn ogge`} }le banfoa e`ndncy odm U$P$ gnveibd{nai`y bnoap! udmevcididb aiì} id}evdo}indoa `nccevè odm }le {vncn}ind ng bnnm bnwevdodèodm vuae ng aor$ @vice }evvnvipc de|up ippuep ove o} {aoy id pewevoa vebindp ng }le rnvam rleve }leU$P$ ciai}ovy odm n}lev U$P$ bnwevdced} obedìep lowe o {vepedè! idàumidb }le o`}iwe `ncfo}zndep id Ogblodip}od odm Ivoq$?5 ]le }lveo}p {npem fy o `vice }evvnvipc de|up coy fe {ov}iùaovay`loaaedbidb }n `ncfo} op veao}indpli{p fe}reed }le }rn bvnu{p ove `ndp}od}ay ewnawidb$

Pnce dewev}leaepp ovbue }lo} e|{odmem veao}indpli{p fe}reed }evvnvip}p odm vicidoap coy dn}ve{veped} od id`veopem }lveo} }n U$P$ id}evep}p$ Pu`l `naaofnvo}indp lowe }le {n}ed}ioa }n cohe }leo`}iwi}iep ng eo`l {ov}iì{o}idb ed}i}y n{oque nv id}vnmuè o leibl}edem aewea ng viph }n n{evo}indp$Pnce lowe guv}lev ovbuem }lo} op iaaiì} de}rnvhp e|{odm! }ley ove `loaaedbem fy pewevoan{evo}indoa aici}o}indp! idàumidb {vnfaecp ng }vup}! mip}odè! `nnvmido}ind! odm peùvi}y$?7 ]lepe{ov}devpli{p coy fvidb puvweiaaodè odm p`vu}idy gvnc bnwevdced} obedìep }lo} n}levripe cibl}dn} fe gnùpem nd }le ed}i}y$ Op o vepua}! i} ip {nppifae }lo} fn}l `vicidoa nvbodizo}indp odm}evvnvip} bvnu{p ove come picua}odenupay cnve wuadevofae }n me}e`}ind odm idgia}vo}ind$ N}levp{nid} }n }le aici}em owoiaofiai}y ng mnùced}o}ind }lo} mep`vifep }le pòae ng }evvnvip} bvnu{me{edmedè nd `vicidoa {vnèemp gnv gidodìoa wiofiai}y8 pu`l odoayp}p pubbep} i} ip {nppifae }lo}`vicidoa {vnèemp coy ve{veped} nday o pcoaa {nv}ind ng cnp} }evvnvip} gidodìdb$

Cody gemevoa me{ov}ced}p odm obedìep lowe {aodp odm {vnbvocp }lo} gnùp nd p{eìgi` op{e`}p ng od}i `vice nv `nud}ev }evvnvipc$ I} mnep dn} o{{eov! lnrewev! }lo} }le U$P$ bnwevdced} coid}oidpod nwevov`lidb do}indoa p}vo}eby nv {nai`y }n ommvepp `nc{veledpiweay }le `ndgauedè ng }evvnvipcodm }vodpdo}indoa `vice$ Rliae o `nc{veledpiwe bnwevdced} o{{vno`l }n `ncfo} }le de|up ng `vice odm }evvnvipc coy dn} fe deèppovy nv ve`nccedmem! i} ip dn} àeov }lod ody memiò}emrnvhidb bvnu{ lop feed ep}ofaiplem }n {vinvi}ize fn}l micedpindp ng }le de|up id equoa {ov}p odm}n ed`nuvobe `nnvmido}ind odm `naaofnvo}ind o`vnpp }le id}evobed`y$

Odoayp}p nfpevwe }lo} }leve vecoidp od id}eaaibedè odm vepeov`l bo{ id }le {vewoaedè! }lveo}! odmgu}uve }vedmp oppnìo}em ri}l vicidoa }evvnvip} aidhp$ Op o vepua}! i} ip miggiùa} }n opèv}oid rle}lev}lepe veao}indpli{p odm o``nc{odyidb viphp }n U$P$ peùvi}y id}evep}p ove id`veopidb! me`veopidb!nv coid}oididb }le poce lip}nviòa aewea ng o`}iwi}y$ ]lip ao`h ng od oppeppced} ip ic{nv}od}! op }ledo}indoa peùvi}y `nccudi}y coy fe o{{vno`lidb }le `ndgauedè ng }evvnvipc odm }vodpdo}indoa`vice fopem nd od oppuc{}ind }lo} oaa veao}indpli{p ove piciaovay `ndp}vu`}em odm {uvpuem gnvpiciaov cn}iwo}indp$ [vewoiaidb hdnraembe ng }le `nc{ae|i}y ng vice }evvnvipc veao}indpli{p

?= Meddip Faoiv! Mive`}nv ng Do}indoa Id}eaaibedè! p}o}eced} gnv }le ve`nvm! Odduoa ]lveo} Oppeppced} ng }leId}eaaibedè @nccudi}y! Pedo}e Peae`} @ncci}}ee nd Id}eaaibedè! Gefvuovy 6;;9! {{$ =; =?$?5 I} ip dn} deèppoviay }le òpe }lo} gnveibd anò}indp rleve }le U$P$ ciai}ovy lop o {vepedè ove oapn }le pnuvè ng }lebveo}ep} }lveo} gvnc `vice }evvnvipc id}evo`}indp$ Vebindp ng }le rnvam rleve }le Udi}em P}o}ep lop `vi}iòa e`ndnci`!peùvi}y! odm ben{nai}iòa id}evep}p! `nc{nudmem fy }le {n}ed}ioa viph ng `vicidoa }evvnvip} aidhp! coy idàume Vuppio odmn}lev gnvcev Pnwie} Udind do}indp! }le Foahodp! Rep} Ogviò! odm Pnu}l Oceviò$?7 Co}}e Eiap}vu{ Podbinwoddi odm @oawev} Jndep! Oppeppidb }le Modbevp ng Iaaiì} De}rnvhp: Rly Oa _oimo Coy FeAepp ]lveo}edidb ]lod Cody ]lidh! Id}evdo}indoa Peùvi}y! Wna$ 00! Dn$ 6! Goaa 6;;


9/56



idmiò}ep }lo} o `nc{veledpiwe p}vo}eby rnuam dn} ic{ay o nde pize gi}p oaa o{{vno`l8 vo}lev! i}rnuam ve`nbdize }lo} miggeved} {ov}devidb cnmeap vequive woviem o{{vno`lep }lo} lowe {nai`yic{aiò}indp p{oddidb }le gieamp ng do}indoa peùvi}y! id}eaaibedè! aor edgnvèced}! odmid}evdo}indoa mi{anco`y$

@vice#]evvnvipc [ov}devpli{p odm ]vodpgnvco}indp]le gnaanridb pe`}indp e|{anve }le udmevayidb vo}indoae gnv `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} bvnu{{ov}devpli{p op reaa op }le `ndmi}indp }lo} coy goìai}o}e }le ewnau}ind nv }vodpgnvco}ind ng o`vicidoa nv }evvnvip} bvnu{ id}n }le n}lev$ Nvbodizo}indp p}vubbaidb }n puvwiwe! riplidb }n e|{odm}leiv veo`l! peehidb }n mewean{ cnve pn{lip}iò}em phiaap odm }o`}i`p! nv pic{ay vequividb e|}evdoaoppip}odè gnv o p{eìgi`! nde }ice pevwiè coy veo`l nu} }n n}lev ed}i}iep gnv }leiv pu{{nv} odme|{ev}ipe! ewed ig pu`l ed}i}iep lowe miggeved} {lianpn{liòa nfje`}iwep$ @naaofnvo}ind òd pevwe opo gnvè cua}i{aiev gnv fn}l `vicidoa odm }evvnvip} bvnu{p! fnap}evidb }leiv ò{ofiai}iep!p}vedb}ledidb }leiv idgvop}vu`}uve! odm id`veopidb }leiv reoa}l$ Lnrewev! pu`l naaofnvo}indp oveoapn gvoubl} ri}l bveo} viph }n fn}l }y{ep ng ed}i}iep$ [ov}devidb ovvodbeced}p òd! o} }icep! aeom }n

pu`èppgua oaaiodèp! fu} }ley òd oapn lowe }le {n}ed}ioa ng pnridb }le peemp gnv mip}vup}!`nc{e}i}ind! odm n{{nv}udi}y gnv wuadevofiai}iep }n fe e|{ani}em$ ]le gnvco}ind ng pu`l{ov}devpli{p coy fvidb leibl}edem puvweiaaodè odm p`vu}idy gvnc bnwevdced} obedìep }lo}n}levripe cibl} dn} mewn}e vepnuvèp odm o}}ed}ind }n }le idmiwimuoa nvbodizo}indp odm veao}emo`}iwi}iep$ @nccnd cn}iwo}indp gnv vicidoa odm }evvnvip} nvbodizo}indp }n {ov}dev idàumegidodìoa wiofiai}y! benbvo{li` bvnr}l! {evpnddea {vn}e`}ind! anbip}iòa pu{{nv}! pu{{nv} ng cu}uoaay e|àupiwe `vicidoa o`}iwi}iep! odm }le id}vnmu`}ind ng }livm {ov}iep }n goìai}o}envbodizo}indoa bnoap! ocndb n}levp$ O} }icep! `vicidoa o`}iwi}y `ndmu }em fy }evvnvip}p coy fe ode|}edpind ng o bvnu{p imenanbiòa }ede}p$

Cn}iwo}indp odm Mipidèd}iwepGvnc }le {evp{e`}iwe ng o }evvnvip} nvbodizo}ind! }le {vicovy cn}iwo}ind gnv {ov}devidb nv omn{}idb`vicidoa }o`}i`p ip }n pup}oid odm bvnr }le nvbodizo}ind gnv {uv{npep ng {uvpuidb nv gidodìdb i}pimenanbiòa fopem o`}iwi}iep$ Nu} ng }lip pedpe ng {evèiwem deem! }le nvbodizo}ind coy }uvd }n nvveay cnve leowiay nd {ov}devidb ri}l `vicidoa pydmiò}ep gnv `nd}iduem wiofiai}y$?2 Ig }lip n`ùvp!pnce odoayp}p ovbue }lo} eggnv}p udmev}ohed }n fvnomed }le p`n{e odm veo`l ng }evvnvip}nvbodizo}indp coy {vnmuè wuadevofiai}iep }lo} òd fe e|{ani}em fy ou}lnvi}iep$ Id }uvd! }lepewuadevofiai}iep `nuam aeom }n ic{vnwem me}e`}ind odm mipvu{}ind ng fn}l }le }evvnvip} nvbodizo}indodm }le `vicidoa pydmiò}e$ Nwev }ice! }evvnvip} bvnu{p coy oapn fe`nce id`veopidbay cn}iwo}emfy }le au`vo}iwe do}uve ng }leiv iaaiì} gidodìdb o`}iwi}iep odm }vodpgnvc gvnc o bvnu{ }lo} ipcoiday imenanbiòa }n nde }lo} ip {vngi} mviwed$ Pnce ovbue }lo} }evvnvip} bvnu{p plovidb`lovo`}evip}i`p ri}l idpuvbed} bvnu{p coy fe {ov}iùaovay cn}iwo}em }n {ov}iì{o}e id `vicidoai}y!ep{eìoaay op o pnuvè ng gudmidb$?< Odoayp}p idmiò}e }lo} idpuvbedìep }edm }n vequive cnve

?2 Vi`lovm Fovve}}! ]le E`ndnci` @vipip: Oa#_oemop Vep{ndpe ! Roplidb}nd Idp}i}u}e gnv Deov Eop} [nai`y![nai`yro}`l #?=


10/56



lucod ò{i}oa odm vepnuvèp }n vecoid wiofae odm wier iaaiì} pnuvèp ng gudmidb op edofaidb pu`lbvnu{p }n {vnandb }leiv andbewi}y$

@nccnd mipidèd}iwep gnv {ov}devidb coy idàume id`veopem o}}ed}ind gvnc bnwevdced}ou}lnvi}iep8 geov ng nc{vncipidb id}evdoa peùvi}y8 imenanbiòa vepip}odè }n iaaiì} edmeownvp!

pu`l op mvub }voggi`hidb! himdo{{idb! odm gvoum8 odm puggiìed} pnuvèp ng dnd `vicidoa gudmidbgvnc `lovi}iep! aovbe {viwo}e mndnvp! aiì} fupideppep! odm p}o}e p{ndpnvp$ Dn}ofay! o bvnu{ }lo}idi}ioaay ownimp idwnaweced} ri}l `vicidoa o`}iwi}iep nv pydmiò}ep coy `lodbe i}p {npi}ind o} oao}ev {nid} ig nvibidoa gudmidb pnuvèp ove eaicido}em nv ig der n{{nv}udi}iep {veped} }lecpeawep$Pewevoa nfpevwevp idmiò}e }lo} pu`l mipidèd}iwep ove ocndb }le {vicovy veopndp rly }le `nveaeomevpli{ ng èv}oid id}evdo}indoa }evvnvip} bvnu{p pu`l op Lezfnaaol odm Oa _oemo! rli`l lowen}lev au`vo}iwe gudmidb pnuvèp! ip dn} hdnrd }n fe pibdigiòd}ay {ov}devem ri}l }vodpdo}indoa`vicidoa bvnu{p$

Gvnc }le {evp{e`}iwe ng }le `vicidoa pydmiò}e! cn}iwo}indp gnv `nn{evo}idb ri}l }evvnvip}nvbodizo}indp idàume }le deov pidbuaov {uv{npe ng id`veopidb }le gidodìoa reaa feidb ng }le`vicidoa bvnu{$ Cody odoayp}p oppuce }lo} `vicidoa pydmiò}ep mepive gnv o`èpp }n iaaiì} gudmp

riaa nu}reibl {n}ed}ioa viphp oppnìo}em ri}l }le {evèiwem pu{{nv} gnv }le imenanbiòa oicp ng o}evvnvip} bvnu{$?9 Id pnce reaa hdnrd idp}odèp! ev}oid vicidoa bvnu{p{ov}iùaovay }lnpe }lo}ove veao}iweay ynudbev! pcoaaev! odm cnve annpeay nvbodizem }lod }vomi}indoaay lievov`liòapydmiò}eplowe fe`nce imenanbiòaay vomiòaizem odm o`}iweay {uvpue n{evo}indp }lo} riaa dn}nday vepua} id au`vo}iwe iaaiì} {vngi}p fu} oapn guv}lev }le bnoap ng o }evvnvip} bvnu{$ Id n}levpi}uo}indp! anrev e`leandp id o }evvnvip} nvbodizo}ind coy dn} gnaanr }le mive`}iwep ng i}p aeomevp }np}oy oroy gvnc o `vicidoa nvbodizo}ind ,nv wiè wevpo) odm coy udiao}evoaay meìme }n {ov}dev nu}ng ed}ve{vedeuvpli{ nv deèppi}y$ Pnce odoayp}p pubbep} }lo} }lip {ledncednd coy n`ùv ri}lbveo}ev vebuaovi}y biwed }le banfoa gidodìoa `vipip! }le {nppifiai}y }lo} p}o}e p{ndpnvp ng }evvnvipcnv n}lev }vomi}indoa mndnvp coy dn} fe {vnwimidb }le poce aewea ng vepnuvèp op id }le {op}! odm }leid`veopidbay meèd}voaizem do}uve ng }evvnvip} bvnu{p$

Op ri}l }evvnvip} nvbodizo}indp! `nccnd mipidèd}iwep gvnc }le {evp{e`}iwe ng `vicidoa bvnu{pidàume id`veopem odm udrod}em o}}ed}ind gvnc ou}lnvi}iep! viph ng idgia}vo}ind! odm leibl}edemwuadevofiai}y ng nvbodizo}ind aeomevpli{ }n ò{}uve$ @vicidoa bvnu{p oaveomy id `nd}vna ng au`vo}iwevewedue p}veocp coy dn} gidm }le {n}ed}ioa ommi}indoa fupidepp ri}l }evvnvip} bvnu{p puggiìed} }nnu}reibl }le `np}p$ @vicidoa bvnu{p coy oapn n{} }n ownim `naaofnvo}ind ri}l }evvnvip} bvnu{p ig pu`l id}evo`}indp rnuam mipvu{} }leiv veao}indpli{p ri}l `nvvu{} bnwevdced} nggiìoap rln overiaaidb }n goìai}o}e vicidoa o`}iwi}iep! fu} dn} }evvnvipc veao}em ndep$

Idmiwimuoa bvnu{p coy oapn }vodpi}ind oandb od o{{oved} `vice }evvnvipc `nd}iduuc nwev }ice!}vodpi}indidb }n nv gvnc o cnp}ay imenanbiòaay cn}iwo}em nvbodizo}ind odm o cnp}ay {vngi}nvied}em nde$ @ndmi}indp }lo} me}evcide }le aiheailnnm ng `ndgauedè idàume }le ao`h ng id lnupeò{ofiai}iep odm }le mecodm gnv p{eìoa phiaap }n `ndmu`} {ov}iùaov n{evo}indp8 wovio}indp id viph codobeced} odm fovvievp }n ed}vy! pu`l op ùa}uvoa! veaibinup! nv imenanbiòa miggevedèp8cn}iwo}indp! pu`l op bveem nv deèppi}y gnv nvbodizo}indoa wiofiai}y8 }le do}uve ng }le n{evo}indoaedwivndced}! idàumidb {vepedè ng `nc{e}i}nvp! odm }le n{{nv}udi}y gnv `nd}o`} ri}l odm }lep}vedb}l ng veao}indp fe}reed }evvnvip} odm `vicidoa eaeced}p$

?9 Pee gnv e|oc{ae vecovhp fy U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng }le ]veopuvyp Oppip}od} Pe`ve}ovy gnv ]evvnvip} Gidodìdb Mowim P$@nled! }n }le Oceviòd Fodhevp Oppnìo}ind Cndey Aoudmevidb Edgnvèced} @ndgevedè! N`}nfev ?6! 6;;9$


11/56



@vice Op od E|}edpind ng ]evvnvip} Imenanby>Gnv pnce }evvnvip} bvnu{p! `vicidoa o`}iwi}y o{{eovp }n fe od e|}edpind ng }evvnvip} imenanby$ Gnvn}levp! }leve ip o {vewoiaidb vo}indoae }n p}eev àeov ng o`}iwi}iep }lo} rnuam }ovdipl }leiv aebi}ico`yocndb }leiv }ovbe} oumiedèp nv }le {evèiwem {uvi}y ng }leiv imeoap odm bnoap$ Ce|i`np Zo{o}ip}o

Do}indoa Aifevo}ind Ovcy ,EZAD)! gnv e|oc{ae! lop `lnped }n ofp}oid gvnc }le au`vo}iwe iaaeboamvub }vome }lo} ganrp }lvnubl i}p oveop ng n{evo}ind id Pnu}levd Ce|i`n$6; N}lev bvnu{p wier }leivimenanby op `nc{o}ifae ri}l èv}oid }y{ep ng `vicidoa o`}iwi}y! pu`l op mvub }voggi`hidb$ ]leVewnau}indovy Ovcem Gnvèp ng @nancfio ,GOV@) ip o `nccnday ì}em e|oc{ae ng }le ao}}ev$6? Pewevoa odoayp}p! lnrewev! vecoid phe{}iòa }lo} cody }evvnvip} bvnu{ cecfevp rnuam fuy id}n odimenanbiòa vo}indoae gnv edbobidb id `vicidoa o`}iwi}iep$ Pnce lowe ovbuem }lo} }evvnvip} bvnu{pcoy wier `vicidoa o`}iwi}iep aihe mvub }voggi`hidb aepp op od egge`}iwe }nna }n fvidb o}}ed}ind }n}leiv òupep! fu} vo}lev op od e|ùpe }n edbobe id }le `vicidoa o`}iwi}y gnv {vngi}$ I} ip oapn {nppifae}lo} pu`l jup}igiò}indp ove ceveay vle}nvi` }n ownim }le mege`}ind ng lovm aide }evvnvip} bvnu{cecfevp nv }n {vewed} oaiedo}idb pnce ng }le derev! `vicidoaay phiaaem cecfevp$

Veèd} {n{uaov ai}evo}uve lop liblaibl}em Ipaocip} jup}igiò}indp gnv edbobidb id `vicidoa o`}iwi}y!

vodbidb gvnc mvub }voggi`hidb }n `yfev gvoum }n fodh vnffevy$ Nde ng }le eovaiep} e|oc{aep ng pu`l jup}igiò}indp ip o Lezfnaaol go}ro gvnc }le ?96= O piciaov jup}igiò}ind rop oapn ve{nv}emay come fy o aeomev ng Go}ol oa Ipaoc! od Oa _oemo aidhem bvnu{! rln p}o}em: P}eoaidb cndey gvnc }le idgimeap! gvnc

}le upuvinup fodhp odm }le idp}i}u}indp rli`l feandb }n }le idgimea vebicep odm p}o}ep! ip o aeboa}lidb rli`l Oaaol lop {evci}}em up }n mn$ ]lip cndey ip feidb peizem gvnc }lec odm idp}eommive`}em }nrovmp jilom$65 [vinv }n lip e|eù}ind gnv lip oaaebem vnae id }le Foai dibl}àuffncfidbp id 6;;6! odn}lev JI cecfev! Icvod Pocumvo! ve{nv}emay ed`nuvobem op{ividb jilomip}p}n edbobe id lo`hidb odm ndaide `vemi} òvm gvoum odm cndey aoudmevidb id od ou}nfinbvo{ly lervn}e id {vipnd$67

6; @lvip Miplcod! ]evvnvipc! @vice! odm ]vodpgnvco}ind! P}umiep id @ndgai`} odm ]evvnvipc ! Wna$ 6=! 6;;?! {$ ==$Dn}ofay! }le EAZD ip dn} o U$P$ mepibdo}em G]N$6? Pee gnv e|oc{ae Ed`yàn{emio ng ]evvnvipc ! Lovwey R$ Hupldev! em$! Pobe [vepp! 6;;6! {$ 656$66 @i}em id Ve| O$ Lumpnd e} oa$! O Banfoa Nwevwier ng Dov`n}i`p Gudmem ]evvnvip} odm N}lev E|}vecip} Bvnu{p!Gemevoa Vepeov`l Miwipind! Aifvovy ng @ndbvepp! Coy 6;;6! {$ ?;$60 U$P$ Me{ov}ced} ng Jup}iè ,MNJ)! Cecfev ng Ogblod ]oaifod Ped}edèm }n Aige id [vipnd id Do}indp Givp}@ndwi`}ind nd Dov`n ]evvnv @lovbep! {vepp veaeope! Meècfev 66! 6;;


12/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwi`e P}umiep id @ndgai`} odm ]evvnvipc ! Wna$ 0?! Dn$ ?! 6;;


19/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwiè ?5

Mornnm Ifvolicp M @nc{ody! o 5!;;; cecfev`vicidoa pydmiò}e n{evo}idb cnp}ay id [ohip}od! Idmio!odm }le Udi}em Ovof Ecivo}ep! {vnwimep od e|oc{ae ng }le `vicidoa }evvnvipc gupind cnmea$ ]le U$P$Me{ov}ced} ng ]veopuvy mepibdo}em Ifvolic op o

P{eìoaay Mepibdo}em Banfoa ]evvnvip} ,PMB]) udmevE|eù}iwe Nvmev ?066= id N`}nfev 6;;0$ 7; Id Jude 6;;7![vepimed} Benvbe R$ Fupl mepibdo}em lic! op reaa op lipM @nc{ody nvbodizo}ind! op o Pibdigiòd} GnveibdDov`n}i`p ]voggi`hev udmev }le Gnveibd Dov`n}i`pHidb{id Mepibdo}ind O`} ,leveog}ev Hidb{id O`})$7? M@nc{ody ip ve{nv}emay idwnawem id pewevoa `vicidoao`}iwi}iep! idàumidb e|}nv}ind! pcubbaidb! dov`n}i`p}voggi`hidb! odm nd}vo`} hiaaidb$76 ]le nvbodizo}ind lop oapn ve{nv}emay idgia}vo}em }le Idmiod giaccohidb idmup}vy! e|}nv}idb {vnmuèvp! oppoppido}idb mive`}nvp! mip}vifu}idb cnwiep! odm {ivo}idbgiacp$70

Ifvolic febod op o `vicidoa p{eìoaip} id Fncfoy! Idmio! givp} op o anr aewea pcubbaev id }le?92;p odm ao}ev op }le aeomev ng o {nay vice pydmiò}e$ Le gnvcem o }lviwidb `vicidoa ed}ev{vipe}lvnublnu} }le ?9dov`n.mvubp${mg$76 Puci}o Povhov odm Ovwidm ]irovi! @ncfo}idb Nvbodipem @vice: O @ope P}umy ng Cucfoi @i}y! Goua}aidep! Wna$?6! 6;;6$70 Bvebnvy G$ ]vewev}nd e} oa$!Giac [ivo`y! Nvbodizem @vice! odm ]evvnvipc ! VODM @nv{nvo}ind! 6;;9! {{$ ?6< ?05$7= Vyod @aovhe odm P}uov} Aee! ]le [IVO! M @nc{ody! odm }le @vice ]evvnv De|up!]evvnvipc odm [nai}iòaWinaedè! Wna$ 6;! Dn$ 0! Juay 6;;

Mornnm Ifvolicp M#@nc{ody Fopep ng N{evo}ind: [ohip}od! Idmio!

odm }le Udi}em Ovof Ecivo}ep$

Hdnrd @vicidoa Aidhp: Lucodpcubbaidb! reo{ndp odm mvubp}voggi`hidb! e|}nv}ind odm {vn}e`}indvo`he}p! odm cndey aoudmevidb$

U$P$ Bnwevdced} O`}indp: Imed}igiemop o P{eìoaay Mepibdo}em Banfoa]evvnvip} ,6;;0) odm o Pibdigiòd}Gnveibd Dov`n}i`p ]voggi`hev ,6;;7)$


20/56



Cucfoi id Dnwecfev 6;;


21/56



id lnupe vicidoa p}vu`}uve$2= ]le GOV@ lop andb feed idwnawem id `vicidoa o`}iwi}iep$ Gnv yeovp!}le nvbodizo}ind lop ncci}}em fncfidbp! oppoppido}indp! odm himdo{{idbp ng @nancfiodbnwevdced} nggiìoap odm ìwiaiodp! op reaa op {ev{e}vo}idb cnve `ndwed}indoa ciai}ovy o}}o`hpoboidp} bnwevdced} odm e`ndnci` }ovbe}p$25 Himdo{{idbp odm e|}nv}ind! odm ao}ev mvub }voggi`hidb!ove ocndb }le GOV@p {vicovy pnuvèp ng gudmidb gnv i}p n{evo}indp$27

Pnce nfpevwevp pubbep} }le GOV@ lop fe`nce pnme{edmed} nd i}p idwnaweced} id }le mvub }vome }lo} i}pdov`n}i` n{evo}indp coy lowe puv{oppem! o} aeop}}ec{nvoviay! i}p }evvnvip} o`}iwi}iep id ic{nv}odè odmp`n{e$22 I} ip oapn feaiewem }n lowe ed}evem id}n p}vo}ebiòaaiodèp ri}l e|}evdoa `vicidoa pydmiò}ep odm n}lev}evvnvip} nvbodizo}indp$2< Id Coy 6;;0! [vepimed} Fupldocem }le GOV@ o Pibdigiòd} Gnveibd Dov`n}i`p]voggi`hev {uvpuod} }n }le Hidb{id O`}$29 ]lvee GOV@}evvnvip}p feòce id Cov`l 6;;6 }le givp} cecfevp ng ohdnrd }evvnvip} nvbodizo}ind idmi`}em id }le Udi}em

P}o}ep gnv mvub }voggi`hidb$


22/56


@ndbveppindoa Vepeov l Pevwi`e ?

Documents

CRS Report - International Terrorism and Transnational Crime (2010)