Course Number and Name GSC 401 / GSC 401L: GIS Applications for Earth Scientists I (Renumbered from GSC 310/L)

Catalog Description Practical techniques for converting traditional coordinate-based geoscience data into digital map layers. GIS methods applied to creation of geologic, hydrologic, meteorologic, and oceanographic maps. Acquisition of X-Y-Z-attribute data in natural field settings. One hour lecture plus two 3-hour laboratory sessions. Expected Educational Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: 1. Know standard procedures for geo-registering various raster images (topographic maps, satellite images, aerial photos, geologic maps, etc.) into ArcGIS and OziExplorer platforms. 2. Utilize Adobe Photoshop in concert with ArcGIS to splice together fragments of raster images (maps, satellite photos, etc.) and create a composite geo-registered base layer. 3. Demonstrate ability to superimpose map layers of differing datum and/or projection using appropriate transformation tools in ArcGIS 4. Convert raw field notes or field data to Excel spreadsheets containing columns for X,Y, Z coordinates and various geologic, hydrologic or meteorology attributes. 5. Plot conventional symbols for various geologic, hydrologic or meteorology attributes keyed to specific columns in Excel spreadsheets, applying the appropriate tools for creating, rotating and labeling the corresponding symbol. 6. Create gridded base maps in appropriate datum/projection to aid in direct plotting of measurements or observations acquired in the field. 7. Acquire raw field data (e.g., X,Y, Z coordinates and various geologic or hydrologic attributes) at a remote field site using conventional surveying and mapping equipment. 8. Download Garmin GPS waypoints directly onto geo-registered base layers using ArcGIS and OziExplorer programs 9. Apply various data analysis tools to create contour maps of geographic, geologic or hydrologic attributes that may include elevations, metal assays, structural measurements, precipitation, stream discharge, temperature, wind speed. 10. Utilize Adobe Illustrator to enhance map products originally created in ArcGIS

Course Number and Name GSC 410: Earth Science Seminar Catalog Description Observation and evaluation of oral presentations associated with professional Earth science seminars. Discussion and practice of the design, mechanics and style of presenting Earth science information with Powerpoint slides and overhead transparencies. 2 hours seminar. Learning Outcomes This seminar course provides students practical experience with the preparation and critique of oral presentations intended to disseminate Earth science information in a professional or academic setting. Students are instructed in methods of organizing and presenting Earth science data in an oral seminar forum. Through direct observation and critique of talks or seminars, students reinforce their oral presentation experience and skills. Upon completing this course students should have developed significant experience with the design, implementation and evaluation of oral presentations related to Earth science topics. Each student shall complete the following;

1. Observation of five official seminar talks on an Earth science topic 2. Compilation of a portfolio containing evaluation of each seminar talk 3. Oral presentation to peers summarizing a specific research topic or literature related

to Earth science

Course Number and Name GSC 411 / GSC 411L: GIS Applications for Earth Scientists II (Renumbered from GSC 311/L)

Catalog Description Practical GIS methods for map representation and quantitative analysis of coordinate-based geoscience data. Practical acquisition of X-Y-Z-attribute data. Creation of geo-databases linked to topology. Manipulation of digital data layers; enhancement with graphics programs. Derivative GIS maps applied to spatial analysis of geologic and hydrologic processes. Three-dimensional analysis of well data; cross section construction. One hour lecture plus two 3-hour laboratories. Expected Educational Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: 1. Review, practice and demonstrate competency in the many learning outcomes listed for GSC 401/GSC 401L 2. Create contour maps of various topographic, geologic, hydrologic and meteorology data sets, then use ArcGIS Analysis tools to generate derivative maps showing spatial variation in slope aspect, gradient, precision, etc. 3. Utilize slope aspect and slope gradient maps in concert with structural data to determine areas of “daylighting condition” subject to potential landslide hazard 4. Utilize ArcCatalog to set up geo-database needed to convert raster scans of raw geologic maps into digital geologic maps. 5. Know basic procedures for digitizing line, polygon and point data from geo-registered raster scans of conventional geologic maps or satellite images. 6. Create a clean topology from digitized line and polygon files. 7. Link digitized topology elements to geo-database using ArcMap in concert with ArcCatalog. 8. Utilize area analysis tools to derive statistical information form digitized polygon maps; e.g. percentage of area covered by land with specific attribute, etc. 9. Complete a capstone field project with class team-mates, entailing: a. Acquisition of raw field data (e.g., X,Y, Z coordinates and various geologic or hydrologic attributes) at a remote field site using conventional surveying and mapping equipment, b. Creation of digital map and corresponding geo-database, c. Written description and analysis of field relationships and d. oral presentation of results to student peers and faculty.

Course Number and Name GSC 415 / GSC 415L: Engineering Geology II Catalog Description Application of geologic and geophysical principles to engineering problems encountered in the geotechnical industry. Lecture topics include earthquake faults and seismology of Southern California, earthquake induced strong ground motion and site effects, seismic instrumentation and shake maps, probabilistic hazard analysis, Alquist Priolo/fault trench studies, stability analysis of slopes and dams, and case studies of landslides, earthquakes, and dam failures. Laboratory sessions involve 3-dimensional analysis of geologic data, field measurement and analysis of unstable slopes, and investigation of dam sites. 3 units lecture/discussion scheduled for evening. 1 unit laboratory requires field trips to be conducted on selected Saturdays. Prerequisites: Equivalent of GSC 111/GSC 141L or GSC 321/GSC 321L. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: 1. Ability to recognize geologic site conditions leading to problems related to stability or safety of man-made structures (buildings, roads, dams, or cut slopes) 2. Knowledge of earthquake faults and related seismic hazards in southern California 3. Understanding of seismic wave propagation, strong ground motion, and site effects associated with earthquakes 4. Ability to access and interpret various forms of geologic hazards maps produced by government agencies (shake maps, landslide hazards maps, probabilistic seismic hazards maps) 5. Understanding of the Alquist-Priolo Act and its foundations in fault trenching studies 6. Facility with a Brunton compass to measure fractures and other planar discontinuities in natural and cut slopes. 7. Ability to statistically analyze planar orientation data with a Stereonet. 8. Oral presentation of a case study synthesis focusing on a historical landslide, earthquake, or dam failure.

Course Number and Name: GSC 423/423L: Sedimentary Geology Catalog Description Stratigraphic procedures, correlation, depositional environments, classification and origin of stratigraphic units, chemical, mineralogic and textural studies of sedimentary rocks, using petrographic, mechanical and x-ray techniques. Theory of the classification and origin of these rocks. Field trips. 3 lectures, 2 three-hour laboratories. Prerequisite: GSC 325/325L. Field trips required. Field trip fee required. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: 1. A knowledge of the origin of sedimentary materials – weathering processes. 2. An understanding of particle / fluid interactions – entrainment, transportation and deposition of sedimentary materials. 3. An understanding of the fundamental properties and characteristics of sedimentary deposits – grain size, shape, texture, porosity, permeability, etc. 4. A general knowledge of sediment diagenesis – the making of sedimentary rocks. 5. An understanding of the major sedimentary rock classification schemes. 6. A knowledge of essential primary and post-depositional sedimentary structures. 7. A knowledge of the fundamental principles of stratigraphy. 8. A knowledge of key sedimentary environments. 9. An ability to study and classify sedimentary rocks in thin section. 10. An ability to recognize key fossil fragments in thin section. 11. A knowledge of and experience with conducting size analysis of unconsolidated sediment. 12. An understanding of the various techniques for correlating sedimentary rock units.

Course Number and Name GSC 424: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Catalog Description Theory of the origin, classification, chemistry and mineralogy of igneous and metamorphic rocks. 3 lectures. Prerequisites: GSC 325/325L. Corequisite: GSC 425L. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below:

1. Know the common classifications of igneous and metamorphic rocks and be able to apply those classifications.

2. Apply phase diagrams to the understanding of igneous rocks. 3. Be able to relate differences in major and minor element chemistry of rocks to

genesis. 4. Understand the basics of magma differentiation and diversification. 5. Possess a working knowledge of the genesis of basalts, mafic and ultramafic

rocks. 6. Understand the fundamental felsic rock suites, their mode of formation, how

they differ and their genesis. 7. Understand and apply the concept of metamorphic facies. 8. Apply chemographic diagrams to genetic studies of igneous rocks. 9. Interpret field maps of metamorphic and igneous rock terrains. 10. Prepare a detailed field description and interpretation of a selected field area.

Course Number and Name GSC 425L: Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology Laboratory Catalog Description Mineralogy, texture and description of igneous and metamorphic rocks with the petrographic microscope, mineral separation techniques and xray diffraction. Field trips. Prerequisite GSC 325. Corequisite GSC 424. 2 threehour laboratories. Field trips required. Field trip fees required. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below:

1. Identify common rock-forming minerals in thin section. 2. Be able to petrographically classify igneous and metamorphic rocks. 3. Recognize and interpret rock textures and structures. 4. Collect, analyze and interpret suites of rocks from field areas. 5. Apply the commonly utilized rock classifications in the field and lab.

Course Number and Name GSC 432 / GSC 432L; PLT 432/432L (cross-listed): Soil Physics Catalog Description

Methods to characterize physical attributes of soil. Soil particle size distribution and structure, nature and behavior of clay, state and movement of water and solutes in saturated and unsaturated soil conditions, gas and energy exchange between soil and atmosphere, principles of rheology. 3 hours lecture/problem solving, 1 three-hour laboratory. Prerequisites: GSC 141L or PLT 231/231L, senior or graduate standing

Learning Outcomes

This course is particularly relevant to students pursuing careers in soil science, environmental science, plant science, hydrogeology and water resources.

Upon completion of the course, students are expected to have: • A good understanding of the physical properties of soils including particle size

distribution, the behavior of clays and soil structures • A good understanding of soil moisture relationships with respect to mass balance

calculations, effects of plants on soil moisture, infiltration, and percolation of water to groundwater.

• A good understanding of the movement of water and gasses under saturated and unsaturated soil conditions.

• Knowledge of field and laboratory techniques for describing and quantifying soil physical properties.

Course Number and Name GSC 433 / GSC 433L: Ore Deposits Catalog Description A systematic study of the deposition of metallic ores. Preparation of comprehensive ore deposit models is stressed requiring the integration of mineralogy, petrology and structural geology. Discussions and practical exercises on wall rock alteration, paragenesis, metal zoning and fluid inclusion geothermometry are important components of the course. Laboratory examination of polished sections and thin sections from "classic" mining districts throughout the world and field trips to important mining districts compliment the lecture. Three lectures and one 3 hour lab. Prerequisite: GSC 215/215L. Required field trips. Field trip fee required. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below:

1. Ore deposits is a capstone experience and students will be required to apply knowledge from many previous geology classes, e.g. Mineralogy, Optical Mineralogy, Geochemistry, Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology, Structural Geology and Sedimentary Geology.

2. Understand the fundamental morphology of ore deposits. 3. Apply the Lindgren classification. 4. Use reflected light microscopes to identify common ore-forming minerals. 5. Understand and interpret ore textures. 6. Analyze fluid inclusions. 7. Prepare genetic models for various types of ore deposits including porphyry

copper & moly deposits; epithermal gold deposits; kimberlites/carbonatites; layered mafic intrusive; komatiites; massive sulfide deposits; Mississippi-valley type deposits; banded Iron Formation and Uranium Deposits.

Course Number and Name GSC 434 / GSC 434L: Shallow Subsurface Geophysics Catalog Description Geophysical techniques. Gravity, magnetic, electrical and seismic methods applied to the solution of geologic problems. 3 lectures/problem solving, 1 three hour laboratory. Prerequisites: GSC 111, GSC 141L, PHY 132 and PHY 132L or PHY 122 and PHY 122L. Field trips required. Field trip fee required.

Learning Outcomes This course discusses several different methods and approaches in geophysics for exploring the shallow subsurface. The level of the course is directed towards advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the Natural Sciences and Civil Engineering. Some of the lab time will be used to conduct geophysical field experiments and analyze the resulting data using computer processing. After completing this course students should have developed significant working knowledge of the following facts, terms or theories: • Types of seismic waves, their velocities and propagation • Principles and laws governing ray paths in layered materials • Wave attenuation and amplitude • Types of seismic sources used in surveys • Travel time equations and determination of layer thicknesses for subsurface structures

ranging in degree of complexity from a homogeneous subsurface to multiple dipping interfaces using the seismic refraction method

• Methods of detecting hidden zones in the subsurface, such as low-velocity or thin layers • Travel time equations and determination of layer thicknesses for subsurface structures

ranging in degree of complexity from a single horizontal subsurface interface to a dipping interface using the seismic reflection method

• Analysis and processing of reflection data • Common field procedures in seismic reflection and refraction studies • The Earth’s gravitational field • Types of gravity measurements and procedures for obtaining gravity data in the field

using Department gravimeter • Common corrections applied to observed gravity measurements • Predicted gravity effects of simple geometric shapes • Analysis of gravity anomalies • Fundamentals of the magnetic method, ground penetrating radar and electrical

resistivity Students shall demonstrate knowledge of specific facts, terms or theories by their ability to answer questions on two exams given towards the middle and end of the quarter. These exams are designed to test basic understanding of material and students' ability to apply principles and solve applied problems with geophysics. Students shall further demonstrate

comprehension by their ability to read research and/or industry publications on exploration surveys and summarize these papers in short presentations and written summaries. Students shall utilize scientific methodologies and technical skills acquired in previous Science and Mathematics courses. Students shall demonstrate application of knowledge to new problems by their ability to analyze data from geophysical surveys, in small groups as well as individually, graph and display the results of their analysis and interpret them in the framework of the models discussed in class. Students will have learned to use seismic refraction equipment to conduct a seismic refraction survey and to interpret the waveform data generated in this experiment in the framework of a simplified model of the shallow subsurface. Students shall demonstrate comprehension by their ability to write short scientific reports on their findings. Students shall demonstrate their understanding of basic computer processing by using applications to perform forward and inverse modeling for the geophysical methods covered in class and in lab/homework assignments.

Course Number and Name: GSC 440 / GSC 440L: Exploration and Mining Geology Catalog Description Planning and implementation of mineral exploration programs, resource extraction and ore-processing. Course topics include mineral economics, exploration planning, exploration techniques, ore deposit valuation and mining and processing systems. Special emphasis is placed on the economic theory and practical aspects of development of precious metal properties. Laboratory exercises focus on all aspects of exploration from field exercises involving claim staking, geochemical/geophysical prospecting and underground mine mapping to on-campus work with computer generated ore reserve models and automated data base literature searches. 3 lectures, 1 three-hour laboratory. Prerequisites: GSC 111, GSC 215/215L. Learning Outcomes

Course Number and Name: GSC 444 / GSC 444L: Geotectonics Catalog Description Study of the major tectonic elements of the Earth, their geometry, kinematics and dynamics with special emphasis on the Cordillera of Western North America. All of the tectonic features will be analyzed in the context of plate tectonics. Prerequisites: GSC 111, GSC 141L. Field trips required. 3 lectures/problem-solving, 1 three-hour laboratory. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: 1. Know the historical development of ideas and scientific breakthroughs associated with formulation of Plate Tectonics theory. 2. Understand the basic geophysical and geochemical observations that constrain our modern models for Earth’s internal structure. 3. Know the names and absolute time boundaries for major eons, eras, periods, and epochs of the geologic time scale. 4. Know distinctive rock assemblages and geologic structures associated with modern extensional, compressional, and strike-slip tectonic environments. 5. Describe salient characteristics of the five Archean microcontinents composing the core of the North American (Laurentian) craton. 6. Describe the major tectonic cycles (Wilson cycles) associated with formation, breakup, and dispersal of the Rodinia and Pangaea supercontinents. 7. Outline the Paleoproterozoic to Recent tectonic history of southwestern North America, with an emphasis on distinctive rock packages and structures preserved in southern California. 8. Conduct literature research on a topic related to tectonic development of a noteworthy rock assemblage, fault zone, or historical earthquake in southern California. 9. Present an oral report of research topic to peers in an appropriate field setting. 10. Write a formal research paper on chosen topic, formatted to Geological Society of America Bulletin specifications.

Course Number and Name: GSC 450 / GSC450L: Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structure Catalog Description The study of the generation, propagation and recording of seismic waves and of the sources that produce them. Stress and strain. Body waves and ray theory. Surface waves and free oscillations. Seismometry. Interpretation of seismograms. Determination of Earth structure. Reflection seismology. Seismic sources. Strong motion seismology and earthquake hazard. Earthquake statistics. Seismotectonics. 3 hours of lecture + 3 hours lab Expected Educational Outcomes This course discusses the basic principles of seismology and is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the Natural Sciences and Civil Engineering. Throughout the course a connection will be made between theories of wave propagation and earthquake sources and observational research on earthquake rupture processes and the structure of the Earth. In the labs actual seismic data (waveforms as well as earthquake catalogs) will be analyzed using scientific methods. Specific Learning Outcomes for GSC 450/450L: After completing this course students should have developed significant working knowledge of the following facts, terms or theories: 1) Basic history of seismology 2) Stress and strain and their relationship 3) Characteristics of body waves: P- and S-Waves 4) Snell’s Law 5) Travel time curves 6) Reflection and transmission coefficients 7) Phases and techniques used in reflection seismology 8) Characteristics of surface waves: Love and Rayleigh waves 9) Free oscillations of the Earth 10) Excitation and propagation of tsunami 11) Basic functionality of seismometers and seismic networks 12) Different types of earthquake faulting 13) Determining the source mechanism of an earthquake 14) Seismotectonics: different types of plate boundaries and the earthquakes associated with them 15) Different scales of earthquake size: intensity and magnitude 16) Earthquake dynamics: particle velocity, directivity and rupture velocity 17) Earthquake sequences: aftershocks, foreshocks, swarms and earthquake statistics 18) Earthquake prediction and forecasting Students will also learn how they can use specific Internet sites to obtain, both global as well as local, seismic data, and where on the Internet

they can find near real-time and post-earthquake information on large global and local earthquakes. General Learning Outcomes for GSC 450/450L: Students shall demonstrate knowledge of specific facts, terms or theories by their ability to answer questions on two exams given towards the middle and end of the quarter. Students shall further demonstrate comprehension by their ability to read several research publications on seismological topics and summarize these papers in short presentations. Students shall demonstrate application of knowledge to new problems by their ability to analyze seismic data, both waveforms as well as earthquake catalogs, in small groups as well as individually, graph and display the results of their analysis and interpret them in the framework of the theories discussed in class. Students shall demonstrate comprehension by their ability to write short scientific reports on their findings. Students shall demonstrate synthetic understanding by integrating ideas by researching a specific question related to a seismological topic and presenting their findings in a classroom presentation.

Course Number and Name GSC 491L: Field Module Catalog Description Advanced geologic mapping in a variety of geologic settings. Field reports, maps and cross sections required. Techniques emphasized include surveying, GPS mapping, satellite and aerial photo interpretation, Brunton compass pace and traverse. Each module requires a minimum of five field days with additional field and lab time as necessary to complete the assignments. Students are expected to complete four (4) modules to fulfill the GSC degree requirement. Each module must be topically distinctive. Modules must be taken from at least two different instructors. Total credit limited to 8 units with a maximum of 4 units per quarter. Individual modules count for 2 units laboratory. Learning Outcomes Upon completing course, students shall have attained working knowledge of content areas and developed practical skills or gained experiences as listed below: Demonstrate proficiency with the Brunton compass to map structures, Possess the fundamental skills necessary for surveying areas to prepare base maps

with a Total Station Tachiometer, Prepare topographic and geologic maps with computer software, Utilize hand held GPS units for location as well as geologic mapping, Integrate GPS data into in ARC-View and other GIS software, Acquire and utilize high resolution 3-D satellite imagery for base mapping and

structural depiction, Compile and analyze computer data from a variety of sources and present it in a

coherent format, Integrate their field data into a larger scale understanding of the regional geologic and

tectonic picture, Prepare a final field report that closely mimics the type of report that will be required

of them as employees in the geotechnical fields.

Course Number and Name GSC 495: Planetary Science Catalog Description Characteristics of planets, satellites and small bodies in our solar system as deduced from cutting edge developments in contemporary planetary science; space exploration and remote sensing of these bodies; formation and evolution of their surfaces, atmospheres and interiors. Discussions of laboratory simulations of planetary processes and field studies of landforms on Earth analogous to extraterrestrial features. Processes related to observable extra-solar planet properties. 4 hours of lecture. Learning Outcomes Motivation: This class emphasizes the part of the universe that is within reach of direct humanexperience and exploration. Planetary science is an area of increasing interest, as we learn more about our solar system with each new mission. The goal of this class is to teach students about other worlds in our Solar System and beyond, and thus also enhance their understanding of the place our own planet has in the universe. This class will furthermore provide students with practical knowledge of cutting edge technology and methodology used in remote sensing, which is increasingly being applied to our own planet. After completing this course students should have developed or gained the following knowledge and skill sets: 1. Understanding of how planets and other large bodies evolve, knowledge about the processes that govern their surface features, crustal structures and interior compositions and how active these processes are/were in shaping each individual planet. 2. Working knowledge of how data obtained from other planets help illuminate environmental processes and evolutionary processes on our own planet. 3. Increased understanding of how astronomical concepts and methods are applied to the solution of problems relating to the evolution of planets, moons, and other planetary bodies. 4. Cognitive understanding of the principles of remote sensing and the types of data these techniques produce, for Earth as well as other planets. 5. Knowledge of the basic concepts that underlie the methods that are currently used to detect extra-solar planets and physical characteristics of the extra-solar planets already detected. 6. Ability to use specific Internet sites to obtain data from recent space missions and how to interpret/implement/process these data. Students shall furthermore demonstrate: 1. Knowledge of specific facts, terms and theories by their ability to answer questions on quizzes and exams. 2. Synthetic understanding by being able to participate in meaningful discussions of seminal papers in planetary science. 3. Application of knowledge to new problems by their ability to analyze space mission data,

in small groups as well as individually, graph and display the results of their analysis and interpret these results in the framework of the theories discussed in class. 4. Synthetic understanding by integrating ideas by researching a specific question related to planetary science using scientific publications and presenting their findings in a written report or oral presentation.

Course Number and Name GSC 501: Advanced Topics in Geosciences Catalog Description A review and analysis of fundamental geological concepts, principles and processes. Geoscience subdisciplines may include but are not limited to Hydrogeology, Geophysics, Engineering Geology, Mineral and Energy Resources, Structural Geology, Neotectonics and Natural Hazards. Participants will present oral and written summaries of important geologic concepts, and participate in discussion sessions which examine the underlying hypotheses and recent research advances. Three units of lecture / discussion per week. Learning Outcomes This seminar style course will acquaint students with current topics and controversial issues in a variety of Geoscience disciplines. Through analysis of readings and informal discussions with peers, students will gain insights into current scientific topics and practical experience with public summation / dissemination of technical information. Students are expected to achieve the following learning outcomes: • Experience with reading, analysis and interpretation of technical articles or other reading

materials, • Practice with public speaking, peer interaction and group discussion in a seminar setting, • Design and oral presentation of article summaries to student peers and faculty moderator; • Creation of written abstracts underscoring salient methods, data, interpretations and

conclusions contained in assigned readings

Course Number and Name GSC 503L: Field Investigations Catalog Description Field excursions to sites of geologic, geophysical, hydrologic or geotechnical importance within California and the southwestern U.S. Students will participate in advanced field mapping projects, geophysical surveys or hydrogeologic / geotechnical investigations and present “on-site” reviews of field relationships or data collected with instruments. Written and/or oral reports will summarize the pertinent aspects of student field experiences. Course may involve multi-day field trips and/or shorter one-day excursions. Trips will be scheduled at the discretion of the instructor(s). 2 units laboratory. Learning Outcomes Areas of study may include but are not limited to the Los Angeles Basin, California Coastal Ranges, Sierra Nevada, Mojave Desert, San Gabriel Mountains, Sonora Desert, and California coast. The overarching objective is to make scientific observations in a unique field setting. To complete related work assignments students will need to draw on skills acquired in their previous course work. Depending on the particular emphasis of the course, students will be expected to achieve most of the following learning outcomes: Demonstrate proficiency with the Brunton compass to map structures, Utilize geophysical or hydrological instrumentation to acquire field data related to a

specific problem or objective Possess the fundamental skills necessary for surveying areas to prepare base maps

with a Total Station and/or laser rangefinder, Prepare multi-parameter maps with computer software, Utilize hand held GPS units for precise location in field mapping, Integrate GPS data into in ArcGIS and other GIS mapping software, Acquire and utilize high resolution 3-D satellite imagery for base mapping and

structural interpretation, Compile and analyze computer data from a variety of sources and present it in a

coherent format, Integrate field data into a larger scale understanding of the regional setting, Prepare a final field report that closely mimics the types of reports that will be required

of them as employees in geotechnical fields.

Course Number and Name GSC 534 / GSC534L: Quaternary Geology Catalog Description History of the Earth during and since Ice Ages; Quaternary record of sedimentation, faulting and volcanism; causes and mechanisms of cyclical deposition patterns; global, physical and biological effects of Quaternary glaciations and climate change. Three hours of lecture per week plus one 3-hour lab. Learning Outcomes This course is based on advanced level discussion and interpretation of active earth processes controlling the observable record of Quaternary soils, rocks and faults. Most of the lab time will be used to evaluate real-world Quaternary data sets and conduct related field investigations. Students will analyze the associated data and write several reports.. The overall goals for this course are for students to gain:

1. a set of analytical tools to use in Quaternary studies 2. an understanding of environmental change in the context of the past 2 million years

of earth’s history

More specifically, students should gain improved abilities to: 1. collect field data; analyze and interpret Quaternary deposits (including soils) and

landforms 2. use the geologic record to reconstruct Quaternary history 3. read critically and for comprehension 4. plan a research project and work collaboratively with a team 5. communicate ideas in written and oral formats 6. evaluate the relationship between human activities and Quaternary environmental

characteristics

Course Number and Name GSC 541 / GSC 541L: Micropaleontology Catalog Description Three hours of lecture/problems per week plus one three-hour laboratory. Morphology, classification and evolution of major plant and animal microfossil groups with emphasis on the Foraminiferida. Use of microfossils in petroleum exploration and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. 3 lectures/problem solving. 1 three hour laboratory Learning Outcomes Micropaleontology involves a detailed investigation and examination of fossilized protistan life forms that are most commonly used in evolutionary studies applicable to biostratigraphy, paleoceanography, and global climate change. The emphasis of these studies will be on the evolutionary history and ecology of the most common microfossils including diatoms, foraminifers, radiolarians, and calcareous nannoplankton all of which are of paramount importance in petroleum exploration. The laboratory component of the course will allow students to collect and process bulk microfossil samples; process/prepare the samples for detailed microscopic examination and identification of “key” indices useful in age and paleoecologic studies. “Unknowns” (samples of unknown age and provenience – to the students) will be distributed as an additional laboratory exercise. Individual students (or, possibly, small groups, depending on class size) will undertake a brief research project and deliver a paper and oral report on the results of the project in the last two laboratory meetings. The project may involve either a field investigation or a literature search. The course will cover principles and practices of micropaleontology. Applications of paleoecology and environmental studies, microfossil identifications, sample preparations, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions will be included.

After the completion of GSC 541 and 541L the student should demonstrate mastery of the below listed knowledge and skill sets:

1) Recognition of the major groups of calcareous and siliceous microfossils useful in geochronologic and paleoecologic studies

2) Understanding of the basic biology of significant protist groups (particularly their reproduction and growth) and its ecologic significance for the taxa

3) Knowledge of the classification of the major protistan taxa 4) Realization that a study of microfossils over time is an excellent way to

demonstrate the reality of organic evolution 5) Understand how various microfossil groups can be used to correlate over wide

distances (as in ancient or extant ocean basins, or, more locally, within a producing oil field

6) Working knowledge of how to use microfossils as “tools” for formation evaluation (age, environment of deposition, thermal history) in the search for new commercial deposits of petroleum

7) Understand how a study of various microfossil groups can be used to demonstrate rates of prehistoric climate change

Course Number and Name GSC 545 / GSC 545L: Advanced Hydrogeology Catalog Description Modern techniques and recent advances in hydrogeology such as groundwater modeling, well hydraulics and aquifer analysis, contaminant hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry, and environmental sampling and protocols. Three hours of lecture per week plus one 3- hour lab. Learning Outcomes This course is based on advanced level discussion of different methods and approaches in today’s groundwater industry. The level of the course is appropriate for graduate students in the Natural Sciences and Civil Engineering. Most of the lab time will be used to evaluate real-world hydrologic data sets and conduct hydrogeologic field experiments. Students will analyze the resulting data using computer processing. Several field reports may be assigned. After completing this course students should have developed or gained the following knowledge and skill sets: • Understanding of Darcy’s Law and its application to groundwater flow problems • Description of natural geologic controls on variations in porosity, permeability and

hydraulic head • Working knowledge of drilling practices used by industry in the Design, Installation,

Testing and Maintenance of groundwater wells • Application of well pumping data to determination of aquifer parameters • Understanding of the flow net equation and its applicability to groundwater problems • Demonstrated working knowledge of MODFLOW or similar groundwater modeling

software applications • Utilization of basic equations of contaminant transport in groundwater systems • Understanding of remediation methods used to clean up contaminated groundwater • Ability to synthesize information from technical articles and present synopsis to peers

Course Number and Name GSC 551 / GSC 551L: Petroleum Geology Catalog Description Origin and occurrence of petroleum and related products. Study of the geologic structure and stratigraphy of major oil and gas fields. Three hours of lecture/problems per week plus one three-hour laboratory. Learning Outcomes The course will be based largely on traditional methods and techniques of exploration for conventional petroleum (includes gas) resources. Significant time will be spent, however, on increasingly important alternative hydrocarbon resources (tar sands, oil shales, and in situ coal gasification). Secondary and tertiary extraction of fuels (including hydrofracturing) also will be discussed. An updated version of the computer generated “Oil Game” (or similar) will be used as part of the course laboratory component, and at least one field trip to an active, producing oil field (likely offshore Long Beach) will be required. Laboratory exercises will include graphical solutions to hydrocarbon trapping mechanisms. Volumetric calculations of hydrocarbon reserves will be undertaken. After completion of GSC 551 and 551L (Petroleum Geology and Petroleum Geology Lab), students should have developed, and demonstrated mastery of, the following knowledge and skill sets: 1) Understanding of the origin of oil and gas (liquid and gaseous phase hydrocarbons);

biological versus abiotic models; the chemistry of petroleum; review of basic organic chemical structures

2) Knowledge of the processes governing the maturation of oil and gas; in source sediments: Diagenetic, Catagenetic, and Metagenetic Phases

3) Understanding of the early (primary) migration of hydrocarbons from sources to reservoir rocks, competing hypotheses: the effects of overpressured source sediments

4) Understanding of the process of segregation of oil and gas at lithologic boundaries: accumulation of fluids within a trapping mechanism; separation and migration of fluids within a reservoir; porosity and permeability and their measurement; DARCY’S LAW and its application to petroleum migration

5) Knowledge of trapping mechanism: structural versus stratigraphic traps; hydrodynamic traps, and combination traps; other miscellaneous trapping mechanisms (elastic versus carbonate reservoirs and their attributes)

6) Working knowledge of the technology relevant to the discovery, evaluation, and management of oil and/or gas resources. Well log types and their applications: i.e., seismic profiling and seismic section interpretation; the significance of “bright spots” on seismic sections; seismic stratigraphy and sequences; correlation using geophysical logs and biostratigraphic data points; dip meter

7) What to do after oil is found; working knowledge of the exchange of information between the geologist and the petroleum engineer – planning maximum recovery of

hydrocarbons; the geologist’s input into secondary recovery projects; the profession of the developmental geologist

8) Working understanding of basin analysis, reserve estimation and possible development of (at present) non-economic, alternative fuels including tar sands, oil shale, bituminous diatomites, and methane clathrates

9) Understanding of the future of petroleum geology particularly in relation to Hubbert’s Curve and HUBBERT’S PEAK; non hydrocarbon alternative energy sources: wind, solar, hydroelectric and nuclear.

Course Number and Name GSC 564 / GSC564L: Advanced Shallow Subsurface Geophysics Catalog Description Advanced methods used in geophysics to investigate the shallow subsurface, focused on the interpretation of geophysical data through forward and inverse modeling. Use of seismic ambient noise measurements to determine shallow shear wave velocity. Application of Ground Penetrating Radar. Gravity surveys using gravimeter and total station. Inversion of refraction data for a seismic velocity model. Discussion of recent case studies from literature. 3 hours of lecture + 3 hours lab. Learning Outcomes This course is based on advanced level discussion of different methods and approaches in geophysics for exploring the shallow subsurface. The level of the course is appropriate for graduate students in the Natural Sciences and Civil Engineering. Most of the lab time will be used to conduct geophysical field experiments and analyze the resulting data using computer processing, and several field reports will be assigned. After completing this course students should have developed significant working knowledge of the following facts, terms or theories: • Types of seismic waves, their velocities and propagation • Principles of the use of surface wave data from ambient noise to determine the average

shear velocity of the upper 30 m • Use of software to invert ambient noise measurements for a seismic shear velocity model • Principles and laws governing ray paths in layered materials • Travel time equations and determination of layer thicknesses for subsurface structures

ranging in degree of complexity from a homogeneous subsurface to multiple dipping interfaces using the seismic refraction method

• How to recognize different basic characteristics of the subsurface model in unprocessed refraction data, such as the presence of a dipping layer, varying topography or abrupt lateral changes

• Use of software to invert for a 2-D seismic velocity model from refraction survey data • Field procedures and fundamentals of gravity surveys using gravimeter and total station • Forward modeling of gravity anomalies, being able to predict the gravitational signal due

to the presence of simplified subsurface bodies • Use of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) to detect subsurface bodies • Advantages and disadvantages of the use of specific geophysical techniques for specific

types of problems

Course Number and Name GSC 568 / GSC568L: Topics in Advanced Seismology Catalog Description Advanced topics and applications of global, engineering and applied seismology, covering recent developments in both source and structural studies. Rupture processes of large earthquakes. Factors involved in excitation of strong ground motion. Tsunamigenesis. Issues in global and California-specific seismic and tsunami hazard. Discussion of recent scientific literature. 3 hours of lecture + 3 hours lab. Learning Outcomes This course discusses advanced concepts in seismology and is intended for graduate students in the Natural Sciences and Civil Engineering. Throughout the course a connection will be made between theories of wave propagation and earthquake sources and observational research on earthquake rupture processes and the structure of the Earth. In the labs seismic data (waveforms as well as earthquake catalogs) will be analyzed using scientific methods. Some of this seismic data may be gathered through deployment of seismometers by students early in the quarter, or may have been gathered by previous classes. After completing this course students should have developed significant working knowledge of the following facts, terms or theories: • Principles of the rupture process of large earthquakes: concepts such as rupture velocity,

rise time and particle velocity and order-of-magnitude estimates of these parameters for different size earthquakes

• Factors that are considered to control earthquake ground motion parameters that are directly correlated with earthquake damage and geophysical methods that may be used to measure these factors prior to earthquake activity

• Seismometry, important factors to consider in installation of seismic sensors • Types of earthquakes that are expected to occur in different types of tectonic

environments, such as within different parts of the subduction zone • Interpretation of global and California seismic and tsunami hazard maps • Detailed structural parameters that may be resolved using seismology, and which types of

seismic waves and phases are analyzed to obtain these structural parameters • Types of data and methodologies used to determine seismic hazard Students shall demonstrate knowledge of specific facts, terms or theories by their ability to answer questions on two exams given towards the middle and end of the quarter. These exams are designed to test understanding of material and students' ability to apply principles and solve applied problems with seismology. Students shall further demonstrate comprehension by their ability to discuss research publications on new observations, methods and results in seismology and summarize these papers in short presentations and written summaries. Students shall utilize scientific methodologies and technical skills acquired in previous Science and Mathematics courses. Students shall demonstrate application of knowledge to new problems by their ability to analyze data from seismic surveys, in small groups as well as individually, graph and display the results of their analysis

and interpret them in the framework of the models discussed in class. Students shall demonstrate comprehension by interpretation of seismic and tsunami hazard maps. Students will show that they have learned to install seismometers by conducting a seismic experiment, and will interpret the waveform data generated in this or previous experiments. Students shall demonstrate comprehension by their ability to write complete scientific reports on their findings.

Course Number and Name GSC 575 / GSC575L: Contaminant Transport Catalog Description Advanced techniques for quantifying the fate and transport of contaminants in the environment including mass balance, advection, diffusion, partitioning of chemicals between different phases in the environment, and the use of chemical and isotopic tracers to track migration of contaminants. 3 hours lecture/discussion, 1 three-hour laboratory. Learning Outcomes This course takes a systems approach to the study and quantification of contaminant fates and transport in earth surface and subsurface settings by combining broad aspects of hydrology, hydrogeology, and environmental geochemistry. Lecture will cover real world problems, research advances, current topics, and the theoretical basis behind fate and transport of contaminants. Laboratory activities will focus on evaluating geologic/environmental information and data, developing conceptual models, learning field and laboratory techniques to test hypotheses, and developing problem-solving skills necessary to quantify systems affected by contamination. After completing this course students should be able to: 1. Quantify the migration of contaminants in a variety of geologic and environmental

conditions. 2. Evaluate the quality of geochemical and hydrological data. 3. Describe how to quantify sources of variation in environmental settings. 4. Explain source and sink relationships with respect to common environmental contaminants

including salinity, temperature, hydrocarbons, trace metals, and radioactive/stable isotopes.

5. Apply common remediation techniques and mitigation strategies to the solution of a contaminant transport problem.

6. Synthesize information from technical articles and disseminate that information.

Course Number and Name GSC 600: Thesis Proposal Catalog Description An oral presentation and discussion of a proposed research plan for the Master’s thesis. Required for Advancement to Candidacy. 1 unit Learning Outcomes Expected Educational Outcomes This course constitutes the important preliminary step of initiating a successful Master’s thesis. Masters candidates will work closely with a Geology faculty adviser to develop a thesis plan custom-tailored to student interests and work or family constraints. A wide variety of thesis projects may be appropriate, ranging from classical research to scientific extensions of industry-related work efforts. Students are expected to achieve the following learning outcomes: • Preliminary background investigation to select a unique project, • Definition of a research topic and attainable research objectives appropriate for a Master’s

Thesis in Geology, • Written thesis proposal, including annotated bibliography, work plan and timeline

necessary to complete the thesis, • Formal oral presentation of thesis proposal to the Master’s Thesis Committee and

graduate student peers

Course Number and Name GSC 694: Thesis Research Catalog Description Completion of thesis-related research under the supervision of a Geology faculty member, leading to the preparation for writing a Master’s thesis. Enrollment for 1 to 6 units per academic quarter is permitted. Total credit limited to 6 units. Learning Outcomes This course is the crucial intermediate step to completing a successful Master’s thesis. Masters candidates will work closely with faculty adviser to conduct independent research custom-tailored to the objectives outlined in their Thesis Proposal (GSC 600). A wide variety of research endeavors may be appropriate, ranging from classical research to scientific extensions of industry-related work efforts. Students are expected to achieve the following learning outcomes generally related to the scientific method: • Directed research relevant to chosen thesis project: preliminary acquisition, organization

and compilation of observation or experimental data, • Hypothesis formulation and interpretation of data as appropriate, • Discussion of results with faculty supervisor, • Testing of hypotheses with further directed research as appropriate, • Formulation of conclusions

Course Number and Name GSC 696: Master’s Degree Thesis Catalog Description Compilation, evaluation, interpretation, and report of research for Master’s thesis directed by a committee of Geology faculty members. Completion of university-approved, bound thesis. Expected Educational Outcomes This course is the final culminating step to completing a successful Master’s thesis. Masters candidates will work closely with faculty adviser to write and present a formal thesis document that adheres to Geology Department specifications and University guidelines. In completing the Master’s thesis, students are expected to achieve the following learning outcomes: • Detailed written explanation and compilation of observation or experimental data

acquired during the research phase of the project, • Interpretation of the data in context of appropriate hypotheses • Incorporation of illustrations, data tables and charts as appropriate • Articulation of results and conclusions, • Compilation of a relevant bibliography • Formatting of the thesis document in a style appropriate for the Geology discipline • Design and presentation of powerpoint slide show summarizing salient points of the

Master’s thesis