Crocodylian Snouts in Space and Time: Phylogenetic Approaches TowardAdaptive Radiation

8/2/2019 Crocodylian Snouts in Space and Time: Phylogenetic Approaches TowardAdaptive Radiation

1/22

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2/22

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3/22

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4/22

71=^OVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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5/22

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6/22

716ÔVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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7/22

7=> JOXFZPIÔGX B$ HXIJOW

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8/22

7=2ÔVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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9/22

7=8 JOXFZPIÔGX B$ HXIJOW

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10/22

7=:ÔVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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Xgzicwpfid }fpofd Egkizwjofdbg eizp~bxzfeidfiwzcv zwmmgzpz pobp pog |f~oiìdpRwfdkbdb ob` b hcwdp%zdiwpg` bdjgzpix$Pofz ebv dip hg bz jiwdpgxfdpwfpfqg bz fpflxzp ciikz$ Zieg ei`gxd hcwdp%zdiwpg` jxi%ji`vcfbdz /g$m$# pog `}bxa jbfebdz# ^bcgi%zwjowz& obqg zdiwpz pobp b~~xibjo bd ixgf%


11/22


AFM$ 7$ Zpxbpfmxb~ofj `fzpxfhwpfid ia hbzbc gwzwjofbdz# hbzg` id pog ~ovcimgdv zoi}d fd Afmwxg 8$ Pbb fd mxbvobqg dip hggd bdbcv|g` ~ovcimgdgpfjbccv bd` bxg ~cbjg` fd bd b~~xifebpg ~ovcimgdgpfj jidpgp id pog hbzfz iag~gjpg` xgcbpfidzof~z axie ~whcfzog` `gzjxf~pfidz ix gbefdbpfid ia aizzfc ebpgxfbc$

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/Mbqfbcif`gb# Piefzpiefdbg# ^xfzpfjobe~%zfdbg; Afmz$ 7 bd` =&$ Mcihf idpb fz dipzpxfjpcv xgzpxfjpg` pi z~gjfbcf|g` aixez# bz`gxfqg` Bccfmbpix bd` lbjbxgbd jbfebdz bxgmgdgxbcf|g`# hwp dgbxcv bcc Jxgpbjgiwz bd`Gbxcv Pgxpfbxv mcihf`idpbdz bxg hcwdp%zdiwp%g` /Afm$ 1 bd` idg efmop jidzf`gx pog


12/22


AFM$ 1$ Zpxbpfmxb~ofj `fzpxfhwpfid ia bccfmbpixif` jxiji vcfbdz# hbzg` id pog ~ovcimgdv zoi}d fd Afmwxg :$ Pbbfd mxbv obqg dip hggd bdbcv|g` ~ovcimgdgpfjbccv bd` bxg ~cbjg` fd bd b~~xifebpg ~ovcimgdgpfj jidpgp id poghbzfz ia g~gjpg` xgcbpfidzof~z axie ~whcfzog` `gzjxf~pfidz ix gbefdbpfid ia aizzfc ebpgxfbc$


13/22


AFM$ =$ Zpxbpfmxb~ofj `fzpxfhwpfid ia jxiji vcif` jxiji`vcfbdz# hbzg` id pog ~ovcimgdv zoi}d fd Afmwxg 0$ Pbbfd mxbv obqg dip hggd bdbcv|g` ~ovcimgdgpfjbccv /}fpo pog gjg~pfid ia Obx~bjijobe~zb& bd` bxg ~cbjg` fd bdb~~xifebpg ~ovcimgdgpfj jidpgp id pog hbzfz ia g~gjpg` xgcbpfidzof~z axie ~whcfzog` `gzjxf~pfidz ix gbef%

dbpfid ia aizzfc ebpgxfbc$

mxiw~ pi obqg hggd b z~gjfbcf|g` jcb`g bppobp pfeg$

Z~gjfbcf|g` jcb`gz flxzp b~~gbxfdm fd pogCbpg Jxgpbjgiwz ix Gbxcv Pgxpfbxv pgd` pi

obqg hxib` mgimxb~ofj `fzpxfhwpfidz$ Mbqf%bcif`z# flxzp kdi}d fd pog Jbe~bdfbd# obqghggd aiwd` id bcc jidpfdgdpz gjg~p Bwzpxb%cfb bd` Bdpbxjpfjb; pog gbxcfgzp%kdi}d pbb


14/22

7==ÔVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

bxg aiwd` fd ebxmfdbc ebxfdg `g~izfpz iaDixpo Begxfjb bd` Gwxi~g jfxjwezjxfhfdmpog Bpcbdpfj /Poixbjizbwxwz bd`# ~xihbhcv#Pogjbjobe~zif`gz; zgg Pxig`zzgd# 2680;

Pxigcc# 2687; ^fqgpgbw# 268=; Jbx~gdpgx#26?:; Zjo}feegx# 26?1; Dixgcc bd` Zpixxz#26?1 bd` hv pog gd` ia pog Gijgdg pogvbxg bczi kdi}d axie Baxfjb bd` ebfdcbd`Bzfb /Hxijow# 8>>2&$ Zieg Gwxi~gbd Gi%jgdg aizzfcz# zwjo bz Gizwjowz /flmwxg` fdZ}fdpid# 26:= ebv xg~xgzgdp mbqfbcif z/Hxijow# 8>>2&; fzicbpg` pggpo axie pog cbpgxPgxpfbxv ia Gwxi~g obqg hggd xgagxxg` pipofz mxiw~ /Bdpwdgz# 2660 hwp F be zkg~%pfjbc pobp pggpo jbd hg bzzfmdg` pi zwjo b~xgjfzg pbidiefj cgqgc$ ]ogd pogv flxzp bx%xfqg` fd Ziwpo Begxfjb fz wdkdi}d# hwppogv bxg `gfldfpgcv ~xgzgdp pogxg axie pog

Icfmijgdg /Mbz~bxfdf# 2661; Cbdmzpid bd`Mbz~bxfdf# 266= bd` axbmegdpbxv xgebfdzaxie pog Zicieid Fzcbd`z zwmmgzp pog ~xgz%gdjg ia b zebcc mbqfbcif` pogxg fd pog cbpgxPgxpfbxv /Bikf# 26??; Eicdbx# 26?8&$

Piefzpiefdgz obqg b zfefcbxcv hxib` `fz%pxfhwpfid# flxzp b~~gbxfdm fd Gwxi~g fd pogci}gxeizp Gijgdg /Jxiji`vcwz z~gdjgxfbd` b qbxfgpv ia ipogx Gwxi~gbd aizzfcz pobpebv xg~xgzgdp pog zbeg pbid# zwjo bz @ic%cizwjowz; zgg `g \fmdi# 2??> bd` Z}fdpid#26:=& hwp bczi b~~gbxfdm fd pog ]gzpgxdOgefz~ogxg /g$m$# Bwaagdhgxm# 2670; Hxbe%hcg bd` Owpjofzid# 26=2; Gxfjkzid bd`

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z~xgb` jcb`gz fd pog Cbpg Jxgpbjgiwz bd`Jgdi|ifj# ix }g obqg idg; eicgjwcbx gqf%`gdjg bmxggz }fpo eix~oicimv pobp zcgd`gx%zdiwpg` Jxiji`vcwz bxg wdxgcbpg` pi gfpogx

Mbqfbcfz ix Piefzpieb /îg# 2661; Hxijowbd` @gdzeixg# 8>>2& bd` bxg zfcgdp bhiwppog ~cbjgegdp ia jie~cgpgcv gpfdjp zcgd%`gx%zdiwpg` pbb zwjo bz Gwpogjiìd$

^xfzpfjobe~zfdgz bxg aiwd` hxib`cvpoxiwmoiwp Dixpo Begxfjb bd` Gwxbzfbpoxiwmoiwp pog Gbxcv Pgxpfbxv /Afmz$ 8# 7&$Pog idcv pbb kdi}d axie xgbzidbhcv jie%~cgpg ebpgxfbc bxg axie pog ^bcgijgdg bd`Gijgdg /Kwod# 26:?; Hgxm# 2611; Cbdm%zpid# 26=7; Cf# 26?0; Gfleiq# 266:; Xizz%ebdd# 266? hwp cgzz jie~cgpg axbmegdpz/fzicbpg` bppgdg`# zgxxbpg` pggpo& bxgkdi}d axie poxiwmoiwp pog Dixpogxd

Ogefz~ogxg `wxfdm pog Pgxpfbxv /Hxbehcgbd` Owpjofzid# 26=2; Hwaagpbwp# 26=?; Hbx%pgcz# 26?:; Hwzhgv# 26?1; Mfdmgxfjo# 26?6;Zbo bd` Zjocgfjo# 266>; Obdzid# 2661&$Pofz ewzp hg b~~xibjog` }fpo jbxg# bz bp%pgdg`# zgxxbpg` pggpo ijjwx fd`g~gd`gdpcv fdipogx jxiji`vcfaixe mxiw~z# fdjcw`fdm zgq%gxbc iwpzf`g Jxiji`vcfb fd pog Ic` ]ixcPgxpfbxv /Hgxm# 2611; Hwaagpbwp# 26?8j#26??; Qbzzg# 2667; Ixpgmb gp bc$# 2667&$Eixgiqgx# }g ì dip kdi} fa pogzg xg~xg%zgdp ixgfdfxizpxbc bdfebcz# bz pog zdiwp fpzgcafz wdkdi}d$ Dgqgxpogcgzz# pogxg fz mii` gq%f`gdjg pobp ^xfzpfjobe~zfdbg }bz b }f g%

z~xgb` jcb`g fd pog Dixpogxd Ogefz~ogxg bpcgbzp `wxfdm pog ^bcgijgdg bd` Gijgdg$

Bccfmbpixif`z bxg aiwd` bcc iqgx DixpoBegxfjb bd` Gwxbzfb poxiwmoiwp pog CbpgJxgpbjgiwz bd` Pgxpfbxv$ Pbid zbe~cfdmxggjpg` fd Afmwxgz : bd` 1 fz ìefdbpg`hv Dg} ]ixc` aixez# hwp zgqgxbc Gwxi~gbdbd` Bzfbd mcihfìdpbdz dip fdjcw`g` fd pog~bxzfeidv bdbcvzfz bxg kdi}d# fdjcw fdmBccfmbpix cwfjwz# Gibccfmbpix# bd` Bjv%diìd /Viwdm# 2610; Cf bd` ]bdm# 26?=;Hwzjbcfidf gp bc$# 266= pobp fdjxgbzg pogkdi}d `fqgxzfpv ia pog mxiw~ fd pog Ic]ixc`$

Jidqgxzgcv# z~gjfbcf|g` pbb b~~gbxfdmcbpgx fd pog Pgxpfbxv pgd` pi hg eixg hfi%mgimxb~ofjbccv xgzpxfjpg`# bd` pogv pgd` pihg ~bxpz ia jcb`gz fdjcw`fdm ewcpf~cg zdiwpeix~oicimfgz$ Zcgd`gx zdiwpz bxizg bp cgbzpaiwx pfegz fd`g~gd`gdpcv bapgx pog Gijgdg/Afmz$ 0# =&Gwpogjiìd axie Baxfjb bd`


15/22

7=? JOXFZPIÔGX B$ HXIJOW

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16/22


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17/22

7?> JOXFZPI^OGX B$ HXIJOW

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18/22

7?2^OVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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19/22

7?8 JOXFZPI^OGX B$ HXIJOW

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20/22

7?:^OVCIMGDV BD@ B@B^PFQG XB@FBPFID

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21/22

7?0 JOXFZPI^OGX B$ HXIJOW

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Crocodylian Snouts in Space and Time: Phylogenetic Approaches TowardAdaptive Radiation