Cross-country Analysis of Approaches, Set-up of EPA ... · Französische Str. 23 10117 Berlin Telefon 030 293330 – 0 ... List of measuresList of measures 11 44..664.6 6. Calculation6

The sole responsibility for the content of this document lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Cross-country Analysis of Approaches, Set-up of EPA-Framework and Benchmarks

Preparation for the Energy Performance Assessments of School Buildings

Berliner Energieagentur GmbH Französische Str. 23 10117 Berlin Telefon 030 293330 – 0 Telefax 030 293330 – 99 e-mail: [email protected]

by

Claudia Alt

Projekt-Nr. 06301

Updated version: 27th January 2009

[[[[ WP 3: Report of cross-country analysis of approaches, set-up of EPA-framework and benchmarks

© Berliner Energieagentur GmbH Seite 2

R:\CS\Projekte\KG_EU\06301_IEE_CHECKITOUT\work_packages\Wp 3_EPAs\090203_report_WP3_updated final version.doc

Contents

1111 PrefacePrefacePrefacePreface 4444

2222 SummarySummarySummarySummary 4444

3333 Cross country analysis of approachCross country analysis of approachCross country analysis of approachCross country analysis of approaches for Energy Performance es for Energy Performance es for Energy Performance es for Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)Assessments (EPAs)Assessments (EPAs)Assessments (EPAs) 6666

4444 SetSetSetSet----up of EPAup of EPAup of EPAup of EPA----framework and benchmarksframework and benchmarksframework and benchmarksframework and benchmarks 8888

4.14.14.14.1 1. First contact / person 1. First contact / person 1. First contact / person 1. First contact / person ---- Communication advice: Communication advice: Communication advice: Communication advice: 8888

4.24.24.24.2 2. Questionnaire2. Questionnaire2. Questionnaire2. Questionnaire for documents for documents for documents for documents 9999

4.34.34.34.3 3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at 3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at 3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at 3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at site visitsite visitsite visitsite visit 10101010

4.44.44.44.4 4. Inspection of the school / at site visit4. Inspection of the school / at site visit4. Inspection of the school / at site visit4. Inspection of the school / at site visit 10101010

4.54.54.54.5 5. Devel5. Devel5. Devel5. Development of suitable energy saving measuresopment of suitable energy saving measuresopment of suitable energy saving measuresopment of suitable energy saving measures 11111111 List of measuresList of measuresList of measuresList of measures 11

4.64.64.64.6 6. Calculation6. Calculation6. Calculation6. Calculation 12121212

4.74.74.74.7 7. Report7. Report7. Report7. Report 12121212

4.84.84.84.8 8. Presentation and Discussi8. Presentation and Discussi8. Presentation and Discussi8. Presentation and Discussion of the Report / Developing of an on of the Report / Developing of an on of the Report / Developing of an on of the Report / Developing of an ActionplanActionplanActionplanActionplan 13131313

4.94.94.94.9 9. Prospect: Following Steps9. Prospect: Following Steps9. Prospect: Following Steps9. Prospect: Following Steps 13131313

5555 BenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarks 13131313

6666 Annex: Evaluation of the questionnaire Annex: Evaluation of the questionnaire Annex: Evaluation of the questionnaire Annex: Evaluation of the questionnaire –––– answers given by the answers given by the answers given by the answers given by the country country country country partnerspartnerspartnerspartners 15151515

B. State of EPBD legislation 15151515

B.1. What is the state of EPBDs legislation in your country? 15151515

B.2. Which regulations will/do follow from EPBDs legislation on school buildings? 16161616

B.3. Which regulations regarding EPAs methodology are/will be included? 16161616

C. Existing EPA tools and approach 17171717

C.1. Is there any „official“ guideline / tool in your country? 17171717

C.2. Is there something like a “common practice” to do EPAs in your country? 18181818

C.3. Is there a technical standard / guideline to do a climate correction on buildings consumption values in your country? 18181818

C.4. How is heat and electricity usually calculated / measured for the energy billing of school buildings? 19191919




C.5. Are there published benchmarks / characteristic values for energy consumption of school buildings in your country? 19191919

C.6. Are the following informations and documents usually available in school buildings? 20202020

C.7. Does your company regularly generate EPAs? 21212121

D. EPA input in „Check it out“ 22222222

D.1. Do you have (printed) material that is useful to develop an EPA-methodology for “Ceck it out!”? 22222222

D.2. Do you have software tools, that are useful for the EPAs in “Check it out!”? 23232323

E. Interactions 24242424

E.1. Do you know running or finished projects that should have some helpful results/ tools for „Check it out!“ 24242424

E.2. Do you know / suggest project, where “check it out!” should try to exchange with? 26262626

F: Specifics, ideas, suggestions 27272727



1 Preface

The Check it out! energy at school project is a overall approach to sustainable schools. Therefore it combines technical and organisational means of energy saving within the school building with teaching modules about the climate change.

To spread this unique approach both technical and educational partners, from Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, Spain and the Netherlands, work together to support schools.

Aiming on checking and improving the energy performance of schools, one essential step is performing Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs) and defining measures.

The present report gives a survey about the different approaches concerning energy performance assessments in the partner countries and the common frame-work for performing EPAs.

2 Summary

To compare the different approaches concerning Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs) in the partner countries, the Berliner Energieagentur GmbH (BE) developed a questionnaire with the following subject areas:

• EPBDEPBDEPBDEPBD:::: National state, impact for schools, guidelines

• EPAs:EPAs:EPAs:EPAs: Experiences, national practice, guidelines, available tools

• BenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarks:::: National guidelines, sources, practice

• InteractionsInteractionsInteractionsInteractions:::: Other projects and possibilities to connect

The overall outcome can be described as follows:

The European Building Directive (EPBD) is already implemented into national law nearly in all partner countries. Although an impact on the energy performance of schools – new and existing ones - is expected due to the adopted regulations, there are also doubts concerning the effectiveness.

As the partners of the “old” EU of the consortium regularly perform EPAs, they can share a lot of experience with the partners.

In most of the partner countries official regulations to calculate the energy performance due the EPBD exist. However, they are very complex and therefore the labour costs seem to be too high for smaller properties. Manuals and calculation tools of the partners used in the past are available only in national languages.

There are other international projects working on related topics. The consortium will try to keep in contact with these project partners. Mentioned should be the projects REDUCE, BRITA in PUBs, Epa NR and DATAMINE.




The development of framework for the performance of EPAs and benchmarks is in advanced progress.

The following table shows the steps to perform an EPA and helpful tools:

STEPSSTEPSSTEPSSTEPS TOOLSTOOLSTOOLSTOOLS

1. First Contact(s) Communication advice

2. Questionnaire for documents Questionnaire

3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at site visit

Tool for benchmarking

4. Inspection, at site visit Inspection list

5. Development of (suitable) measures and recommendations

List of measures, recommendations

6. Calculation Calculation tool, national prices of technical measures (within the list of measures)

7. Report Template of the structure

8. Presentation / Discussion Template of the structure

Communication advice

Implementation Advice, Guideline

Control Advice, Guideline

Table 2-1: Overview of relevant steps and tools to perform EPAs

Some tools and lists advice are already available, some are in advanced progress or in discussion among the technical partners of the project.




3 Cross country analysis of approaches for Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)

To compare the different approaches concerning Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs) in the partner countries, the Berliner Energieagentur GmbH (BE) developed a questionnaire to the following subject areas:

• EPBD:EPBD:EPBD:EPBD: National state, impact for schools, guidelines

• EPAEPAEPAEPAs:s:s:s: Experiences, national practice, guidelines, available tools

• Benchmarks:Benchmarks:Benchmarks:Benchmarks: National guidelines, sources, practice

• Interactions:Interactions:Interactions:Interactions: Other projects and possible links to connect

The detailed questions of the questionnaire and the summarised answers of the project partners are available in the annex.

The evaluation of the questionnaire gives an insight of the situation in the partner countries referring to the topics:

EEEEuropean uropean uropean uropean BBBBuilding Directive (EPBD)uilding Directive (EPBD)uilding Directive (EPBD)uilding Directive (EPBD)

The EPBD is now implemented nearly in all partner countries. Nearly means: For the Netherlands the existing draft is not yet EC approved. In Germany exists also a draft version, which is expected to get into law in autumn of 2007. In Hungary there are missing regulations in the passed law concerning the certification of buildings or the education of the independent energy experts. Both in Bulgaria and Spain the implementation process is completed.

The impact of the EPBD on schools in the partner countries constitutes as building regulations to new and - in case of renovation - of existing buildings. Another important point is the obligatory building certificate, which is to be placed central in the buildings. Only in The Netherlands building certificates are not obligatory for schools as these are not direct liable to legal authorities.

With Hungary as the exception there are official regulations or guidelines for calculation of the Energy Performance of school buildings in the national implementation of the EPBD.

Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)Energy Performance Assessments (EPAs)

In most of the partner countries a common practice combined with a guideline for the performance of EPAs exists. In Germany obliging guidelines exist only in the context of furtherance. For Spain a template of the communidad of Madrid is often used.

In most of the partner countries official regulations to calculate the energy performance due the EPBD exist (see above). However, they are very complex and therefore the labour costs seem to be too high for smaller properties.

The technical partner institutes of the consortium ecofys NL (The Netherlands), Berliner Energieagentur GmbH (Germany) and ecofys ES (Spain) reguarly perform EPAs. For this purpose manuals and calculation tools are available in the national languages.




BenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarksBenchmarks

There are lists of benchmarks of schools in Germany, The Netherlands and Spain available. In Germany there is a technical guideline (VDI 3808), which regulates the performing of benchmarks and provides guide and mean values for different School types (and other buildings). Moreover the Ministry of Building will publish benchmarks for comparable buildings in the context of the implementation of the EPBD.

InteractionsInteractionsInteractionsInteractions

As relevant other international projects related to the topics of CHECK IT OUT! REDUCE, BRITA in PUBs, Epa NR and DATAMINE were identified.

SummarySummarySummarySummary

The overall outcome can be described as follows:

The European Building Directive (EPBD) is already implemented into national law nearly in all partner countries. Although an impact on the energy performance of schools – new and existing ones - is expected due to the adopted regulations, there are also doubts concerning the effectiveness.

As the partners of the “old” EU of the consortium regularly perform EPAs, they can share a lot of experience with the partners.

In most of the partner countries official regulations to calculate the energy performance due the EPBD exist. However, they are very complex and therefore the labour costs seem to be too high for smaller properties. Manuals and calculation tools of the partners used in the past are available only in national languages. Therefore some will have to be developed for the project.

There are other international projects working on related topics. Mentioned should be the projects REDUCE

1, BRITA in PUBs

2, Epa NR

3 and DATAMINE

4. The

consortium should try to get and keep in contact with these projects and their partners.

1 Retrofitting in Educational Buildings

2 Bringing Retrofit Innovation to Application; follow project of REDUCE

3 Implemention of the the EPBD for Non Residential Buildings in the EU. dissemination of

the available knowledge

4 Experiences in data collection and analysis on a practical level and draw conclusions for

establishing harmonised monitoring systems by using Energy Performance Certificates as a data source




4 Set-up of EPA-framework and benchmarks

The Berliner Energieagentur GmbH (BE), as work package leader, made a compilation of the relevant steps of an EPA and discussed it with the partners during the 2

nd project meeting in Rousse, Bulgaria.

They were developed in the further course of the project. The tools or at least approaches with a check mark are available.

STEPSSTEPSSTEPSSTEPS TOOLSTOOLSTOOLSTOOLS

1. First Contact(s) Communication advice (√)

2. Questionnaire for documents Questionnaire (√)

3. First evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at site visit

Tool for benchmarking (√)

4. Inspection, at site visit Inspection list (√!)

5. Development of (suitable) measures and recommendations

List of measures, recommendations

(√)

6. Calculation

Calculation tool, list of national prices of technical measures (together with the List of measures)

(-)

7. Report Template of the structure (√)

8. Presentation / Discussion Template of the structure (-)

Communication advice (-)

Implementation Advice, Guideline (-)

Control Advice, Guideline (-)

Table 4-1: Overview of relevant steps and tools to perform EPAs

4.14.14.14.1 First contact / person First contact / person First contact / person First contact / person ---- Communication adviCommunication adviCommunication adviCommunication advice: ce: ce: ce:

The following questions the expert should regard, when he or she has the first contact:

� Who is he / she – what function / responsibility

� What does he / she want – what is the aim / what is the wish

� What is the background – duty / engagement

� Who is responsible for

• constructional / technical maintainance?

• payment of energy bills?

• energy issues / benchmarking?




• Serving at site (regularly the caretaker)?

� Who is the contact person at site

� Make a date for a visit at site – round table / inspection with the responsible person at site

Moreover there is the advice: Listen “between the spoken lines”!

� what is the background

� What are the neighbour fields: health, educational concepts, security issues, etc.

� what is the aim / wishes

� What people are responsible

� Who is engaged

Table 4-2: Questionnaire for first contact

4.24.24.24.2 Questionnaire for documentsQuestionnaire for documentsQuestionnaire for documentsQuestionnaire for documents

A questionnaire for documents that should be sent to the relevant contact person – in case there is enough time before the date of the at site visit – has been set up by the BE with input of all partners. This document is available online for download.

An overview of the questionnaire is pictured below:

1. General data (no. of pupils, areas, no./age of buildings)

2. Heat energy consumption of the last 3 years (monthly, if available)

3. Electricity consumption of the last 3 years (monthly, if available)

4. Map of the area, scaled (1:500 / 1:1.000)

5. Floor plans, scaled (1:100 / 1:50)

6. Views and vertical sections of the building(s)

7. Plans of constructional details

8. Flow schemes, installations plans

9. Lists, documents of the technical equipment

Table 4-3: Questionnaire for documents

It should be considered that it is unlikely to get all these information before the at site visit, but the contact person will know what the expert is interested in. Mostly some of these information can be collected during the at site visit –some of them won’t be available at all.




4.34.34.34.3 FirFirFirFirst evaluation of received information; Preparation for the st evaluation of received information; Preparation for the st evaluation of received information; Preparation for the st evaluation of received information; Preparation for the at site visitat site visitat site visitat site visit

The received data and documents before the at site visit should be evaluated with the aim to become familiar with the building to be able to ask aimed question when you are at site. The following list shows the recommended steps:

� Benchmarking (if you have the data)

� Become familiar with the building

� Prepare aimed questions

� Prepare to bring with you:

• address of the school

• name and phone no. of the contact person

• evaluated received data (e.g. benchmarks)

• inspection list

• photo camera (digital)

• folding rule (2 m)

• torch

• screw-driver

optional:

• lux meter

• temperature meter

• tape measure (20 m) or laser distance meter

• knife

• compass

• pocket mirrow

• pocket lighter

Table 4-4: Preparation of the inspection / at site visit

4.44.44.44.4 Inspection of the school / at site visitInspection of the school / at site visitInspection of the school / at site visitInspection of the school / at site visit

An inspection list for the at site visit is very helpful to gather the necessary information to estimate and calculate the impact of energy saving measures. An detailed version had been developed by the BE and a more simple version is provided by Ecofys. Partners can use both lists, which are available for download on our website.

The Inspection list includes the sectors:




� General data

� Outdoor inspection (view at actual condition, apparent defects, outer walls, windows, roof, outdoor lightening, etc.)

� Indoor inspection (view at actual condition, apparent defects, construction of outer walls, windows, roof, indoor lightening, etc.)

� Heating / hot water system: generation, distribution, regulation

� Ventilation / air conditioning system

� Electrical office equipment (PCs, printers, copiers etc.)

� User’s behaviour

Table 4-5: Content of the inspection list

There are two other advices for the inspection at site:

� Take photographs! –(they will help you, when you are at your desk in office): every side of the building(s), lightning, boilers, etc.

� Be polite to the caretaker! (He probable has a lot information of the building systems; He will be the one at site who has to deal with suggested energy saving measures)

Table 4-6: Practical advice for the inspection at site

4.54.54.54.5 Development of suitable energy saving measures Development of suitable energy saving measures Development of suitable energy saving measures Development of suitable energy saving measures

After the inspection at site suitablesuitablesuitablesuitable energy saving measures should be developed and calculated. Suitable, that means:

− Technical realizable: e. g. enough space for the implementation, fitting to the existing systems etc.

− Realistic due the boundary conditions: monument conservation, available persons / costs for maintenance, other barriers

Nevertheless also measures that are probably not implemented soon should be examined. Especially insulation measures should be quantified to demonstrate their high impact on the energy performance.

List of measuresList of measuresList of measuresList of measures

Ecofys NL has suggested a list of measures which was discussed and developed during the 2

nd project meeting in Rousse. This list should help all experts to find

measures. Many of the suggested measures are in the low or non cost (like behavioural measures). Cross costs for measures by every country proved to be too difficult to research.

On the other hand the measures were evaluated in detailed in the “Report of cross-country analysis of EPAs, action plans, selected energy saving measures and encountered barriers” (D21). There all recommended measures were




evaluated due investment cots, energy savings and pay back-periods. Thus costs for measures can be seen and make estimations for other schools possible.

Furthermore the BE indicated the IEA5 project REDUCE("Retrofitting of Educational Buildings"). The core of the project is an "energy concept adviser for technical retrofit measures – ECA”. There is a list of "problem related recommendations" for energy saving measures included. Within the list the payback time is given. http://www.annex36.com/eca/uk/02recom/prr.html

Moreover there is the technical description of the measure in the "retrofit measure viewer" and a "case study viewer" is connected.

4.64.64.64.6 CalculationCalculationCalculationCalculation

For the calculation of energy saving potential and the pay back period a calculation tool is appropriate.

However, the calculation tool is the most difficult part of a common approach for developing EPAs. The reason is one the one hand that the existing tools in the partner country are only available in national languages. As described in chapter 3, the calculation tools on the one hand are appropriate due to the different national implementations and regulation of the EPBD and seem on the other hand to be too complex to use them for schools. Moreover they are also available only in national languages.

Energy savings were calculated with national tools by all partners.

4.74.74.74.7 ReportReportReportReport

After developing suitable energy saving measures for the single schools a report which procures all information is to be compiled. Ecofys (NL) has already provide a suggestion for a template. The following structure is suggested:

� Introduction

� Summary

� Current situation

• Project data

• General description of the building

• Construction and Installations

• User’s behaviour

• Energy Bills / Benchmarking

� Measures

• Immediately possible technical measures

• Technical measures for renovation moment

5 International Energy Agency




• Organizational measures

• Ventilation and indoor climate

� Conclusions

� Annex: Energy saving measures

Table 4-7: Suggested structure of the report (Ecofys / BE)

The template of the report is available.

4.84.84.84.8 8.8.8.8. Presentation and Discussion ofPresentation and Discussion ofPresentation and Discussion ofPresentation and Discussion of the Report / Developing of the Report / Developing of the Report / Developing of the Report / Developing of an Aan Aan Aan Actionplanctionplanctionplanctionplan

The last step of an EPA is to present the report for the responsible persons and all stakeholders of a school. The recommended measures should be discussed. At the end the next steps and the time line should be fixed in an “actionplan”. Those steps are listed below:

� Presentation of the report and measures for all responsibilities and stakeholders

� Discussion

� Defining next steps, time schedule: Developing of an “actionplan”

Table 4-8: Steps to an actionplan

4.94.94.94.9 Prospect: Following SProspect: Following SProspect: Following SProspect: Following Stepstepstepsteps

After fixing the actionplan the next steps are to be done: Implementation, control and evaluation – those steps are developed in future throughout WP 4.

5 Benchmarks

During the second project meeting in Rousse, Bulgaria, the project partners agreed to the performance of benchmarks in order to evaluate the outcome of the project as follows:

Separate Electricity and Heat energy (end energy, climate corrected) benchmarks related on the cross area of the school buildings and the number of pupils:




Heat energy consumptionGross base area

Electricity consumptionGross base area

Heat energy consumptionNo. of pupils

Electricity consumptionNo. of pupils

kWh/m², a

kWh/m², a

kWh / pupil, a

kWh / pupil, a

Boundary conditions should be stated like with / without hot domestic water, average period of use of the school building per year (daily use, holidays) etc.

Ecofys ES will evaluate and monitor benchmarks from the participating schools from executed EPAs and after the educational programme respectively the implementation of measures respectively during the work package 6.




6 Annex: Evaluation of the questionnaire – answers given by the country partners

First the question of the questionnaire is displayed, then an overview of the answers of the partners follows:

B. State of EPBD legislation

B.1. What is the state of EPBDs legislation in your country?

Country Status

Bulgaria - National law: Energy Efficiency Act

- Date: announced March 2004, amendment Sept 2006

- Objectives: promote energy efficiency, (Every operational work constituting state or municipal property, with an aggregate effective surface area exceeding 1,000 square metres, shall be subject to certification. The certificate shall be issued for a maximum term of validity of ten years and shall be prominently placed.)

Germany - Date: Expected to be implemented in autumn 2007, effective earliest from Jan 2008

- National law: Energy Saving Ordinance 2007 (EnEV 2007)

- Objectives: building certificates for new buildings and for transfer procedures (renting; sale9, public buildings > 1000 m² have to publish building certificates

Certificates will be consumption based or calculation based

Hungary - Date: Definition of energy characteristics of buildings implemented 29th of may 2006, Building permit started 1th of September 2006

- Objectives: methodology of calculation of energy performance of buildings, minimum requirements

- Criteria: added value of investment should be more than 25 % , Buildings which exceed 100o m²

- Missing regulations: energy certificates, inspections of boilers and air-conditioning systems, training of independent energy experts

Netherlands - Date: Expected to be implemented in Jan. 2007

- National law: Decree Energy performance of Buildings (BEG): legislation for EP-certificates, Regulation on Energy Performance of Buildings (REG): rules on how to deliver a certificate

- Objectives: full implementation of the Directive, mandatory for new buildings, building at a transaction point, buildings > 1000 m², public buildings > 1000 m² have to publish a EC

- A sufficient number of accredited inspectors is a formal obligation to comply with the Directive,

Spain - Date: Approval march 2006, entered into force on the 29th of September 2006

- National law: Código Técnico de Edificatión (CTE), Royal Decree for energy efficiency certificates for new buildings (Jan. 2007)

- Objectives: transposes the EPBD directive, overall goal: to save 25 % primary energy in 2012 in the building sector, promoting energy efficiency, information




B.2. Which regulations will/do follow from EPBDs legislation on school buildings?

Country EPBD Impact on schools

Bulgaria - New buildings - Renovation or improvements of existing buildings with a surface bigger

than 1000m², where more than 25% of the covering (facade, roof, floor) is renovated.

Germany - Requirements for new buildings and existing buildings (obligatory measures and in case of renovation)

- A Energy Certificate has to be placed central in “public” buildings > 1.000 m², e.g.most of German schools

Hungary - No official information Netherlands - Energy performance certificate are mostly not mandatory for schools (as

they are not direct liable to legal authority) Spain - Schools have to comply the CTE/Royal Decree (new buildings,

renovations of buildings) with a surface bigger than 1.000 m² and more than 25 % of the covering (facade, roof, floor) is being renovated

B.3. Which regulations regarding EPAs methodology are/will be included?

Country EPBD – Regulations regarding EPAs methodology

Bulgaria - Ordinance No. 19 - There is still a difference between the certificate issued in the EU and the certificate in Bulgaria

Germany - Residential buildings: DIN EN 832 (2003/6) in connection DIN V 4108 and DIN V 4701 -10

- Non-residential Buildings (incl. schools): DIN V 18599 (2005/7): Sum of prime energy demand for heating, cooling, steam supply, hot water, lightning, auxiliary energy; the regulation is very complex (about 800 pages); high expense for zoning and relevant data;

- The EnEV defines requirements for issuers of the building certificate but the certification of calculation programs is not obligatory

Hungary - No official information available

Netherlands - BRL 9500: existing national rules for EP certificates (obligatory) and EPAs (voluntary) for dwellings; elaborated by certified companies; minimum requirements for EPA-advisers

- Publication ISSO 75: draft standards for calculation programme

Spain - Jan 2007: Official EPA method: Energy Performance Certification of Buildings

- Tools, which fulfil this method: LIDER, CALENER VYP or CALENER

Spain - Jan 2007: Official EPA method: Energy Performance Certification of Buildings

- Tools, which fulfil this method: LIDER, CALENER VYP or CALENER

- LIDER: Not for Certification but for fulfilling the CTE – DB HE 1 requirements (targeted at the building envelope)

- CALENDER VYP: Certification tool for residential and small non residential buildings (adding the technical installations)

- CALENDER: Certification tool for the rest of non residential buildings - ICAEN: currently developing a simplified tool for EPAs (published in the

course of 2007)




C. Existing EPA tools and approach

C.1. Is there any „official“ guideline / tool in your country?

Country Answer Status

Bulgaria Yes - All approved bodies to perform energy studies and certifi-cations of buildings have the Bulgarian tool. (MEA not).

Germany Yes - At the moment: DIN 4108 and DIN 4701 (excluding lightning and air conditioning)

- EnEV 2007: DIN V 18599 is mandatory for demand based energiy certificates of non-residential buildings

- Obligation: applicable on any building, including a method for a overall-energy-balance , interrelated approach of building structure, energy system and building utilisation

- Sum of prime energy demands for: heating, ventilation, air conditioning, steam supply, hot water, lightning, auxiliary energy

- Detailed calculation (high expense for zoning and relevant data)

Hungary No -

Netherlands Yes - official guidelines: BEG, REG, BRL 9500 – rules how to comply the certificates

- BRL 9501 and ISSO 54 – how the energy performance is calculated

- Obligations: consultants have to comply with rules of the BRL 9500, approach has to be comply with the EPA-U manual (ISSO 75)

- Software: have to be EDR tested (standards to be find in ISSO 54 and established in BRL 9501

- Certifying/testing of the EP-certificate and EPA companies is performed by companies: KEMA, KIWA, SKW

Spain Yes - Official EPA methods/tools: LIDER, CALENER VYP or CALENER

- LIDER: not for certification but for fulfilling the CTE – DB HE1 requirements of the documents of limitation of energy demand (concerns only the energy demand according to the building characteristics, 3 dimensional replication of the building and the U-values, focused on new buildings in a accordance with the CTE

- CALENER VYP: Certification tool for residential and little non residential buildings (is the output of the LIDER tool + the building installations, main output is the energy calification results and administrative reports, can be used for residential and non-residential buildings (not for big non-residential buildings)

- CELENER: Certification tool for non residential buildings (not officially available yet), more complicated than the CALENER VYP tool, it fulfils all EPBD annex requirements, reference values for the certification calculation are those of the CTE are included in the tool, the engine of CALENER for




big non residential, is a calculation method based in DOE2.2.

- The Energy Institute of Catalunya (ICAEN9 is currently developing a simplified tool, the system will be published during 2007 (based on check list format)

C.2. Is there something like a “common practice” to do EPAs in your country?


Bulgaria Yes - There are so called short studies and studies for the energy efficiency (in schools for example the contract duration for this job takes about 60 days)

Germany Yes - See answer B3

- Tools and guideline exist

- EPAs are standard products – but differ in methods and topics

Hungary Yes - 2 practical guidelines (Hungarian Energy Agency “Energia Központ”)

- content: building basic data, energy consumption

- instructions: specific energy consumption, efficiency, thermic quality, suggestion on energy saving measures

- degree of difficulty: not too difficult for technical experts

Netherlands Yes - Since 2006 EPA-tool for dwellings, draft software for non residential buildings available; 50-100 consultants are active now (rising number)

- EPAs have also be carried out at large consumers (like industries)

- EPA for primary school: about 3 days (inspection, calculation, report, discussion)

Spain No - No common practices

- Community Madrid: Manual de Audiorías energéticas (energy audits guide): aims to increase the introduction of the energy efficiency in small and medium companies

- The energy audit obtains the following steps: obtain information on consumption, detect factors, identity and evaluate

C.3. Is there a technical standard / guideline to do a climate correction on buildings consumption values in your country?


Bulgaria - No further information

Germany Yes - Methodology is described in DIN-standard 3807 and is based on degree days

Hungary No - No further information

Netherlands Yes - No further information

Spain No - No further information




C.4. How is heat and electricity usually calculated / measured for the energy billing of school buildings?

Country Status

Bulgaria - The energy invoicing is done as in private housings. The schools have (mainly) consumption based energy supply contracts

- prices per kWh or m³ gas - invoicing of gas and electricity takes place on a monthly basis. - The price of the electricity is: - Two scale measuring: day-time0.093 BGN/ kWh and Night-time 0.014

BGN/kWh - One scale measuring: day-time 0.092 BGN/ kWh and night time 0.086

BGN/ kWh Germany - Almost every school has consumption based energy supply contracts

- prices per kWh or m³ gas

- larger schools have a monthly billing period on electricity consumption

- for heat (gas, district heat) annual billing is common

Hungary - Consumption based fees are common

- Schools have monthly billing periods

- Meter reading takes place on a monthly base

- Regulated price system for gas and electricity

Netherlands - Within EPBD, calculation is consumption based.

- Energy bills are based on kWh and m³ gas.

- Some school differ between electricity meters for day and night.

- Energy bills are received on annual basis, larger schools monthly (contract dependent

Spain - schools have (mainly) consumption based energy supply contracts

- prices per kWh or m³ gas

- The invoicing of the gas and electricity is depending on the supplier

- the electricity invoice is done every 2 months, gas every 2-3 month

- The meter readings frequency varies. The meter readings for gas takes place at least 6 times per month, electricity readings once or twice per month.

C.5. Are there published benchmarks / characteristic values for energy consumption of school buildings in your country?


Bulgaria - - no further information

Germany Yes - AGES (Gesellschaft für Energieplanung und Systemanalyse m. b. H) publishes reference values for energy consumption of public building (based on voluntary survey):

- Reference values for consumption (average school excl. gym)

- area: 4.400 m² / heat: 152 kWh/m² a/ electricity: 11 kWh/m² a/ water: 126 l/m² a/ costs: 50.000 € - 250.000 € (estimation for heat and power)

- the average reference values by AGES are better than reality!

- there will be an official reference values from the Ministry of




Building, which will be used as reference values for building certificates

Hungary No - no further information

Netherlands Yes - „Cijfers en tabellen” (Figures and tables), SenterNovem publication

- NR building panel database: 1000 buildings, schools included Spain Yes - Official there is no official benchmark on energy consumption

of schools

- However several initiatives started developing specific energy audits

- main characteristic values are: Electricity consumption of school/ Heat consumption of school/ Electricity/Heat consumption per person/ Electricity/Heat consumption per m²

C.6. Are the following informations and documents usually available in school buildings?

Material available

not rare often always

Building data:

Age and state of repair BU, D, ES, NL

HU

areas BU, ES D, NL, HU

NL

Heat transfer coefficients of components

BU, D, ES, NL

HU

Preservation orders BU, HU, NL (meaning? - Ecofys)

ES, HU D

specific use of the building (hours, temperatur level …)

BU, HU HU D, ES, NL

energy supply contracts D, HU, NL BU, ES

energy bills of last 3 years HU, NL D

BU, ES

ground plans BU, D, HU, NL ES

inventory, manual and wiring schemes of

heating system

secondary system D

BU, ES, NL HU

hot / cold water system BU, D, ES, NL

HU

air conditioning BU, ES D, NL HU




cooling system BU, D, ES, NL

HU

electricity system BU, D, ES, NL

HU

electrical devices (lightning, ICT) D, NL HU

maintenance contracts and documentation BU, D, ES, HU, NL

HU

C.7. Does your company regularly generate EPAs?


Bulgaria NO - no further information

Germany Yes - The Berliner Energie Agentur issues EPAs for residential buildings by using Hottgenroth Software (HS Energieberater [energy consultant])

- An analysis with this software takes 10-12 hours (3 hours building inspection)

- We also worked with the freeware software of DIN V 18599 (simulation of a building) - the analysis of one office building takes about 80 hours

- The Berliner Energie Agentur developed some own tools to issue EPAs -for the building certification a software tool for consumption based certificates with a very simple structure.

Hungary No - No further information

Netherlands Yes - Ecofys: Own software-tool. With the new legislation of the EPBD we will use the certified software

- The (self developed) program is an (Excell-based) spreadsheet. We can create an electricity balance and a heat flow diagram to simulate the building with all installations/devices in order to compare the outcome of this simulation to the actual energy consumption. If there is a difference the simulation outcome is “fitted” to the actual use.

- After this “fitting” we know which installations/devices use most energy. This program has an inner climate part and a CO2 measurement.

Spain Yes - We have done several Energy Audits for offices, golf clubs etc.

- Ecofys SL is involved in the project RESHAPE aiming to issue 40 official energy certification for residential buildings.

Documents

Cross-country Analysis of Approaches, Set-up of EPA ... · Französische Str. 23 10117 Berlin Telefon 030 293330 – 0 ... List of measuresList of measures 11 44..664.6 6. Calculation6