Cranialnerves for Paramedical

8/11/2019 Cranialnerves for Paramedical

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Cranial Nerves


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Cranial Nerves-12 Pairs

I Olfactory II Optic III Oculomotor IV Trochlear V Trigeminal VI Abducens VII Facial VIII Vestibulocochlear IX Glossopharyngeal X Vagus XI Spinal Accessory XII Hypoglossal

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Classification of cranialnerves

Sensory cranial nerves : contain only afferent (sensory) fibers Olfactory nerve Optic nerve Vestibulocochlear nerve

Motor cranial nerves : contain only efferent (motor) fibers Oculomotor nerve Trochlear nerve Abducent nerve Accessory nerv Hypoglossal nerve

Mixed nerves : contain both sensory and motor fibers---

Trigeminal nerve, Facial nerve, Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve


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Inferiorsurface of

the brain asit appearson grossdissection.


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Nerves in nasal cavity synapse within olfactorybulbs.

The Olfactory nerve (I) for sense of smell.


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The Optic nerve (II) - carries visualinformation.


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The Oculomotor nerve (III) - Controls 4 ofthe 6 extrinsic muscles of the eye.

The Trochlear nerve (IV)

Innervates superior oblique eye muscle.


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Oculomotor Nerve III

Somatic and Autonomic motor function

Eye movement (Superior, inferior, medial rectus muscles and inferioroblique muscle), opening of eyelid (levator palpebrae superioris),constriction of pupil (circular muscle), focusing (ciliary muscle andaccomodation)

Damage causes drooping eyelid, dilated pupil, double vision, difficultyfocusing and inability to move eye in certain directions


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Trochlear Nerve IV

Eye movement (superior oblique muscle) Damage causes double vision and inability

to rotate eye inferolaterally

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Largest of all the

cranial nerves

1) Ophthalmic branchs kin, lacrimal gland

The Trigeminal nerve(V)

2) Maxillary branchlower eyelid, upper

jaw

3) Mandibular branch

tongue, lower teeth

Has 3 Branches


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The Facial nerve (VII)Controls muscles of scalp and facial expression.Muscles of mastication and speech.

The Abducens nerve (VI)

Innervates lateral rectus muscle of eye (abduction!)

Pressure sensations from face.Taste sensations from anterior 2/3 oftongue.


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The Facial nerve (VII)


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The Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII) Monitors sense of balance, position and

movement and also monitors hearing.


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The Glossopharyngeal nerve(IX)

Controls swallowing

Taste sensationfrom posterior1/3 tongue.

Detects O 2 and CO 2 content of bloodin carotid artery.


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Vital to autonomic control of visceralfunction

The Vagus nerve (X)


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The Accessory nerve (XI) Internal branch

Innervates swallowing muscles. External branch

Controls sternocleidomastoid and trapezius.

The Hypoglossal nerve (XII)Voluntary food mixing, swallowing and speech.

Control of tongue movements.


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The Accessory nerve (XI) and Hypoglossal nerve(XII)


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Olfactory Nerve (II)


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Fig

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FYI


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Optic Nerve (II)


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Oculomotor Nerve (III)

Trochlear Nerve (IV)

Abducens Nerve (VI)


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Trigeminal Nerve (V)


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Facial Nerve (VII)


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Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)


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Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)


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Vagus Nerve (X)


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Accessory Nerve (XI)

Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)


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Fig

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Cranialnerves for Paramedical