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Creating Wildfire Resilience
Through Preparedness and
Situational AwarenessWildfire Impact On Transmission
Darrell Moore, Reliability Analyst
July 15, 2014
RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY2
• NERC: Promote Information Sharing and Situational Awareness throughout the entire ERO, with the objective of creating more resilience to Wildfire threats across all Interconnections.
• WECC: San Diego Fires – Situational Awareness
• SDG&E: Identifying Risk, Understanding Risk, Risk Mitigation and Building Resilience to Wildfire Threats.
• All: Lessons Learned
Agenda
RELIABILITY | ACCOUNTABILITY3
• ERO Darrell Moore, NERC Reliability Analyst
Steven Ashbaker, WECC Director of Operations Performance Analysis
• Industry David Geier, SDG&E Vice President, Electric Transmission & System
Engineering
Jonathan Woldemariam, SDG&E Director Electric Transmission & Distribution Engineering
Presenters
Steve AshbakerDirector, Operations Performance Analysis
San Diego Fires - Situational Awareness
5
• California has seen 25-50% of normal
rain fall the past year
• Third consecutive year of below normal
precipitation
• Subsequently, early start to California fire
season
Severe Drought/ Early Fire Season
6
• WECC SA received timely and detailed
updates on fire status
• A total of 9 fires of various degrees of threat to
the BES were reported over a 5 day period
• Two “restricted maintenance” days were
declared by the CISO
• One EEA-2 was declared
• WECC SA provided 10 updates to NERC
Situation Awareness
© 2012 San Diego Gas & Electric Company. All copyright and trademark rights reserved.
Creating Wildfire Resilience
through PreparednessPresented to NERCJuly 2014
Dave Geier
San Diego Gas & Electric
VP – Electric Transmission & System Engineering
7
SDG&E Transmission System Overview
8
SONGS no longer in-service (was2150 MW, 20% Owned by SDG&E)
Palomar566 MW
IPP Owned
SDG&E Owned
Otay Mesa603 MW
IV renewables 900 MW
• Service Area – 4,100 square miles
• 1.4 million Electric Meters
• Total Local Generation 3090MW
• Maximum Import Limits 3350MW
• 1,951 Circuit Miles of Transmission
• 24 Transmission Substations
• 109 Transmission/Distribution Substations
Identifying Risk: Increased Wildfire Activity
9
The map below shows portions of San Diego County that have
burned since 2000, including the Cedar Fire and all major 2007 fires.
2003 (Cedar Fire)
• Acres Burned: 280,278
• Structures Destroyed: 2,820
• Structures Damaged: 63
• Vehicles Destroyed: 148
• Deaths: 14
• Injuries: 104
2007 (All Major Fires)
• Acres Burned: 368,566
• Structures Destroyed: 2,665
• Structures Damaged: 117
• Vehicles Destroyed: 239
• Deaths: 7
• Injuries: 127
(For the purposes of this slide/presentation,
structures refer to overhead utility structures)
Understanding Risk: Drought Enhancing 2014 Wildfire Potential
LocationRainfall
(thru Apr 14)
Normal
(thru Apr 14)Percent of Normal
Laguna Beach 3.88” 13.81” 28% of Normal
Oceanside 4.20” 13.58” 31% of Normal
Lindbergh Field 5.06” 10.31” 49% of Normal
Ramona 7.85” 16.00” 49% of Normal
Campo 6.95” 15.66” 44% of Normal
• Rainfall over the last year has been 25%-50% of normal.
• This is our third consecutive year of below normal rainfall.
CA Drought Monitor
• 100% of CA in Severe Drought
• 76% of CA in Extreme Drought
(Including much of San Diego County)
Early Season Wildfire Activity
• May 13-16 Fire
Complex
• Coastal San Diego
County
• 8 wildfires were
greater than 100 acres
• Over 13,000
customers affected
• Over 40 homes
destroyed
• One Fatality
• Estimated $60 Million
Damage
• 26,000 Total acres
10
Risk Mitigation: Establishing Resilience to Wildfire
11
Air Support Contract Contracted Fire Fighters
Wood to Steel (2,220T & 1,750D)
Mobile Fire Trailers
Updated Operational Procedures
Meteorologists and Fire Coordinators Mobile Command Centers
• Operational changes to turn-off reclosing
• Mobilizing crews to pre-determined locations
• De-energize for safety when necessary
• Staging of washing rigs and fire crews to pre-
determined locations
• Prior to and throughout the event, SDG&E
provides situational awareness and forecasts to
CAISO
12
Risk Mitigation:
Proactive Operational and Developmental Measures
• Coordinate with neighboring utilities for
potential support
• Take operational actions as needed to
optimize power flows in coordination with the
CAISO.
• For major events, the CAISO will declare a
system emergency where they may suspend
code of conduct and allow out of market sales
to stabilize system
• SDG&E Weather Station Network: largest
utility weather network in the world delivering
unsurpassed real-time decision support
• State-of-the-Art Forecasting System: Provides superior
understanding of weather and vegetation moisture
supporting proactive emergency operations
• Collaborations with key stakeholders in the
local fire community increasing data sharing
• Mountain top camera network allows for real
time monitoring of hazardous conditions
providing updated intelligence
• Click here to play video
Building Resilience: Situational Awareness Enhancements through Community Collaborations and Big Data
13
14
The Fire Potential Index is a planning and
decision support tool designed to reduce the
risk of a wildfire while improving efficiency
and reliability
• Incorporates weather, live fuel moisture, dead
fuel moisture, and greenness of the annual
grasses.
• Calculated for 8 sub-sets of the SDG&E
Service Territory
• Used to inform operational decisions,
work restrictions, resource allocation
Building Resilience: Developing Operational Tools
Fire Potential Index (FPI)
Slide 15Privileged & Confidential, Prepared at the Direction of Counsel
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
FPI
Cedar FireWitch Fire
Angel Fire
Pines Fire
Border
Fire
15
Sierra Fire
Building Resilience: Developing Operational Tools Fire Potential Index (FPI)
Our Mission: Develop a tool to mitigate risks associated with
extreme fire potential during Santa Ana Winds.
Our Vision: To provide a
decision support tool to fire
agencies and the general
public to increase public
safety and overall
preparedness.
16
Building Resilience: Developing Operational Tools
Santa Ana Wildfire Threat Index (SAWTI)
• SDG&E Vegetation
Management
maintains a
comprehensive
database of over
455,000 trees that
could impact our
system.
• Includes tree location,
species, growth rates
and pruning history
• This program has
resulted in drastic
decreases in tree-
related outages on
the system.
Building Resilience: Vegetation Management Program
17
Comprehensive Program to Reduce Fire Risk and
Improve Mitigation:
– Extensive engineering changes (more stringent design
criteria, use of fire-resistant materials, use of state-of-
the-art equipment)
– Expanded QA/QC inspection and repair program
– Escalating operational changes coincident with
conditions
– Weather monitoring and forecasting
– Aggressive vegetation management program
– Far reaching community outreach and involvement
Lessons Learned
18
Dave Geier
San Diego Gas & Electric
VP – Electric Transmission & System Engineering
Thank You
Questions?
Creating Wildfire Resilience through Preparedness
19