CRCT Prep:CRCT Prep:Social Studies Social Studies

77thth Grade Grade

1. In which country would you find the mouth of the Brahmaputra River the Ganges River, the shadow of the

Himalaya Mountains, and its border on the Bay of Bengal?

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b. Bangladesh

c. Pakistan

d. Sri Lanka

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2. A geologist in search of rock formations that might indicate petroleum reserves would MOST

LIKELY be found in…

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b. South Africa

c. Mali

d. Kenya

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3. Which reason BEST explains how Japan was able to rebound from defeat in World War II and

become an economic power?

0%0%0%0% a. Abundant natural resources for manufacturing

b. Economic assistance from the Soviet Union

c. Military spending shifted to industrial output

d. Growing military industrial complex

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4. What was the primary method for the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism throughout South and

East Asia?

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b. invasions

c. Along trade routes

d. Lack of organized religions

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5. The government of Saudi Arabia is a

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b. oligarchy

c. tyranny

d. monarchy

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6. The Islam religion is split into sects. The majority of Muslims belong to which sect?

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b. Kurd

c. Hindi

d. Sunni

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7. Japan is one of the world’s leading exporters, but also one of the world’s largest importers. Which of these

products would Japan MOST LIKELY import?

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b. cars

c. electronics

d. rice10

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8. All of the following could be described as

barriers for trade EXCEPT…

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b. reduction in tariffs

c. tightening of foreign investment rules

d. institution of a command economy

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9. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) would be concerned with all of the following activities EXCEPT…

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b. limiting oil production

c. coordinating political objectives for member nations

d. expanding iron ore mining

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10. The Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople in 1453 and consolidated the influence of which religion throughout Southwest Asia into the 20th century?

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b. Christianity

c. Judaism

d. Buddhism

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11. Through technological advances in irrigation, which country turned the Negev Desert into a leading agricultural region?

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b. Iraq

c. Jordan

d. Israel

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12. The Jewish Diaspora, or dispersal of the Jewish people, was begun by the Romans in about 50 CE and lasted until 1948, with the reestablishment of a Jewish political state in Israel. Which organization sponsored the state of Israel?

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b. United Nations

c. European Union

d. World Jewish Federation

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13. After which war did the Ottoman Empire

officially come to an end?

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b. World War II

c. World War I

d. Civil War

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14. Even though the Christians were persecuted by the Romans, the religion continued to grow in influence until Emperor Constantine stopped the persecution in 312 CE and officially sanctioned Christianity. Which statement is the MOST LIKELY reason for the continued growth of Christianity during Roman times?

0%0%0%0% a. Roman power, once impressive, was in decline.

b. Christianity appealed to everyone, especially the poor.

c. Belief in pagan gods was increasing.

d. Islam was not yet an organized religion.

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15. Countries in Africa have a wide range of economic development. Which statement BEST illustrates the

relationship between literacy and economic growth?

0%0%0%0% a. As the literacy rate rises, the economic growth

declines.

b. As economic growth rises, the literacy rate declines.

c. As the literacy rate increases, economic growth rises.

d. As economic growth declines, the literacy rate declines.

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16. Which statement BEST describes the result of fertile soil along the Niger River?

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b. South Africa is the population center of Africa.

c. North Africa is the population center of Africa.

d. West Africa is the population center of Africa.

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17. Which country is dominated by mountains, plateaus, and highlands?

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b. Sudan

c. Libya

d. Ethiopia

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18. Southwest Asia has been described as a crossroad because of its proximity to three continents and to ancient trade routes. Which country would you

predict to continue this tradition with the most diverse population?

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b. Iran

c. Saudi Arabia

d. Syria

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19. As China becomes an economic superpower, it transitions from a Communist, command economy. What type of economic system would you predict to find in the smaller rural areas of present-day China?

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b. mixed

c. command

d. traditional

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20. Which statement about Lebanon today is true?

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b. Its economy is floundering due to lack of natural resources.

c. It relies almost exclusively on trade with Europe to survive.

d. Russia is its most important trading partner.

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21. Which change allowed an overland trade route to develop between North Africa and West Africa?

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b. The wheel was invented.

c. Camels were introduced.

d. Salt trade was developed.

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22. From the time of the Romans through the Renaissance, the Silk Road provided an avenue for the exchange of goods and ideas between which two ideas and all those in between?

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b. India and Egypt

c. Russia and Africa

d. Europe and China

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23. Because of the mountainous terrain in Japan, what is the most common method used to increase food production?

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b. terracing

c. compound plowing

d. plowing, but not seeding

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24. Two of the world’s major religions began in India. Which one of the two is still followed by most of the people in India?

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b. Shinto

c. Islam

d. Buddhism

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25. Egypt has been called “the gift of the Nile” because of the consistent flooding and fertile layer of silt deposited along its banks. Which step did the Egyptian government take to maintain better control of those flood waters?

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b. built the Aswan Dam

c. increased irrigation along the delta

d. eliminated the first cataract

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26. Which of the following is NOT an area you would expect to find a large population in Southwest Asia?

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b. Riyadh

c. Mediterranean coastline

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27. What is the BEST term to explain the governmental system in China today?

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b. republic

c. democratic

d. monarchy

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28. Although South Africa has had a long association with Great Britain, it does not base its currency on the British pound, as many other former colonies do. What is the name of the South African

currency?

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a. kronen

b. dollar

c. mark

d. rand

29. Which country would be MOST concerned with the water quality of the Niger River?

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a. Egypt

b. Mali

c. Chad

d. Sudan

30. In which two countries would you find the Gobi Desert?

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a. India and Pakistan

b. Mongolia and China

c. China and Russia

d. Iran and Iraq

31. Because of an abundance of natural resources, which country has the MOST opportunity for economic

development?

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a. Sudan

b. Egypt

c. Chad

d. South Africa

32. Which statement BEST explains China’s response to Europe’s interest in trade?

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a. China welcomes European trade with open arms.

b. China initiated the idea to trade with Europe.

c. China will trade with Europe only on its terms.

d. China will only trade gold with Europe.

33. Which country is described by the following statement about its location? The country is north of Israel, south of Turkey, and borders Syria.

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a. Iraq

b. Lebanon

c. Jordan

d. Kuwait

34. Of the following, which two countries have the highest literacy rates, and are more developed as a result?

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a. India and Indonesia

b. China and India

c. India and Japan

d. Japan and China

35. Why did the West African trading empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai develop?

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a. They initiated the slave trade.

b. They pioneered the spice and ivory trade.

c. They straddled the north to south trade routes.

d. They traded guns for slaves with Europe.

36. Which country has no permanent rivers within its borders, and must rely on drilling wells and sparse rainfall for its fresh water?

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a. Lebanon

b. Saudi Arabia

c. Iran

d. Turkey

37. The North China Plain is one of the world’s most densely populated regions, primarily due to its location along the Huang He and the Chang Jiang rivers, and the abundance of a yellowish fertile soil. What is the name of this soil, which provides the base for China’s much needed food supply?

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a. silt

b. fertilizer

c. moss

d. shale

38. Which leader brought 60,000 people, 80 camels, and 12 tons of gold to Mecca?

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a. Mansa Musa

b. Sundiata

c. Zara Yakob

d. Ramses II

39. Religion plays a major role in politics in the Middle East. Which country finds itself trying to blend Christian ideals with the more radial Islamic ideals of Hezbollah in a unified government?

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a. Israel

b. Syria

c. Saudi Arabia

d. Lebanon

40. Since 1991, India has enjoyed increased foreign trade because of all of the following government steps EXCEPT…

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a. market-oriented economic reform

b. reduction in tariffs

c. liberalization of foreign investment rules

d. Institution of a command economy

41. Which country is MOST concerned with the growing industrial pollution of the Indus River because of the overpopulation of the region?

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a. India

b. Indonesia

c. Bangladesh

d. Pakistan

42. What is the BEST description of the Swahili culture?

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a. mixture of Egyptian and Greek

b. mixture of Islamic and Bedouin

c. mixture of Arabic and Bantu

d. mixture of Bantu and European

43. Why did the Chinese resist trade with the rest of the world in the 15th century?

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a. they wanted to preserve their peace and culture

b. China was far more advanced than the rest of the world.

c. Explorers had not yet reached China.

d. China had already possessed the goods that Europeans wanted to trade them.

44. After the death of Mao Zedong, China began to change from a strict command economy to a market-based economy. One class of people who helps fuel China’s growth is willing to invest money in the hopes of

making a profit. Which term describes these people?

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a. brokers

b. bankers

c. entrepreneurs

d. chief executive officers

45. Where in the present-day country of Israel have the Palestinian people begun self-rule in an effort to establish a Palestinian state after Israeli troops were withdrawn?

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a. Golan Heights

b. Negev

c. Haifa

d. Gaza Strip

46. Which country has the greatest potential for economic growth in the future because of the abundance of natural resources to fuel their economy without relying on imports?

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a. China

b. Pakistan

c. India

d. Indonesia

47. Which present-day country did Abraham, the father of the Hebrew people, originally call home?

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a. Iraq

b. Iran

c. Israel

d. Egypt

48. Desertification is a major problem in Africa today. Which country has made a huge effort, along with its neighbor, Tanzania, to plant trees along the Serengeti Plain to stop the spread of the desert?

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a. South Africa

b. Mali

c. Uganda

d. Kenya

49. Most of Saudi Arabia’s wealth comes from great oil reserves. Even though the royal family controls most of the oil production, they have encouraged investment in other industries to broaden the Saudi economy. All of the following industries have been encouraged EXCEPT…

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a. plastics

b. steel

c. ranching

d. petrochemicals

50. What represents the longest-lasting and best-known art form to come out of the Ming dynasty in China?

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a. music

b. silk clothing

c. calligraphy

d. pottery

51. Which landlocked country in Africa has one of the world’s poorest economies due to the lack of easy trade routes?

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a. Nigeria

b. Algeria

c. Kenya

d. Chad

52. All of the following countries rely on the Persian Gulf to transport their exports to the world markets EXCEPT…

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a. Jordan

b. Kuwait

c. Iran

d. Iraq

53. One country in Southwest Asia is both cursed and blessed in relation to natural resources. Because of their huge oil reserves, this country is able to import most of the food its population needs. This country cannot produce enough food itself due to lack of rivers for crop irrigation. This country is…

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a. Israel

b. Iraq

c. Saudi Arabia

d. Iran

54. What is the BEST description of the economy present in the country of South Africa today?

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a. free market

b. command

c. traditional

d. mixed

55. One of the chief reasons Europeans joined together at the Berlin Conference to divide up the African continent into colonies was to avoid conflicts with other European nations over African natural resources. This approach to colonization was the brainchild of King Leopold II, of which

European nation?

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a. Russia

b. Germany

c. the Netherlands

d. Belgium

56. Which country promotes its major textile industry through efficient irrigation of the Indus River?

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a. India

b. Pakistan

c. Afghanistan

d. Iran

57. One of the new areas bringing employment to India’s workers is called outsourcing. Which major industry does outsourcing represent?

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a. services

b. agricultural

c. mining

d. textile

58. The Middle East has been called a trade crossroad of the world because it sits at the edge of three continents. What is the name of the trade route that connected Asia, through the Middle East, to Europe?

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a. Marco Polo Trail

b. Trans-Saharan Route

c. Silk Road

d. Spice Trail

59. All of the following countries are in the Middle East EXCEPT…

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a. Israel

b. Jordan

c. Lebanon

d. Vietnam

60. Buddhism flourished under…

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a. Queen Fatera

b. all Indian kings

c. King Asoka

d. Mohandas Gandhi

61. Which of Africa’s major rivers is located in Central Africa?

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100% a. Zambezi River

b. Nile River

c. Congo River

d. Niger River

62. Using your geographic knowledge of Chad, all of the following are concerns of the present government in economic planning EXCEPT…

a. desertification

b. increased irrigation

c. crop loss

d. flooding of the Nile

63. What was the dominant religion in the Ottoman Empire?

a. Christianity

b. Judaism

c. Islam

d. Buddhism

64. Which religion do most people in Southwest Asia practice?

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100%

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b. Judaism

c. Islam

d. Buddhism

65. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY description of the 1953 treaty, signed at the Panmunjom at the end of the Korean conflict?

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b. Victory for the South

c. defeat of the U.S.

d. stalemate

66. Why has “outsourcing” from the United States become an important source of income in counties such as India?

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b. lower wages

c. higher wages

d. higher taxes

67. The government of Iran today is based upon shari’a, or Islamic law. Which term BEST describes a government based upon religion?

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94%

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b. theocracy

c. aristocracy

d. monarchy

68. The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the

78%

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11%

11% a. Red Sea

b. Mediterranean Sea

c. Black Sea

d. Arabian Sea

69. Which sect of Islam believes that its leader should be a direct descendant of

Muhammad?

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6%

94% a. Shi’a

b. Sunni

c. Kurd

d. Judaic

70. Which is the MOST LIKELY unifying effect of the Bantu migrations in Africa?

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89%

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11% a. Agricultural techniques

b. Iron tools

c. language

d. religion

71. How did the world learn of the great wealth of the Mali Empire and its great king, Mansa Musa?

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b. the Silk Road

c. triangular trade

d. his hajj to Mecca

72. Why might the people of Cote d’Ivoire be concerned with desertification?

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89%

11% a. increased pesticides

b. decreased farm land

c. growing forests

d. increase in the Sahel

73. Using your knowledge of the geography of the African continent, which is the country MOST LIKELY to have a trading influence on the Red Sea?

100%

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b. Chad

c. Mali

d. Egypt

74. Seasonal weather pattern determine when Pakistani farmers will receive adequate rainfall to grow crops. At what time of year might they expect to receive this much-needed water?

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100% a. summer monsoons

b. winter monsoons

c. spring typhoons

d. fall cyclones

75. Which major Asian river, besides the Ganges, flows into the

Bay of Bengal?

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72%

28%

0% a. Huang He

b. Indus

c. Brahmaputra

d. Mekong

76. What revolutionary leader led the Communist Party to power in

China in 1949?

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17%

0% a. Chou En Lai

b. Chang Kai Chek

c. Emperor Hirohito

d. Mao Zedong

77. Southwest Asia is a world power in the petroleum industry. Which country is NOT likely to enjoy the benefits of this industry?

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b. Saudi Arabia

c. Kuwait

d. Syria

78. What religion spread to East Asia as a result of India’s immersion into East Asia Silk Road trade route?

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11%

89%

0% a. Hinduism

b. Buddhism

c. Islam

d. Judaism

79. What is the organization responsible for the regulation of the world’s oil supply and

price structure?

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100% a. OPEC

b. NAFTA

c. NATO

d. CIS

80. Which phrase BEST explains the reason for Israel’s desire to control the Golan Heights?

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94%

6%

0% a. strategic position over Lebanon

b. entrance into the Sinai

c. headwaters of the Jordan River

d. huge oil reserves

81. Who was the South African leader responsible for ending apartheid?

89%

6%

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6% a. Nelson Mandela

b. Jomo Kenyatta

c. Julius Nyere

d. F. W. de Klerk

82. Why has Israel been so successful in increasing agricultural production in the Negev Desert?

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82%

0%

18% a. Recent abundant rainfall

b. Economic assistance from the U.S.

c. Advanced irrigation

d. Petroleum reserves

83. Which country is an island nation located off the southeast

coast of India?

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0%

94%

0% a. Bangladesh

b. Sri Lanka

c. Myanmar

d. Seychelles

84. The Huang He is a river that provides the North China Plain with much needed water for the huge population. Which statement BEST explains the reason it is also known as “China’s Sorrow?”

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89%

11%

0% a. there is not enough water for irrigation

b. There is extreme water pollution

c. There is destructive flooding

d. The new dams are too expensive

85. Where might one find kabuki being preformed?

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11%

89% a. Japan

b. China

c. South Korea

d. India

86. The Diet is the legislative branch of government in the

country of

82%

6%

12%

0% a. Vietnam

b. China

c. India

d. Japan

87. Iran’s government is based upon its strict Islamic beliefs. What statement BEST describes this type of government?

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b. It is a theocracy

c. It is a democracy

d. It is an oligarchy

88. A Tori gate is at the entrance of every shrine in the Japanese national religion of

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100%

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b. Hinduism

c. Shinto

d. Islam

89. The following are all reasons that the country of Japan imports most of the materials it needs for manufacturing EXCEPT

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100%

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b. Abundant natural resources

c. Favorable balance of trade

d. Stable economic system

90. At the Berlin Conference, European nations agreed to divide up the African continent. What

was the main goal of the European nations?

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100% a. to gain control of natural resources

b. to gain new markets for manufactured goods

c. to gain religious missionary work

d. to gain land for new citizens

91. How would you describe the form of government in Libya under Muammar al-Qaddafi?

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b. monarchy

c. theocracy

d. dictatorship

92. Which country BEST illustrates a market economy?

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a. Egypt

b. Libya

c. South Africa

d. Nigeria

93. Which is the MOST LIKELY reason that there are continuing conflicts between Israel and its Arab neighbors?

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a. Israel has nuclear weapons

b. Both want control of the Jordan River

c. There are no oil reserves in Israel

d. Arabs and Israelites want the same land

94. Why has Saudi Arabia assumed a lead role in the economic fortunes of Southwest Asia?

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a. The stability of the Saudi family

b. Their share of the world’s oil reserves

c. Their opposition to Israeli reforms

d. Their massive supertanker fleet

95. In the 15th century, China adopted a philosophy of foreign exclusion in trade that exists to some extent today. It is called the Middle Kingdom. All of the following are

characteristics of the Middle Kingdom EXCEPT

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b. if China doesn’t have it, it is not needed

c. China is civilized and all others are not

d. China welcomed foreign trade

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96. Seasonal winds, or monsoons, across South Asia affect economic production. When might the agricultural industry expect to receive needed rainfall to plant its crops?

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b. winter

c. spring

d. fall

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97. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is one of the most densely populated regions of the world. In which country is it located?

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b. Bangladesh

c. India

d. Indonesia

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98. What was the basis for the initial trade routes between North Africa and West Africa?

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a. guns for gold

b. salt for gold

c. guns for slaves

d. salt for slaves

99. Which term describes loaning money for a fee?

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a. saving

b. credit

c. spending

d. investing

100. Calligraphy is a form of writing and art. Which religion is associated with calligraphy?

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a. Islam

b. Hinduism

c. Buddhism

d. Shinto

101. What reason did the United States government give for entering the Vietnam conflict in the early 1960s?

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a. to assist the Chinese intervention

b. to stop the spread of communism

c. to support Ho Chi Minh

d. to restore rule to France

102. The Mekong Delta played an important part in American military history in the 1960s. Which two countries

of Southeast Asia does the Mekong flow through?

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a. Laos and Cambodia

b. Thailand and Myanmar

c. Vietnam and Laos

d. Cambodia and Vietnam

103. One of the strongest industries in Kenya today is tourism based on native culture. What

area attracts most of Kenya’s visitors?

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a. Nairobi

b. Serengeti Plain

c. Dar es Salaam

d. Kalahari

104. Which African country is MOST affected by the AIDS epidemic?

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a. Egypt

b. South Africa

c. Sudan

d. Morocco

105. Which of the early African empires was led by Mansa Musa and become known throughout the Mediterranean world for their riches of gold?

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a. Ethiopia

b. Songhai

c. Ghana

d. Mali

106. Under the leadership of Mao Zedong in the 1960s, China tried to control the growing population by

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a. cutting off food supplies

b. promoting adoption

c. promoting one child per family

d. increasing supplements to families

107. Swahili refers to a people, a culture of trade, and a language. Which two cultures does Swahili embrace?

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a. Bantu and Arabic

b. Arabic and Islamic

c. Ethiopian and Egyptian

d. Arabic and Persian

108. Using your geographic knowledge, what must Pakistan do to maintain a growing agricultural industry outside the Indus River valley?

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Remaining

a. crop rotation

b. irrigation

c. desertification

d. fertilization

109. All of these countries are considered a member of the Pacific Rim EXCEPT

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Remaining

a. Australia

b. Cuba

c. China

d. Vietnam

110. What was the event that led to the United States invasion of Iraq in the 1991 Persian Gulf War?

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Remaining

a. discovery of WMA’s

b. Iraqi missile attacks on Israel

c. Iraqi invasion of Kuwait

d. threat of nuclear weapons attack

111. Which term BEST explains the economic system in China today and the role of the Chinese government in that economy?

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Remaining

a. mixed

b. market

c. command

d. traditional

112. Which international trading city, once part of the British Empire, has now been reclaimed by China?

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Remaining

a. Macao

b. Hong Kong

c. Taiwan

d. Hanoi

113. Where in West Africa would you find the leading agricultural zone?

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Remaining

a. the Sahara

b. the Sahel

c. the rainforests

d. the savannahs

114. In an effort to unify the dozens of ethnic groups in Tanzania after independence, Julius Nyrere did all of the following EXCEPT

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a. make Swahili the national language

b. institute a one-party system

c. give free land to all citizens

d. drastically increase the literacy rate

115. Which country lies directly west of Afghanistan?

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a. Iraq

b. Iran

c. Saudi Arabia

d. Israel

116. Where was the production of cotton cloth an important trade item between ancient river civilizations?

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Remaining

a. Indus River

b. Mesopotamia

c. Huang He

d. Nile River

117. What major problem do the people of Bangladesh face with the arrival of the summer monsoons?

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a. drought

b. famine

c. flooding

d. desertification

118. Which colonial power was cast out in the fight for independence in the Congo?

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a. Great Britain

b. France

c. Germany

d. Belgium

119. Although all the countries below are industrial powers, which country has accomplished this feat

without abundant natural resources?

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a. India

b. South Korea

c. China

d. Japan

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