Course 13 - MPE - 2012-2013_Decrypted

7/30/2019 Course 13 - MPE - 2012-2013_Decrypted

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G. & D. CHIRLEAN, Management of the International Projects Course

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Chapter 11:OTHER SPECIAL FUNDS, DESTINED TO

AGRICULTURE

STRUCTURE OF THE COURSE 13:

11.1: Rural Development policy 2007-2013

11.2: European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD):

11.2.1.: Scope, mission and objectives of EAFRD

11.2.2.: Principles of assistance; partnership

11.2.3.: Implementation of EAFRD

11.3: European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

11.3.1.: Common Fisheries Policy (CFP)

11.3.2.: European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

11.1: Rural Development policy 2007-2013

On 20 February 2006 the Agriculture Council adopted EU strategic guidelines for rural

development - five months after the adoption of the Council Regulation on support for rural

development by the new European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD).

These guidelines set out a strategic approach and a range of options which Member

States could use in their national strategy plans and Rural Development programmes.

Since the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy, Rural Development is playing an

increasingly important role in helping rural areas to meet the economic, social and environmentalchallenges of the 21st century. Rural areas make up 90 percent of the territory of the enlarged

EU and the new legal framework points more clearly to the direction of boosting growth and

creating jobs in rural areasin line with the Lisbon Strategyand improving sustainability.

The Rural Development policy 2007-2013 focuses on three areas in line with the three

thematic axes laid down in the new rural development regulation:

1. improving competitiveness for farming and forestry;

2. environment and countryside;

2. improving quality of life and diversification of the rural economy.

A fourth axis called "Leader axis" based on experience with the Leader Community

Initiatives introduces possibilities for locally based bottom-up approaches to rural development.

The programming period provides a unique opportunity to refocus support from the new

rural development fund on growth, jobs and sustainability.

The European legal framework being established, Member States can now elaborate their

national strategy plans and rural development programmes before submitting them to the

European Commission.

For each set of priorities, the EU strategic guidelines are suggesting key actions. Member

States shall prepare their national rural development strategies on the basis of six community

strategic guidelines, which will help to:


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identify the areas where the use of EU support for rural development creates the most

value added at EU level;

make the link with the main EU priorities (Lisbon, Gteborg)

ensure consistency with other EU policies, in particular cohesion and environment;

accompany the implementation of the new market orientated CAP and the necessaryrestructuring it will entail in the old and new Member States.

The six strategic guidelines are:

1. Improving the competitiveness of the agricultural and forestry sectors2. Improving the environment and the countryside3. Improving the quality of life in rural areas and encouraging diversification4. Building Local Capacity for Employment and Diversification5. Translating priorities into programmes6. Complementarity between Community Instruments[96].

11.2: European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)

For the period 20072013, according to the proposal about the modification of the

legislation in force concerning the rural development, the European Commission has proposed

financing for this sector to be assured by a unique fundEuropean Agricultural Fund for Rural

Development (EAFRD).

Thus the financial package for rural development must include the amounts coming from

the two sections (guidance and guarantee) of the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee

Fund (EAGGF), meaning that the amounts originating from the EAGGFGuidance will be

transferred to this fund, EAFRD.The total budget of EAGGFGuidance, allocated by the EU to the Member States and

Candidate Countries (EU 27), is of 31.301 million of Euro, of which for Romania and Bulgaria

the amount of 2.208 million Euro is granted. In addition to this, a fix amount of 209 million

Euro/year will be transferred to this fund from the cooperation objective with the aim of

financing the projects of LEADER+ type.

In conclusion, the importance of the rural development sector has imposed both the

increase of the funds and implicitly the simplification of money allocation system.

11.2.1.: Scope, mission and objectives of EAFRD

Thescope of the COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1698/2005 of 20 September 2005 onsupport for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development

(EAFRD) is to:

1) lay down the general rules governing Community support for rural development, financed by

the EAFRD, established by Regulation (EC) No 1290/2005;

2) define the Objectives to which rural development policy is to contribute;

3) define the strategic context for rural development policy, including the method for fixing the

Community strategic guidelines for rural development policy and the national strategy plans;

4) define the priorities and measures for rural development;

5) lay down rules on partnership, programming, evaluation, financial management, monitoring

and control on the basis of responsibilities shared between the Member States and the

Commission.


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Missions:The EAFRD shall contribute to the promotion of sustainable rural development throughout the

Community in a complementary manner to the market and income support policies of the

common agricultural policy, to cohesion policy and to the common fisheries policy.

Objectives:Support for rural development shall contribute to achieving the following objectives:

(a) improving the competitiveness of agriculture and forestry by supporting restructuring,

development and innovation;

(b) improving the environment and the countryside by supporting land management;

(c) improving the quality of life in rural areas and encouraging diversification of economic

activity.

The objectives set out above shall be implemented by means of thefour axes defined as follows:

Axis 1: Improving the competitiveness of the agricultural and forestry sector

Axis 2: Improving the environment and the countryside.Axis 3: The quality of life in rural areas and diversification of the rural economy

Axis 4: Leader (approach)

Note:

The Leader approach shall comprise at least the following elements:

(a) area-based local development strategies intended for well-identified sub-regional rural

territories;

(b) local public-private partnerships (hereinafter local action groups);

(c) bottom-up approach with a decision-making power for local action groups concerning the

elaboration and implementation of local development strategies;

(d) multi-sectoral design and implementation of the strategy based on the interaction betweenactors and projects of different sectors of the local economy;

(e) implementation of innovative approaches;

(f) implementation of cooperation projects;

(g) networking of local partnerships.

11.2.2: Principles of assistance; partnership

Theprinciples of assistance are: complementarity, consistency and conformity.

The EAFRD shall complement national, regional and local actions contributing to the

Communitys priorities.

The Commission and the Member States shall ensure that the assistance from the EAFRD and

the Member States is consistent with the activities, policies and priorities of the Community. The

assistance of the EAFRD shall be consistent with the objectives of Economic and Social

Cohesion and those of the Community support instrument for fisheries in particular.

This consistency shall be provided by the Community strategic guidelines, the national strategy

plan, the rural development programmes and the Commission report.

In accordance with their respective responsibilities, the Commission and the Member States shallensure the coordination between the assistance from the different Funds, the ERDF, the ESF, the


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CF, the Community support instrument for fisheries, and the interventions of the European

Investment Bank (hereinafter the EIB), and of other Community financial instruments.

Partnership

EAFRD assistance shall be implemented through close consultations (hereinafterpartnership)between the Commission and the Member State and with the authorities and bodies designated

by the Member State under national rules and practices, including:

(a) the competent regional, local authorities and other public authorities;

(b) the economic and social partners;

(c) any other appropriate body representing civil society, non-governmental organizations,

including environmental organizations, and bodies responsible for promoting equality between

men and women.

The Member State shall designate the most representative partners at national, regional

and local level and in the economic, social, environmental or other sphere (hereinafterpartners).

It shall create the conditions for a broad and effective involvement of all appropriate bodies, inaccordance with national rules and practices, taking into account the need to promote equality

between men and women and sustainable development through integration of environmental

protection and improvement requirements.

Thepartnership shall be conducted with due regard to the respective institutional, legal and

financial responsibilities of each category of partner.

Thepartnership shall be involved in the preparation and monitoring of the national strategy plan

and in the preparation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the rural development

programmes. Member States shall involve all appropriate partners at the various programming

stages, due regard being had to the time limit set for each step.

11.2.3.: Implementation of EAFRD

National Strategy Plans

Each Member State shall submit aNational Strategy Plan indicating the priorities of the action

of the EAFRD and of the Member State concerned taking into account the Community strategic

guidelines, their specific objectives, the contribution from the EAFRD and the other financial

resources.

The national strategy plan shall ensure that Community aid for rural development is consistent

with the Community strategic guidelines and that Community, national and regional priorities all

coordinate. The national strategy plan shall be a reference tool for preparing EAFRD

programming. It shall be implemented through the rural development programmes.

Each national strategy plan shall include:

(a) an evaluation of the economic, social and environmental situation and the potential for

development;

(b) the strategy chosen for joint action by the Community and the Member State concerned,

showing the consistency of the choices made with the Community strategic guidelines;


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(c) the thematic and territorial priorities for rural development under each axis, including the

main quantified objectives and the appropriate monitoring and evaluation indicators;

(d) a list of the rural development programmes implementing the national strategy plan and an

indicative EAFRD allocation for each programme, including the amounts provided for in Article

12(2) of Regulation (EC) No 1290/2005;(e) the means to ensure coordination with the other common agricultural policy instruments, the

ERDF, the ESF, the CF, the Community support instrument for fisheries and the EIB;

(f) if appropriate, the budget for achieving the Convergence Objective;

(g) a description of the arrangements and the indication of the amount earmarked for establishing

the national rural network.

Commision Report

Each Member State shall send the Commission its national strategy plan before

submitting its rural development programmes. For the first time in 2011 and at the start of each

second year, the Commission presented areport summarizing the main developments, trends andchallenges relating to the implementation of the national strategy plans and the Community

strategic guidelines. The last Commission Report shall be presented at the start of 2015.

This report shall be based on the Commissions analysis and appraisal of the Member

States summary reports and any other available information. It shall indicate the measures taken

or to be taken by the Member States and Commission in order to provide an appropriate follow-

up to the reports conclusions.

The Commission Report shall be sent to the European Parliament, the Council, the

European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.

Rural development programmes

The EAFRD shall act in the Member States through rural development programmes.

These programmes implement a rural development strategy through a set of measures grouped

together in accordance with the defined axes, for the achievement of which aid from the EAFRD

will be sought.

Each rural development programme shall cover a period between 1 January 2007 and 31

December 2013.

A Member State may submit either a single programme for its entire territory or a set of regional

programmes.

Member States with regional programmes may also submit for approval a national framework

containing common elements for these programmes.

Each rural development programme shall include:

(a) an analysis of the situation in terms of strengths and weaknesses, the strategy chosen to meet

them and the ex ante evaluation;


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(b) a justification of the priorities chosen having regard to the Community strategic guidelines

and the national strategy plan, as well as the expected impact according to the ex ante evaluation;

(c) information on the axes and measures proposed for each axis and their description, including

the specific verifiable objectives and indicators that allow the programmes progress, efficiency

and effectiveness to be measured;(d) a financing plan, comprising two tables:

a table setting out, in accordance with Article 69(4) and (5), the total EAFRD

contribution planned for each year. When applicable, this financing plan shall indicate

separately within the total EAFRD contribution the appropriations provided for the regions

eligible under the Convergence Objective. The planned annual EAFRD contribution shall

be compatible with the Financial Perspectives;

a table setting out for the entire programming period the total Community contribution

planned and the matching national public funding for each axis, the EAFRD contribution

rate for each axis and the amount earmarked for technical assistance. When applicable, this

table shall also indicate separately the planned EAFRD contribution for the regions eligible

under the Convergence Objective and the matching national public funding;(e) for information, an indicative breakdown of the initial amounts by measure in terms of public

and private expenditure;

(f) where applicable, a table on additional national financing per axis;

(g) the elements needed for the appraisal under competition rules and, when applicable, the list

of aid schemes to be used for the implementation of the programmes;

(h) information on the complementarity with the measures financed by the other common

agricultural policy instruments, through cohesion policy as well as by the Community support

instrument for fisheries;

(i) programme implementing arrangements, including:

the designation by the Member State of all the authorities and for information a summary

description of the management and control structure; a description of the monitoring and evaluation systems, as well as the composition of the

Monitoring Committee;

the provisions to ensure that the programme is publicized.

(j) the designation of the partners and the results of the consultations of the partners.

Rural development programmes shall be established by a Member State following close

cooperation with the partners.

Member States shall submit to the Commission a proposal for each rural development

programme.

The Commission shall assess the proposed programmes on the basis of their consistency with the

Community strategic guidelines, the national strategy plan and this Regulation.

Where the Commission considers that a rural development programme is not consistent with the

Community strategic guidelines, the national strategy plan or this Regulation, it

shall request the Member State to revise the proposed programme accordingly.

Each rural development programme shall be approved in accordance with the procedure referred

to in Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005 on support for rural development by the European

Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD).

Rural development support is provided throughEAFRD according to the measures under the

four axes above-mentioned, as follows:


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Axis 1: Improving the competitiveness of the agricultural and forestry sector

(a) measures aimed at promoting knowledge and improving human potential through:

vocational training and information actions, including diffusion of scientific knowledge

and innovative practises, for persons engaged in the agricultural, food and forestry sectors; setting up of young farmers;

early retirement of farmers and farm workers;

use of advisory services by farmers and forest holders;

setting up of farm management, farm relief and farm advisory services, as well as of

forestry advisory services;

(b) measures aimed at restructuring and developing physical potential and promoting innovation;

modernisation of agricultural holdings;

improving the economic value of forests; adding value to agricultural and forestry products;

cooperation for development of new products, processes and technologies in the

agriculture and food sector and in the forestry sector; improving and developing infrastructure related to the development and adaptation of

agriculture and forestry;

restoring agricultural production potential damaged by natural disasters and introducing

appropriate prevention actions;

(c) measures aimed at improving the quality of agricultural production and products;

helping farmers to adapt to demanding standards based on Community legislation;

supporting farmers who participate in food quality schemes;

supporting producer groups for information and promotion activities for products under

food quality schemes;

(d) transitional measures for the Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary,

Malta, Poland, Slovenia and Slovakia concerning: supporting semi-subsistence agricultural holdings undergoing restructuring;

supporting setting up of producer groups.

Axis 2: Improving the environment and the countryside.

(a) measures targeting the sustainable use of agricultural land through:

natural handicap payments to farmers in mountain areas;

payments to farmers in areas with handicaps, other than mountain areas;

Natura 2000 payments and payments linked to Directive 2000/60/EC;

agri-environment payments;

animal welfare payments;

support for non-productive investments;

(b) measures targeting the sustainable use of forestry land through:

first afforestation of agricultural land;

first establishment of agro-forestry systems on agricultural land;

first afforestation of non-agricultural land;

Natura 2000 payments;

forest-environment payments;

restoring forestry potential and introducing prevention actions;

support for non-productive investments.

Axis 3: The quality of life in rural areas and diversification of the rural economy(a) measures to diversify the rural economy, comprising:


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basic services for the economy and rural population;

village renewal and development;

encouragement of tourism activities;

(b) measures to improve the quality of life in the rural areas, comprising:

basic services for the economy and rural population, village renewal and development, conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage;

conservation and upgrading of the rural heritage.

(c) a training and information measure for economic actors operating in the fields covered by

axis 3;

(d) a skills-acquisition and animation measure with a view to preparing and implementing a local

development strategy.

Axis 4: Leader

The support granted under the Leader axis shall be for:

(a) implementing local development strategies, with a view to achieving the objectives of one or

more of the three other axes;(b) implementing cooperation projects involving the objectives selected under point (a) from

above;

(c) running the local action group, acquiring skills and animating the territory.

Resources and their distribution

The EAFRD contribution shall be calculated on the basis of the amount of eligible public

expenditure.

The EAFRD contribution rate shall be established for each axis.

(a) In the case of axis 1 and axis 3 as well as for the technical assistance the following ceilings

shall apply respectively:

75 % of the eligible public expenditure in the regions eligible under the Convergence

Objective;

50 % of the eligible public expenditure in the other regions.

(b) In the case of axis 2 and axis 4 the following ceilings shall apply respectively:

80 % of the eligible public expenditure in the regions eligible under the Convergence

Objective;

55 % of the eligible public expenditure in the other regions.

The minimum EAFRD contribution rate at axis level shall be 20 %.

At the initiative of the Member States, for each rural development programme, the

EAFRD may finance preparation, management, monitoring, evaluation, information and control

activities of programme assistance. Up to 4 % of the total amount for each programme may be

devoted to these activities.


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11.3: European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

11.3.1.: Common Fisheries Policy (CFP)

Fish resources are a natural, renewable and mobile resource whose reproduction andmovements are beyond our control. They are part of our common heritage and healthy stocks can

sustain a reasonable rate of fishing but they need a healthy marine environment. Fishing and

aquaculture are two of the most important uses of the sea. As well as providing a healthy and

enjoyable source of food they create much-needed jobs in coastal areas and promote the social

and economic well-being of the European Union's fishing regions. However, these activities

must be regulated through international cooperation to allow for the continuous renewal of

stocks and the protection of marine ecosystems.

Fish resources are part of our common heritage. Rules are necessary to prevent

overfishing by some to the detriment of all.

The Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) is the European Union's instrument for the

management of fisheries and aquaculture. It was created to manage a common resource and to

meet the obligation set in the original Treaties of the European Community. Because fish are a

natural and mobile resource they are considered as common property. In addition, the Treaties

which created the Community stated that there should be a common policy in this area, that is,

common rules adopted at EU level and implemented in all Member States.

The Common Fisheries Policy shall ensure exploitation of living aquatic resources that

provides sustainable economic, environmental and social conditions. For this purpose, the

Community shall apply the precautionary approach in taking measures designed to protect andconserve living aquatic resources, to provide for their sustainable exploitation and to minimise

the impact of fishing activities on marine eco-systems. It shall aim at a progressive

implementation of an eco-system-based approach to fisheries management. It shall aim to

contribute to efficient fishing activities within an economically viable and competitive fisheries

and aquaculture industry, providing a fair standard of living for those who depend on fishing

activities and taking into account the interests of consumers.

Common measures are agreed in the following main areas:

Conservationand limitation of the environmental impact of fishing - to protect fishresources by regulating the amount of fish taken from the sea, by allowing young fish to

reproduce, and by ensuring that measures are respected. Structures and fleet management - to help the fishing and aquaculture industries adapttheir equipment and organisations to the constraints imposed by scarce resources and the

market; measures aimed at creating a balance between fishing effort and available fish

resources are also in place;

Markets - to maintain a common organisation of the market in fish products and tomatch supply and demand for the benefit of both producers and consumers;

Relations with the outside world - to set up fisheries partnerships agreements and tonegotiate at the international level within regional and international fisheries organisations

for common conservation measures in deep-sea fisheries.


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11.3.2.: European Fisheries Fund (EFF)

A new fund for the sustainable development of fisheries in the European UnionOn 19 June 2006, the Council of Fisheries Ministers agreed on the Regulation on the

European Fisheries Fund (EFF) that the Commission proposed in July 2004.The EFF, replaced the Financial Instrument for Fisheries Guidance (FIFG), from 1

January 2007, and it is designed to secure a sustainable European fishing and aquaculture

industry.

The fund will both support the industry as it adapts its fleet to make it more competitive

and promote measures to protect and enhance the environment. It will also help fisheries

communities most affected by the resulting changes to diversify their economic base. Support

will be reinforced for measures that will ensure that the industry will continue to have access to

the skilled labour force it requires.

The EFF runs for seven years, with a total budget of around 3.8 billion. Funding will be

available for all sectors of the industrysea and inland fisheries, aquaculture businesses,

producer organisations, and the processing and marketing sectors - as well as for fisheries areas.It will be up to Member States to decide how they allocate funds between the different

priorities set.

Objectives of EFFThe main objective of the EFF is to grant financial support to the European fishing

industry, during the period 2007-2013, with a view to help it adapt to the evolving needs.

The Fund particularly focuses on:

supporting the major objectives of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP), particularlythose agreed during the reform of the policy in 2002. This includes in particular the

sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources and achieving a stable balance between these

resources and the capacity of Community fishing fleet ; strengthening the competitiveness and the viability of operators in the sector ; promoting environmentally-friendly fishing and production methods; providing adequate support to people employed in the sector. fostering the sustainable development of fisheries areas;

Extent to which EFF is different to FIFGThe EFF operates on a similar basis as its predecessor. However, it will be simpler to

manage. It will also better target the objectives of the reformed CFP. It will integrate better other

Community policies, such as environment and employment and follow a stronger and more

comprehensive strategic approach.

Innovative elements of EFFThe EFF was designed as a real tool to help deliver sustainability for the fishing industry.

Aid will promote and accompany the adjustment of fishing fleets to available resources,

particularly for those targeting endangered stocks. The environmental dimension is also

reinforced through a set of measures to promote selectivity and reduce the negative impacts of

fishing and aquaculture activities on the environment. The Fund will also dedicate more attention

to the preservation of human resources in the fisheries by providing adequate answers to the

economic and social needs of the people employed in the sector.

The EFF will contribute better to the sustainable development of fisheries areas,

particularly those which are heavily dependant on fishing, through the financing of localdevelopment strategies, designed and implemented by the stakeholders themselves.


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Last but not least the rules and mechanisms for delivering assistance are simplified under

the EFF compared to the current FIFG.

Main priority of intervention of EFF

EFF targets five priority areas. These reflect EFFs task of facilitating the implementationof measures adopted under the reform of the CFP to secure economic, environmental and social

sustainability in fisheries.

The five EFF priorities are as follows:

1.adaptation of the Community fishing fleet;2.aquaculture, inland fishing, processing and marketing of fisheries and aquacultureproducts;

3.measures of collective benefit;4.sustainable development of fisheries areas;5. technical assistance to facilitate the delivery of assistance.

Type of support that the processing and marketing sectors will enjoy from the EFFMost fish processing and marketing enterprises, with the exception of the retail sector,

will have the opportunity to receive the EFF assistance. Aid will apply to micro, small, medium

and some of the large enterprises, while priority will be given to micro and small ones and

different rules on aid intensity will apply according to the size of enterprises. Investments to

improve working conditions, health and hygiene standards, protect the environment and provide

high quality products will be eligible for support. Moreover, innovation will be considered as a

key aspect not only for products but also for production methods and application of new

technologies. In the current context of scarcity of raw materials, the Fund will promote a better

use of little-used species, by-products and waste. Finally, the Fund will also assist the marketing

of products mainly originating from local landings and aquaculture.

Aims and scope of the measures of collective interestMeasures of common interest should encourage stakeholders to take initiatives that are of

collective benefit aimed at achieving value added over and above traditional individual

investments. They should above all contribute to meeting the objectives of the CFP.

This will cover measures that are implemented collectively in the above spirit such as

promoting partnerships between scientists and fishermen, upgrading professional skills,

promoting selectivity, combating ghost fishing, reducing by catches, improving quality and food

safety, contributing to the better management of waste treatment or setting up and restructuring

producers organisations.

Other measures will concern the protection and development of aquatic fauna and flora,

the modernisation and restructuring of fishing ports and landing sites and the improvement of

safety within fishing shelters.

Measures of collective interest will also extend to the development of new markets, a

policy of quality products, pilot projects to test innovative technologies and the modification of

fishing vessels for their reassignment to non fishing activities such as training, research and

tourism.

Responsibility for managing the EFF programsEFF programs are managed according to the principle of shared management.

Consequently both the Commission and Member State shall be responsible for managing of EFF

programs. The tasks of the Commission and the Member States are clearly divided. The Member


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States will set up the different bodies and the management and control system required to run the

EFF programs. The Commission role will be to check the proper functioning of these systems.

The audit authorities of the Commission, European Court of Auditors and Member States

are regularly controlling the efficient and quality use of EFF assistance.

The Commission regularly monitors the progress of implementation for each memberstate through implementation reports, Monitoring Committee meetings, other bilateral meetings,

evaluation findings and audit reports.

Budget and financial allocationsAccording to the new Financial framework for 2007-2013 approved by the European

Council in December 2005, the total EFF budget amounts to 3 849 million (2004 prices) of

which 2 908 million for the Convergence areas and 941 million for the non Convergence

areas.

Taking into accounting that 0.8% should be reserved to the technical assistance to be

managed by the Commission, the remaining total EFF budget allocated to MS in 2004 prices is

3 818 million ( 2 885 million for Convergence regions and 933 million for non Convergenceregions).

The EFF Regulation indicates the objective criteria on the basis of which the Commission

makes the indicative breakdowns by Member States. This breakdown will indicate separately the

amounts earmarked for the regions eligible to the Convergence objective and the amounts for the

remaining regions. In doing so, the Commission will have to fulfil the obligation of

concentration of around three quarters of financial resources in the Convergence regions.

For the allocation between Member States for Convergence regions, the methodology

used is the same for all the Structural Funds, EFF and Rural Development Fund. It is based on

the historical share of each Fund compared to the overall envelope for all Structural Funds per

Member State. Nevertheless, the flexibility has been given to the Member States to shift amounts

between Funds.For the allocation of the EFF amount between Member States of the non Convergence

budget, the Commission used the objective criteria spelled out in the EFF Regulation and

referring to the size of and employment in the fisheries sector, the scales of adjustments need to

the fishing efforts, past performance and other particular needs.

Bulgaria and Romania got full access to the EFF after they joined the EU.

EFF budget allocations for Bulgaria and Romania are 70 million and 204 million

respectively (in 2004 prices).

Bibliography:

1. European Commission, Agriculture and Rural Development,

http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/index_en.htm

2. Press office of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forests and Rural Development, 3rd

December

2006,

http://www.fermierul.ro/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=826

3. Official Journal of the European Union, COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1698/2005

of 20 September 2005 on support for rural development by the European Agricultural Fund for

Rural Development (EAFRD);
http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/index_en.htmhttp://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/index_en.htmhttp://www.fermierul.ro/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=826http://www.fermierul.ro/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=826http://www.fermierul.ro/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=826http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rurdev/index_en.htm

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Course 13 - MPE - 2012-2013_Decrypted