Credentialing Human Resource for Health

7/28/2019 Credentialing Human Resource for Health

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GIGIVI ECHHBAB CM JR\UNJA

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s!h!etn%j K phie!!jt !1!rens!s.

THIEBGBJV VBIG

8)r e)rr!jt phie!!jt t!i e%jsnsts %& i phie!!jt e%%rfnjit%r K &%)r

ieif!ne t)t%rs, !ie` /nt` sp!enihnst -j%/h!f$! r!h!ijt t% t`! f!$r!!

e%)rs!s %) )jf!r t`! s)p!rnsn%j ir! st)fnj$. V`!s! t)t%rs ifne! ijf

s)pp%rt %) t`r%)$`%)t %)r pr!piritn%j &%r phie!!jt.

T\CGCVNCJ

NJV\CFREVNCJ

V`! pr%%tn%j p%hne ns %j! %& t`! %st e%jtr%!rsnih nss)!s nj !!r

%r$ijn+itn%j. V`! iji$!!jt )s)ihh &i%)rs pr%%tn%j %j t`! 'isns %&

!rnts, ijf t`! )jn%js !`!!jth %pp%s! nt ' sinj$ tìt

iji$!!jts r!s%rt t% &i%)rntns. V`! )jn%js $!j!rihh &i%)r

pr%%tn%js %j t`! 'isns %& s!jn%rnt. Nt ns `!je! !ss!jtnih t% !1inj! t`ns

nss)! ijf irrn! it ij inei'h! s%h)tn%j.

FBMNJNVNCJ

I eìj$! &%r '!tt!r pr%sp!ets &r% %j! 2%' t% ij%t`!r 2%' ns f!!!f '

t`! !ph%!! is i pr%%tn%j.

MIEVC\U NGTH8NJA T\CGCVNCJ


13/51

V`! &iet%rs /`ne` ir! e%jsnf!r!f ' !ph%!!s is nphnj$ pr%%tn%j

ir!?

Ij njer!is! nj sihir

Ij njer!is! nj pr!stn$!

Ij )p/irf %!!jt nj t`! `n!rire` %& 2%'s

Iffntn%jih s)p!rns%r r!sp%jsn'nhnt I '!tt!r &)t)r!

JIVR\B IJF UECTB CM T\CGCVNCJ

Ubj'("'. /b"sus 9b"'s

V`!r! ìs '!!j $r!it f!ih %& e%jtr%!rs %!r t`! r!hitn! ih)!s %&

s!jn%rnt ijf !rnt nj ij sst! %& pr%%tn%j. U!jn%rnt /nhh ih/is

r!inj i &iet%r t% '! e%jsnf!r!f, ')t t`!r! '! )e` $r!it!r %pp%rt)jnt&%r !en!jt p!rs%jj!h, nrr!sp!etn! %& t`!nr s!jn%rnt, t% %! )p sp!!fnh

n& !rnt ns )s!f is t`! 'isns &%r pr%%tn%js. Nt ns %&t!j sinf tìt it h!ist &%r

t`! h%/!r rij-s, s!jn%rnt ih%j! s`%)hf '! t`! ernt!rn%j &%r pr%%tn%j. 8j!

eijj%t i$r!! /nt` t`ns. V`! ()ihnt %& /%r- ns %r! np%rtijt nj t`! h%/!r

rij-s is nj t`! `n$`!r.

T\CGCVNCJ TCHNE8

V`! pr%%tn%j p%hne ns %j! %& t`! %st e%jtr%!rsnih nss)!s nj !!r

%r$ijn+itn%j. V`! iji$!!jt )s)ihh &i%)rs pr%%tn%j %j t`! 'isns %&

!rnts, ijf t`! )jn%js %pp%snt! ' sinj$ tìt iji$!!jt r!s%rt t%

&i%)rntns. V`! )jn%js $!j!rihh &i%)r pr%%tn%js %j t`! 'isns %&

s!jn%rnt. %/!!r, nj prietne!, '%t` s!jn%rnt ijf i'nhnt ernt!rni s`%)hf '!

ti-!j njt% e%jsnf!ritn%j ')t nj %rf!r t% ihhi t`! s)spnen%)s %& t`! trif!)jn%js, t`!r! s`%)hf '! /rntt!j pr%%tn%j p%hne /`ne` s`%)hf '! eh!irh

)jf!rst%%f ' ihh.

IF]IJVIABU CM I UCRJF T\CGCVNCJ TCHNE8

=r% i sen!jtn*e iji$!!jt n!/ p%njt, i s%)jf pr%%tn%j p%hne ìs

ij ifijti$!s.


14/51

Nt pr%nf!s ij nje!jtn! t% !ph%!! t% /%r- %r! ijf s`%/ njt!r!st

nj t`!nr /%r-. V`! p)t nj t`!nr '!st nj t`!nr '!st ijf in &%r

pr%%tn%j /nt`nj t`! %r$ijn+itn%j. Nt f!!h%ps h%iht i%j$st t`! !ph%!!s, '!ei)s! i s%)jf

pr%%tn%j p%hne iss)r!s t`! %& t`!nr pr%%tn%js n& t`! ir! &%)jf

*t. Nt njer!is!s sitns&ietn%j i%j$ t`! !ph%!!s.

Nt $!j!rit!s $r!it!r %tnitn%j is t`! f% j%t ì! t% f!p!jf %j

!r! s!jn%rnt &%r tìt ifije!!jt. I s%)jf pr%%tn%j p%hne r!tinjs e%p!t!jt !ph%!!s, ijf

pr%nf!s t`! iph! %pp%rt)jntn!s t% rns! &)rt`!r

UCHRVNCJ VC T\CGCVNCJ T\C7HBGU

Fne)ht `)ij r!hitn%js pr%'h! eij irns! nj pr%%tn%j eis!s.

V`!s! pr%'h!s i '! r!f)e!f t% t`! njn) n& !1tri ijf

&%hh%/nj$ prnjenph!s ir! %'s!r!f.

Nj pr%%tnj$ ij !ph%!! t% i '!tt!r 2%', `ns sihir s`%)hf '! it

h!ist %j! st!p i'%! `ns pr!s!jt sihir.

Up!en*e 2%' sp!en*eitn%js /nhh !ji'h! ij !ph%!! t% r!ihn+! /`!t`!r

%r j%t `ns ()ihn*eitn%js ir! !()ih t% t`%s! eihh!f &%r. V`!r! s`%)hf '!

i /!hh>f!*j!f phij &%r nj&%rnj$ pr%sp!etn! !ph%!!s i -j%/

t`! irn%)s i!j)!s &%r t`!nr pr%%tn%j. V`! %r$ijn+itn%j eìrt ijf pr%%tn%j eìrts s`%)hf '! if! s% tìt

!ph%!!s i -j%/ t`! irn%)s i!j)!s &%r t`!nr pr%%tn%j.

\BVBJVNCJ

JR\UB \BVBJVNCJ

nt` j% !jf nj sn$`t &%r t`! jitn%j0s j)rsnj$ s`%rti$!, `%spntihs ir!

phienj$ $r!it!r !pìsns %j r!tinjnj$ t`!nr e)rr!jt \J sti4. Nt0s i

e%ph!1 pr%e!ss, r!()nrnj$ nj>f!pt` -j%/h!f$! %& t`! j!!fs ijf /ijts %&t`! j)rsnj$ sti4 ijf h%ts %& er!itnnt.

V`! str!ss!s %& t`! 2%' eij '! e%p%)jf!f ' r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s %)tsnf! %&

t`! /%r-phie!. %spntihs ir! f%nj$ /ìt t`! eij t% s)pp%rt j)rs!s %j i

p!rs%jih h!!h, /`ne` ns /`!r! er!itnnt %sth e%!s njt% phi.

FBMNJNVNCJ


15/51

Uti4 e`%%s! t% sti &%r h%j$ p!rn%fs /nt`nj i e%st e!jtr!, t)rj%!r ns

)jf!r ns 9C ijj)ihh.

NGTC\VIJEB CM UVIMM \BVBJVNCJ

V`! ifijti$!s %& sti4 r!t!jtn%j ir! &inrh eh!ir. G%st np%rtijth

p!rìps, -! s-nhhs, nf!is, -j%/h!f$! ijf !1p!rn!je! r!inj /nt`nj

%)r %r$ijn+itn%j. Ehn!jt r!hitn%js`nps ijf j!t/%r-s ir! ihs%

pr!s!r!f nj e%j2)jetn%j /nt` ihh t`! nje%! tìt t`!s! ir!is

$!j!rit!.

E%j!rs!h, h%snj$ %)r -! !ph%!!s his %p!j t`! p%ssn'nhnt tìt

t`!s! p!%ph! /nhh tìj iss)! r%h!s /nt` %)r fnr!et e%p!tnt%rs. Is

i r!s)ht t`%s! njih)i'h! s-nhhs, nf!is, -j%/h!f$!, !1p!rn!je!,

r!hitn%js`nps ijf j!t/%r-s ir! ihh trijs&!rr!f t% ij%t`!r

%r$ijn+itn%j.

8j t%p %& ihh t`!s! t`!r! ir! ihs% fnr!et e%sts nj%h!f nj h%snj$ -!

!ph%!!s. V`! e%st %& r!phienj$ s)e` ij njfnnf)ih njeh)f!s

if!rtnsnj$, r!er)nt!jt i$!je &!!s ijf t`! tn! sp!jt e%jf)etnj$

iet)ih njt!rn!/ pr%e!ss.

JNJB T\NJENTHBU VC @BHT MCUVB\ UVIMM \BVBJVNCJ

62 \bs4b%=uh %(hhb#'ih %(99uj'%i'(j ij !b>i/'(u"

Y V!i %rn!jtitn%j

Y Tr!s!je! %& tr)st

Y \!sp!et &%r fn!rsnt


16/51

)2 E(99uj'%i'(j-"'%> %uhu"b

Y Eh!ir ijf r!sp!et&)h

Y 8p!j ijf tr)stnj$

2 I %uhu"b (= i%%(uji!'h'.Y \%h! !1p!etitn%js ir! eh!irh f!*j!f

Y B!r%j! ns iee%)jti'h!

12 V>b 4"bsbj%b (= ib:uib ju9!b"s (= :uih'3b ju"sbs

Y I'nhnt t% pr%nf! ()ihnt eir! t% !!t ehn!jtpitn!jt j!!fs

Y %r- ijf `%! hn&! 'ihije!

02 V>b 4"bsbj%b (= b+4b", %(94bbj, %"b'!hb, /'s'!hb hbib"s>'4

Y U!r! is ij if%eit! &%r j)rsnj$ prietne!

Y U)pp%rt sìr!f f!ensn%j>i-nj$

Y Ihh%eit! r!s%)re!s t% s)pp%rt j)rsnj$.

D2 U>i"b b%'s'(j-9i'j# i ihh hb/bhs

Y J)rs!s pirtnenpit! nj sst!, %r$ijn+itn%jih ijf pr%e!ss f!ensn%js

Y =%rih str)et)r! !1nsts t% s)pp%rt sìr!f f!ensn%j>i-nj$

Y J)rs!s ì! e%jtr%h %!r t`!nr prietne!.

L2 V>b bj%(u"i#b9bj (= 4"(=bss'(jih 4"i%'%b ij %(j'jub

#"(w> b/bh(49bj

Y E%jtnj)nj$ !f)eitn%je!rtn*eitn%j ns s)pp%rt!f!je%)ri$!f

Y Tirtnenpitn%j nj pr%&!ssn%jih iss%enitn%j !je%)ri$!f

Y Ij nj&%ritn%j>rne` !jnr%j!jt ns s)pp%rt!f.

2 \b%(#j''(j (= >b /ihub (= ju"s'j#s %(j"'!u'(j

Y \!/irf ijf pi &%r p!r&%rije!.


17/51

2 \b%(#j''(j (= ju"sbs =(" >b'" 9bij'j#=uh %(j"'!u'(j ( >b

4"i%'%b

Y Eir!!r %'nhnt ijf !1pijsn%j

MN]B E@I\IEVB\NUVNEU CM UREEBUUMRH \BE\RNVGBJV IJF

\BVBJVNCJ T\CA\IGU

9. U)stinj!f h!if!rs`np e%nt!jt t% /%r-&%re! is i strit!$ne

np!ritn!.

5. I e)ht)r! e!jtr!f %j !ph%!!s ijf pitn!jts.

6. %r- /nt` %t`!r %r$ijn+itn%js t% iffr!ss /%r-&%re! j!!fs

D. Ust!itne ijf str)et)r!f ippr%ie`

. B1e!hh!je! nj `)ij r!s%)re! prietne!

VB\GNJIVNCJ

NJV\CFREVNCJ

=nrnj$ ij !ph%!! /`% ns )ji'h! t% !!t r!is%ji'h! e%pij

pr%f)etn%j stijfirfs ns e%%j. I j)'!r %& !1pr!ssn%js ir! e%%jh

)s!f t% f!sern'! snt)itn%js /`!j !ph%!jt ns t!rnjit!f. V`!s!

njeh)f! h!t $%, fnseìr$!f, fnsnss!f, *r!f ijf p!rij!jth hinf

%4. V!rnjitn%j %r *rnj$ ij !ph%!! f%!s j%t ì! t% '! t`! /%rst

!1p!rn!je! %& %)r !ir. ^%) eij )s! t`! %eeisn%j t% !1inj! /ìt /!jt


18/51

/r%j$ nj t`! !ph%!jt r!hitn%js`np. Iss)nj$ t`! t!rnjitn%j ns &%r i

nsite`, %) eij `!hp t`! !ph%!! ')nhf s!h&>!st!! f!spnt! t`!nr

!ph%!jt t!rnjitn%j. ^%) eij !je%)ri$! t`! !ph%!! t% h%%- i`!if

ijf $!t stirt!f %j i j!/ 2%' s!ire`. B!j n& t`! *rnj$ ns &%r j%j>

p!r&%rije!, %) /ijt t% !jf t`! r!hitn%js`np %j i p%sntn! j%t!.

FBMNJNVNCJU

9. V!rnjitn%j ns t`! !ph%!!s f!pirt)r! it t`! `ijfs %& t`!

!ph%!r.

5. V!rnjitn%j ns t`! *jih st!p nj

t`! pr%$r!ssn!!ph%!!fnsenphnj!pr%e!ss/`!r! `ns %r

`!r !ph%!jt/nt` t`! !ph%!rns p!rij!jth s!!r!f.

6. Eije!hhitn%j ' i e)st%!r, !nt`!r nj /`%h! %r nj pirt, %&

ij /%r-%r p!r&%rije!r!injnj$ t% '! f%j! )jf!r i e%jtriet.

U!! ihs% t!rnjitn%j &%r e%j!jn!je!ijf t!rnjitn%j &%r f!&i)ht.

V8TBU

V`!r! ir! t/% 'isne tp!s %& nj%h)jtir t!rnjitn%j, -j%/j %&t!j is

'!nj$ *r!f ijf hinf %4.

F's9'ssih

Fnsnssih ns /`!r! t`! !ph%!r e`%%s!s t% r!()nr! t`! !ph%!! t%

h!i!, $!j!rihh &%r i r!is%j /`ne` ns t`! &i)ht %& t`! !ph%!!. V`! %st

e%%j e%hh%()nih t!r &%r fnsnssih nj I!rnei ns $!ttnj$ *r!f

/`!r!is nj Lrntinj t`! t!r $!ttnj$ t`! sie- ns )s!f.

Hi.(

I h!ss s!!r! &%r %& nj%h)jtir t!rnjitn%j ns %&t!j r!&!rr!f t% is i

hi%4"ihs% r!f)jfije %r '!nj$ if! r!f)jfijt nj Lrntns` Bj$hns`#. I

hi%4 ns )s)ihh j%t strneth r!hit!f t% p!rs%jih p!r&%rije!, ')t njst!if

f)! t% !e%j%neeeh!s %r t`! e%pijs j!!f t% r!str)et)r! nts!h&, t`!

*r nts!h& $%nj$ %)t %& ')snj!ss %r i e`ij$! nj t`! &)jetn%j %& t`!

!ph%!r "&%r !1iph!, i e!rtinj tp! %& pr%f)et %r s!rne! ns j% h%j$!r
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/progressive.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employee.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/discipline.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/process.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employment.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employer.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/customer.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/work.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/performance.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/contract.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/termination-for-convenience.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/termination-for-default.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layoffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economyhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employee.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/discipline.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/process.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employment.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/employer.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/customer.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/work.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/performance.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/contract.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/termination-for-convenience.htmlhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/termination-for-default.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layoffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economyhttp://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/progressive.html


19/51

%4!r!f ' t`! e%pij ijf t`!r!&%r! 2%'s r!hit!f t% tìt pr%f)et %r

s!rne! ir! j% h%j$!r j!!f!f#. 8j! tp! %& hi%4 ns t`! i$$r!ssn! hi%4

nj s)e` i snt)itn%j, t`! !ph%!! ns hinf %4, ')t j%t r!phie!f is t`! 2%' ns

!hnnjit!f. 8&t!j, hi%4s %ee)r is i r!s)ht %& f%/jsn+nj$, r!f)etn%j nj

&%re! %r r!f)jfije.

IVV\NVNCJ

U%! e%pijn!s r!s%rt t% ittrntn%j "%h)jtir r!f)jfije nj Lrntns`

Bj$hns`# is i !ijs t% r!f)e! t`!nr /%r-&%re!. Rjf!r s)e` i phij, j%

!ph%!!s ir! &%re!f t% h!i! t`!nr 2%'s. %/!!r, t`%s! /`% f% f!pirt

%h)jtirnh ir! j%t r!phie!f. Iffntn%jihh, !ph%!!s ir! $n!j t`! %ptn%j

t% r!sn$j nj !1eìj$! &%r i *1!f i%)jt %& %j!, &r!()!jth i &!/ !irs

%& t`!nr sihir.

T\CEBFR\BU CM VB\GNJIVNCJ

Vb"9'ji'(j !. 9uuih i#"bb9bj

U%! t!rnjitn%js %ee)r is i r!s)ht %& )t)ih i$r!!!jt '!t/!!j t`!

!ph%!r ijf !ph%!!. `!j t`ns ìpp!js, nt ns s%!tn!s f!'iti'h! n&

t`! t!rnjitn%j /is tr)h )t)ih. Nj ij %& t`!s! eis!s, nt /is %rn$njihh

t`! !ph%!rs /ns` &%r t`! !ph%!! t% f!pirt, ')t t`! !ph%!r %4!r!f

t`! )t)ih t!rnjitn%j i$r!!!jt nj %rf!r t% s%&t!j t`! *rnj$ "is nj i

mcrebf rbsnajitncj#. L)t t`!r! ir! ihs% tn!s /`!j i t!rnjitn%j fit! ns

i$r!!f )p%j '!&%r! t`! !ph%!jt stirts "is nj ij !ph%!jt

e%jtriet#.

U(9b .4bs (= b"9'ji'(j !. 9uuih i#"bb9bj 'j%hub

i2V`! !jf %& ij !ph%!jt e%jtriet &%r i sp!en*!f p!rn%f %& tn!

"s)e` is ij njt!rjs`np#!2 Gijfit%r r!tnr!!jt. U%! %ee)pitn%js, s)e` is e%!renih inrhnj!

pnh%ts, &ie! ijfit%r r!tnr!!jt it i e!rtinj i$!.%2 =%re!f r!sn$jitn%j

E>ij#bs (= %(j''(js

=nrs tìt /ns` &%r ij !ph%!! t% !1nt %& `ns %r `!r %/j iee%rf ')t f%

j%t /ns` t% p)rs)! *rnj$ %r &%re!f r!sn$jitn%j, i f!$rif! t`!
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_retirementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airlinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandatory_retirementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airlinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviator


20/51

!ph%!!s /%r-nj$ e%jfntn%js, `%pnj$ tìt `! %r s`! /nhh h!i!

%h)jtirnh.

V`! !ph%!! i '! %!f t% i fn4!r!jt $!%$rip`neih h%eitn%j,

issn$j!f t% ij )jf!snri'h! s`n&t, $n!j t%% &!/ `%)rs n& pirt tn!,

f!%t!f "%r r!h!$it!f t% i !jnih tis-#, %r issn$j!f t% /%r- nj

)je%&%rti'h! e%jfntn%js. 8t`!r &%rs %& ijnp)hitn%ji '! )s!f, s)eìs '!nj$ )j&inrh `%stnh! t% t`! !ph%!!, ijf p)jns`nj$ `n %r `!r &%r

t`nj$s tìt ir! f!hn'!rit!h %!rh%%-!f /nt` %t`!r !ph%!!s.

8&t!j, t`!s! tietnes ir! f%j! s% tìt t`! !ph%!r /%jt ì! t% *hh %)t

t!rnjitn%j pip!rs nj 2)rnsfnetn%js /nt`%)t it>/nhh !ph%!jt. Nj

iffntn%j, /nt` i &!/ !1e!ptn%js, !ph%!!s /`% %h)jtirnh h!i!

$!j!rihh eijj%t e%hh!et )j!ph%!jt '!j!*ts.

U)e` tietnes i i%)jt t% e%jstr)etn! fnsnssih, /`ne` ns nhh!$ih nj

s%! 2)rnsfnetn%js

\b>'"b =(hh(w'j# b"9'ji'(j

F!p!jfnj$ %j t`! enre)stije!s, %j! /`%s! !ph%!jt ìs '!!j

t!rnjit!f i %r i j%t '! i'h! t% '! r!`nr!f ' t`! si! !ph%!r.

N& t`! f!ensn%j t% t!rnjit! /is t`! !ph%!!s, t`! /nhhnj$j!ss %& t`!

!ph%!r t% r!`nr! ns %&t!j e%jtnj$!jt )p%j t`! r!hitn%js`np t`! !ph%!!

ìf /nt` t`! !ph%!r, t`! i%)jt %& j%tne! $n!j ' t`! !ph%!! prn%r

t% f!pirt)r!, ijf t`! j!!fs %& t`! !ph%!r. Nj s%! eis!s, /`!j ij

!ph%!! f!pirt!f %j $%%f t!rs, s`! i '! $n!j sp!enih prn%rnt '

t`! !ph%!r /`!j s!!-nj$ r!`nr!.

Ij !ph%!! /`% /is *r!f ' ij !ph%!r i nj s%! eis!s '! !hn$n'h!

&%r r!`nr! ' tìt si! !ph%!r, iht`%)$` nj s%! eis!s nt ns )s)ihh

r!hit!f t% stij$ nss)!s.

Ij !ph%!! i '! t!rnjit!f wnt`cut prboufneb, !ijnj$ t`! *r!f!ph%!! i '! r!`nr!f r!ifnh &%r t`! si! %r i snnhir 2%' nj t`!

&)t)r!. V`ns ns )s)ihh tr)! nj t`! eis! %& hi%4.

E%j!rs!h, i p!rs%j eij '! t!rnjit!f wnt` prboufneb, !ijnj$ ij

!ph%!r /nhh j%t r!`nr! t`! &%r!r !ph%!! t% i snnhir 2%' nj t`! &)t)r!.

V`ns eij '! &%r ij r!is%js? nje%p!t!je!, nse%jf)et "s)e` is
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shift_workhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demotionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At-will_employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment_benefitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_dismissalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shift_workhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Part_timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demotionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological_manipulationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/At-will_employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment_benefitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive_dismissal


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fns`%j!st %r +!r% t%h!rije! n%hitn%js#, njs)'%rfnjitn%j %r ittnt)f!

"p!rs%jihnt ehis`!s /nt` p!!rs %r '%ss!s#.

V!rnjitn%j &%rs "pnj- shnps# r%)tnj!h njeh)f! i s!t %& e`!e- '%1!s

/`!r! i s)p!rns%r eij njfneit! /nt` pr!2)fne! %r /nt`%)t pr!2)fne!.

6 \BIUCJU VC ABV MN\BF

i2 @'#> i!sbjbb's9 "ib 7b'j# hib (=bj? F)rnj$ %)r tn!

/%r-nj$ &%r i e%pij, t`! %/j %)r tn! tìt %) ir! %j sti4

"!1e!pt &%r tn! %4. J!!r '! hit! ijf j!!r $% t% /%r- /nt`%)t ij

!1e)s!. Gij e%pijn!s ì! p%hnen!s tìt ir! sn$j!f it !ph%!jt

tìt stit! n& %) ir! hit! i's!jt &%r 6 /%r-fis, ir! %)t.

!2 Tb"=("9'j# iss sh(wh. ij w'> b""("s? Bph%!! j!!f t% nj!st

`ns tn! njt% %)r 2%', ijf p!r&%r /!hh. L!nj$ sh%pp ijf nj!en!jt

/%jt e)t nt. N& %) ir! t`! tp! %& !ph%!! tìt ns ih/is is-!f t%r!f% t`!nr /%r- %!r ijf %!r, !1p!et t% $!t *r!f n& %) eijj%t t)rj

tìt ir%)jf.

%2 Rji!hb ( ( iss'#j iss? Bph%!!s eij e%jnje! !ph%!rs

t`r%)$` t`!nr njt!rn!/ ijf i-! ij npr!ssn! r!s)!. Ij%j! eij

stit! tìt t`! eij f% i tis- t% $!t i 2%' > ')t eij %) pr%! ntH L!nj$

ei)$`t )ji'h! t% p!r&%r f)tn!s %j t`! 2%' eij h!if t% '!nj$ *r!f

)jh!ss %) h!irj t`%s! s-nhhs ()ne-h.

2 Nj%(js'sbj ij uj"bh'i!hb w(" !b>i/'("s? Bph%!! )st

p!r&%r it `ns '!st h!!h !!r fi it %)r 2%'. Bph%!!s eij ì!

t`!nr %4 fis ')t t`ns eij j!!r '! !!r fi. ^%)r %)tp)t t% t`!

e%pij s`%)hf ih/is '!j!*t nt. V`ns !ijs %)r '!ìn%rs ijf

pr%f)etnnt )st '! sti'h! ijf e%jsnst!jt.

b2 \b=us'j# ( =(hh(w '"b%'(js ij ("b"s? =n$)r! t`ns %)t. ^%)r '%ss

t!hhs %) t% p!r&%r i tis- ijf %) r!&)s!, f% t`ns )htnph! tn!s ijf%)r! h%%-nj$ &%r i j!/ 2%'. `nh! %) ir! $!ttnj$ pinf, t`! e%pij

%/js %)r /%r-nj$ tn!, ijf %) )st &%hh%/ %)r '%ss!s s)p!rns%rs

%rf!rs. J%/, %) f% ì! t`! i'nhnt t% pr%p%s! i j!/ nf!i ')t %)

)st $% )s! t`! rn$`t eìjj!hs t% f% s%.J%/, n& %) ir! is-!f t% f% s%!t`nj$ nhh!$ih, )j!t`neih %r n%rih %)

j!!f t% ti-! stijf nj i pr%&!ssn%jih ijj!r.


22/51

&. Rji!hb ( #b ih(j# w'> (>b"s? V`! t!r U%enih N7 "s%!tn!s

B7# i ì! ij !4!et %j %)r i'nhnt t% $!t ih%j$. `nh! s%! p!%ph!

ir! h%j!rs ijf %t`!rs s%en%pit`ne > )st h!irj t% '! ennh. G!jtih ijf

p!rs%jihnt fns%rf!rs /nhh iht!r t`ns.

#2 F"u# ij Ih%(>(h i!usb? I')s! %& frnj-nj$ ijf f%nj$ fr)$s h!ifs t%

nje%jsnst!jt /%r-, !rr%rs, ìnj$ ieenf!jts ijf p%%r njt!rp!rs%jih /%r-

!t`nes, is /!hh is `n$` i's!jt!!ns. V`! ihs% h%/!r %rih!, r!!et

p%%rh %j t`! e%pij ijf ij %t`!r j!$itn!s. F%nj$ fr)$s ijf

frnj-nj$ %j t`! 2%' i r!s)ht nj njstijt t!rnjitn%j is /!hh.

>2 7b'j# 's>(jbs, Bs4'(ji#b ij V>b=?`!j!!r !ph%!! ir! it

phie! %& !ph%!jt "%j t`! eh%e- %r j%t# ir! '!nj$ 2)f$!f. Nt ns %st

np%rtijt tìt %) ir! strin$`t &%r/irf /nt` %)rs!h&, %)r 2%', %)r e%

/%r-!rs ijf %)r iji$!rs.

'2 Tb"s(jih !us'jbss i w("?V`ns $%!s /nt` t`!&t ')t N /ijt t% str!ss

%j nt i$inj. Gns)snj$ e%pij r!s%)re!s "njt!rj!t, %e! s)pphn!s ijf

!()np!jt# &%r p!rs%jih )s! eij h!if t% t!rnjitn%j. Nj iffntn%j nfh!

e%j!rsitn%js /nt` e% /%r-!rs !ijs j%j ')snj!ss tn!, e%stnj$ t`!

e%pij tn! ijf %j!.

2 H.'j# (j .(u" "bsu9b? \!s)!s ir! s!!j is h!$ih f%e)!jts %&

!1p!rn!je!, s-nhhs ijf 'ie-$r%)jf. N& ij %& t`ns it!rnih ns pr%!j&ihs!, %)r! %)t =nrst h!ts stirt /nt` r!&!r!je!s njer!isnj$h

!ph%!rs ir! e`!e-nj$ !!r r!&!r!je! hnst!f. Gi-! s)r! %)r

r!&!r!je!s ir! trie!i'h!, r!ieì'h! ijf j%t f!if. Rjf!rstijf tìt

!!j i&t!r %) $%t t`! 2%', %)r r!&!r!je!s i stnhh '! )jf!r r!n!/.

UVBTU NJ BGTHC8GBJV VB\GNJIVNCJ

62 E(j''(js ( wi""ij =nrnj$ ij !ph%!! /`% ns )ji'h! t% !!t r!is%ji'h! e%pij

pr%f)etn%j stijfirfs ns e%%j. U%, ns *rnj$ ij !ph%!! /`%,

!!j /nt` !1t!jsn! trinjnj$, pr%!s )ji'h! t% p!r&%r `!r 2%'.

U%!tn!s, ij !ph%!! ns '%r!f %r )jìpp /nt` `!r e)rr!jt

p%sntn%j, pi, %r 2%' tnth!. ^%) ì! j% %p!j p%sntn%js &%r /`ne` s`!

()ihn*!s. !r pi ijf tnth! ir! e%jsnst!jt /nt` t`! p%sntn%j.


23/51

Rj&%rt)jit!h, t`! !ph%!!s 2%' p!r&%rije! ns ripnfh

f!t!rn%ritnj$.

Nj s%! njstije!s, ij !ph%!! ns !nt`!r e%jsen%)sh %r

)je%jsen%)sh is-nj$ %) t% *r! `!r &%r `!r p!r&%rije!. V`!

njfnnf)ih -j%/s, %j s%! h!!h, tìt `!r !ph%!jt /nt` %) ns

t`! /r%j$ phie!!jt.

Nj ihh %& t`!s! njstije!s, t`!s! ir! t`! st!ps t% &%hh%/.

)2 7b=("b >b Vb"9'ji'(j Gbb'j#

Gi-! s)r! t`! !ph%!! ns eh!ir i'%)t t`! 2%' !1p!etitn%js, t`!

pr%f)etn%j !1p!etitn%js ijf ij %t`!r f!tinhs tìt /%)hf !ji'h! t`!

p!rs%j t% p!r&%r !4!etn!h. O%' f!sernptn%js, p%st!f pr%f)etn%j

stijfirfs, ijf fiti i'%)t p!r&%rije! `!hp t`! !ph%!!

)jf!rstijf ijf p!r&%r t`!nr r%h!.

N& t`! !ph%!! ns n%hitnj$ p%hnen!s ijf pr%e!f)r!s, i-! s)r! t`!s!

ir! /rntt!j ijf tìt t`! !ph%!! ìs '!!j trinj!f nj t`! p%hnen!s

ijf pr%e!f)r!s. I sn$j!f &%r ns $%%f t!stn%j t% ihhi t`!

p%t!jtnih &%r &)t)r! hntn$itn%j.

Tr%nf! `!hp ijf $)nfije! $n! t`! !ph%!! r!$)hir &!!f'ie-

i'%)t `!r p!r&%rije!. Gi-! s)r! %) !1phinj t`! p%t!jtnih

e%js!()!je!s %& )jf!rp!r&%rije!. E%ie`nj$ &%r Npr%!f

T!r&%rije!pr%nf!s i st!p>'>st!p e%ie`nj$ ippr%ie` %) eij )s!

t% `!hp ij !ph%!! npr%! `!r /%r- p!r&%rije!.

F!t!rnj! tìt %) ir! ipphnj$ t`! p!r&%rije! stijfirfs &inrh.

=%r p)rp%s!s %& fnsernnjitn%j i%nfije!, %) )st iffr!ss ij!ph%!! /`% ns f%nj$ t`! si! t`nj$s nj t`! si! /i. ^%) )st

iffr!ss t`! !ph%!! /nt` t`! %st s!rn%)s pr%'h!s *rst. Ihh

!ph%!!s /`% ir! &inhnj$ t% &%hh%/ %)r p%hnen!s )st '! fnsenphnj!f

nj t`! si! /i j!!r &%e)s %j %j! p!rs%jMs p!r&%rije!.

N& %) f!t!rnj! tìt i T!r&%rije! Npr%!!jt Thij "TNT#n$`t

`!hp t`! !ph%!! s)ee!!f, )s! i TNT t% p%sntn!h !je%)ri$! t`!
http://humanresources.about.com/library/weekly/uc031903a.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/library/weekly/uc031903a.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/od/performancemanagement/a/PIP.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/library/weekly/uc031903a.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/library/weekly/uc031903a.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/od/performancemanagement/a/PIP.htm


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!ph%!!. V`! f!tinh r!()nr!f nj i TNT s%!tn!s `!hps &inhnj$

!ph%!! r!ie` ehirnt i'%)t 2%' !1p!etitn%js.

G%st np%rtijth, %) j!!f t% f%e)!jt ij p!r&%rije!

fnse)ssn%js &%r t`! !ph%!!Ms *h! /nt` t`! tn!, fit!, ijf p%hne %r

p!r&%rije! pr%'h! eh!irh nf!jtn*!f. ]!!p $%%f r!e%rfs '!ei)s!

%) j!!r -j%/ /`!j %) /nhh j!!f t`! njnihh, $%%f r!e%rfs/nhh r!&r!s` %)r !%r %& t`! t!rnjitn%j. Bph%!!s %! %j

ijf $%%f r!e%rfs !js)r! t`! !ph%!r /nhh '! i'h! t% iffr!ss ij

nss)!s i'%)t t`! t!rnjitn%j nj t`! &)t)r!.

Nj pr%$r!ssn! fnsenphnj!, !ie` /rnt! )p )st !seihit! s% tìt %)

ì! !r'ih /irjnj$s, !r'ih /rntt!j /irjnj$ ijf t`!j s)sp!jsn%js

%j t`! r!e%rf. V`ns !js)r!s tìt !ph%!jt t!rnjitn%j ns j!!r i

s)rprns!. `!j %) se`!f)h! t`! t!rnjitn%j !!tnj$, t`! !ph%!!

s`%)hf j%t '! s)rprns!f.

UVBTU VC RUB $@BJ UE@BFRHB IJF ECJFREV IJ BGTHC8GBJV

VB\GNJIVNCJ GBBVNJA

Ue`!f)h! i !!tnj$ tìt njeh)f!s t`! !ph%!!, t`! !ph%!!Ms

s)p!rns%r ijf !nt`!r i )ij \!s%)re!s r!pr!s!jtitn!, %r nj s%!

eis!s, t`! s)p!rns%rMs iji$!r.

L! strin$`t &%r/irf. V!hh t`! !ph%!! `!r 2%' ns t!rnjit!f. V!hh t`!

!ph%!! t`! r!is%j &%r t`! !ph%!jt t!rnjitn%j. L! ennh,

e%jens!, ijf e%pissn%jit!.

\!sp!et t`! p!rs%js fn$jnt. Ihh%/ `!r t% sp!i- n& s`! /ijts t% ijf

is- ij ()!stn%js s`! i ì!. ^%) i !!j !j$i$! nj s%!

fnse)ssn%j i'%)t /ìt /!jt /r%j$ nj t`! !ph%!jt r!hitn%js`np.

B1iph!, p!rìps t`! p!rs%j /is j%t i $%%f *t &%r t`! p%sntn%j

&r% t`! '!$njjnj$. T!rìps t`! !ph%!!Ms /%r- sth! ns t%% sh%/

&%r t`! pie! %& t`! e%pij. T!rìps t`! !ph%!! ìf '!e%! s%

'%r!f, s`! /ijt!f t% '! *r!f. It j% p%njt, `%/!!r, ihh%/ t`! p!rs%j

t% t`nj- %) n$`t '! tih-!f %)t %& t`! f!ensn%j t% t!rnjit! `!r

!ph%!jt.

V`! !ph%!! i tr t% $!t !!j, t% his` %)t ijf i-! %)

/r%j$. F%jt '!e%! ij$r, ir$)! /nt` t`! !ph%!!, %r tr t%

s!tth! t`! se%r!. \!e%$jn+! $%nj$ nj t% t`! !!tnj$ tìt %) ir!


25/51

hn-!h !r fnsipp%njt!f, t%%. ^%) ìf ij !1p!jsn! nj!st!jt nj

t`ns !ph%!!Ms s)ee!ss, '%t` p!rs%jihh ijf *jijenihh. %) /nhh

ì! t% r!er)nt ijf trinj t`! !ph%!!Ms r!phie!!jt. Gi-! s)r!

%)r !%tn%js ir! )jf!r e%jtr%h s% %) eij r!inj e%pissn%jit!

ijf r!sp!et&)h.

%) eij iss!ss ' t`! /i t`! !!tnj$ ìs $%j! /`!t`!r fnse)ssn%j%r ifne! t% t`! f!pirtnj$ !ph%!! /%)hf '! `!hp&)h. N *jf tìt N

eij `!hp ' fnse)ssnj$ t`! -njf %& 2%' t`! !ph%!! n$`t s)ee!!f

nj, `%/ t% h%eit! 2%' s!ire`nj$ r!s%)re!s, se`%%h itt!jfije! nf!is,

ijf t`! !ph%!!Ms str!j$t`s. N ì! e%jsnst!jt &!!f'ie- &r%

&%r!r !ph%!!s tìt t`ns 'rn!& fnse)ssn%j `!hp!f t`! ehirn& t`!nr

fnr!etn%j ijf `!hp!f t`! %! %j. ^%) ')nhf t`! !ph%!!Ms s!h&>

!st!!, ijf `!hp t`! '!$nj t`! pr%e!ss %& 2%' s!ire`nj$.

E%hh!et ihh e%pij pr%p!rt %r f!t!rnj! nts h%eitn%j.

An! t`! !ph%!! i e`%ne! i'%)t /`% i%j$ t`! !!tnj$

itt!jf!!s /nhh /ih- `!r %)t %& t`! ')nhfnj$. An! t`! !ph%!! i

e`%ne! i'%)t /`!t`!r s`! /ijts t% r!%! p!rs%jih '!h%j$nj$s &r%

`!r /%r- stitn%j j%/ %r i&t!r `%)rs.

E%ph!t! ihh %& t`! st!ps nj %)r Bph%!jt Bjfnj$ E`!e-hnst

UIGTHB VB\GNJIVNCJ HBVVB\

%)r Ji!

O%' Vnth!

E%pij Ji!

Iffr!ss

Ent, Utit!, Qnp E%f!

Fit!

Bph%!! Ji!

Iffr!ss

Ent, Utit!, Qnp E%f!
http://humanresources.about.com/od/whenemploymentends/a/end_employment.htmhttp://humanresources.about.com/od/whenemploymentends/a/end_employment.htm


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F!ir Gr. Gs.

*t %)r p!rs%jih snt)itn%j.

TB\UCJJBH TCHNENBU

FBMNJNVNCJU

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9. Utit!!jt %& pr!f!t!rnj!f $)nf!hnj!s5. T%hnen!s nj $!j!rih, t`! ir! $)nf!hnj!s t% `!hp nj t`! si&! ijf

!en!jt ie`n!!!jt %& %r$ijn+itn%jih %'2!etn!s.

Tb"s(jjbh T(h'%.

9# T!rs%jj!h p%hne ns ij njt!$rit!f &)jetn%j /`ne` !je%piss!s

ij isp!ets %& t`! p!rs%jj!h iji$!!jt.


27/51

5# V`! /rntt!j stit!!jt %& ij %r$ijn+itn%j0s $%ih ijf njt!jt

e%je!rjnj$ itt!rs t`it !4!et t`! p!rs%jj!h /%r-nj$ nj ij

%r$ijn+itn%j.

6# T!rs%jj!h p%hnen!s ir! t`! stit!!jts %& t`! iee!pt!f p!rs%jj!h

prnjenph!s ijf t`! r!s)htnj$ e%)rs! %& ifnjnstritn! ietn%j ' /`ne`

i sp!en*e %r$ijn+itn%j pitt!rj f!t!rnj!s t`! pitt!rj %& nts!ph%!jt e%jfntn%js.

NGTC\VIJEB

9# V% t`! !ph%!! nt r!pr!s!jts i $)irijt!! %& &inr ijf !()nti'h!

tr!it!jt.

5# V% t`! s)p!rns%r nt ns i si&!$)irf nj t`it nt r!hn!!s `!r %& t`!

r!sp%jsn'nhnt %& i-nj$ i p!rs%jih f!ensn%j /`ne` i e%jnet /nt`

f!ensn%js $n!j ' %t`!r s)p!rns%rs.

C7;BEVN]BU

9. V% !ph% t`%s! p!rs%js '!st *tt!f ' !f)eitn%j, s-nhh ijf

!1p!rn!je! t% p!r&%r pr!sern'!f /%r-.

5. A)irijt!! &inrj!ss nj t`! injt!jije! %& t`! fnsenphnj!6. Rp$rif! ijf pr%%t! !1nstnj$ sti4 /`!r!!r p%ssn'h!.D. Vi-! ihh prietneih st!ps t% i%nf !1e!ssn! `%)rs %& /%r-.. Bjs)r! t`! $r!it!st prietnei'h! f!$r!! %& p!rij!jt ijf

e%jtnj)%)s !ph%!jt.. Ginjtinj stijfirfs %& r!)j!ritn%j3. Tr%nf! ijf injtinj `n$` h!!h %& p`sneih /%r-nj$ e%jfntn%js.. Ginjtinj !4!etn! !t`%fs %& r!$)hir e%js)htitn%j '!t/!!j

ifnjnstritn%j ijf !ph%!!s.

:. Tr%nf! s)nti'h! !ijs &%r t`! %rn!jtitn%j, %j t`! 2%' trinjnj$ ijf!ih)itn%j %& !ph%!!s.

9. Bje%)ri$! s%enih ijf r!er!itn%jih &ienhntn!s &%r !ph%!!s.99. F!!h%p ippr%prnit! se`!!s &%r !ph%!!Ms /!h&ir!.

V8TBU CM TCHNENBU

i# N94h'b T(h'%.?


28/51

Nt ns t`! p%hne /`ne` ns j%t fnr!eth %ne!f %r /rntt!j ')t ns

!sti'hns`!f ' pitt!rj %& f!ensn%j.V`! i ì! !nt`!r &i%)ri'h! %r )j&i%)ri'h! !4!ets

Nt ns t`! p%hne j!nt`!r /rntt!j j%r !1pr!ss!f !r'ihh ìs )s)ihh

f!!h%p!f %!rtn! ijf &%hh%/ i pr!e!f!jt. N& %) ì! p!%ph! /`% ir! iee%)jti'h! t% %), %) f%j0t j!!f t%

&%rihh nss)! p%hne stit!!jts t% er!it! p%hne. Tir!jts, '%ss!s, '%irfs, $%!rj!jt ifnjnstritn%js, !te. ir!

pr%f)enj$ nphn!f p%hne ihh %& t`! tn!.

'# B+4"bssb T(h'%.?

V`!s! ir! f!hnj!it!f !r'ihh %r nj /rntnj$.

8rih p%hnen!s ir! %r! !1n'h! tìj /rntt!j %j!s ijf eij '! !isnh

if2)st!f t% eìj$nj$ enre)stije!s. G%st %& t`! %r$ijn+itn%j ìs ij /rntt!j p%hnen!s tìt ir! r!ifnh

iinhi'h! t% ihh p!%ph! ijf pr%%t! e%jsnst!je nj ietn%j. Nt i

njeh)f!?c =%rih fr!ss e%f!

c T%hne &%r sne- h!i! %r ieitn%j tn!

c Fnsenphnjir pr%e!f)r!s

BHBGBJVU CM TB\UCJJBH TCHNENBU UVIVBGBJV

i. 8p!ritnj$ Tr%e!f)r!s'. Bph%!! E%jf)ete. B()np!jt Rs! \!$)hitn%js

f. Tr%&!ssn%jihns!. Bph%!r I)t`%rnt

T\CEBUU CM FB]BHCTGBJV CM TB\UCJJBH TCHNENBU

B!r %r$ijn+itn%j s`%)hf ì! i e%ph!t! s!t %& /!hh f!!h%p!f

p!rs%jj!h p%hnen!s '!&%r! nt '!$njs t% &)jetn%j. V`! !1nstnj$ %j!s ihs%

j!!f t% '! r!ns!f. It tn!s, t`! p%hnen!s i '! &%r)hit!f


29/51

sn)htij!%)sh &r% t`! t%p iji$!!jt is /!hh is t`! h%/!r fnnsn%j

iji$!!jt.

V`! sti$!s ijf s!()!je!s %& !!jts nj t`! pr%e!ss %& f!!h%p!jt %&

p%hne ir!?

9# Ehirn*eitn%j ' t%p iji$!!jt %& p`nh%s%p` ijf t`! %'2!etn!s

%& t`! %r$ijn+itn%j.

5# Ijihsns %& p!rs%jj!h p%hne r!()nr!s iss!ss!jt %& r!h!ijt &iets.

O%' ns f!h!$it!f t% t`! e%ntt!! /`% t`r%)$` njt!rn!/s ijf

e%j&!r!je!s e%hh!et fiti &r% njsnf! ijf %)tsnf! t`! %r$ijn+itn%j.

6# E%js)htitn%j /nt` sti4 r!pr!s!jtitn!s.

D# rntnj$ t`! *rst fri&t %& t`! p%hne stit!!jt.

# =)rt`!r fnse)ssn%j t% $!t t`! *jih ippr%ih %& p%hnen!s &r% t%p

iji$!!jt ijf sti4 r!pr!s!jtitn!s.

# E%)jneitn%j %& p%hne stit!!jts ' !ijs %& trinjnj$ s!ssn%j,

fnse)ssn%j $r%)ps ijf sti4 `ijf '%%-s.

3# T!rn%fne r! !ih)itn%j ijf &%hh%/ )p

MIEVC\U NJMHRBJENJA TB\UCJJBH TCHNE8

V`! &%hh%/nj$ &iet%rs /nhh nj)!je! f!t!rnjnj$ %& p!rs%jj!h p%hnen!s %& ij

%r$ijn+itn%j?

n#


30/51

E@I\IEVB\NUVNEU CM TB\UCJJBH TCHNENBU

Up!en*e E%jsnst!je, T!rij!je, =h!1n'h! /nt` T)rp%s! \!e%$jn+!

njfnnf)ih fn4!r!je!s. L! &%r)hit!f /nt` r!$irfs &%r t`! njt!r!st %& ihh pirtn!s, n.!.

!ph%!r, !ph%!! "njfnnf)ih $r%)ps# p)'hne ijf ehn!jts. E%j*r t% t`! $%!rj!jt r!$)hitn%js '! /rntt!j ijf &%r)hit!f is

i r!s)ht %& eir!&)h ijihsns %& ihh &iets iinhi'h!. L! &%r/irf h%%-nj$ ijf &%r/irf phijjnj$ &%r e%jtnj)nj$ f!!h%p!jt

\!e%$jn+! njfnnf)ih fn4!r!je!

IF]IJVIABU

!hps t% $n! !ph%!!s i s!js! %& s!e)rnt ijf njfnnf)ih /%rt`. An!s t`! !ph%!!s prnf! ijf h%iht t% t`! %r$ijn+itn%j &%r /`ne`

t`! /%r-. Bph%!!s t!jf t% $n! $%%f s!rne! ijf nf!jtn& t`!s!h!s /nt`

t`! $%ihs %& t`! %r$ijn+itn%j ijf t`! /ijt t% r!inj nj t`!

%r$ijn+itn%j. Ir! phijj!f nj ifije! ijf /nt` f)! e%jsnf!ritn%j %j `%/ p%hne

/nhh ipph nj irn%)s snt)itn%js t% !!t t`! j!!fs %& t`! %r$ijn+itn%j Is $)nf!s t% ietn%j, si! i $r!it f!ih %& tn! %& t`! ifnjnstrit%r.

Eh!irh /rntt!j p%hne si!s t`! tn! %& t`! !ph%!! is /!hh.

UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV T\CA\IGGB

NJV\CFREVNCJ

Uti4 f!!h%p!jt ns t`! pr%e!ss fnr!et!f t%/irfs t`! p!rs%jih ijf

pr%&!ssn%jih $r%/t` %& j)rs!s ijf %t`!r p!rs%jj!h / nh! t`! ir!

!ph%!f ' i `!iht` eir! i$!je. Nt ns !ss!jtnih &%r t`! )phn&t!jt %&

pr%&!ssn%jih is /!hh is ifnjnstritn! *!hf. Uti4 f!!h%p!jt pr%$ri!

`!hps nj )pfitnj$ t`! -j%/h!f$! ijf prietne! %& pr%&!ssn%jihs. Nt ns


31/51

ipphnei'h! j%t %jh t% t`! j)rsnj$ *!hf ')t ihs% t% ihh t`! pr%&!ssn%jih

*!hfs.

FBMNJNVNCJ

Uti4 f!!h%p!jt r!&!rs t% ihh trinjnj$ ijf !f)eitn%j pr%nf!f ' ij

!ph%!! t% npr%! t`! %ee)pitn%jih ijf p!rs%jih -j%/h!f$!, s-nhhs ijf

ittnt)f! %& !st!f !ph%!!s.

ACIH

V% issnst !ie` !ph%!! t% npr%! p!r&%rije! nj `ns %r `!r pr!s!jt

p%sntn%j ijf t% ie()nr! p!rs%jih ijf pr%&!ssn%jih i'nhntn!s tìt i1nn+!s

t`! p%ssn'nhnt %& eir!!r ifije!!jt.

JBBF MC\ UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV

V% !!t s%enih eìj$! ijf sen!jtn*e ifije!!jt. Nt ei)s!s ripnf

eìj$!s nj j)rsnj$ -j%/h!f$! ijf s-nhhs. V% pr%nf! t`! %pp%rt)jnt &%r j)rs!s t% e%jtnj)ihh ie()nr! ijf

nph!!jt t`! -j%/h!f$!, s-nhhs ijf ittnt)f!s, nf!is ijf ih)!s

!ss!jtnih t% injtinj `n$` ()ihnt j)rsnj$ eir!. V% !!t 2%' r!hit!f h!irjnj$ j!!fs %& t`! j)rs! "!$, e%jtnj)nj$

!f)eitn%j, nj>s!rne! !f)eitn%j, !1tri)rih !f)eitn%j ijf p%st 'isne

!f)eitn%j#. =nhh t`! $ips '!t/!!j t`!%r ijf -j%/h!f$!.

V% ie`n!! p!rs%jih %r pr%&!ssn%jih f!!h%p!jt !$? pr%%tn%j.

V% pr!pir! &%r &)t)r! tis-s %r tr!jfs.

T\NJENTHBU NJ]CH]BF UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV

Ietnntn!s )st 'is! %& j!!fs ijf njt!r!st %& !ph%!!s ijf

%r$ijn+itn%j.


32/51

UVIMMFB]BHCTGBJV

NJ FR EVN8 J

O8L

NJUB \@N EB

E 8J VN JR NJA

Tr%'h! s%hnj$ ippr%ie` ns /!hh s)nt!f '!ei)s! !4!etn! h!irjnj$

ti-!s phie! /`!j t`!r! ns j!!fpr%'h!. T%sntn! r!/irf ns !4!etn!.

V!ie`nj$ h!irjnj$ s`%)hf '! 'is!f %j !f)eitn%jih pse`%h%$.

nj h!irjnj$. V!ie`nj$ )st sitns& h!irjnj$ j!!fs %& ij njfnnf)ih.

Rs! irn!t %& s%)re!s &%r h!irjnj$ is if)ht h!irj!rs `i! /nf! rij$!

%& pr!n%)s !1p!rn!je!.

V8TBU CM UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV

Uti4 f!!h%p!jt njeh)f!s &%rih ijf nj&%rih $r%)p ijf njfnnf)ih

trinjnj$ ijf !f)eitn%j. Uti4 f!!h%p!jt ietnntn!s njeh)f! t`! &%hh%/nj$.

i. Nju%'(j "i'j'j# "6 fis#? Ns i 'rn!& stijfirfn+!f njtr%f)etn%j t%

ij i$!je0s p`nh%s%p`, p)rp%s! p%hnen!s ijf r!$)hitn%js $n!j t%

!ie` /%r-!r f)rnj$ `!r %r `ns *rst t/% %r t`r!! fis %& !ph%!jt

nj %rf!r t% !js)r! `ns %r `!r nf!jtn*eitn%j /nt` i$!je0s p`nh%s%p`,

$%ihs ijf j%rs.


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'.;(! ("'bji'(j /%r-!rs.

e. Nj-sb"/'%b bu%i'(j(u"s*? Nt ns i phijj!f !f)eitn%jih

!1p!rn!je! pr%nf!f nj t`! 2%' s!ttnj$ ijf eh%s!h nf!jtn*!f /nt`

s!rne! nj %rf!r t% `!hp t`! p!rs%j t% p!r&%r %r! !4!etn!h is i

p!rs%j ijf is i /%r-!r.

f. E(j'ju'j# bu%i'(j? Ns i phijj!f ietnnt fnr!et!f t%/irfs

!!tnj$ t`! h!irjnj$ j!!fs %& t`! j)rs! &%hh%/nj$ 'isne j)rsnj$

!f)eitn%j, !1eh)sn! %& &)hh tn! &%rih p%st 'isne !f)eitn%j.

!. B+"i9u"ih bu%i'(j? Ns i e%)jnt 'is!f !f)eitn%j fnr!et!f

t%/irfs !!tnj$ t`! 2%' r!hit!f h!irjnj$ j!!fs %& t`! j)rs! ijf%t`!r p!rs%jih. B1eh)sn! %& &)hh tn! &%rih st)f it i f!$r!!

$rijtnj$ njstnt)tn%j.

MIEVC\U NJMHRBJENJA UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV T\CA\IGGB

V`! i2%r &iet%rs t`it f!t!rnj! t`! ifnjnstritn! str)et)r! %& ij

i$!je>/nf! sti4 f!!h%p!jt pr%$ri! ir!?>

Ifnjnstritn! p`nh%s%p`, p%hnen!s ijf prietne!s %& `!iht` eir!

i$!je T%hnen!s, prietne!s ijf stijfirfs %& j)rsnj$ ijf %t`!r `!iht`

pr%&!ssn%jihs )ij ijf it!rnih r!s%)re!s /nt`nj t`! `!iht` eir! i$!je ijf

e%)jnt T`sneih &ienhntn!s /nt`nj i `!iht` eir! i$!je ijf e%)jnt

=njijenih r!s%)re!s /nt`nj i `!iht` eir! i$!je ijf e%)jnt

T\CA\IGGBU MC\ UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV


34/51

9. 8rn!jtitn%j Tr%$ri!5. U-nhh Vrinjnj$ Tr%$ri!6.

62 C"'bji'(j T"(#"i99b?

Ns t`! pr%e!ss %& ie()nrnj$ ij!/ sti4 /nt` t`! !1nstnj$ /%r-

!jnr%j!jt s% t`it `!s`! eij r!hit! ()ne-h t% `ns `!r j!/

s)rr%)jfnj$s. Nt ns issn$j!f &%r j!/ sti4. Nt ns $n!j it t`! njntnih sti$! %&

!ph%!jt %r /`!j i sti4 ti-!s j!/ r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s.

)2 U'hh V"i'j'j# T"(#"i99b?

U-nhh trinjnj$ i '! i ij)ih %r t!e`jneih s-nhh %& f%nj$ &%r p!%ph!

%r s-nhh nj f!ihnj$ ijf /%r-nj$ /!hh /nt` p!%ph!. Nt pr%nf!s t`!

j)rsnj$ sti4 /nt` t`! s-nhhs ijf ittnt)f! r!()nr!f &%r 2%' ijf t% -!!p

t`! i'r!ist %& e`ij$nj$ !t`%fs ijf j!/ t!e`jn()!s. 8&t!j nt ns t`! e%jtnj)itn%j %& t`! %rn!jtitn%j pr%$ri!.

Nt ns f!sn$j!f t% j!/ ijf %hf!r sti4.

2 Hbib"s>'4 ij 9iji#b9bj b/bh(49bj? V% npr%! t`! iji$!rnih i'nhntn!s %& p!rs%js it !!r iji$!!jt

h!!h is /!hh is p%t!jtnih iji$!rs t% pr%f)e! t`! $r!it!st f!$r!!

%& %r$ijn+itn%jih pr%$r!ss. Nt s`%)hf '! '!$nj ' !sti'hns`nj$ i$r!!!jt i%j$ t%p ijf nffh!

h!!h iji$!rs is t% pr%p!r i)t`%rnt, r!sp%jsn'nhnt ijf

iee%)jti'nhnt &%r iji$!rs it !!r h!!h. J!!f eij nf!jtn& ' njenf!jt r!p%rts, t)rj%!r rit!s, pitn!jt i)fnts

ijf ()ihnt e%jtr%h r!p%rts.

12 E(j'ju'j# bu%i'(j?

=%rih, %r$ijn+!f, !f)eitn%jih pr%$ri! f!sn$j!f t% pr%%t! t`!

-j%/h!f$!, s-nhhs ijf pr%&!ssn%jih ittnt)f! %& j)rs!s.


35/51

CV@B\ IEVN]NVNBU CM UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV

Gi-! r%)jfs /nt` t`! p`snenijs

Itt!jf !fneih r%)jf nj i t!ie`nj$ e!jtr!

@nsnt ij%t`!r `%spntih t% %'s!r! t`!nr !t`%f %& pitn!jt eir!

Itt!jf pr%&!ssn%jih !!tnj$s, e%j&!r!je!s, !te. ijf pr!s!jt pip!rs

\!if irtneh!s %& sp!enih njt!r!st ijf r!p%rt t`! t% sti4

7BJBMNVU CM UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV

62 M(" >b b94h(.bbs?

Infs nj )pfitnj$ -j%/h!f$! ijf s-nhhs it ihh h!!hs %& %r$ijn+itn%j

]!!p t`! j)rs!s i'r!ist %& t`! hit!st tr!jfs ijf f!!h%p!jts nj

t!e`jn()!s

B()nps t`! j)rs!s /nt` -j%/h!f$! %& e)rr!jt r!s!ire` ijf

f!!h%p!jts

!hps t`! j)rs!s t% h!irj j!/ ijf t% injtinj %hf e%p!t!jen!s

)2 M(" >b ("#ij'i'(jsb94h(.b"?

]!!ps t`! j)rsnj$ sti4 !jt`)snistne nj t`!nr h!irjnj$

F!!h%p njt!r!st ijf 2%' sitns&ietn%j i%j$st t`! sti4

F!!h%ps t`! s!js! %& r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s &%r '!nj$ e%p!t!jt ijf

-j%/h!f$!i'h! Er!it!s ij ippr%prnit! !jnr%j!jt ijf s%)jf f!ensn%js is /!hh is

)snj$ !4!etn!

pr%'h! s%hnj$ t!e`jn()!s

!hps t`! j)rs! t% if2)st t% e`ij$!

Infs nj f!!h%pnj$ h!if!rs`np s-nhhs, %tnitn%j ijf '!tt!r ittnt)f!s

Infs nj !je%)ri$nj$ ijf ie`n!nj$ s!h& f!!h%p!jt ijf s!h&

e%j*f!je!

Gi-!s t`! %r$ijn+itn%j i '!tt!r phie! t% /%r-!r

B]IHRIVNCJ CM UVIMM FB]BHCTGBJV T\CA\IG

Uti4 f!!h%p!jt ns ij np%rtijt pirt %& issnstnj$ p!r&%rije!

npr%!!jt it %r$ijn+itn%jih, &ie)hte!jtrih f!pirt!jt, )jnt ijf

njfnnf)ih h!!hs. Nt ns t`!r!&%r! np%rtijt t`it t`! trijs&!r %& h!irjnj$ njt%

t`! /%r-phie! ns iss!ss!f t`r%)$` i pr%e!ss %& r!n!/ ijf !ih)itn%j s%


36/51

tìt nts s)ee!ss %r %t`!r/ns! eij '! !sti'hns`!f ijf s% tìt /! eij

f!%jstrit! t`! e%jtrn')tn%j h!irjnj$ i-!s t%/irfs %!rihh

%r$ijnsitn%jih s)ee!ss.

FRVNBU IJF \BUTCJUN7NHNVNBU CM ]I\NCRU EIVBAC\8 CM

JR\UNJA TB\UCJIHU

NJV\CFREVNCJ

J)rsnj$ ijf j%j j)rsnj$ p!rs%jihs nj `%spntihs phis ij np%rtijt r%h! nj

pitn!jt eir! ijf t`! f!!h%p!jt %& t`! `%spntih. V`!nr !jtnr! r%h! ns !r

np%rtijt t% npr%! t`! stijfirf %& eir!.

ABJB\IH \CHB CM \BANUVB\BF JR\UBU NJ @CUTNVIH

n. Ifnjnstrit%rnn. Giji$!rnnn. E%)js!h%rn. Eìj$! i$!jt. \!s!ire`!r

n. Eis! iji$!rnn. E%hhi'%rit%rnnn. !iht` !f)eit%rsn1. Ifns!r1. If%eit%r1n. Nph!!jt!r1nn. Bih)it%r

FRVNBU CM JR\UNJA TB\UCJIHU NJ @CUTNVIH

N2 FRVNBU CM JR\UNJA URTB\NJVBJFBJV

I j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt s)p!rns!s t`! j)rsnj$ sti4. V`! j)rsnj$

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&%r t`! r)jjnj$ ijf s)p!rnsn%j %& i j)rsnj$ f!pirt!jt. F!p!jfnj$ %j

t`! sn+! %& t`! &ienhnt, s`! i e%jtr%h s)'snfnir f!pirt!jts, s)e` is

`%)s!-!!pnj$. J)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jts $!j!rihh r!p%rt t% t`! `%spntih

fnr!et%r %r !fneih fnr!et%r %& t`!nr &ienhnt.


37/51

i2 Uu4b"/'sb ju"s'j# si?V`! t%p prn%rnt %& i j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt

ns t% !js)r! tìt t`! j)rsnj$ sti4 !'!rs ir! pr%nfnj$ t`! '!st eir!

&%r pitn!jts. U`! i-!s s)r! tìt njfnnf)ih j)rs!s ijf j)rs!s inf!s

ir! eirrnj$ %)t eir! phijs ijf !js)r!s tìt e%)jneitn%j '!t/!!j

s`n&ts ìpp!js s%%t`h ijf t`%r%)$`h. V`! s)p!rnjt!jf!jt ihs%

%jnt%rs st%e- ijf s)pphn!s t% i-! s)r! tìt j)rs!s ì! t`!

!()np!jt t`! j!!f t% pr%nf! ()ihnt eir!.

!2 C/b"sbb >'"'j# ij "i'j'j#? V`! j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt ns

r!sp%jsn'h! &%r t`! `nrnj$ ijf trinjnj$ %& j!/ sti4. U`! )st s!ire` &%r

j)rs!s tìt e%ph!!jt t`! !1nstnj$ t!i, f!sn$j trinjnj$ pr%$ris

ijf i-! s)r! tìt j)rsnj$ njstr)et%rs ijf trinj!rs ir! if!()it!h

pr!pirnj$ j!/ sti4 &%r t`! /%r-phie!. 8&t!j t`ns njeh)f!s `!irnj$ ij

!ih)itn%j %& j!/ j)rs!s &r% t`! %%r sti4 f)rnj$ t`! trinjnj$ p!rn%f.

%2 Ti'bj %i"b? Iht`%)$` t`! j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt f%!s j%t ì! i

`n$` h!!h %& fnr!et pitn!jt eir!, s`! ns r!sp%jsn'h! &%r t`! /!hh>'!nj$ %&

pitn!jts it t`! &ienhnt. V`ns !ijs tìt t`! s)p!rnjt!jf!jt )st

%jnt%r j)rs!s eir! ijf t`! ittnt)f! ijf `!iht` %& t`! pitn!jts. Nj

eis!s /`!r! t`! &inh r!()!sts iht!rjit! eir!, t`! j)rsnj$

s)p!rnjt!jf!jt )st `!ir t`! r!()!st ijf i-! t`! *jih f!ensn%j.

2 E"bib w(" s%>buhbs? Bie` pi p!rn%f, t`! j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt

ns r!sp%jsn'h! &%r s!ttnj$ t`! /%r- se`!f)h!s &%r t`! !jtnr! f!pirt!jt.

U`! )st ti-! njt% iee%)jt `%hnfis, `!ir r!()!sts &%r tn! %4, ijf

er!it! i se`!f)h! tìt $n!s t`! ippr%prnit! j)'!r %& `%)rs t% !ie`

j)rs!. Is pirt %& t`! pr%e!ss, t`! j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt issn$js

f)tn!s ijf %%r r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s t% !ie` j)rs!

b2 Gib 's%'4h'ji". b%'s'(js? Nj snt)itn%js /`!r! i j)rs!, j)rs!s

inf!, %r %t`!r sti4 !'!r ns nj%h!f nj i fnsp)t!, t`! j)rsnj$

s)p!rnjt!jf!jt )st ìjfh! fnsenphnjir ietn%js. Nj !1tr!! eis!s hn-!pitn!jt i')s! %r sti4 e%nj$ t% /%r- )jf!r t`! nj)!je!, t`! j)rsnj$

s)p!rnjt!jf!jt ns r!sp%jsn'h! &%r t!rnjitnj$ e%jtriets is j!!f!f.

=2 Giji#b (>b" b4i"9bjs? Nj i hir$! &ienhnt, t`! j)rsnj$

s)p!rnjt!jf!jt i '! r!sp%jsn'h! &%r fnr!etnj$ t`! ietnntn!s %& t`!

`%)s!-!!pnj$, hnj!j, ijf -nte`!j &ienhntn!s. U`! )st ìjfh! ij


38/51

pr%'h!s tìt irns!, e%)jneit! /nt` f!pirt!jt h!if!rs, ijf

iffr!ss ij s)pph nss)!s.

#2Jb#('ib w'> /bj("s? L!ei)s! t`! j)rsnj$ s)p!rnjt!jf!jt ns

r!sp%jsn'h! &%r t`! s)pph %& !()np!jt ijf !fneih j!e!ssntn!s, s`!

%&t!j j!$%tnit!s /nt` !jf%rs &%r t`! j!/ e%jtriets. Nj hir$! &ienhntn!s,

i p)reìsnj$ iji$!r i ìjfh! t`!s! f)tn!s ijf r!p%rt t% t`!

s)p!rnjt!jf!jt.NN2 FRVNBU CM IUUNUVIJV JR\UNJA URTB\NJVBJFBJV

Bssbj'ih Muj%'(js\bs4(js'!'h''bs

n. Vi-! r!sp%jsn'nhnt &%r i $r%)p %& ietnntn!s %r s)'e%jtriet%rs ijf

iji$! t`! /%r- t% '! f%j!. Tr%nf! hnins%j '!t/!!j *!hf

!j$nj!!rnj$, !stnitnj$, ijf s)'e%jtriet%rs t% !js)r! e%phnije! %&

e%jstr)etn%j /nt` fri/nj$s ijf sp!en*eitn%js.nn. Issnst nj phijjnj$ /%r- se`!f)h!, f!t!rnjnj$ ijp%/!r h!!hs,

it!rnihs ()ijtntn!s, !()np!jt, r!()nr!!jts, !te. ir! injtinj!f,

njeh)fnj$ *!hf !j$nj!!rnj$ ijf e%jstr)etn%j ietnntn!s.nnn. G%jnt%r /%r- p!r&%rije! ijf pr%f)etnnt %& eri&ts t% !js)r!

pr%2!et r)h!s, pr%e!f)r!s, si&!t r!()nr!!jts, !te. ir! injtinj!f.n. Ifne! s!jn%r h!!h s)p!rnsn%j ijf pr%2!et iji$!!jt %& p%t!jtnih

pr%'h!s, /%r- njt!r&!r!je!s, se`!f)h! fne)htn!s, !te. Issnst nj

enre)!jtnj$r!s%hnj$ s)e` pr%'h!s is r!()nr!f.

. Ginjtinj hnins%j /nt` %t`!r f!pirt!jts, n.!., T)reìsnj$, Iee%)jtnj$,Bj$nj!!rnj$, !te. is r!()nr!f t% s)pp%rt e%jstr)etn%j se`!f)h!. Gi

pr%nf! issnstije! t% t`! U)p!rnjt!jf!jt nj r!s%hnj$ pr%'h!s.n. T!r&%r iffntn%jih issn$j!jts p!r s)p!rns%r0s fnr!etn%j.

NNN2 FRVNBU CM $I\F UNUVB\

Muj%'(js

I2 Eh'j'%ih I%'/''bs?9. Iss!ss!s t`! snt)itn%j %& $n!j )jnt nj r!hitn%j t% fn4!r!jt tp!s %&

pitn!jt0s eir!, &ienhntn!s pr%nf!f ' t`! j)rsnj$ p!rs%jj!h.

5. Nf!jtn*!s t`! pitn!jt0s j!!fpr%'h! nj t`! )jnt.

6. Issn$js t`! pitn!jt0s eir! ijf %t`!rs ietnntn!s t% j)rsnj$ p!rs%jj!h.

D. Bih)it!s t`! pitn!jt0s eir! $n!j ' j)rs!s.


39/51

. Itt!jfs F%et%r0s r%)jf ijf Gitr%j ijf Issnstijt Gitr%j0s Ehnjneih

r%)jfs.

. E`!e-s ijf eirn!s %)t ijf f!h!$it!s F%et%r0s njstr)etn%j ijf %rf!r

i&t!r r%)jf.

3. Tirtnenpit!s ijf r!&!rs t`! pitn!jt &%r r!`i'nhntitn%j t`!rip.

. A)nf!s ijf e%jf)ets `!iht` !f)eitn%j ietnntn!s t% ehn!jt is r!()nr!f

njeh)fnj$ GE=T fns!is! e%jtr%h ijf `!iht` pr%%tn%j.

72 Uu4b"/'s(". I%'/''bs

9. A)nf!s ijf s)p!rns!s ihh sti4 &%r $nnj$ '!f snf! j)rsnj$ eir!.

5. Ginjtinjs r!$)hir r!e%rfs, r!p%rt e%je!rjnj$ t`! pitn!jt0s eir!.

6. Tr%nf!s fnr!et $)nfije! ijf s)p!rnsn%j %& j)rsnj$ ijf j%j>j)rsnj$

p!rs%jj!h &%r t`! !en!jt r)jjnj$ %& t`! /irfs ijf nj eirrnj$ %)tj)rsnj$ r%)tnj!s, '!irnj$ nj njf t`! njfnnf)ih j!!fs %& pitn!jts.

D. Bje%)ri$!s %tnit!s, iss!ss!s t`! !4!etn!j!ss %& t`!nr %/j /%r-s

ijf f!!h%ps t`!nr p%t!jtnih &%r $nnj$ $%%f j)rsnj$ eir!.

. Rs!s t`! stijfirf $)nf!hnj! ijf ij)ih &%r s)p!rnsn%j.

E2 I9'j's"i'/b I%'/''bs

9. Gi-!s f)t r%ist!r &%r 5D `rs e%!ri$! nj )jnt %& t`! %spntih.

5. E%jf)ets j)rsnj$ e%j&!r!je!, !!tnj$ ijf njfnnf)ih e%j&!r!je! /`!j

j!e!ssir.

6. Nj!stn$it!s e%phinjts pr%pth ijf ti-!s ietn%j iee%rfnj$ t% r)h!s

ijf p%hne %& t`! `%spntih.

D. \!p%rts ijf r!e%rfs i's!je! ijf sne-j!ss %& sti4 njeh)fnj$ h!i!s.

. Ginjtinjs eh!ijhnj!ss %& t`! /irf ijf nts !jnr%j!jt, &)rjnt)r!,

!()np!jt, !$.!jtnhitn%j, hn$`tnj$, `!itnj$, j%ns!, %f%)rs.

. Ginjtinjs if!()it! hnj!j, %t`!r s)pphn!s, r!()nsntn%j &%r /irf st%r!s

ijf r!pinrs, r!phie!s s)pphn!s is j!e!ssir.

3. ]!!ps )p>t%>fit! r!e%rf %& fr)$s ijf injtinjs r!e%rfs %& nts

ifnjnstritn%j.


40/51

. E`!e-s ijf iji$!s ihh !()np!jt p!rn%fneihh, t% s!! t`it nt ns nj

$%%f %rf!r.

:. E`!e-s finh iinhi'nhnt ijf e%jfntn%js %& !!r$!je !()np!jt ijf

s)pphn!s.

9. Ginjtinjs nj!jt%rn!s, r!p%rts, 'r!i-i$!s ijf h%ss!s.

99. !hps nj e%jtr%hhnj$ t`! nsnt%r %& pitn!jts is j!!f!f.

95. Bjs)r!s t`it r!hitn!s %& !r nhh pitn!jt ir! ihh%/!f t% sti /nt`

pitn!jts /`!j j!e!ssir.

96. Iee%pijn!s, t`! Gitr%j %j t`! r%)jf ijf r!p%rts t% `!r ij

np%rtijt njenf!jts.

9D. Nj&%rs Gitr%j n!fnit!h %& ij sp!enih !!r$!jen!s %r ieenf!jts

nj t`! /irf, ijf -!!ps i /rntt!j r!e%rf %& ji njenf!jts.

9. E%%rfnjit!s '!t/!!j Gitr%j ijf sti4 nj `!r )jnt ijf ihs% /nt` %t`!r

f!pirt!jts.

9. Vi-!s ietn! pirt nj e%jf!jitn%j %& )s!h!ss it!rnihs.

93. !hps Gitr%j &%r ijj)ih phijs ijf ')f$!ts nj `!r /irf.

9. F!h!$it!s r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s t% t`! r!sp%jsn'h! p!rs%j nj `!r i's!je!.

9:. Issnst t`! Gitr%j ijf Issnstijt Gitr%j &%r fnsist!r phij ijf

%r$ijn+itn%j.

F2 Bu%i'/b I%'/''bs

9. Nf!jtn*!s t`! h!irjnj$ j!!f %& sti4 nj /irf.

5. Thijs, e%jf)ets ijf r!e%!jfs t`! nj>s!rne! !f)eitn%j ijf trinjnj$

pr%$ri! &%r `!r sti4.

6. Giji$!s ijf &ienhntit!s t`! ehnjneih t!ie`nj$ ietnntn!s &%r t`! st)f!jts

ijf sti4s.

N]2 FRVNBU CM CV@B\ JR\UNJA TB\UCJIHU

62Fu'bs ij "bs4(js'!'h''bs (= Tb"'-(4b"i'/b ju"sbs? T!rn>

%p!ritn! r!$nst!r!f j)rs!s pr%nf! s)r$neih pitn!jt eir! ' iss!ssnj$,

phijjnj$, ijf nph!!jtnj$ t`! j)rsnj$ eir! pitn!jts r!e!n! '!&%r!,


41/51

f)rnj$ ijf i&t!r s)r$!r. V`!s! ietnntn!s njeh)f! pitn!jt iss!ss!jt,

er!itnj$ ijf injtinjnj$ i st!rnh! ijf si&! s)r$neih !jnr%j!jt, pr!>

ijf p%st>%p!ritn! pitn!jt !f)eitn%j, %jnt%rnj$ t`! pitn!jt0s p`sneih

ijf !%tn%jih /!hh>'!nj$, ijf njt!$ritnj$ ijf e%%rfnjitnj$ pitn!jt

eir! t`r%)$`%)t t`! s)r$neih eir! e%jtnj)). F)rnj$ s)r$!r, t`! p!rn>

%p!ritn! r!$nst!r!f j)rs! i iss)! ij %& t`! &%hh%/nj$

r!sp%jsn'nhntn!s? Uer)' j)rs!

Enre)hitnj$ j)rs!

\J =nrst Issnstijt

)2 F'i!bbs 9iji#b9bj ju"sbs? Fni'!t!s Giji$!!jt J)rs!s ir!

r!$nst!r!f j)rs!s /`% issnst pitn!jts t% iji$! fni'!t!s. V`!nr inj

f)t ns t% !f)eit! pitn!jts ijf t`!nr &inhn!s i'%)t fni'!t!s ijf t`!

s!h&>iji$!!jt s-nhhs r!()nr!f. V`! pr%nf! ifne! %j !1!rens!, fn!tijf !fneitn%j ijf %jnt%rnj$ njs)hnj h!!hs. V`!s! j)rs!s %&t!j /%r-

nj %)tpitn!jt ehnjnes ijf %&t!j tri!h t% `%hf ehnjnes nj r!$n%jih ir!is.

2 Fu'bs ij "bs4(js'!'h''bs (= Fb"9i(h(#. ju"sbs? V`%s! /`%

ir! s)4!rnj$ &r% s-nj fns%rf!rs %r nj j!!f %& s-nj eir! i s!!- t`!

s!rne!s %& i f!rit%h%$ j)rs!. F!rit%h%$ j)rs!s ir! r!$nst!r!f

j)rs!s /`% sp!enihn+! nj tr!itnj$ s-nj fns%rf!rs ijf i ifnjnst!r

tr!it!jts &%r t`!nr pitn!jts. Nj s%! eis!s, t`! i pr!sern'!

!fneitn%j. V`! j)rs! i ihs% !f)eit! t`!nr pitn!jts %j injtinjnj$

`!iht` s-nj.

12 Fu'bs ij "bs4(js'!'h''bs (= #b"'i"'% ju"sbs? I $!rnitrne j)rs! ns

i r!$nst!r!f j)rs! /`% sp!enihn+!s nj t`! eir! %& !hf!rh p!%ph!.

A!rnitrne j)rs!s )st `i! t`! si! !f)eitn%jih 'ie-$r%)jf is

r!$nst!r!f j)rs!s, njeh)fnj$ i 'ie`!h%rs f!$r!! &r% ij ieer!fnt!fe%hh!$! %r )jn!rsnt. F)tn!s %& i $!rnitrne j)rs!, `%/!!r, fn4!r &r%

%t`!r *!hfs %& j)rsnj$ f)! t% t`! )jn()! pr%'h!s t`it eij irns! nj

!hf!rh pitn!jts.

02Fu'bs ij "bs4(js'!'h''bs (= Tb'i"'% (j%(h(#. ju"sbs? I

p!fnitrne j)rs! /%r-s nj t`! p!fnitrne f!pirt!jt %& i `%spntih,


42/51

e`nhfr!js ehnjnes %r it t`!nr `%!s. V`! 'isne f)tn!s %& i p!fnitrne j)rs!

nj%h! p!r&%rnj$ p`sneih !1injitn%js ijf $nnj$ !fnenj!s

ifnjnstrit!f ' t`! f%et%r t% `%spntihn+!f pitn!jts. Is hntth! e`nhfr!j

ir! )s)ihh i&rinf %& !fneih s!ttnj$s, nt ns t`! f)t %& t`! p!fnitrne

j)rs! t% i-! t`! e%&%rti'h! /nt` !je%)ri$nj$ /%rfs, s% tìt t`!

eij e%jf)et t`! j!e!ssir t!sts ijf tr!it!jt pr%e!f)r!s s%%t`h.

\!sp%jsn'nhntn!s %& i p!fnitrne j)rs! nj%h! ti-nj$ t!p!rit)r!, 'h%%f

pr!ss)r!, r!spnrit%r rit! ijf `!irt rit! %& t`! pitn!jt.

D2 I9!uhi(". %i"b ju"sbs? Tr%nf! pr!!jtn! eir! ijf tr!it pitn!jts

/nt` i irn!t %& nhhj!ss!s ijf nj2)rn!s nj p`snenijs %e!s %r nj ehnjnes.

U%! i')hit%r eir! j)rs!s ir! nj%h!f nj t!h!`!iht`, pr%nfnj$ eir!

ijf ifne! t`r%)$` !h!etr%jne e%)jneitn%js !fni s)e` is nf!%

e%j&!r!jenj$, t`! Njt!rj!t, %r ' t!h!p`%j!.

L2 E"''%ih %i"b ju"sbs? Erntneih eir! j)rs!s pr%nf! eir! t% pitn!jts /nt`

s!rn%)s, e%ph!1, ijf ie)t! nhhj!ss!s %r nj2)rn!s tìt r!()nr! !r eh%s!

%jnt%rnj$ ijf !1t!jsn! !fneitn%j pr%t%e%hs ijf t`!ripn!s. Erntneih

eir! j)rs!s %&t!j /%r- nj erntneih %r njt!jsn! eir! `%spntih )jnts.NER

j)rs!s ir! sp!enihn+!f, trinj!f j)rs! pr%&!ssn%jihs /%r-nj$ /nt`

pitn!jts /`% ì! hn&! t`r!it!jnj$ snt)itn%js tìt r!()nr!f ij !1t!jf!f

`%spntih sti nj ij njt!jsn! eir! %r erntneih eir! )jnt %& t`! `%spntih.2B9b"#bj%. (" "iu9i ju"sbs? B!r$!je %r tri)i j)rs!s /nhh

/%r- nj `%spntih %r stijf>ih%j! !!r$!je f!pirt!jts, pr%nfnj$

njntnih iss!ss!jts ijf eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt` hn&!>t`r!it!jnj$

e%jfntn%js.

2V"ijs4(" ju"sbs? Vrijsp%rt j)rs!s /nhh pr%nf! !fneih eir! t%

pitn!jts /`% ir! trijsp%rt!f ' `!hne%pt!r %r inrphij! t% t`! j!ir!st

!fneih &ienhnt.

62 @(h's'% ju"sbs? %hnstne j)rs!s /nhh pr%nf! eir! s)e` is

ie)p)jet)r!, issi$! ijf ir%i t`!rip, ijf 'n%&!!f'ie-, /`ne` ir!

!ijt t% tr!it pitn!jts !jtih ijf spnrnt)ih `!iht` nj iffntn%j t% t`!nr

p`sneih `!iht`.


43/51

662 @(9b >bih> %i"b ju"sbs? %! `!iht` eir! j)rs!s /nhh pr%nf!

it>`%! j)rsnj$ eir! &%r pitn!jts, %&t!j is &%hh%/>)p eir! i&t!r

fnseìr$! &r% i `%spntih %r &r% i r!ì'nhntitn%j, h%j$>t!r eir!, %r

s-nhh!f j)rsnj$ &ienhnt.

6)2 @(s4'%b ij 4ihh'i'/b %i"b ju"sbs? %spne! ijf pihhnitn! eir!

j)rs!s /%r- nj e%hhi'%ritn%j /nt` %t`!r `!iht` pr%nf!rs "s)e` is

p`snenijs, s%enih /%r-!rs, %r eìphinjs# /nt`nj t`! e%jt!1t %& ij

njt!rfnsenphnjir t!i. E%p%s!f %& `n$`h ()ihn*!f, sp!enihh trinj!f

pr%&!ssn%jihs ijf %h)jt!!rs, t`! t!i 'h!jfs t`!nr str!j$t`s t%$!t`!r

t% ijtnenpit! ijf !!t t`! j!!fs %& t`! pitn!jt ijf &inh &ienj$

t!rnjih nhhj!ss ijf '!r!i!!jt.

62 Nj=us'(j ju"sbs? Nj&)sn%j j)rs!s ifnjnst!r !fneitn%js, )nfs,

ijf 'h%%f t% pitn!jts t`r%)$` nj2!etn%js nj t% pitn!jts !njs. Nj&)sn%jj)rs!s sp!enihn+! nj ifnjnst!rnj$ pir!jt!rih )nfs, 'h%%f K 'h%%f

e%p%j!jts, pìrie%h%$neih i$!jts, j)trntn%jih s%h)tn%js ijf pinj

!fneitn%js.

612 H(j# b"9 %i"b ju"sbs? s)r$neih

pr!piritn%js s)e` is sìnj$.

6L2 U%"u! Ju"sbs? Uer)' j)rs!s ir! \Js /`% /%r- /nt`nj t`! st!rnh!

*!hf t% issnst t`! s)r$!%j. V`! ser)' j)rs! ìs ser)''!f /nt`


44/51

ijtnner%'nih s%ip ijf ns %)t*tt!f nj i st!rnh! s)nt. Uer)' j)rs!s

pr!pir! t`! j!!f!f njstr)!jts ijf %t`!r s)pphn!s &%r s)r$!r ijf

ìjf t`! t% t`! s)r$!%j f)rnj$ t`! pr%e!f)r!. Vpneihh, ser)' j)rs!s

ie()nr! t`!nr p%sntn%j %jh i&t!r t`! ì! $inj!f !1t!jsn! j)rsnj$

!1p!rn!je!.

62 E'"%uhi'j# Ju"sbs? Enre)hitnj$ j)rs!s issnst t`! s)r$neih t!i nj

irn%)s /is ')t f% j%t /%r- /nt`nj t`! st!rnh! *!hf. U%! %& t`! f)tn!s

%& i enre)hitnj$ j)rs! njeh)f! %'tinjnj$ iffntn%jih !()np!jt %r

njstr)!jts &%r t`! t!i, %jnt%rnj$ t`! e%jfntn%j %& t`! pitn!jts,

pr!pirnj$ tnss)! siph!s &%r trijsp%rt t% i hi', ijf fnsp%snj$ %& 'n%>

ì+irf%)s it!rnih2

62 \b#'sb"b Ju"sb M'"s Iss'sijs? \!$nst!r!f j)rs! *rst

issnstijts "\J=I# ì! !1t!jsn! iffntn%jih trinjnj$ ijf ehnjneih!1p!rn!je! tìt ()ihn*!s t`! t% issnst s)r$!%js ' p!r&%rnj$ 'isne

s)r$neih pr%e!f)r!s. Ij \J=I )st ti-! e%)rs!/%r- nj p!rn>%p!ritn!

eir! ijf s)r$neih pr%e!f)r!s ijf piss t`! E\J=I "E!rtn*!f \!$nst!r!f

J)rs! =nrst Issnstijt# pr%&!ssn%jih '%irf !1i. F)tn!s %& ij \J=I i

njeh)f! s)t)rnj$, !1p%snj$ i /%)jf, e%jtr%hhnj$ 'h!!fnj$ ijf issnstnj$

s)r$!%js nj `%hfnj$ %r %p!ritnj$ %t`!r njstr)!jts.

)2 C%%u4i'(jih >bih> ju"sbs? V`! %ee)pitn%jih `!iht` j)rs! r%h!

njeh)f!s?V`! pr!!jtn%j %& `!iht` pr%'h!s, pr%%tn%j %& `!iht` hnnj$ ijf

/%r-nj$ e%jfntn%js Rjf!rstijfnj$ t`! !4!ets %& /%r- %j `!iht` ijf `!iht` it /%r-

Lisne *rst inf ijf `!iht` ser!!jnj$

%r-&%re! ijf /%r-phie! %jnt%rnj$ ijf `!iht` j!!f iss!ss!jt

!iht` pr%%tn%j

Bf)eitn%j ijf trinjnj$

E%)js!hhnj$ ijf s)pp%rt

\ns- iss!ss!jt ijf rns- iji$!!jt

)62 Tb"'-ijibs>bs'i ju"sbs? T!rn>iji!st`!sni j)rs!s pr%nf!

pr!%p!ritn! ijf p%st%p!ritn! eir! t% pitn!jts )jf!r$%nj$ ij!st`!sni

f)rnj$ s)r$!r %r %t`!r pr%e!f)r!.

))2 Gbjih >bih> ju"sbs? G!jtih `!iht` j)rs!s `!hp pse`nitrnsts,

pse`%h%$nsts ijf %t`!r !jtih `!iht` pr%&!ssn%jihs e%)js!h ijf tr!it


45/51

pitn!jts /nt` i irn!t %& !%tn%jih ijf pse`nitrne nss)!s, &r%

s)'stije! i')s! %rn!jt!f pr%'h!s t% pirij%nf>se`n+%p`r!jni. G!jtih

`!iht` j)rs!s ihs% `!hp /nt` t`! fnsp!jsnj$ %& !fneitn%j &%r pitn!jts.

Tse`nitrne j)rs!s /nt` ij ifije!f !f)eitn%j i '! i'h! t%

pr!sern'! !fneitn%j %j t`!nr %/j.

)2 \i'(h(#. ju"sbs? \ifn%h%$ j)rs!s pr%nf! eir! t% pitn!jts

)jf!r$%nj$ fni$j%stne rifnitn%j pr%e!f)r!s s)e` )htri s%)jfs,

i$j!tne r!s%jije! ni$nj$, ijf rifnitn%j t`!rip &%r %je%h%$

fni$j%s!s.\ifn%h%$ j)rs!s r%)tnj!h stirt %r e`!e- p!rnp`!rih [email protected], iss!ss

nj&)sihp%rts, ifnjnst!r !fneitn%js, %jnt%r ntih sn$js, s)etn%j

pitn!jts, njs!rt =%h!s ijf `!hp pitn!jts /nt` t`!nr p!rs%jih j!!fs.

)12 \b>i!'h'i'(j ju"sbs? V`! $%ih %& t`! r!ì'nhntitn%j j)rsnj$pr%&!ssn%j ns t% tr!it pitn!jts /`% r!()nr! i 'r%if rij$! %& !fneih

s!rne!s &%r t`!nr r!e%!r. T!%ph! /`% j!!f r!ì'nhntitn%j j)rsnj$ eir!

i ì! s)4!r!f &r% s)e` t`nj$s is /%r- nj2)rn!s, eir ieenf!jts,

str%-!s, `!if tri)i, fr)$ %r ihe%`%h i')s!, $)js`%t /%)jf %r %t`!r

s!!r! tri)i. V`!s! j)rs!s *jf /%r- nj $!j!rih `%spntihs,

r!ì'nhntitn%j e!jt!rs, fr)$ ijf ihe%`%h r!e%!r &ienhntn!s, !jtih

`%spntihs, s!jn%r entn+!j &ienhntn!s, %r prnit! `%!s. \!ì'nhntitn%j

j)rs!s ir! i'h! t% pr%nf! i 'r%if rij$! %& s!rne!s f!p!jfnj$ %j t`!

&ienhnt t`! /%r- nj.

)02 V"ijs4hij ju"sbs? Vrijsphijt j)rs!s eir! &%r '%t` trijsphijt

r!enpn!jts ijf hnnj$ f%j%rs ijf %jnt%r sn$js %& %r$ij r!2!etn%j.

)D2 I'%'(js ju"sbs? Iffnetn%js j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts s!!-nj$

`!hp /nt` ihe%`%h, fr)$, t%'iee%, ijf %t`!r iffnetn%js.

)L2 Njbhhb%uih ij b/bh(49bjih 'si!'h'. ju"sbs? Njt!hh!et)ihijf f!!h%p!jtih fnsi'nhntn!s j)rs!s pr%nf! eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt`

p`sneih, !jtih, %r '!ìn%)rih fnsi'nhntn!s eir! i njeh)f! `!hp /nt`

&!!fnj$, e%jtr%hhnj$ '%fnh &)jetn%js, snttnj$ %r stijfnj$ njf!p!jf!jth,

ijf sp!i-nj$ %r %t`!r e%)jneitn%j.)2 Abjb'% ju"sbs? A!j!tne j)rs!s pr%nf! !irh f!t!etn%j ser!!jnj$s,

e%)js!hhnj$, ijf tr!it!jt %& pitn!jts /nt` $!j!tne fns%rf!rs, njeh)fnj$

estne *'r%sns ijf )jtnj$t%js fns!is!.


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)2 @N]INFU ju"sbs? N@INFU j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts fni$j%s!f /nt`

N@ ijf INFU. V`! s`%)hf $n! pr%p!r eir!, !f)eitn%j, pse`%h%$neih

s)pp%rt ijf e%)js!hhnj$ t% t`! pitn!jts.

2 Cj%(h(#. ju"sbs? 8je%h%$ j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt` irn%)s

tp!s %& eije!r ijf i issnst nj t`! ifnjnstritn%j %& rifnitn%j ijfe`!%t`!ripn!s ijf &%hh%/>)p %jnt%rnj$. V`! &%hh%/nj$ fnse)ssn%j %j

t`! r%h! %& t`! %je%h%$ j)rs! &%e)s!s %j pitn!jt iss!ss!jt, pitn!jt

!f)eitn%j, e%>%rfnjitn%j %& eir!, fnr!et pitn!jt eir!, spt%

iji$!!jt, ijf s)pp%rtn! eir!. V% nhh)strit! `%/ irn!f t`! r%h!

i '! ijf nts np%rtije! ier%ss t`! e%jtnj)) %& eije!r eir!,

!1iph!s r!hit!f t% t`! r%h! %& t`! %je%h%$ j)rs! nj fnr!et pitn!jt

eir!, spt% iji$!!jt, ijf s)pp%rtn! eir! ir! pr%nf!f.

62 $(uj, (s(9. ij %(j'jbj%b ju"sbs? %)jf, %st%, ijf

e%jtnj!je! j)rs!s tr!it pitn!jts /nt` /%)jfs ei)s!f ' tri)itne

nj2)r, )he!rs, %r irt!rnih fns!is! pr%nf! p%st%p!ritn! eir! &%r

pitn!jts /nt` %p!jnj$s tìt ihh%/ &%r iht!rjitn! !t`%fs %& '%fnh

/ist! !hnnjitn%j ijf tr!it pitn!jts /nt` )rnjir nje%jtnj!je!.

)2 Ei"'(/is%uhi" ju"sbs? Eirfn%ise)hir j)rs!s tr!it pitn!jts /nt`

e%r%jir `!irt fns!is! ijf t`%s! /`% ì! ìf `!irt s)r$!r,

pr%nfnj$ s!rne!s s)e` is p%st%p!ritn! r!ì'nhntitn%j.

2 A.jb%(h(#. ju"sbs? Aji!e%h%$ j)rs!s pr%nf! eir! t% /%!j

/nt` fns%rf!rs %& t`! r!pr%f)etn! sst!, njeh)fnj$ !jf%!trn%sns,

eije!r, ijf s!1)ihh trijsntt!f fns!is!s.

12 Jb4>"(h(#. ju"sbs? J!p`r%h%$ j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt`

-nfj! fns!is! ei)s!f ' fni'!t!s, `p!rt!jsn%j, %r s)'stije! i')s!.

L!&%r! fnihsns, t`! j)rs! issnsts t`! pitn!jt nj s!!-nj$ nj&%ritn%ji'%)t `ns fns!is!, pr%$j%s!s ijf tr!it!jts. V`! j)rs! ns r!sp%jsn'h!

&%r !js)rnj$ tìt ippr%prnit! eir! ns iinhi'h!. Trn%r t% t`! iet)ih

tr!it!jt, t`! j!p`r%h%$ j)rs! )st !ih)it! n& nts si&! &%r tr!it!jt

t% '!$nj. N& t`! pitn!jt ìs j% j!/ ie)t! `!iht` nss)!s, t`! j)rs!

e%jtnj)!s /nt` t`! pr!piritn%j &%r fnihsns.


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02 Jbu"(s%'bj%b ju"sbs? J!)r%sen!je! j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt`

fs&)jetn%js %& t`! j!r%)s sst!, njeh)fnj$ 'rinj ijf spnjih e%rf

nj2)rn!s ijf s!n+)r!s.

D2 C4>>ih9'% ju"sbs? 8p`t`ihne j)rs!s pr%nf! eir! t% pitn!jts

/nt` fns%rf!rs %& t`! !!s, njeh)fnj$ 'hnjfj!ss ijf $hi)e%i, ijf t%

pitn!jts )jf!r$%nj$ !! s)r$!r.

L2 C">(4b'% ju"sbs? 8rt`%p!fne j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt`

)se)hir ijf s-!h!tih pr%'h!s, njeh)fnj$ irt`rntns, '%j! &riet)r!s, ijf

)se)hir fstr%p`.

2 C(">'j(hi".j#(h(#. ju"sbs? 8t%r`nj%hirj$%h%$ j)rs!s eir! &%r

pitn!jts /nt` !ir, j%s!, ijf t`r%it fns%rf!rs, s)e` iseh!&t pihit!s,

ihh!r$n!s, ijf snj)s fns%rf!rs.

2 \bs4'"i(". ju"sbs? V`! r%h! %& r!spnrit%r j)rs!s ns t% pr%%t!

$%%f p)h%jir "h)j$# `!iht` /nt nj njfnnf)ihs, &inhn!s ijf

e%)jntn!s. L ')nhfnj$ eh%s! r!hitn%js nps /nt` f%et%rs ijf pitn!jts

nj t`!nr e%)jnt, r!spnrit%r j)rs!s !f)eit! t`! p)'hne %j t`!

np%rtije! %& `!iht` 'r!it`nj$ ijf pr%p!r !1!rens! nj p!%ph! %& ihh

i$!s.

12 R"(h(#. ju"sbs? Rr%h%$ j)rs!s eir! &%r pitn!jts /nt` fns%rf!rs %&t`! -nfj!s, )rnjir triet, ijf ih! r!pr%f)etn! %r$ijs, njeh)fnj$

nj&!etn%js, -nfj! ijf 'hiff!r st%j!s, ijf eije!rs. I )r%h%$ j)rs!

eir!s &%r pitn!jts /nt` )rnjir triet pr%'h!s nj i `%spntih, )r%h%$

ehnjne, %r prnit! f%et%rs %e!. I j)rs! p!r&%rs njntnih !ih)itn%js %&

spt%s, issnsts f%et%rs /nt` fni$j%stne ijf tr!it!jt pr%e!f)r!s,

ijf pr%nf!s !1p!rt pitn!jt !f)eitn%j ijf e%)js!hhnj$ s!rne!s.

Tr%&!ssn%jihs s!! pitn!jts /`% `i! )rnjir triet nj&!etn%js, -nfj!

st%j!s, eije!rs, pr%stitntns, %r ij %& i j)'!r %& %t`!r sp!en*ee%jfntn%js.

162 Eh'j'%ih ju"sb s4b%'ih's? Ehnjneih j)rs! sp!enihnsts pr%nf! fnr!et

pitn!jt eir! ijf !1p!rt e%js)htitn%js nj %j! %& ij j)rsnj$

sp!enihtn!s, s)e` is pse`nitrne>!jtih `!iht`.


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1)2 Ju"sb ijbs>b's? J)rs! ij!st`!tnst pr%nf!s ij!st`!sni ijf

r!hit!f eir! '!&%r! ijf i&t!r s)r$neih, t`!rip!)tne, fni$j%stne ijf

%'st!trneih pr%e!f)r!s. V`! ihs% pr%nf! pinj iji$!!jt ijf

!!r$!je s!rne!s, s)e` is inr/i iji$!!jt.

12 Ju"sb 9'w'/bs? J)rs! Gnf/n!s pr%nf! prnir eir! t% /%!j,

njeh)fnj$ $j!e%h%$neih !1is, &inh phijjnj$ ifne!, pr!jitih eir!,

issnstije! nj hi'%)r ijf f!hn!r, ijf j!%jitih eir!.

112 Ju"sb 4"i%''(jb"s? J)rs! prietntn%j!rs s!r! is prnir ijf

sp!eniht eir! pr%nf!rs, pr%nfnj$ i 'h!jf %& j)rsnj$ ijf `!ihtèir!

s!rne!s t% pitn!jts ijf &inhn!s. V`! %st e%%j sp!eniht ir!is &%r

j)rs! prietntn%j!rs ir! &inh prietne!, if)ht prietne!, /%!js `!iht`,

p!fnitrnes, ie)t! eir!, ijf $!rnitrnes. %/!!r, t`!r! ir! i irn!t %&

%t`!r sp!enihtn!s tìt j)rs! prietntn%j!rs eij e`%%s!, njeh)fnj$j!%jit%h%$ ijf !jtih `!iht`.

102 M("bjs'%s ju"sbs? =%r!jsnes j)rs!s pirtnenpit! nj t`! sen!jtn*e

nj!stn$itn%j ijf tr!it!jt %& i')s! netns, n%h!je!, ernnjih

ietnnt, ijf tri)itne ieenf!jt. Ginj &)jetn%j %& i &%r!jsne j)rs! ns t%

e%hh!et nj&%ritn%j i'%)t ern! ijf nj!stn$it! f!tinhs i'%)t nt ')t nt ns

j%t t`! %jh /%r- tìt t`! f%. =%r!jsne j)rs!s !!j pr%nf!

!fneitn%j ijf r!hn!& t% t`! netns %& ij ern!, t`! !!j pr%nf!

e%)js!hhnj$ t% %4!jf!rs ijf !!j e`nhfr!j /`% it tn!s $% %4 trie-

ijf stirt njf)h$nj$ nj )j!t`neih ietnntn!s.

1D2 Nj=b%'(j %(j"(h ju"sbs? Ij nj&!etn%j e%jtr%h j)rs! ìs %j!

prnir r%h!, ijf tìt ns t% pr!!jt `%spntih nj&!etn%js nj t`!nr pitn!jts

' eirrnj$ %)t nj&!etn%j pr!!jtn%j pr%t%e%hs fnhn$!jth. J)rs!s eij

phi ij np%rtijt r%h! nj e%jtr%hhnj$ ijf pr!!jtnj$ t`! spr!if %&

nj&!etn%)s fns!is!s nj `!iht` eir! &ienhntn!s. Nj &iet, s!!rih j)rs! f)tn!s

ir! in!f s%h!h it nj&!etn%j e%jtr%h2

1L2 Ju"sb bu%i("s? J)rs! Bf)eit%rs phij, f!!h%p, nph!!jt, ijf

!ih)it! !f)eitn%jih pr%$ris ijf e)rrne)hi &%r t`! pr%&!ssn%jih

f!!h%p!jt %& st)f!jt j)rs!s ijf \Js.

12 Ju"sb 'j=("9i'%'ss? J)rs! Nj&%ritnensts iji$! ijf

e%)jneit! j)rsnj$ fiti ijf nj&%ritn%j t% npr%! f!ensn%j i-nj$


49/51

' e%js)!rs, pitn!jts, j)rs!s, ijf %t`!r `!ihtèir! pr%nf!rs. \Js

ihs% i /%r- is `!ihtèir! e%js)htijts, p)'hne p%hne ifns%rs,

pìrie!)tneih ijf !fneih s)pph r!s!ire`!rs ijf sih!sp!rs%js, ijf

!fneih /rnt!rs ijf !fnt%rs. %r- !jnr%j!jt. G%st \Js /%r- nj /!hh>

hnt, e%&%rti'h! `!ihtèir! &ienhntn!s. %! `!iht` ijf p)'hne `!iht`

j)rs!s tri!h t% pitn!jts `%!s, se`%%hs, e%)jnt e!jt!rs, ijf

%t`!r snt!s. .\Js i '! nj eh%s! e%jtiet /nt` njfnnf)ihs /`% ì!

nj&!etn%)s fns!is!s ijf /nt` t%1ne, ìr&)h, %r p%t!jtnihh ì+irf%)s

e%p%)jfs, s%h)tn%js, ijf !fneitn%js.

ECJEHRUNCJ

!je!, !!r %r$ijn+itn%j s`%)hf pi i1n) itt!jtn%j t% !%h!

ittrietn! stij$ p%hne!s. \!er)nt!jt ns t`! *rst st!p nj t`! pr%e!ss %&

*hhnj$ i ieije. \!er)nt!jt ns i pr%e!ss %& s!ire`nj$ &%r pr%sp!etn!

!ph%!!.

7N7HNCA\IT@8LV Lisiijtìppi. V`! t!1t '%%- %& J)rsnj$ ifnjnstritn%j, 9st

!fntn%j Oip!! 'r%t`!r p)'hneitn%j, 5.

LV Lisiijtìppi. V`! t!1t '%%- %& J)rsnj$ ifnjnstritn%j, 5jf

!fntn%j Oip!! 'r%t`!r p)'hneitn%j, 5.

J!!hi ])irn. V`! t!1t '%%- %& iji$!!jt %& j)rsnj$ s!rne!ijf !f)eitn%j? T @ p)'hneitn%js.

]T J!!ri2i V!1t '%%- %& j)rsnj$ !f)eitn%j Oip!! 'r%t`!rMs !fneihp)'hns`!rs "p# htf J!/ F!h`n 53


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UBGNJI\ CJ

@RGIJ \BUCR\EB MC\ @BIHV@

UR7GNVVBF VC UR7GNVVBF 78

G\U. Fr. \itji T`nhnp.G.Ue "J#, T`.F., G\U.RFI I

U\BB.A


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Trnjenpih G.Ue. "J# NN ^BI\

GIGIVI E8

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Credentialing Human Resource for Health