Creativity & Education

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Creativity & Education Targeting Early School Leavers

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Creativity & Education Targeting Early School Leavers Ana Solange Leal | SPI September 2011



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Contents

1. Creativity – a multiplicity of definitions

2. Creativity – two sides of the brain

3. Educational context

4. Changing paradigm

5. Early School Leavers & Creative Skills



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According to the European Ambassadors for Creativity and Innovation, European Year 2009, the definition of creativity is the following:

“To be creative means to imagine something that didn’t exist before and to look for new solutions and forms”

Source: http://create2009.europa.eu/fileadmin/Content/Downloads/PDF/Manifesto/manifesto.en.pdf, p1

In a more economical perspective, according to Pryce:

“Creativity is the production of new ideas that are fit for a particular business purpose. (…) Creativity generates ideas that have the potential to be turned into successful innovation.”

Source: Pryce, V. (2005) Creativity, Design and Business Performance. DTI economics paper No. 15. November 2005. p.iv



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IMAGINATION

PURPOSE

ORIGINAL

VALUE

NEW



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• Sequencing

• Language

• Math

• Rational thoughts

• Social skills

• Visual skills

• Creative skills

• Intuition/feelings

BRIDGING



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• Right brain dominant people tend to base their actions

upon impulse.

• Do not follow any set pattern of doing their work;

• Right brained individuals see the whole big picture rather

than dwell upon minute details of a task or situation.

• Tend to think subjectively, rather than objectively.

• Rely more on their intuition rather than logic.

• They are apt to "believe" in certain things rather than

"know" everything about it.

Source: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/right-brained-people.html



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The majority of the educational contexts still:

• Values answers above questions

• Values facts and concrete data

• Values conventional behavior

• Grade learners by their know-how

• Promotes logical thinking



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Although most young children are very creative, it is estimated that creativity diminishes by 40% between the ages of 5 and 7.

Source: Kerka, S., Creativity in Adulthood, 1999

By this age children go to school and to the formal “way” of educating minds:

- one right answer for every question;

- don’t question the educator.



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4. Changing Paradigm



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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDZFcDGpL4U

Changing Education Paradigms

Sir Ken Robinson

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDZFcDGpL4U



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The educational contexts should then:

“enable pupils to think creatively and critically, to solve problems

and to make a difference for the better. It should give them the

opportunity to become creative, innovative, enterprising and

capable of leadership to equip them for their future lives as workers

and citizens”

Source: UK National Curriculum Handbook.



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In general, Early School Leavers:

• Have low qualifications;

• Face limits in the jobs they can perform;

• Have lower pay levels;

• Access low quality employment;

• Are much more likely to experience unemployment.

In 2009, 14.4 % of the EU-27’s population aged 18 to 24 (16.3 % of men and 12.5 % of women) were early school leavers with at most a lower secondary education. Source: School enrolment and levels of education, Eurostat, European Commission, September 2010.



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Creative skills are increasingly important in the current job market, particularly in today’s rapidly changing society with the demand for more flexible workers.

By being creative, workers are able to:

• question and challenge the situations;

• think laterally and do associations between things that, a first look, wouldn’t be related;

• ask “what if”?;

• analyse the situations from various perspectives;

• provide constructive critics.



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By involving early school leavers in lifelong education and continuous training, through well tailor curriculums, it is possible to foster their creative skills and then equip them with the necessary tools to face the current challenges of the labour market.



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Contacts

SPI

Ana Solange Leal

E-mail: [email protected]

URL: http://www.spi.pt

RPIC-ViP, s.r.o.

Eva Homolová


URL: http://www.rpic-vip.cz

E.N.T.E.R.

Petra Kampf


URL: http://www.enter-network.eu

DIT

John D. Byrne


URL: http://www.dit.ie

AHE

Justyna Rodej


URL: http://www.ahe.lodz.pl

LAEA

Sarmite Pilate


URL: http://www.laea.lv

ASSOCIATED PARTNER:

APTES

Claudia Gonzalez

e-Mail: [email protected]

URL: http://www.aptes.ch

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.zen3.net/aptes/

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Creativity & Education