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Crop Production
ISSN: 1936-3737
Released June 11, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA).
Winter Wheat Production Up 1 Percent from May Forecast Orange Production Down 2 Percent
Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.27 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast but down 3 percent
from 2019. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 52.1 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushel from last month but
down 1.5 bushels from last year’s average yield of 53.6 bushels per acre.
Hard Red Winter production, at 743 million bushels, is up 1 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 297 million
bushels, is down slightly from the May forecast. White Winter, at 225 million bushels, is up 1 percent from last month. Of
the White Winter production, 16.6 million bushels are Hard White and 209 million bushels are Soft White.
The United States all orange forecast for the 2019-2020 season is 5.08 million tons, down 2 percent from the previous
forecast and down 6 percent from the 2018-2019 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 67.7 million boxes
(3.04 million tons), is down 3 percent from the previous forecast and down 6 percent from last season’s final utilization.
In Florida, early, midseason, and Navel varieties are forecast at 29.7 million boxes (1.33 million tons), unchanged from
the previous forecast but down 2 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at
38.0 million boxes (1.71 million tons), is down 5 percent from the previous forecast and 8 percent below last season’s
final utilization. California and Texas orange production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast.
Special Note
Survey respondents in North Dakota who reported corn and soybean acreage as not yet harvested during the
surveys conducted in preparation for the Crop Production 2019 Summary, released January 10, 2020, were
re-contacted in May to determine how many of those acres were actually harvested and record the actual
production from those acres. When producers were surveyed in December, there were a significant number of
unharvested acres of:
Corn in Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin
Soybeans in Michigan, North Dakota, and Wisconsin
Based on this updated information, several changes were made to the estimates previously published in the
Crop Production 2019 Summary. Unharvested production is a component of on-farm stocks, therefore,
changes were made to the December 1 on-farm stocks levels comparable with the production adjustments.
Detailed estimates by State can be found on pages 14 through 18.
Producers in Michigan, Minnesota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin were contacted in April and updated
estimates were previously published in the May 12 Crop Production report.
2 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
This report was approved on June 11, 2020.
Secretary of Agriculture
Designate
Stephen L. Censky
Agricultural Statistics Board
Chairperson
Joseph L. Parsons
Crop Production (June 2020) 3 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Contents
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
June 1, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted
June 1, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 ................................................................... 6
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2018-2019 and Forecasted
June 1, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7
Tart Cherry Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 ........................................................ 8
Sweet Cherry Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 ..................................................... 8
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2018-2020 ................................................................ 9
Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2018-2020 ................................................................................... 9
Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2018-2020................................................................................................ 10
Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2018-2020 ............................................ 10
Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2018 and 2019 ........................................................... 11
Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2018 and 2019 ................................................................................................................. 11
Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2018 and 2019 .......................................................................................... 12
Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2017 - 2019 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2017-2019 (continued) .......................................................................................................................................................... 15
Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2017-2019 .............. 16
Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States:
2017-2019 (continued) .......................................................................................................................................................... 17
Corn and Soybean Stocks by Position – States and United States: December 1, 2019 ........................................................ 18
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ................... 20
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ....................... 22
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 .................................................................. 24
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 ....................................................................... 25
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020 ............................... 26
4 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Percent of Normal Precipitation Map .................................................................................................................................... 27
Departure from Normal Temperature Map ........................................................................................................................... 27
May Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 28
May Agricultural Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 28
Crop Comments .................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Statistical Methodology ......................................................................................................................................................... 33
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts ................................................................................................................... 34
Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................. 35
Crop Production (June 2020) 5 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020
State
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
2019 2020 2019 2020
2019 2020 May 1 June 1
(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Arkansas ........................ California ........................ Colorado ......................... Idaho .............................. Illinois ............................. Indiana ........................... Kansas ........................... Kentucky ......................... Maryland ......................... Michigan ......................... Mississippi ...................... Missouri .......................... Montana ......................... Nebraska ........................ North Carolina ................ North Dakota .................. Ohio ................................ Oklahoma ....................... Oregon ........................... South Dakota .................. Tennessee ...................... Texas ............................. Virginia ........................... Washington .................... Wisconsin ....................... Other States 1 ................. United States ..................
50 100
2,000 680 550 260
6,500 330 165 480
21
390 1,900
970 225 70
385 2,750
730 770
215
2,050 105
1,700 150
781
24,327
100 110
1,650 690 530 270
6,500 390 200 460
20
390 1,550
870 400 50
460 2,700
730 580
230
2,400 180
1,640 130
1,045
24,275
52.0 50.0 49.0 87.0 67.0 62.0 52.0 76.0 75.0 71.0
47.0 63.0 50.0 57.0 56.0 53.0 56.0 40.0 68.0 52.0
67.0 34.0 62.0 70.0 64.0
56.5
53.6
56.0 88.0 37.0 85.0 72.0 74.0 47.0 76.0 72.0 79.0
47.0 65.0 51.0 48.0 58.0 35.0 74.0 38.0 62.0 49.0
66.0 35.0 65.0 72.0 70.0
52.8
51.7
56.0 54.0 38.0 87.0 73.0 71.0 49.0 73.0 70.0 81.0
47.0 65.0 50.0 51.0 60.0 40.0 76.0 38.0 58.0 52.0
66.0 33.0 61.0 74.0 71.0
52.8
52.1
2,600 5,000
98,000 59,160 36,850 16,120
338,000 25,080 12,375 34,080
987
24,570 95,000 55,290 12,600 3,710
21,560 110,000 49,640 40,040
14,405 69,700 6,510
119,000 9,600
44,126
1,304,003
5,600 5,940
62,700 60,030 38,690 19,170
318,500 28,470 14,000 37,260
940
25,350 77,500 44,370 24,000 2,000
34,960 102,600 42,340 30,160
15,180 79,200 10,980
121,360 9,230
55,170
1,265,700
1 Other States include Alabama, Delaware, Georgia, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2020 Summary.
6 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 [Area harvested for the United States and remaining States will be published in the Acreage report released June 2020. Yield and production will be published in the Crop Production report released July 2020. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State
Area harvested Yield per acre Production
2019 2020 2019 2020
2019 2020 May 1 June 1
(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Arizona ........................ California ..................... Idaho ............................ Montana ....................... North Dakota ................ United States ...............
33 22 5
515 600
1,175
49 18
104.0 102.0 87.0 43.0 42.5
45.7
101.0 80.0
106.0 110.0
3,432 2,244
435 22,145 25,500
53,756
5,194 1,980
Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 [Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop 2019 2020
(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Winter Hard red ....................................... Soft red ........................................ Hard white .................................... Soft white ..................................... Spring Hard red ....................................... Hard white .................................... Soft white ..................................... Durum .......................................... Total ............................................
833,181 239,166 19,954
211,702
521,557 11,831 28,992 53,756
1,920,139
742,939 297,343 16,584
208,834
Crop Production (June 2020) 7 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2018-2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020 [The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]
Crop and State Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent
2018-2019 2019-2020 2018-2019 2019-2020
(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)
Oranges California, all 2 ........................................ Early, mid, and Navel 3 ......................... Valencia ................................................ Florida, all ............................................... Early, mid, and Navel 3 ......................... Valencia ................................................ Texas, all 2 .............................................. Early, mid, and Navel 3 ......................... Valencia ................................................ United States, all .................................... Early, mid, and Navel 3 ......................... Valencia ................................................ Grapefruit California 2 .............................................. Florida, all ............................................... Red ....................................................... White .................................................... Texas 2 ................................................... United States .......................................... Tangerines and mandarins 4 California 2 .............................................. Florida .................................................... United States .......................................... Lemons 2 Arizona ................................................... California ................................................ United States ..........................................
51,400 42,000 9,400
71,850 30,400 41,450
2,500 2,210
290
125,750 74,610 51,140
4,100 4,510 3,740
770 6,100
14,710
26,500 990
27,490
1,350 23,700
25,050
48,500 40,000 8,500
67,650 29,650 38,000
2,300 1,800
500
118,450 71,450 47,000
4,300 4,890 4,100
790 5,800
14,990
23,000 1,020
24,020
1,900 21,000
22,900
2,056 1,680
376
3,233 1,368 1,865
106
94 12
5,395 3,142 2,253
164 192 159
33 244
600
1,060 47
1,107
54 948
1,002
1,940 1,600
340
3,044 1,334 1,710
98 77 21
5,082 3,011 2,071
172 208 174 34
232
612
920 48
968
76 840
916
1 Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80.
2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. 4 Includes tangelos and tangors.
8 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Tart Cherry Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020
State Total production
2019 2020
(million pounds) (million pounds)
Michigan .................................................... New York ................................................... Utah ........................................................... Washington ................................................ Wisconsin .................................................. United States .............................................
170.0 4.3
54.0 24.6 9.1
262.0
123.0 8.1
31.8 24.2 9.9
197.0
Sweet Cherry Production – States and United States: 2019 and Forecasted June 1, 2020
State Total production
2019 2020
(tons) (tons)
California ................................................... Oregon ....................................................... Washington ................................................ United States .............................................
58,100 57,200
239,000
354,300
63,000 61,000
210,000
334,000
Crop Production (June 2020) 9 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Maple Syrup Taps, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2018-2020
State Number of taps Yield per tap Production
2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
(1,000 taps) (1,000 taps) (1,000 taps) (gallons) (gallons) (gallons) (1,000
gallons) (1,000
gallons) (1,000
gallons)
Connecticut 1 ....................... Indiana 1 .............................. Maine .................................. Massachusetts 1 .................. Michigan .............................. Minnesota 1 .......................... New Hampshire ................... New York ............................. Ohio 1 .................................. Pennsylvania ....................... Vermont ............................... West Virginia 1 ..................... Wisconsin ............................ United States .......................
73 70
1,870 320 600 65
560 2,730
400 670
5,670
66 750
13,844
(NA) (NA)
1,950 (NA) 620
(NA) 540
2,800 (NA) 680
6,000 (NA) 800
13,390
(NA) (NA)
1,970 (NA) 570
(NA) 530
2,800 (NA) 710
6,150 (NA) 780
13,510
0.247 0.257 0.288 0.225 0.275 0.200 0.291 0.295 0.225 0.212
0.342 0.121 0.300
0.303
(NA) (NA)
0.267 (NA)
0.315 (NA)
0.274 0.293 (NA)
0.231
0.345 (NA)
0.338
0.312
(NA) (NA)
0.299 (NA)
0.298 (NA)
0.291 0.287 (NA)
0.238
0.361 (NA)
0.340
0.324
18 18
539 72
165 13
163 806
90 142
1,940
8 225
4,199
(NA) (NA) 520
(NA) 195
(NA) 148 820
(NA) 157
2,070 (NA) 270
4,180
(NA) (NA) 590
(NA) 170
(NA) 154 804
(NA) 169
2,220 (NA) 265
4,372
(NA) Not available. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
Maple Syrup Price and Value – States and United States: 2018-2020 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
State Average price per gallon Value of production
2018 2019 2020 1 2018 2019 2020 1
(dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (1,000 dollars) (1,000 dollars) (1,000 dollars)
Connecticut 2 ....................... Indiana 2 .............................. Maine .................................. Massachusetts 2 .................. Michigan .............................. Minnesota 2 .......................... New Hampshire ................... New York ............................. Ohio 2 .................................. Pennsylvania ....................... Vermont ............................... West Virginia 2 ..................... Wisconsin ............................ United States .......................
76.00 50.20 40.20 53.00 38.90 61.60 56.10 32.40 45.40 39.00
28.00 44.60 32.40
33.80
(NA) (NA)
28.20 (NA)
48.60 (NA)
45.30 32.20 (NA)
35.00
28.00 (NA)
32.50
31.00
(NA) (NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
1,368 904
21,668 3,816 6,419
801 9,144
26,114 4,086 5,538
54,320
357 7,290
141,825
(NA) (NA)
14,664 (NA)
9,477 (NA)
6,704 26,404
(NA) 5,495
57,960
(NA) 8,775
129,479
(NA) (NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA)
(NA) Not available. 1 Price and value for 2020 will be published in Crop Production released June 2021. 2 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
10 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Maple Syrup Season – States and United States: 2018-2020
State
Date season opened 1
Date season closed 2
Average season length 3
2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
(date) (date) (date) (date) (date) (date) (days) (days) (days)
Connecticut 4 ........................ Indiana 4 ............................... Maine ................................... Massachusetts 4 ................... Michigan .............................. Minnesota 4 .......................... New Hampshire ................... New York ............................. Ohio 4 ................................... Pennsylvania ....................... Vermont ............................... West Virginia 4 ..................... Wisconsin ............................ United States .......................
Jan 22 Jan 10 Feb 1 Feb 2
Jan 23 Mar 1
Jan 28 Jan 12 Jan 18 Jan 7
Jan 12 Jan 19 Feb 18
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Jan 15 (NA)
Feb 10 (NA)
Jan 21 Jan 5 (NA)
Jan 10
Jan 9 (NA)
Mar 1
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Feb 2 (NA)
Feb 2 (NA)
Jan 5 Jan 2 (NA)
Jan 12
Jan 8 (NA)
Feb 15
(NA)
Apr 30 Apr 14 May 3 Apr 21 May 1 May 1 May 2 May 2 Apr 26 Apr 28
May 3 Apr 10 May 2
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
May 10 (NA)
Apr 26 (NA)
Apr 28 May 1
(NA) May 1
May 3
(NA) Apr 30
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
May 5 (NA)
Apr 25 (NA)
Apr 28 Apr 30
(NA) Apr 10
Apr 30
(NA) Apr 26
(NA)
43 37 42 42 41 32 43 52 41 45
52 37 36
42
(NA) (NA)
31 (NA)
25 (NA)
31 32
(NA) 35
34
(NA) 24
30
(NA) (NA)
39 (NA)
29 (NA)
35 37
(NA) 31
38
(NA) 29
34
(NA) Not available. 1 Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2 Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3 The average number of days that sap was collected. 4 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
Maple Syrup Average Open and Close Season Dates – States and United States: 2018-2020
State Season Opened 1 Season Closed 2
2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020
(date) (date) (date) (date) (date) (date)
Connecticut 3 ............................... Indiana 3 ...................................... Maine .......................................... Massachusetts 3 .......................... Michigan ..................................... Minnesota 3 ................................. New Hampshire .......................... New York .................................... Ohio 3 .......................................... Pennsylvania .............................. Vermont ...................................... West Virginia 3 ............................ Wisconsin ................................... United States ..............................
Feb 12 Feb 10 Feb 26 Feb 18 Feb 28 Mar 21 Feb 24 Feb 18 Feb 14 Feb 17
Feb 23
Feb 4 Mar 16
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Mar 14 (NA)
Mar 13 (NA)
Mar 10 Mar 6 (NA)
Feb 25
Mar 12 (NA)
Mar 21
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Feb 29 (NA)
Mar 1 (NA)
Feb 24 Feb 19
(NA) Feb 18
Feb 28
(NA) Mar 7
(NA)
Mar 26 Mar 19
Apr 9 Apr 1
Apr 10 Apr 22 Apr 8
Apr 11 Mar 27
Apr 3
Apr 16 Mar 14 Apr 21
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Apr 14 (NA)
Apr 7 (NA)
Apr 10 Apr 7 (NA)
Apr 1
Apr 15 (NA)
Apr 14
(NA)
(NA) (NA)
Apr 8 (NA)
Mar 30 (NA)
Mar 30 Mar 28
(NA) Mar 20
Apr 6 (NA)
Apr 4
(NA)
(NA) Not available. 1 Approximate average opened date based on reported data. 2 Approximate average closed date based on reported data. 3 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
Crop Production (June 2020) 11 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Maple Syrup Price by Type of Sale and Size of Container – States: 2018 and 2019
Type and State Gallon 1/2 Gallon Quart Pint 1/2 Pint
2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019
(dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars)
Retail Connecticut 1 ........................ Indiana 1 ............................... Maine ................................... Massachusetts 1 ................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota 1 ........................... New Hampshire .................... New York .............................. Ohio 1 ................................... Pennsylvania ........................ Vermont ................................ West Virginia 1 ...................... Wisconsin ............................. Wholesale Connecticut 1 ........................ Indiana 1 ............................... Maine ................................... Massachusetts 1 ................... Michigan ............................... Minnesota 1 ........................... New Hampshire .................... New York .............................. Ohio 1 ................................... Pennsylvania ........................ Vermont ................................ West Virginia 1 ...................... Wisconsin .............................
62.90 41.00 53.40 53.80 46.70 50.30 57.00 42.60 45.60
47.20 45.30 53.90 43.20
53.60 32.80 43.60 45.20 43.60 45.00 47.30 37.40 40.20
29.80 38.80
(D) 43.80
(NA) (NA)
50.40 (NA)
48.40 (NA)
52.00 47.30 (NA)
45.50 44.50 (NA)
42.80
(NA) (NA)
47.50 (NA)
37.90 (NA)
42.90 42.40 (NA)
39.10 39.90 (NA)
42.60
38.00 25.50 31.40 32.60 26.50 31.50 32.80 25.90 25.20
26.80 26.40 29.10 24.90
(D) 21.80 19.70 25.50 23.10
(S) 26.40 23.60 21.40
19.10 22.80 24.60 23.70
(NA) (NA)
30.50 (NA)
26.60 (NA)
31.70 27.20 (NA)
25.00 26.70 (NA)
27.00
(NA) (NA)
24.90 (NA)
20.10 (NA)
27.10 21.90 (NA)
21.90 23.30 (NA)
22.60
21.40 14.60 17.50 19.50 15.80 16.90 19.50 15.90 15.50
16.00 16.70 16.30 14.70
16.60 11.30 13.00 14.80 12.60 18.80 15.20 12.80 13.10
13.00 13.50 14.80 12.90
(NA) (NA)
17.50 (NA)
14.60 (NA)
18.80 15.90 (NA)
15.00 17.90 (NA)
14.00
(NA) (NA)
13.90 (NA)
12.20 (NA)
14.80 12.60 (NA)
12.60 14.00 (NA)
13.30
13.40 8.40
10.60 12.60 10.50 8.30
10.70 9.50 9.50
9.40 9.70
10.70 8.50
8.00 5.30 7.90 8.10 7.50
10.40 8.25 7.90 7.40
7.70 7.60 9.00 6.80
(NA) (NA)
10.50 (NA)
11.60 (NA)
11.30 9.60 (NA)
8.85
10.60 (NA) 8.00
(NA) (NA) 7.40 (NA) 8.80 (NA) 8.30 7.30 (NA)
7.25 7.20 (NA) 7.20
8.60 6.20 6.60 9.00 7.10 7.00 6.75 5.80 7.10
5.60 7.50 6.30 4.80
5.40 (NA) 4.75 5.30 5.00 (D)
6.15 4.70 4.40
4.00 4.40 5.00 5.60
(NA) (NA) 6.60 (NA) 8.50 (NA) 6.40 6.80 (NA)
5.85 7.00 (NA) 5.80
(NA) (NA) 4.65 (NA) 6.60 (NA) 4.85 4.30 (NA)
4.65 4.50 (NA) 4.50
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. (S) Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
Maple Syrup Bulk Price – States: 2018 and 2019
State Bulk all grades Bulk all grades
2018 2019 2018 2019
(dollars per pound) (dollars per pound) (dollars per gallon) (dollars per gallon)
Connecticut 1 ......................... Indiana 1 ................................ Maine .................................... Massachusetts 1 .................... Michigan ................................ Minnesota 1 ............................ New Hampshire ..................... New York ............................... Ohio 1 .................................... Pennsylvania ......................... Vermont ................................. West Virginia 1 ....................... Wisconsin ..............................
(D) 3.25 2.16 2.60 2.30 3.50 2.15 2.10 2.40 2.16
2.20 2.90 2.10
(NA) (NA) 2.36 (NA) 2.40 (NA) 2.05 2.20 (NA) 2.11
2.20 (NA) 2.20
(D) 35.60 23.80 28.70 25.50 38.40 23.50 23.20 26.55 23.80
24.20 32.20 23.20
(NA) (NA)
26.00 (NA)
26.70 (NA)
22.80 23.70 (NA)
23.20
24.20 (NA)
23.80
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
12 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Maple Syrup Percent of Sales by Type – States: 2018 and 2019
State Retail Wholesale Bulk
2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019
(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)
Connecticut 1 ........................... Indiana 1 .................................. Maine ...................................... Massachusetts 1 ...................... Michigan ................................. Minnesota 1 ............................. New Hampshire ...................... New York ................................ Ohio 1 ...................................... Pennsylvania .......................... Vermont .................................. West Virginia 1 ........................ Wisconsin ...............................
68 86 19 40 39 55 54 25 46 44
9
23 19
(NA) (NA)
4 (NA)
31 (NA)
37 19
(NA) 32
9
(NA) 20
27 9
17 27 28 25 11 8
21 12
4
17 16
(NA) (NA)
2 (NA)
22 (NA)
29 13
(NA) 12
4
(NA) 7
5 5
64 33 33 20 35 67 33 44
87 60 65
(NA) (NA)
94 (NA)
47 (NA)
34 68
(NA) 56
87
(NA) 73
(NA) Not available. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
Crop Production (June 2020) 13 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
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14 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2017 - 2019
State Area planted for all purposes Area harvested for grain
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)
Alabama .................................. Arizona .................................... Arkansas .................................. California ................................. Colorado .................................. Connecticut 1 ............................ Delaware ................................. Florida ...................................... Georgia .................................... Idaho ........................................ Illinois ....................................... Indiana ..................................... Iowa ......................................... Kansas ..................................... Kentucky .................................. Louisiana ................................. Maine 1 ..................................... Maryland .................................. Massachusetts 1 ....................... Michigan .................................. Minnesota ................................ Mississippi ............................... Missouri ................................... Montana ................................... Nebraska ................................. Nevada 1 .................................. New Hampshire 1 ..................... New Jersey .............................. New Mexico ............................. New York ................................. North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................ Ohio ......................................... Oklahoma ................................ Oregon ..................................... Pennsylvania ........................... Rhode Island 1 ......................... South Carolina ......................... South Dakota ........................... Tennessee ............................... Texas ....................................... Utah ......................................... Vermont 1 ................................. Virginia ..................................... Washington .............................. West Virginia ............................ Wisconsin ................................ Wyoming .................................. United States ...........................
250 65
620 430
1,460 24
180 75
290 340
11,200 5,350
13,300 5,500 1,320
500 31
480 15
2,250
8,050 520
3,400 115
9,550 12 14 77
125 1,000
890
3,420 3,400
350 85
1,350 2
350 5,700
750
2,450 80 82
500 170 50
3,900 95
90,167
255 80
660 430
1,460 23
170 95
325 350
11,000 5,300
13,200 5,450 1,330
460 30
440 14
2,250
7,900 480
3,500 115
9,600 13 13 70
135 1,070
910
3,150 3,500
310 75
1,300 2
340 5,300
720
2,200 70 85
485 165 46
3,900 95
88,871
320 90
770 460
1,550 23
185 90
395 385
10,500 5,000
13,500 6,400 1,550
570 29
510 14
2,000
7,800 660
3,200 115
10,100 15 12 77
145 1,020
990
3,500 2,800
370 80
1,450 2
380 4,350
970
2,500 85 81
540 170 52
3,800 95
89,700
235 32
595 80
1,300 (NA) 171 37
245 115
10,950 5,200
12,900 5,200 1,220
490 (NA) 420
(NA) 1,890
7,630
500 3,250
65 9,300 (NA) (NA)
70 43
485
840 3,230 3,150
305 44
920 (NA) 325
5,080 710
2,240
20 (NA) 340 80 33
2,930 63
82,733
245 20
645 65
1,190 (NA) 166 62
285 125
10,800 5,120
12,750 4,980 1,220
450 (NA) 380
(NA) 1,890
7,460
460 3,330
68 9,300 (NA) (NA)
60 35
615
830 2,930 3,300
270 40
890 (NA) 310
4,860 670
1,750
22 (NA) 325 85 33
3,170 70
81,276
305 37
725 60
1,300 (NA) 180 54
350 148
10,200 4,820
13,050 6,020 1,450
545 (NA) 460
(NA) 1,610
7,250
620 2,990
60 9,810 (NA) (NA)
68 46
545
930 3,130 2,570
330 48
1,060 (NA) 350
3,870 910
2,150
26 (NA) 380 90 38
2,670 67
81,322
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (June 2020) 15 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn Area Planted for All Purposes and Harvested for Grain, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2017-2019 (continued)
State Yield per acre Production
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Alabama ............................ Arizona .............................. Arkansas ........................... California ........................... Colorado ............................ Connecticut 1 ..................... Delaware ........................... Florida ............................... Georgia ............................. Idaho ................................. Illinois ................................ Indiana .............................. Iowa ................................... Kansas .............................. Kentucky ............................ Louisiana ........................... Maine 1 .............................. Maryland ............................ Massachusetts 1 ................ Michigan ............................ Minnesota .......................... Mississippi ......................... Missouri ............................. Montana ............................ Nebraska ........................... Nevada 1 ............................ New Hampshire 1 ............... New Jersey ........................ New Mexico ....................... New York ........................... North Carolina ................... North Dakota ..................... Ohio ................................... Oklahoma .......................... Oregon .............................. Pennsylvania ..................... Rhode Island 1 ................... South Carolina ................... South Dakota ..................... Tennessee ......................... Texas ................................ Utah ................................... Vermont 1 ........................... Virginia .............................. Washington ....................... West Virginia ..................... Wisconsin .......................... Wyoming ........................... United States .....................
167.0 195.0 183.0 167.0 143.0 (NA)
189.0 161.0 176.0 203.0
201.0 180.0 202.0 132.0 178.0 184.0 (NA)
172.0 (NA)
159.0
194.0 189.0 170.0 70.0
181.0 (NA) (NA)
167.0 134.0 161.0
142.0 139.0 177.0 126.0 212.0 161.0 (NA)
136.0 145.0 171.0
140.0 176.0 (NA)
140.0 225.0 152.0 174.0 155.0
176.6
156.0 220.0 181.0 173.0 130.0 (NA)
145.0 157.0 176.0 213.0
210.0 189.0 196.0 129.0 175.0 173.0 (NA)
146.0 (NA)
153.0
182.0 185.0 140.0 85.0
192.0 (NA) (NA)
141.0 187.0 159.0
113.0 153.0 187.0 134.0 195.0 140.0 (NA)
127.0 160.0 168.0
108.0 182.0 (NA)
146.0 220.0 152.0 172.0 164.0
176.4
147.0 231.0 175.0 168.0 123.0 (NA)
161.0 161.0 160.0 205.0
181.0 169.0 198.0 133.0 169.0 165.0 (NA)
161.0 (NA)
147.0
173.0 174.0 155.0 95.0
182.0 (NA) (NA)
155.0 135.0 158.0
111.0 131.0 164.0 137.0 237.0 153.0 (NA)
106.0 144.0 177.0
133.0 143.0 (NA)
144.0 237.0 165.0 166.0 123.0
167.4
39,245 6,240
108,885 13,360
185,900 (NA)
32,319 5,957
43,120 23,345
2,200,950
936,000 2,605,800
686,400 217,160 90,160
(NA) 72,240
(NA) 300,510
1,480,220
94,500 552,500
4,550 1,683,300
(NA) (NA)
11,690 5,762
78,085
119,280 448,970 557,550 38,430 9,328
148,120 (NA)
44,200 736,600 121,410
313,600
3,520 (NA)
47,600 18,000 5,016
509,820 9,765
14,609,407
38,220 4,400
116,745 11,245
154,700 (NA)
24,070 9,734
50,160 26,625
2,268,000
967,680 2,499,000
642,420 213,500 77,850
(NA) 55,480
(NA) 289,170
1,357,720
85,100 466,200
5,780 1,785,600
(NA) (NA)
8,460 6,545
97,785
93,790 448,290 617,100 36,180 7,800
124,600 (NA)
39,370 777,600 112,560
189,000
4,004 (NA)
47,450 18,700 5,016
545,240 11,480
14,340,369
44,835 8,547
126,875 10,080
159,900 (NA)
28,980 8,694
56,000 30,340
1,846,200
814,580 2,583,900
800,660 245,050 89,925
(NA) 74,060
(NA) 236,670
1,254,250
107,880 463,450
5,700 1,785,420
(NA) (NA)
10,540 6,210
86,110
103,230 410,030 421,480 45,210 11,376
162,180 (NA)
37,100 557,280 161,070
285,950
3,718 (NA)
54,720 21,330 6,270
443,220 8,241
13,617,261
(NA) Not available. 1 Area harvested for grain not estimated.
16 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2017-2019
State Area planted Area harvested
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)
Alabama .................................. Arkansas .................................. Delaware ................................. Florida 1 ................................... Georgia .................................... Illinois ....................................... Indiana ..................................... Iowa ......................................... Kansas ..................................... Kentucky .................................. Louisiana ................................. Maryland .................................. Michigan .................................. Minnesota ................................ Mississippi ............................... Missouri ................................... Nebraska ................................. New Jersey .............................. New York ................................. North Carolina .......................... North Dakota ............................ Ohio ......................................... Oklahoma ................................ Pennsylvania ........................... South Carolina ......................... South Dakota ........................... Tennessee ............................... Texas ....................................... Virginia ..................................... West Virginia 1 ......................... Wisconsin ................................ United States ...........................
350 3,530
160 15
155 10,600 5,950
10,000 5,150 1,950
1,270
500 2,280 8,150 2,190 5,950 5,700
100 270
1,700
7,100 5,100
655 610 400
5,650 1,690
210 600 27
2,150
90,162
345 3,270
170 18
145 10,800 6,000 9,950 4,750 1,950
1,340
530 2,330 7,750 2,230 5,850 5,650
110 335
1,650
6,900 5,050
640 640 390
5,650 1,700
175 600 29
2,220
89,167
265 2,650
155 (NA) 100
9,950 5,400 9,200 4,550 1,700
890 480
1,760 6,850 1,660 5,100 4,900
95 235
1,540
5,600 4,300
465 620 335
3,500 1,400
80 570
(NA) 1,750
76,100
345 3,500
158 14
150 10,550 5,940 9,940 5,110 1,940
1,250
495 2,270 8,090 2,170 5,910 5,670
99 265
1,690
7,050 5,090
640 605 390
5,610 1,660
185 590 26
2,140
89,542
335 3,210
168 12
130 10,500 5,960 9,830 4,690 1,930
1,190
515 2,310 7,650 2,190 5,780 5,590
107 325
1,570
6,840 5,020
600 630 330
5,580 1,670
135 590 27
2,180
87,594
260 2,610
153 (NA)
93 9,860 5,360 9,120 4,490 1,690
860 475
1,720 6,770 1,630 5,010 4,840
92 225
1,520
5,400 4,270
440 610 320
3,440 1,370
73 560
(NA) 1,690
74,951
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (June 2020) 17 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2017-2019 (continued)
State Yield per acre Production
2017 2018 2019 2017 2018 2019
(bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Alabama .................................. Arkansas ................................. Delaware ................................. Florida 1 ................................... Georgia ................................... Illinois ...................................... Indiana .................................... Iowa ......................................... Kansas .................................... Kentucky .................................. Louisiana ................................. Maryland .................................. Michigan .................................. Minnesota ................................ Mississippi ............................... Missouri ................................... Nebraska ................................. New Jersey .............................. New York ................................. North Carolina ......................... North Dakota ........................... Ohio ......................................... Oklahoma ................................ Pennsylvania ........................... South Carolina ......................... South Dakota ........................... Tennessee ............................... Texas ...................................... Virginia .................................... West Virginia 1 ......................... Wisconsin ................................ United States ...........................
46.0 51.0 51.0 34.0 42.0 58.0 54.0 57.0 37.5 53.0
54.0 51.0 42.5 47.5 53.0 49.5 57.5 45.0 45.0 40.0
34.5 49.5 29.0 48.0 38.0 43.0 50.0 37.0 44.0 54.0 47.5
49.3
40.0 50.5 41.5 37.0 39.5 63.5 57.5 56.0 43.0 51.0
51.5 47.5 47.5 49.0 54.0 44.5 58.0 39.5 52.0 33.0
35.0 56.0 28.0 44.5 29.0 45.0 45.5 31.5 42.0 53.0 48.0
50.6
36.0 49.0 47.0 (NA) 29.0 54.0 51.0 55.0 41.5 46.0
48.0 44.0 40.5 44.0 50.0 46.0 58.5 37.0 48.0 35.0
31.5 49.0 29.0 49.0 26.0 42.5 47.0 28.0 34.0 (NA) 47.0
47.4
15,870 178,500
8,058 476
6,300 611,900 320,760 566,580 191,625 102,820
67,500 25,245 96,475
384,275 115,010 292,545 326,025
4,455 11,925 67,600
243,225 251,955 18,560 29,040 14,820
241,230 83,000 6,845
25,960 1,404
101,650
4,411,633
13,400 162,105
6,972 444
5,135 666,750 342,700 550,480 201,670 98,430
61,285 24,463
109,725 374,850 118,260 257,210 324,220
4,227 16,900 51,810
239,400 281,120 16,800 28,035 9,570
251,100 75,985 4,253
24,780 1,431
104,640
4,428,150
9,360 127,890
7,191 (NA)
2,697 532,440 273,360 501,600 186,335 77,740
41,280 20,900 69,660
297,880 81,500
230,460 283,140
3,404 10,800 53,200
170,100 209,230 12,760 29,890 8,320
146,200 64,390 2,044
19,040 (NA)
79,430
3,552,241
(NA) Not available. 1 Estimates discontinued in 2019.
18 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Corn and Soybean Stocks by Position – States and United States: December 1, 2019
State
Corn Soybeans
On farms
Off farms 1
Total all positions
On farms
Off farms 1
Total all positions
(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)
Alabama ........................ Arizona .......................... Arkansas ........................ California ....................... Colorado ........................ Delaware ....................... Florida ............................ Georgia .......................... Idaho .............................. Illinois ............................. Indiana ........................... Iowa ............................... Kansas ........................... Kentucky ........................ Louisiana ....................... Maryland ........................ Michigan ........................ Minnesota ...................... Mississippi ..................... Missouri ......................... Montana ......................... Nebraska ....................... Nevada .......................... New England ................. New Jersey .................... New Mexico ................... New York ....................... North Carolina ................ North Dakota .................. Ohio ............................... Oklahoma ...................... Oregon ........................... Pennsylvania ................. South Carolina ............... South Dakota ................. Tennessee ..................... Texas ............................. Utah ............................... Virginia ........................... Washington .................... West Virginia .................. Wisconsin ...................... Wyoming ........................ Unallocated 2 .................. United States .................
(D) (D) (D) (D)
56,000 (D) (D) (D) (D)
930,000
510,000 1,330,000
195,000 130,000
(D) (D)
145,000 920,000
(D) 235,000
(D)
940,000 (NA) (NA)
(D) (D) (D)
27,000 340,000 270,000
(D) (D)
100,000 (D)
360,000 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
(D)
255,000 (D)
360,000
7,103,000
9,930 3,223
33,377 8,222
40,552 12,613 1,124
17,468 11,031
840,517
238,545 814,462 346,753 37,757 45,368 25,368 51,043
302,849 28,225
101,833
(D) 537,877
(D) (D) (D) (D)
3,095 39,035 45,373
131,392
11,918 488
13,840 3,972
153,992 39,091
119,972 1,155
14,631 10,029
(D)
123,991 (D)
4,227
4,224,338
(D) (D) (D) (D)
96,552 (D) (D) (D) (D)
1,770,517
748,545 2,144,462
541,753 167,757
(D) (D)
196,043 1,222,849
(D) 336,833
(D)
1,477,877 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
66,035 385,373 401,392
(D) (D)
113,840 (D)
513,992 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
(D)
378,991 (D)
764,527
11,327,338
(D) (NA)
(D) (NA) (NA)
(D) (NA)
(D) (NA)
265,000
150,000 220,000 46,000
(D) (D) (D)
31,500 165,000
(D) 115,000
(NA)
88,000 (NA) (NA)
(D) (NA)
(D) (D)
72,000 115,000
(D)
(NA) (D) (D)
62,000 (D) (D)
(NA) (D)
(NA)
(NA) 30,000
(NA)
160,000
1,519,500
10,404 (D)
41,610 (D) (D)
2,436 (D)
6,772 (D)
322,460
106,873 293,162 130,592 15,450 12,401
(D) 36,965
128,560 14,238 73,663
151
172,546 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
12,761 66,709 97,298
5,075
(D) 7,232 1,387
86,809 8,471
820 (D)
5,901 5,689
(D)
49,853 (D)
16,700
1,732,988
(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
587,460
256,873 513,162 176,592
(D) (D) (D)
68,465 293,560
(D) 188,663
151
260,546 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)
138,709 212,298
(D) (D) (D) (D)
148,809 (D) (D) (D) (D)
5,689
(D) 79,853
(D)
321,658
3,252,488
(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. (NA) Not available. 1 Includes stocks at mills, elevators, warehouses, terminals, and processors. 2 "Off farms unallocated" includes State data withheld to avoid disclosure of individual operations. "On farms unallocated" includes minor producing
States' data not published separately.
Crop Production (June 2020) 19 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
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20 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Area planted Area harvested
2019 2020 2019 2020
(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)
Grains and hay Barley ..................................................................................... Corn for grain 1 ........................................................................ Corn for silage ........................................................................ Hay, all .................................................................................... Alfalfa .................................................................................. All other ............................................................................... Oats ........................................................................................ Proso millet ............................................................................. Rice ........................................................................................ Rye ......................................................................................... Sorghum for grain 1 ................................................................. Sorghum for silage .................................................................. Wheat, all ................................................................................ Winter ................................................................................. Durum ................................................................................. Other spring ........................................................................ Oilseeds Canola .................................................................................... Cottonseed ............................................................................. Flaxseed ................................................................................. Mustard seed .......................................................................... Peanuts .................................................................................. Rapeseed ............................................................................... Safflower ................................................................................. Soybeans for beans ................................................................ Sunflower ................................................................................ Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all ............................................................................... Upland ................................................................................ American Pima .................................................................... Sugarbeets ............................................................................. Sugarcane .............................................................................. Tobacco .................................................................................. Dry beans, peas, and lentils Chickpeas ............................................................................... Dry edible beans ..................................................................... Dry edible peas ....................................................................... Lentils ..................................................................................... Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops ....................................................................................... Maple syrup ............................................................................ Mushrooms ............................................................................. Peppermint oil ......................................................................... Potatoes ................................................................................. Spearmint oil ...........................................................................
2,721
89,700 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
2,810 506
2,540 1,865 5,265 (NA)
45,158 31,159 1,339
12,660
2,040.0 (X)
374 98.0
1,427.7 11.3
165.8 76,100 1,350.6
13,735.7 13,507.0
228.7 1,132.0
(NA) (NA)
451.4 1,287.4 1,103.0
486.0
(NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
968.3 (NA)
2,921
96,990
(NA)
3,012
2,847
5,820
44,655 30,775 1,290
12,590
1,989.0
270
1,529.0
83,510 1,558.0
13,703.0 13,475.0
228.0 1,138.5
(NA)
306.0 1,372.0
971.0 474.0
(NA)
2,182
81,322 6,587
52,425 16,743 35,682
826 465
2,472 310
4,675 339
37,162 24,327 1,175
11,660
1,910.0 (X)
319 90.0
1,391.7 10.4
152.7 74,951 1,244.5
11,612.5 11,389.0
223.5 979.3 913.2 227.1
404.0 1,176.5 1,052.0
431.0
56.5 (NA) (NA) 52.4
942.2 18.5
53,283
24,275
201.8
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (June 2020) 21 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Yield per acre Production
2019 2020 2019 2020
(1,000) (1,000)
Grains and hay Barley ......................................................................... bushels Corn for grain .............................................................. bushels Corn for silage .................................................................. tons Hay, all ............................................................................. tons Alfalfa ........................................................................... tons All other ........................................................................ tons Oats ............................................................................ bushels Proso millet ................................................................. bushels Rice 2 ................................................................................. cwt Rye ............................................................................. bushels Sorghum for grain ....................................................... bushels Sorghum for silage ............................................................ tons Wheat, all ................................................................... bushels Winter ..................................................................... bushels Durum ..................................................................... bushels Other spring ............................................................ bushels Oilseeds Canola ......................................................................... pounds Cottonseed ....................................................................... tons Flaxseed ..................................................................... bushels Mustard seed ............................................................... pounds Peanuts ....................................................................... pounds Rapeseed .................................................................... pounds Safflower ..................................................................... pounds Soybeans for beans .................................................... bushels Sunflower .................................................................... pounds Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2 ..................................................................... bales Upland 2 ...................................................................... bales American Pima 2 ......................................................... bales Sugarbeets ....................................................................... tons Sugarcane ........................................................................ tons Tobacco ....................................................................... pounds Dry beans, peas, and lentils Chickpeas 2 ....................................................................... cwt Dry edible beans 2 ............................................................. cwt Dry edible peas 2 ............................................................... cwt Lentils 2 .............................................................................. cwt Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops ............................................................................ pounds Maple syrup ................................................................. gallons Mushrooms .................................................................. pounds Peppermint oil .............................................................. pounds Potatoes ............................................................................ cwt Spearmint oil ............................................................... pounds
77.7
167.4 20.2 2.46 3.28 2.07 64.3 35.7
7,471 34.3 73.0 11.9 51.7 53.6 45.7 48.2
1,781 (X)
20.0 706
3,949 2,160 1,272 47.4
1,562
823 810
1,472 29.2 35.0
2,060
1,544 1,769 2,124 1,250
1,981 (NA) (NA) 104 449 130
52.1
(NA)
169,566
13,617,261 132,807 128,864
54,875 73,989 53,148 16,608
184,675 10,622
341,460 4,019
1,920,139 1,304,003
53,756 562,380
3,402,000 5,945.0
6,395 63,580
5,496,087 22,464
194,295 3,552,241 1,943,435
19,912.5 19,227.0
685.5 28,600 31,937
467,956
6,237 20,811 22,346 5,388
112,041.2 4,180
846,491 5,452
422,890 2,413
1,265,700
4,372
(NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1 Area planted for all purposes. 2 Yield in pounds.
22 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Area planted Area harvested
2019 2020 2019 2020
(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)
Grains and hay Barley ........................................................................ Corn for grain 1 ........................................................... Corn for silage ........................................................... Hay, all 2 .................................................................... Alfalfa ..................................................................... All other .................................................................. Oats ........................................................................... Proso millet ................................................................ Rice ........................................................................... Rye ............................................................................ Sorghum for grain 1 .................................................... Sorghum for silage ..................................................... Wheat, all 2 ................................................................ Winter .................................................................... Durum .................................................................... Other spring ........................................................... Oilseeds Canola ....................................................................... Cottonseed ................................................................ Flaxseed .................................................................... Mustard seed ............................................................. Peanuts ..................................................................... Rapeseed .................................................................. Safflower .................................................................... Soybeans for beans ................................................... Sunflower ................................................................... Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2 ................................................................ Upland ................................................................... American Pima ....................................................... Sugarbeets ................................................................ Sugarcane ................................................................. Tobacco ..................................................................... Dry beans, peas, and lentils Chickpeas .................................................................. Dry edible beans ........................................................ Dry edible peas .......................................................... Lentils ........................................................................ Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops .......................................................................... Maple syrup ............................................................... Mushrooms ................................................................ Peppermint oil ............................................................ Potatoes .................................................................... Spearmint oil ..............................................................
1,101,160
36,300,690 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
1,137,180 204,770
1,027,910 754,750
2,130,690 (NA)
18,274,990 12,609,740
541,880 5,123,380
825,570 (X)
151,350 39,660
577,780 4,570
67,100 30,796,910
546,570
5,558,700 5,466,150
92,550 458,110
(NA) (NA)
182,680 521,000 446,370 196,680
(NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
391,860 (NA)
1,182,100
39,250,880
(NA)
1,218,930
1,152,150
2,355,300
18,071,430 12,454,330
522,050 5,095,050
804,930
109,270
618,770
33,795,660 630,510
5,545,470 5,453,200
92,270 460,740
(NA)
123,840 555,230 392,950 191,820
(NA)
883,030
32,910,200 2,665,690
21,215,870 6,775,720
14,440,150 334,270 188,180
1,000,390 125,450
1,891,930 137,190
15,039,090 9,844,890
475,510 4,718,690
772,960 (X)
129,100 36,420
563,210 4,210
61,800 30,331,920
503,640
4,699,460 4,609,010
90,450 396,310 369,560 91,910
163,490 476,120 425,730 174,420
22,880 (NA) (NA)
21,210 381,300
7,490
21,563,100
9,823,850
81,670
(NA)
See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (June 2020) 23 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 (continued) [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Yield per hectare Production
2019 2020 2019 2020
(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)
Grains and hay Barley ..................................................................................... Corn for grain .......................................................................... Corn for silage ........................................................................ Hay, all 2 ................................................................................. Alfalfa ................................................................................. All other .............................................................................. Oats ........................................................................................ Proso millet ............................................................................. Rice ........................................................................................ Rye ......................................................................................... Sorghum for grain ................................................................... Sorghum for silage .................................................................. Wheat, all 2 ............................................................................. Winter ................................................................................. Durum ................................................................................. Other spring ........................................................................ Oilseeds Canola .................................................................................... Cottonseed ............................................................................. Flaxseed ................................................................................. Mustard seed .......................................................................... Peanuts .................................................................................. Rapeseed ............................................................................... Safflower ................................................................................ Soybeans for beans ................................................................ Sunflower ............................................................................... Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops Cotton, all 2 ............................................................................. Upland ................................................................................ American Pima ................................................................... Sugarbeets ............................................................................. Sugarcane .............................................................................. Tobacco .................................................................................. Dry beans, peas, and lentils Chickpeas ............................................................................... Dry edible beans ..................................................................... Dry edible peas ....................................................................... Lentils ..................................................................................... Potatoes and miscellaneous Hops ....................................................................................... Maple syrup ............................................................................ Mushrooms ............................................................................. Peppermint oil ......................................................................... Potatoes ................................................................................. Spearmint oil ..........................................................................
4.18
10.51 45.20 5.51 7.35 4.65 2.31 2.00 8.37 2.15 4.58
26.58 3.47 3.60 3.08 3.24
2.00 (X)
1.26 0.79 4.43 2.42 1.43 3.19 1.75
0.92 0.91 1.65
65.47 78.40 2.31
1.73 1.98 2.38 1.40
2.22 (NA) (NA) 0.12
50.31 0.15
3.51
(NA)
3,691,860
345,894,360 120,480,480 116,903,450 49,781,760 67,121,690
771,440 376,660
8,376,720 269,810
8,673,480 3,645,980
52,257,620 35,489,150 1,463,000
15,305,480
1,543,120 5,393,210
162,440 28,840
2,492,980 10,190 88,130
96,676,160 881,530
4,335,440 4,186,190
149,250 25,945,480 28,972,760
212,260
282,910 943,970
1,013,600 244,400
50,820 20,900
383,960 2,470
19,181,970 1,090
34,446,710
21,860
(NA) Not available. (X) Not applicable. 1 Area planted for all purposes. 2 Total may not add due to rounding.
24 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2019-2020 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Production
2019 2020
Citrus 1 Grapefruit .............................................................................................. 1,000 tons Lemons ................................................................................................. 1,000 tons Oranges ................................................................................................ 1,000 tons Tangerines and mandarins .................................................................... 1,000 tons Noncitrus Apples, commercial ......................................................................... million pounds Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons Avocados ....................................................................................................... tons Blueberries, Cultivated ..................................................................... 1,000 pounds Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ................................................................. 1,000 pounds Cherries, Sweet ............................................................................................. tons Cherries, Tart .................................................................................. million pounds Coffee (Hawaii) ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds Cranberries .................................................................................................. barrel Dates ............................................................................................................. tons Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons Kiwifruit (California) ........................................................................................ tons Nectarines (California) ................................................................................... tons Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons Papayas (Hawaii) ............................................................................. 1,000 pounds Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons Pears ............................................................................................................. tons Plums (California) .......................................................................................... tons Prunes (California) ......................................................................................... tons Raspberries ..................................................................................... 1,000 pounds Strawberries ........................................................................................... 1,000 cwt Nuts and miscellaneous Almonds, shelled (California) ........................................................... 1,000 pounds Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons Macadamias (Hawaii) ....................................................................... 1,000 pounds Pecans, in-shell ................................................................................ 1,000 pounds Pistachios (California) ...................................................................... 1,000 pounds Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons
600
1,002 5,395 1,107
11,018.0 51,300
135,620 680,700 54,400
354,300 262.0
27,270 7,917,000
61,400
6,871,000 51,500
134,000 167,500 11,750
681,600 729,000 101,500 91,100
226,000 22,520.0
2,550,000 44,000 40,700
255,600 740,000 653,000
612 916
5,082 968
334,000 197.0
3,000,000
1 Production years are 2018-2019 and 2019-2020.
Crop Production (June 2020) 25 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2019 and 2020 [Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2020 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2019-2020 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Crop Production
2019 2020
(metric tons) (metric tons)
Citrus 1 Grapefruit ............................................................................................................. Lemons ................................................................................................................ Oranges ................................................................................................................ Tangerines and mandarins ................................................................................... Noncitrus Apples, commercial .............................................................................................. Apricots ................................................................................................................ Avocados .............................................................................................................. Blueberries, Cultivated .......................................................................................... Blueberries, Wild (Maine) ...................................................................................... Cherries, Sweet .................................................................................................... Cherries, Tart ........................................................................................................ Coffee (Hawaii) ..................................................................................................... Cranberries ........................................................................................................... Dates .................................................................................................................... Grapes ................................................................................................................. Kiwifruit (California) ............................................................................................... Nectarines (California) .......................................................................................... Olives (California) ................................................................................................. Papayas (Hawaii) ................................................................................................. Peaches ............................................................................................................... Pears .................................................................................................................... Plums (California) ................................................................................................. Prunes (California) ................................................................................................ Raspberries .......................................................................................................... Strawberries ......................................................................................................... Nuts and miscellaneous Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................ Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ................................................................................. Macadamias (Hawaii) ........................................................................................... Pecans, in-shell .................................................................................................... Pistachios (California) ........................................................................................... Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................
544,310 909,000
4,894,260 1,004,250
4,997,680 46,540
123,030 308,760 24,680
321,420 118,840 12,370
359,110
55,700 6,233,270
46,720 121,560 151,950
5,330 618,340 661,340 92,080 82,640
102,510 1,021,490
1,156,660 39,920 18,460
115,940 335,660 592,390
555,200 830,980
4,610,310 878,150
303,000 89,360
1,360,780
1 Production years are 2018-2019 and 2019-2020.
26 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data
The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States
during 2020. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to
obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are based on counts from this survey.
Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2016-2020 [Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]
Year June July August
Mature 1 Mature 1 Mature 1
(percent) (percent) (percent)
2016 ................................... 2017 ................................... 2018 ................................... 2019 ................................... 2020 ...................................
21 28 18 8
14
68 69 69 50
94 93 93 89
1 Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature.
Crop Production (June 2020) 27 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
28 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
May Weather Summary
Through the first half of the month, below-normal temperatures and occasional Midwestern freezes continued to threaten
a variety of commodities, including fruits, winter wheat, and emerged summer crops. The prolonged period of cool
weather, which began in mid-April, peaked across the Midwest and Northeast on May 9-10. In freeze-affected areas,
crops were monitored for injury, which was reportedly highly variable due to differences in freeze severity, crop stage,
and—where applicable—effectiveness of protective measures. Late in the month, an early-season heatwave replaced
previously cool conditions in the Midwest and Northeast, while hot weather expanded and intensified across the West.
Meanwhile, two tropical storms—Arthur and Bertha—formed prior to official June 1 start of the Atlantic hurricane
season, with both producing heavy rain in portions of the southern and middle Atlantic States. (At least one named storm
has developed before June 1 in each of the last 6 years.) By the end of May, North Carolina led the nation in topsoil
moisture rated surplus—63 percent—followed by South Carolina at 48 percent.
Pockets of excessive wetness also persisted or developed from the northern Mississippi Delta into the southern and eastern
Corn Belt. Arkansas led the mid-South on May 31 with topsoil moisture rated 42 percent surplus, while Michigan paced
the Midwest at 38 percent. Mid-month downpours contributed to Midwestern flooding and fieldwork delays, with the
most significant problems occurring from northern and central Illinois into portions of Michigan.
In contrast, planting continued at a rapid pace across the western Corn Belt, except in an area centered on eastern
North Dakota. By May 31, corn planting across the United States was 93 percent complete, compared to just 64 percent a
year ago and the 5-year average of 89 percent. Similarly, three-quarters of the Nation’s soybean crop was planted by the
end of May, well ahead of last year’s pace (36 percent) and the 5-year average of 68 percent.
During the 5-week period ending June 2, drought coverage across the contiguous United States expanded from 15 to
20 percent. Most of the increase occurred from the High Plains westward, while only small areas of drought existed across
the eastern half of the country. In fact, May rainfall eased or eradicated drought across the Deep South from
southern Texas to Florida. Some drying occurring during May in the Northeast, although impacts were tempered by
several weeks of cool weather.
Farther west, however, extreme drought (D3) covered more than 19 percent of Colorado, along with nearly 5 percent of
New Mexico and Oregon; about 3 percent of Kansas and California; and 2 percent of Oklahoma. By May 31, topsoil
moisture was rated at least one-half very short to short in New Mexico (78 percent), Colorado (63 percent), California
(60 percent), and Utah (59 percent). On the same date, rangeland and pastures were rated 30 to 40 percent very poor to
poor in California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Oregon. Finally, more than one-fifth of the winter wheat was rated in very
poor to poor condition at the end of May in Colorado (41 percent), Kansas (25 percent), Oregon (24 percent), and Texas
(22 percent).
May Agricultural Summary
May was cooler than average for most of the eastern half of the Nation and the Great Plains, with temperatures averaging
4°F or more below normal in much of these regions. In contrast, most of the western half of the Nation generally saw
above average temperatures for May. Parts of the southern Rockies and Southwest saw temperatures 4°F or more above
normal. Most of the western half of the Nation remained dry for the month of May, except for parts of Idaho, Montana,
and the Pacific Northwest, parts of which received 4 or more inches of rain. The highest amounts of rainfall for the Nation
were seen in the southern Great Plains, the Lower Mississippi Valley, and the Southeast, where some areas received
10 inches or more of precipitation in May.
By May 3, producers had planted 51 percent of the Nation’s corn acreage, 30 percentage points ahead of last year and
12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Eight percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 3,
three percentage points ahead of last year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 17, producers
planted 80 percent of the Nation’s corn acreage, 36 percentage points ahead of last year and 9 percentage points ahead of
the 5-year average. Forty-three percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 17, twenty-seven percentage
points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. By May 31, producers planted 93 percent of
Crop Production (June 2020) 29 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
the Nation’s corn acreage, 29 percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Seventy-eight percent of the Nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 31, thirty-six percentage points ahead of last year
and 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 31, seventy-four percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was
rated in good to excellent condition.
Twenty-three percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was planted by May 3, eighteen percentage points ahead of last
year and 12 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-three percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was
planted by May 17, thirty-seven percentage points ahead of last year and 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year
average. Eighteen percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage had emerged by May 17, fourteen percentage points ahead of
last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Seventy-five percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage was
planted by May 31, thirty-nine percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.
Fifty-two percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage had emerged by May 31, thirty-five percentage points ahead of last
year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. On May 31, seventy percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage
was rated in good to excellent condition.
By May 3, thirty-two percent of the Nation’s winter wheat crop was headed, 6 percentage points ahead of last year but
6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 3, fifty-five percent of the 2020 winter wheat crop was reported in
good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points below the same time last year. By May 17, fifty-six percent of the
Nation’s winter wheat acreage was headed, 5 percentage points ahead of last year but 6 percentage points behind the
5-year average. By May 31, seventy-seven percent of the Nation’s winter wheat acreage was headed, 4 percentage points
ahead of last year but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Three percent of the 2020 winter wheat acreage was
harvested by May 31, two percentage points ahead of last year and 1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. As of
May 31, fifty-one percent of the 2020 winter wheat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition, 13 percentage
points below the same time last year.
Nationwide, 18 percent of the cotton crop had been planted by May 3, two percentage points ahead of last year and
1 percentage point ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 44 percent of the cotton acreage was planted by May 17,
five percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationwide, 66 percent of
the cotton acreage was planted by May 31, one percentage point behind last year but equal to the 5-year average.
Eight percent of the Nation’s cotton acreage had reached the squaring stage by May 31, one percentage point ahead of
both last year and the 5-year average. On May 31, forty-four percent of the Nation’s 2020 cotton acreage was rated in
good to excellent condition, 2 percentage points below last year.
Twenty-two percent of the Nation’s sorghum crop was planted by May 3, one percentage point ahead of the previous year
but 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-two percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was planted by
May 17, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year but 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Forty-nine percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage was planted by May 31, sixteen percentage points ahead of the
previous year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Sixty-four percent of the Nation’s sorghum acreage
was rated in good to excellent condition on May 31.
By May 3, producers had seeded 49 percent of the 2020 rice crop, 4 percentage points ahead of the previous year but
15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 3, thirty-two percent of the Nation’s rice crop had emerged,
1 percentage point behind last year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 17, producers seeded
81 percent of the 2020 rice acreage, 13 percentage points ahead of the previous year but 3 percentage points behind the
5-year average. By May 17, fifty-seven percent of the Nation’s rice acreage had emerged, 8 percentage points ahead of
last year but 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 17, sixty-three percent of the Nation’s rice acreage
was rated in good to excellent condition. By May 31, producers had seeded 93 percent of the Nation’s 2020 rice acreage,
4 percentage points ahead of the previous year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 31,
eighty-one percent of the Nation’s rice acreage had emerged, 9 percentage points ahead of last year but 5 percentage
points behind the 5-year average. On May 31, sixty-nine percent of the Nation’s rice acreage was rated in good to
excellent condition, 8 percentage points above the same time last year.
Nationally, oat producers had seeded 67 percent of this year’s crop by May 3, nineteen percentage points ahead of the
previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Forty-four percent of the Nation’s oat crop had emerged by May 3,
30 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
nine percentage points ahead of the previous year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, oat
producers had seeded 86 percent of this year’s acreage by May 17, thirteen percentage points ahead of the previous year
but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Sixty-nine percent of the Nation’s oat acreage had emerged by May 17,
nineteen percentage points ahead of the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. On May 17,
seventy-five percent of the Nation’s oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition. Nationally, oat producers had
seeded 96 percent of this year’s acreage by May 31, seven percentage points ahead of the previous year but 1 percentage
point behind the 5-year average. Eighty-six percent of the Nation’s oat acreage had emerged by May 31,
twelve percentage points ahead of the previous year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Twenty-seven percent of the Nation’s oat acreage had headed by May 31, five percentage points ahead of last year but
2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 31, seventy-one percent of the Nation’s oat acreage was rated in
good to excellent condition, 13 percentage points above the same time last year.
Forty-one percent of the Nation’s barley was planted by May 3, seven percentage points ahead of last year but
9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Twelve percent of the Nation’s barley crop had emerged by May 3,
two percentage points ahead of the previous year but 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-two percent
of the Nation’s barley acreage was planted by May 17, one percentage point ahead of last year but 10 percentage points
behind the 5-year average. Forty-four percent of the Nation’s barley acreage had emerged by May 17, nine percentage
points ahead of the previous year but 8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Ninety-three percent of the Nation’s
barley acreage was planted by May 31, one percentage point ahead of last year but 3 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. Seventy-four percent of the Nation’s barley acreage had emerged by May 31, six percentage points ahead of the
previous year but 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 31, sixty-nine percent of the Nation’s barley
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 19 percentage points below the same time last year.
By May 3, twenty-nine percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 10 percentage points ahead of last year but
14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 3, six percent of the Nation’s spring wheat crop had emerged,
2 percentage points ahead of last year but 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of May 17, sixty percent of
the spring wheat acreage was seeded, 3 percentage points behind last year and 20 percentage points behind the 5-year
average. As of May 17, thirty percent of the Nation’s spring wheat acreage had emerged, 9 percentage points ahead of last
year but 16 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of May 31, ninety-one percent of the Nation’s spring wheat
acreage had been seeded, 1 percentage point ahead of last year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of
May 31, sixty-seven percent of the Nation’s spring wheat acreage had emerged, 4 percentage points ahead of last year but
13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty percent of the Nation’s spring wheat was rated in good to
excellent condition, 6 percentage points above the same time last year.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 14 percent of the 2020 peanut acreage by May 3, four percentage points behind
last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Nationally, peanut producers had planted 46 percent of the
2020 peanut acreage by May 17, ten percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average.
Nationally, peanut producers had planted 78 percent of the 2020 peanut acreage by May 31, six percentage points behind
last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On May 31, sixty-eight percent of the Nation’s peanut
acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 7 percentage points above the same time last year.
By May 3, forty-nine percent of the Nation’s sugarbeet crop had been planted, 20 percentage points ahead of last year but
14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By May 31, ninety-nine percent of the Nation’s sugarbeet acreage had
been planted, 3 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average.
Four percent of the Nation’s intended 2020 sunflower acreage was planted by May 17, two percentage points ahead of last
year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Thirty-two percent of the Nation’s intended 2020 sunflower
acreage was planted by May 31, sixteen percentage points ahead of last year but 6 percentage points behind the 5-year
average.
Crop Production (June 2020) 31 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Comments
Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.27 billion bushels, up 1 percent from the May 1 forecast but down 3 percent
from 2019. As of June 1, the United States yield is forecast at 52.1 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushel from last month but
down 1.5 bushels from last year’s average yield of 53.6 bushels per acre. As of May 31, fifty-one percent of the winter
wheat acreage in the 18 major producing States was rated in good to excellent condition, 13 percentage points lower than
at the same time last year. Nationally, 77 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed by May 31, four percentage points
lower than the 5-year average pace. If realized, the 2020 United States winter wheat yield will be the third highest on
record.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the six Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are above last year’s level in Oklahoma but below in Colorado, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, and Texas. As of May 31, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas winter wheat was rated 42 percent, 56 percent, and
39 percent, in good to excellent condition, respectively. In Texas, winter wheat harvest was 32 percent complete,
11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace and was just getting underway in some areas of the
Northern High Plains.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the three Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio)
are below last year’s levels in Missouri but above last year’s levels in Illinois and Ohio. As of May 31, Illinois, Missouri,
and Ohio winter wheat was rated 56 percent, 40 percent, and 73 percent, in good to excellent condition, respectively.
Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in Washington are above last year. As of May 31, Idaho, Oregon,
and Washington winter wheat was rated 65 percent, 42 percent, and 85 percent, in good to excellent condition,
respectively.
Durum wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 7.17 million bushels, up
12 percent from last month and up 26 percent from last year.
Corn and Soybeans: Survey respondents in North Dakota who reported corn and soybean acreage as not yet harvested
during the surveys conducted in preparation for the Crop Production 2019 Summary, released January 10, 2020, were re-
contacted in late May to determine how many of those acres were actually harvested and record the actual production
from those acres. Based on this updated information, several changes were made to the estimates previously published in
the Crop Production 2019 Summary. Unharvested production is a component of on-farm stocks, therefore, changes were
made to the December 1 on-farm stocks levels comparable with the production adjustments.
Corn harvested area and yield estimates for the 2019 crop were reduced from the Crop Production 2019 Summary in
North Dakota. As a result of these changes in North Dakota, as well as changes in Michigan, Minnesota, South Dakota,
and Wisconsin that were published in the May 12 Crop Production report, 2019 corn production in the United States is
estimated at 13.6 billion bushels, down less than 1 percent from the Crop Production 2019 Summary.
Soybean harvested area and yield estimates for the 2019 crop were also reduced from the Crop Production 2019 Summary
in North Dakota. As a result of these changes in North Dakota, as well as changes in Michigan and Wisconsin that were
published in the May 12 Crop Production report, 2019 soybean production in the United States is estimated at 3.55 billion
bushels, down slightly from the Crop Production 2019 Summary.
Grapefruit: The United States 2019-2020 grapefruit crop is forecast at 612,000 tons, down slightly from the previous
forecast but up 2 percent from last season’s final utilization. In Florida, expected production, at 4.89 million boxes
(208,000 tons), is down slightly from the previous forecast but up 8 percent from last year. California and Texas
grapefruit production forecasts were carried forward from the previous forecast.
Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 968,000 tons, unchanged from
the previous forecast but down 13 percent from last season’s final utilization. The Florida tangerine and mandarin
forecast, at 1.02 million boxes (48,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but up 3 percent from last year’s
total boxes. The California tangerine and mandarin forecast was carried forward from the previous forecast.
32 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Cherries, Tart: United States tart cherry total production for 2020 is forecast at 197 million pounds, down 25 percent
from the 2019 production.
In Michigan, the largest tart cherry producing State, an early-May frost damaged the crop throughout the State and most
significantly in southwestern Michigan. In Wisconsin, growers reported some crop damage due to heavy winds and frost
during blossom. In Washington, growers expressed some concern due to freezing temperatures.
Cherries, Sweet: United States sweet cherry total production for 2020 is forecast at 334,000 tons, down 6 percent from
2019.
In California, growers reported sufficient chill, despite an unusually warm winter. Cool weather in March extended the
fruit growing season, which led to increased expected yields compared with the previous season. In Oregon and
Washington, severe cold snaps in February and mid-March had varying impacts across the region. The later blooming
varieties were well behind the rest of the crop, leading to lower expected yields, especially in Washington.
Maple syrup: The 2020 United States maple syrup production totaled 4.37 million gallons, up 5 percent from the revised
previous season. The number of taps totaled 13.5 million, up 1 percent from the revised 2019 total. Yield per tap was
0.324 gallon, up 0.012 gallon from the revised previous season.
The earliest sap flow reported was January 2 in New York. The latest sap flow reported to open the season was
February 15 in Wisconsin. On average, the season lasted 34 days, compared with 30 days in 2019. The 2019 United States
average price per gallon was $31.00, down $2.80 from 2018. Value of production, at $129 million for 2019, was
down 9 percent from the 2018 season.
Crop Production (June 2020) 33 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Statistical Methodology
Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 23 and June 8 to
gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted
for 74 percent of the 2019 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported
acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made
within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and
number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with
similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to
obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and
weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting
loss.
The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interview.
Approximately 3,400 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the probable yield
on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of
average yields.
Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in Florida. In
August and September last year, the number of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree was determined. In August
and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the
previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower surveys
on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in
September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.
Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for
reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather
patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Regional Field Office submits their
analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State
analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts.
Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield indications for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analysis of the current
situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their analysis to prepare
the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for California and Texas are carried forward from
April.
Revision policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month
throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing
season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks.
Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season
orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in August. The orange production estimates are
based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments,
and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.
Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the “Root Mean Square Error,” a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the June 1 production forecast and the
final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the
latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean Square Error.”
Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final
end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent
years.
34 Crop Production (June 2020) USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
The “Root Mean Square Error” for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 4.7 percent. This means that chances are
2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 4.7 percent.
Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 8.1 percent.
Also shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the June 1 forecast and
the final estimate. Using winter wheat again as an example, changes between the June 1 forecast and final estimate during
the last 20 years have averaged 56 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 166 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has
been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this
year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecasts [Based on data for the past twenty years]
Crop Root mean
square error
90 percent confidence
interval
Difference between forecast and final estimate
Production Years
Average Smallest Largest Below final
Above final
(percent) (percent) (millions) (millions) (millions) (number) (number)
Oranges 1 ................................................. tons Oranges 1 2 ........................................... tons Wheat Winter wheat .................................. bushels
1.8 1.9
4.7
3.1 3.3
8.1
111 122
56
18 23
4
272 272
166
9 7
10
11 10
10
1 Quantity is in thousands of units. 2 Excluding freeze and hurricane seasons.
Crop Production (June 2020) 35 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Information Contacts
Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact
for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to [email protected]
Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch ....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Chris Hawthorn, Head, Field Crops Section ......................................................................................... (202) 720-2127
Irwin Anolik – Crop Weather .......................................................................................................... (202) 720-7621
Joshua Bates – Oats, Soybeans ........................................................................................................ (202) 690-3234
David Colwell – Current Agricultural Industrial Reports ................................................................ (202) 720-8800
Chris Hawthorn – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum .................................................................... (202) 720-2127
James Johanson – Barley, County Estimates, Hay .......................................................................... (202) 690-8533
Greg Lemmons – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ............................................................................... (202) 720-9526
Jean Porter – Rye, Wheat ................................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068
John Stephens – Peanuts, Rice ......................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688
Travis Thorson – Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................................... (202) 720-7369
Vacant, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section ............................................................... (202) 720-2127
Fleming Gibson – Almonds, Apples, Apricots, Asparagus, Carrots, Coffee, Onions,
Plums, Prunes, Sweet Corn, Tobacco ........................................................................................ (202) 720-5412
Fleming Gibson – Cauliflower, Celery, Grapefruit, Lemons, Macadamia,
Mandarins and tangerines, Mushrooms, Olives, Oranges ......................................................... (202) 720-5412
Heidi Lanouette – Cranberries, Cucumbers, Pistachios, Potatoes, Pumpkins,
Raspberries, Squash, Strawberries, Sugarbeets, Sugarcane, Sweet Potatoes,
Tame Blueberries, Wild Blueberries ......................................................................................... (202) 720-4285
Dan Norris – Artichokes, Cantaloupes, Dry Edible Peas, Green Peas, Lentils,
Nectarines, Papayas, Peaches, Snap Beans, Spinach, Walnuts, Watermelons ........................... (202) 720-3250
Krishna Rizal – Dry Beans, Garlic, Hazelnuts, Honeydews, Kiwifruit, Lettuce,
Maple Syrup, Mint, Pears, Sweet Cherries, Tart Cherries, Tomatoes ....................................... (202) 720-2157
Dawn Smoker – Avocados, Bell Peppers, Broccoli, Cabbage, Chickpeas,
Chile Peppers, Dates, Floriculture, Grapes, Hops, Pecans ........................................................ (202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:
All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov
Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free
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For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540,
7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: [email protected].
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for
employment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where
applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's
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If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination
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