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A copy of the Council on Foreign Relations membership rosters published from 1922-1936
Citation preview
PURPOSE
T HE Council on Foreign Relations aims to provide a continuous conference on the international as
pects of America's political, economic and financial problems. Its membership, made up of men of many prqfessions, is limited in number, as a large body would be unwieldly and freedom in discussion would be lost~
At the Council's round-table meetings and din: ners foreign guests are entertained, and the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward the problems they raise is discussed. The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party. It simply is a group of men concerned in spreading a knowledge of international relations and, in particular, in developing a reasoned American foreign policy.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes occasional bulletins and has recently founded a quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Dr. Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University. FoREIGN AFFAIRS, a non-partisan medium for the discussion of international problems, has been warmly welcomed both here and abroad. The Council feels that it is performing an important public service in making possible the publication of an authoritative review of this nature.
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary Chairman
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN- F. GAY
Secretary and Treasurer
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN OTTO H. KAHN
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANK L. POLK
NoRMAN H. Davis WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
JOHN H. FINLEY
DAVID F. HousTON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
PAUL M. WARBURG
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG
General Manager
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Honorary Sreember.r
TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
Sreember.r
ALFRED L. AIKEN
JAMES s. ALEX.ANDER
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
w. w. ATTERBURY
JuLES S. BACHE
- ROBERT L. BACON
GEORGE BARR BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
JULIUS H. BARNES
RoBERT I. BARR
AMOS L. BEATY
JOHN G. BERQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
BRUCE BLIVEN
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
··-WILLIAM P. BoNBRIGHT
_ ALFRED C. BossoM
IsAIAH BowMAN
CHARLES H. BRENT
ALBERT BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
_.,,. l
I
ELMER E. BROWN JoHN FosTER DuLLES
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN ARTHUR DUNN
ARTHUR BULLARD T. COLEMAN DU PONT
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
OTTO M. EIDLITZ }AMES BYRNE ' I KARL EILERS
ROBERT J. CALDWELL ( ABRAM I. ELKUS
WILLIAM F. CAREY WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY FLETCHER JosEPH T. CHAMBERLAIN
..;.. ALLEN B. FORBES LEWIS L. CLARKE
CHARLES A. COFFIN RAYMOND B. FosmcK
ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDERICK JOSEPH P. COTTON
I WALTER E. FREW FREDERIC R. CouDERT ( Louis D. FROELICK PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS I
JoHN A. GADE
HARRY A. GARFIELD JoHN W. DAv1s l JoHN W. GARRETT MALCOLM w. DAVIS
GEORGE A. GASTON NORMAN H. DAVIS
1 EDWIN F. GAY
F. TRUBEE DAVISON HUGH GIBSON
CLIVE DAY RoBERT GoELET
HENRY w. DE FOREST r SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN Ii
-- WILLIAM c. GRACE ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
i CLARENCE DILLON
- PRENTISS N. GRAY FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
JEROME D. GREENE RussELL DouBLEDAY
ALEXANDER GROSSET STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
SIDNEY L. GULICK
··~,,._._ '"• ----
_,. ----- ~· ·· 1 J. w. H. HAMILTON FRED L KENT I
I
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND WILLIAM s. KIES
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND WILLARD v. KING
FRANCIS R. HART ALVIN w. KRECH
CHARLES H. HASKINS
CHARLES D. HAZEN
L THOMAS w. LAMONT
SAMUEL HEILNER KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
EDWIN M. HERR A. B. LEACH 111:
WALKER D. HINES HENRY GODDARD LEACH
HAMILTON HoLT Jvy L. LEE
EDWARD M. HOUSE R. c. LEFFINGWELL
DAVID F. HOUSTON HERBERT H. LEHMAN
HERBERT .S. HOUSTON SAMUEL A. LEWISOHN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
DAVIDE. HUDSON w ALTER LIPPMANN
MANLEY 0. HUDSON ROBERT H. LORD
EDWARD N. HURLEY
HENRY L. IcKELHEIMER JOHN R. MACARTHUR
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST WILL H. IRWIN
Louis C. MARBURG
ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES GREGORY MASON
r JoHN H. McCLEMENT }AMES N. }ARVIE
ALBA B. JOHNSON l VANCE C. McCORMICK
}AMES G. McDONALD Dou GLAS W. JOHNSON
- JOSEPH E. JONES - GATES McGARRAH
}AMES H. McGRAW
OTTO H. KAHN CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
ARCHIBALD c. KAINS JoHN McHuaH
ROYAL R. KEELY SAMUEL McRoBERTS
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG - s. STANWOOD MENKEN
_,,.~
HERMAN A. METZ
.- J. MEYER, JR.
SIDNEY E. MEZES
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
EDWARD C. MooRE
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
ROLAND s. MORRIS
GEORGE MURNANE
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
·--· CHARLES D. NORTON
w. w. NORTON
HENRY R. NOYES
HOWARD T. OLIVER
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuDIN
WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
GEORGE F. PEABODY
- ANDREW c. PEARSON
--JAMES H. PERKINS
-- LEWIS E. PIERSON
FRANK L. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
JoHN T. PRATT
RoGER W. Rns
w ALLACE B. ROGERS
ARTHUR RosENTHAL
- LEOS. RowE
LINDSAY RUSSELL
- CHARLES H. SABIN
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
HENRY R. SEAGER
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
CoRDENIO A. SEVERANCE
CHARLES SEYMOUR
ALBERT SHAW
--LA WREN CE H. SHEARMAN
WHITNEY H. SHEP ARD SON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
w ALLACE D. SIMMONS
FRANCIS H. SISSON
CLARENCE c. STETSON
OscAR S. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR SWEETSER
HENRY w. TAFT
---""ARCHIBALD w. TAYLOR I'
CARL TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
~
.._.,_ __ ~_
- WILLIAM B. THOMPSON
RoY ToMLINSON
Guy E. TRIPP
FELIX WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD.
ALLEN WARDWELL
JoHN I. WATERBURY
VANDERBILT WEBB
JAMES G. WHITE
RussELL R. WHITMAN
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
ALBERT H •. WIGGIN
WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
ALLYN A. y OUNG
C. G. YouNG
OWEN D. YOUNG
J
BY-LAWS
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The membership shall be divided into resjdent; non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their re~idences or places of business within on~.,ftttndrecf miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside or have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men~.;
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
Members of ·either class of the unincorp<?rated association from which this body was incorporated shall continue as corresponding members of the corporation, subject to the provisions of law and of
/ Dues /
these by-laws. II
There shall be no entrance dues. Reside~members shall pay @we MitUfrtP@'ft 11""H..-afft~ per annum,.e. · non-resident members, Fifty Dollars ($50) pey../annum; and academic members Ten Dollars
-------··· : ····-···.,··-rJio) per annu~J All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annuall/ in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the pay-
/
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ment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
Officers
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
There shall be an Executive Committee of six members beside the President, who shall be exoffi.cio a member, which Committee shall have and m;iy exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors, unless the Board is in session. Three members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
v
The Executi~e Committee shall annually elect a Chairman from among its members, whose duty it shall be to preside at the meetings of the Committee, and who shall also have power to call meetings of the Committee on such notice as from time to time shall be approved by it.
The Executive Committee shall have power to fill vacancies occurring in its number during the current year.
VI
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and sha~l have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such other duties as from time to time
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shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corporation, shall keep all its records, and shall' act as secretary of the meetings of the Board and the Executive Committees, and at such committee meetings as may be directed by the President from time to time.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Manager who shall receive compensation as may be fixed from time to time and who shall discharge such duties as from time to time shall· be assigned him by the Board or the Executive Committee.
VIII
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited with a trust company in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or the Executive Committee, and disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the President or one or more VicePresidents, or the Treasurer and the General Manager, or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held on the first Monday of June in each year.
x
These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting .
.........
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc. CU) .,,
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS €5 MEMBERS
January First, r924
'25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
J\(ew York
~ '
t ' '
i
COUNCIL ON
.FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc. ~-
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LI_ST OF OFFICERS CS MEMBERS
January First, z924
25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
:J..(ew York
---<~"'1. ..
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PURPOSE
T HE Council on Foreign Relations aims to provide a continuous conference on the international as
pects of America's political, economic and financial problems. I ts membership, made up ·of men of many professions, is limited in number, as a large body would be unwieldly and freedom in discussion would be lost.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners distinguished American and foreign guests are entertained, and the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward the problems they raise is discussed. The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party. It simply is a group of men interested in spreading a knowledge of international relations and, in particular, in developing a reasoned American foreign policy •
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative American review dealing with international relations.
I
I
I I I
11
11
I
~ Honorary c%emhers
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
c%emhers GEORGE BURTON ADAMS
,.,- ALFRED L. AIKEN
,'\(/JAMES s. ALEXANDER
./ FREDERICK H. ALLEN
HENRY T. ALLEN
v FRANK ALTSCHUL
CHARLES B. AMES
•'HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
. w. w. ATTERBURY
· GoRDON AucHINcLoss
CHELLIS A. AusTIN
.- JULES s. BACHE
~/GEORGE BARR BAKER
·- RAY STANNARD BAKER
'"/JULIUS H. BARNES
~-· ROBERT I. BARR
·- AMOS L. BEATY
.. JoHN G. BERGQUIST
PEMBERTON BERMAN
.- SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
1/BRUCE BLIVEN .
_.- riEORGE BLUMENTHAL
...-·· lsAIAH BowMAN
ROLAND w. BOYDEN
~ ~
..... 'CHARLES H. BRENT
~/ALBERT BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
• ELMER E. BROWN
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
ARTHUR BULLARD
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
}AMES BYRNE
Ro BERT J. CALDWELL
CASS CANFIELD
- NEWCOMB CARL TON
"··· THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. ·CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
" LEWIS L. CLARKE
,/CHARLES A. COFFIN
WALTER P. COOKE
"" ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
,/JOSEPH P. COTTON
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
• F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
JoHN W. DAv1s
\. MALCOLM w. DAVIS
NORMAN H. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
GEORGE w. DAVISON
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/ CLIVE DAY
j./ HENRY w. DE FOREST
ROBERT w. DE FOREST:
,, ALFRED L. p. DENNIS
;/ CLARENCE DILLON
.,'FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
\''RUSSELL DOUBLEDAY
WALTER DOUGLAS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
v JoHN FosTER DuLLES
'. ARTHUR DUNN
v/T. COLEMAN DU PONT
OTTO M. EIDLITZ
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
SAMUEL A. EVERITT I
THOMAS EWING
_./WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
EDw ARD A. FI LENE
v JOHN H. FINLEY
HENRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
ANDREW FLETCHER ' '
I 'HENRY FLETCHER
\,·RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
•'P.A. s. FRANKLIN
... LEOPOLD FREDRICK
\ WALTER E. FREW
• Louis D. FROELICK
JoHN A. GADE
J
~,
·-' HARRY A. GARFIELD
/JOHN w. GARRETT.
GEORGE A. GASTON
- EDWIN F. GAY
JAMES w. GERARD
, HuGH GIBSON
. s. PARKER GILBERT
\ RoBERT GoELET
SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN
. vjEROME D. GREENE
•'ALEXANDER GROSSET
:.."SIDNEY L. GULICK
,, J. w. H. H:AMILTON
' JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
' JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
WILLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN
' FRANCIS R. HART
...... CHARLES H. HASKINS
• CHARLES D. HAZEN
• SAMUEL HEILNER
How ARD HEINZ
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
• EDWIN M. HERR
JOHN GRIER HIBBEN
... 'WALKER D. HINES
• HAMILTON HoLT
\ EDWARD M. HousE
I DAVID F. HOUSTON
- HERBERT s. HOUSTON
' CHARLES P. HOWLAND
J
j
" .. DAVIDE. HuDSON
~- MANLEY 0. HUDSON
•. EDWARD N. HURLEY
EDMUND N. HUYCK
_, HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
•. WILL IRWIN
'-. ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
HENRY JAMES
WALTER B. ]AMES
"/ JAMES N. }ARVIE
~--ALBA B. JOHNSON
• DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
I.· OTTO H. KAHN
·1-·· ROYAL R. KEELY
NICHOLAS KELLEY
I
,_ FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
:v: FRED I. KENT
v' WILLIAM S. KIES
.. WILLARD v. KING
i ALVIN w. KRECH
/THOMAS w. LAMONT
v KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
/A. B. LEACH
.·HENRY GODDARD LEACH
>"}vy L. LEE
'/ R. c. LEFFINGWELL
:/.HERBERT H. LEHMAN
MAURICE LEON
FRANK LEWISOHN
~ SAM A. LEWISOHN
"'
....
~ --.,...,,
· SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
• WALTER LIPPMANN
~ : RoBERT GR.IER MoNROE ~,,._
FREDERICK J. LISMAN v/ Ro BERTH. MONTGOMERY
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH ~ ""· EDWARD C. Moo RE
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD ADELBERT MooT
• ROBERT H. LORD "' HENRY MoRGENTHAU
i'J OHN R. MACARTHUR ' ,, ROLAND s. MORRIS
HENRY NoBLE MAcCRACKEN DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND ,/GEORGE MURNANE
vSEvERo MALLET-P:REvosT : ,... v:'WILLIAM A. NEILSON
·/Louis C. MARBURG 1.r/l-IENRY R. NOYES
.,//GREGORY MASON . - ,/·How ARD T. OLIVER
GEORGE 0. MAY I, ' 'FREDERICK OSBORN
JOHN H. McCLEMENT ,/·WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
.· VANCE C. McCORMICK ~·/MAURICE A. OuDIN
·/ JAMES G. McDONALD EDWIN B. PARKER
•'JAMES H. McGRA w .. HERBERT PARSONS
.,/ CoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE ..-'\iVILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
v'JoHN McHuGH ....... RICHARD c. PATTERSbN, JR.
v'~SAMUEL McRoBERTS /'FREDERICK H. p A YNE
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH '"" GEQRGE FosTER PEABODY
v HERMAN A. METZ GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
"' • SIDNEY E. MEZES ,/·FRANK L. PoLK
• · · JoHN G. MILBURN JAMES H. PosT
'DAVID HUNTER MILLER HAROLD I. PRATT
THOMAS w. MILLER ·/ JoHN T. PRATT ..
HENRY E. MILLS M1cHAEL I. PuPIN
OGDEN L. MILLS WILLIAM L. RANSOM
w. H. MINER t . ALBERT RATHBONE \
. CHARLES E. MITCHELL I ROLAND L. REDMOND
·r
~~
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
...,../ROGER W. Rns
v' WALLACE B. ROGERS
NICHOLAS RoosEVE;LT
v'ARTHUR J. RosEN1:HAL
'/LINDSAY RussE~ "'
~/MELVIN E. SAWI!'f
~'MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
' JAMES BROWN SCOTT
\ HENRY R. SEAGER
,/ E. R. A. SELIGMAN
LORENZO SEMPLE
./ CORDENIO A. SEVERANCE
~·"CHARLES SEYMOUR
\' ALBERT SHA w v WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
., WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
}AMES T. SHOTWELL
WALLACE D. SIMMONS
FRANCIS H. SISSON
'/ CLARENCE c. STETSON
EDWARD R. STETTINIUS
HENRY L. STIMSON
JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
OscAR S. STRA us
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR SWEETSER
GERARD SWOPE
*'' HENRY w. TAFT 7
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
/CARL TAYLOR
/ERASTUS T. TEFFT
/ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
1r Roy E. TOMLINSON
RONALD TREE
" Guy E. TRIPP
. MARTIN VOGEL
FELIX-M. WARBURG
• PAUL M. WARBURG
' . HARRY E. w ARD
' ALLEN WARDWELL
,, JOHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. w ATSON
v VANDERBILT WEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
HENRY WHITE
\( JAMES G. WHITE
~· RUSSELL R. WHITMAN
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
'/ ALBERT H. WIGGIN,
Louis \VIL~Y "'''.~ v WILLIAM H. WILLIAMS
'; WILLIAM H. WooDIN
ALLYN A. y OU:NG
l c. G. YOUNG
OWEN D. YouNo
.,,,,.
...
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BY-LAWS I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall. . .
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
Members of either class of the unincorporated association from which this body was incorporated shall continue as corresponding members of the corporation, subject to the provisions of law and of these by-laws.
II
Dues There shall be no entrance dues. Resident mem
bers shall pay $1ooperannum,exceptthatthosethirtyfive years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10
per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or
semi-annually in equal instalments at the optionof the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
Officers The Officers of the corporation shall be a Presi
dent, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
There shall be an Executive Committee of six members beside the President, who shall be exofficio a member, which Committee shall have and may exercise all the powers of the Board of Directors, unless the Board is in session. Three members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum.
v The Executive Committee shall annually elect a
Chairman from among its members, whose duty it shall be to preside at the meetings of the Committee, and who shall also have power to call meetings of the Committee on such notice as from time to time shall be approved by it.
The Executive Committee shall have power to fill vacancies occurring in its number during the current year.
VI The President shall preside at all meetings of the
Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of senioti ty shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such other duties as from time to time
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shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee. -The· Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of
the corporation, shall keep all its records, and shall act as secretary of the meetings of the Board and the Executive Committees, and at such committee meetings as may be directed by the President from time to time. .
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Manager who shall receive compensation as may be fixed from time to time and who shall discharge such duties as from time to time shall be assigned him l>y the Board or the Executive Committee.
Vlll
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited with a trust company in the Borough of Manhattan, City .of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or the Executive Committee, and disbursements shall be made only upon checks or ,vouchers approved by the President or one or more VicePresidents, or the Treasurer and the General Manager, or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held on the first Monday of June in each year.
x These by"'."laws may be amended at any meeting of
the Board of Directors, provided notice' of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting. ·
I
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-......
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
~
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS fiJ MEMBERS
January First, I925
25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
]\{cw York
,,.,,,.~.
~~~·
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
/7ice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary and Treasurer
HAMILTON FISH 'ARMSTRONG
General Manager
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN OTTO H. KAHN
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANK L. POLK
NoRMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN p. DUGGAN
JoHN H. FINLEY
DAVID F. HousTON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
PAUL M. WARBURG
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM.
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Honorary Members
TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
. Members
-- v'''GEORGE, BURTON ADAMS
\,/]AMES s. ALEXANDER
'\/"FREDERICK H. ALLEN
.,./HENRY T. ALLEN
,/'FRANK ALTSCHUL
- ,,/CHARLES B. AMES
ERNEST ANGELL .. /JIAMILTON F1sH ARMSTRONG
. GEORGE P. AULD
.. ,,,/ CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
v JULES s. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
·- /'' GEORGE BARR BAKER
v· RAY STANNARD BAKER
- v'. JULIUS H. BARNES
. ROBERT I. BARR
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
,,.../'AMOS L. BEATY
LAWRENCE BENNETT
.,,, JoHN G. BERGQUIST
.,/' PEMBERTON BERMAN
/ SAMUEL R. BERTRON
•. /GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE ·'
_.........---v' BRUCE BLIVEN
/' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
v ISAIAH BOWMAN
/ ROLAND w. BOYDEN
v' CHARLES H. BRENT
__.,. ,/ ALBERT BRETON
NORMAN BRIDGE
v' ELMER E. BROWN
,/ PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
.. / ARTHUR BULLARD
.,/ CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
...- WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
,./JAMES BYRNE
,./''CASS CANFIELD
,_/NEWCOMB CARLTON
v' THOMAS L: CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
/ JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
v'/ LEWIS L. CLARKE
,/ CHARLES A. COFFIN
,,/ WALTER P. CooKE
v' ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
"··· JosEPH P. CoTTON
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
~/ CHARLES R. CRANE
" PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS 1••• FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
... JoHN W. DAVIS
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v MALCOLM w. DAVIS
..,,.,. NORMAN H. DAVIS
~,,. .. F. TRUBEE DAVISON
t-''' GEORGE w. DAVISON
v•'· CLIVE DAY
.,.,. HENRY w. DE FOREST
-.,/ ROBERT w. DE FOREST
"'/ ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
.-··. CLARENCE DILLON
.,/
1
FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
""WALTER DOUGLAS
v/ STEPHEN P, DUGGAN
~"'JOHN FOSTER DULLES
/ARTHUR DUNN
\/T. CoLEMAN DU PoNT
lVIARTIN EGAN
.,/ OTTO M. EID LITZ
/KARL EILERS
~- ABRAM I. ELKUS
\,/''THOMAS EWING
v' WILLIAM H, P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
v·· EDWARD A. FILENE
~/JOHN H. FINLEY
/HENRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
vANDREW FLETCHER
.~HENRY FLETCHER
,/ RAYMOND B. FosmcK
,_ AusTEN G. Fox ,
,/P.A. s. FRANKLIN
_.......,.- -
.... /LEOPOLD FREDRICK
/'WALTER E. FREW
~'" Louis D. FROELICK
vHARRY A. GARFIELD
,/JOHN w. GARRETT
/,GEORGE A. GASTON
~DWIN F. GAY
/}AMES w. GERARD
v""HuGH GrnsoN
/s. PARKER G1LBERT
E. STANLEY GLINES
VRoBERT GoELET
\./SAMUEL P. GOLDMAN
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
EUGENE G. GRACE
"/JEROME D. GREENE
RoGER S. GREENE
,,,,.ALEXANDER GROSSET
v.- SIDNEY L. Gu LICK
./ J. w. H. HAMILTON
.,_/JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
~//JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
v"W1LLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN
,/FRANCIS R. HART
\r'' CHARLES H, HASKINS "'~, ..
" CHARLES D. HAZEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
v·''SAMUEL HEILNER ·
,/How ARD HEINZ
!,,
l ,
\
J \ J
"'"ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
/'EDWIN M. HERR
/'JOHN GRIER HIBBEN
ROBERT c. HILL.
,....WALKER D. HINES
vflAMILTON HoLT.
..,.-EDWARD M. HousE
..-/DAVID F. HousToN
.,,,...-HERBERT S. HousToN
..... ·CHARLES P. HowLAND
•'"/DAVID E. HUDSON
;,•/MANLEY 0. HUDSON
/EDWARD N. HURLEY
.,.-/'EDMUND N. HUYCK
/HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
. ./''WILL IRWIN
v'1\.RTHUR CURTISS JAMES
./'HENRY JAMES
y'WALTER B. JAMES
/}AMES N. JARVIE
'LAWRENCE M. JAY
JEREMIAH W. JENKS
v/ ALBA B. JOHNSON
,,/'bouGLAS w. JOHNSON ·"'
.-·'OTTO H. KAHN
/ROYAL R. KEELY
y'',:N°ICHOLAS KELLEY
,,,..-· FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
i/·' FRED I. KENT
.,>"'WILLIAMS. Krns
~,
vW1LLARD v. KING
OswALD W. KNAUTH
v"ALVIN w. KRECH
v-THOMASW.LAMONT
- VJ(ENNETH s. LATOURETTE
~/A. B. LEACH
•. /HENRY GODDARD LEACH
/Jvy L. LEE
.,,,,,.,.~ R. c. LEFFINGWELL
\,,.,.. HERBERT H. LEHMAN
c. K. LEITH
..---'FRANK LEWISOHN
... /SAM A. LEWISOHN
v-SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
""WALTER LIPPMANN
,./FREDERICK J. LISMAN
.~·WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
.... ·-w1LLIAM A. LocKwooD
·····Ro BERT H. LoRD
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
v-'CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
V. EvERIT MACY
CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
vSEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
vLouis C. MARBURG
GEORGE w. MARTIN
vGREGORY MASON
JULIAN MASON
./GEORGE 0. MA y
WILLIAM McCLELLAN
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,, '
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v~J OHN H. McCLEMENT
..,.,.y ANCE C. McCORMICK
v'JAMES G. McDONALD
,.,.··JAMES H. McGRA w
/CoNsTANTINE E. McGUIRE
""'SAMUEL McRoBERTS
;/VAN s. MERLE-SMITH
·"'HERMAN A. METZ
··""SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
vJoHN G. MILBURN
v,.!>AVID HUNTER MILLER
THOMAS w. MILLER
v''' .... HENRY E. Mn:.Ls
v".0GDEN L. MILLS
,,.:w. H. MINER
./'CHARLES E. MITCHELL
wrWESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
,/ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
PARKER T. MooN
,.,/EDw ARD C. Moo RE
·;.-ADELBERT MooT
.. -'f:IENRY MoRGENTHAU
..riloLAND S. MoRRis
v1'.SwIGHT W. MoRROW
C. M. MucHNIC
v ERNON MUNROE
,/"GEORGE MURNANE
DENYS P. MYERS
d
~
,,r"'WILLIAM A. NEILSON /MELVIN E. SA WIN '
-. /HENRY R. NoYES i
./"MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
..,..~FREDERICK OSBORN I
F. SCHNEIDER, JR. i i
.. -WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN i
i v-"1 AMES BROWN SCOTT I
v'MAURICE A. OumN ... "/HENRY R. SEAGER
/EDWIN B. PARKER ' I v·•'E, R. A. SELIGMAN ;
GEOFFREY PARSONS 1· ·- .. /LORENZO' SEMPLE
..,/'HERBERT PARSONS. I - "'/CORDENIO A. SEVER_ANCE I ""'" .,.,....,-WILLIAM BARCLAY p ARSONS i \·""'CHARLES SEYMOUR
i" .,,..FREDERICK H. p A YNE /ALBERT SHAW
v'"GEORGE FosTER PEABODY .
/ WHITNEY FJ. SHEPARDSON
,/GEORGE A. PLIMPTON ,,,/"WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
,....,. ... FRANK L. POLK. ,,,/ALBERT SHIELS
·""'}AMES H. PosT W~LLIAM H. SHORT
JOHN A. POYNTON i,.-"'JAMES T. SHOTWELL
/}IAROLD I. PRATT \'/FRANCIS H. SISSON
vJoHN T. PRATT I LLOYD w. SMITH
y,.,,M1cHAEL I. PuPIN HAROLD STANLEY
..,•'"W1LLIAM L. RANSOM ..... V"" EDWARD R. STETTINIUS
/ALBERT RATHBONE ,,,,,,- HENRY L. STIMSON
HENRY RAWLE ~ .. ~··JESSE IsIDOR STRAUS I I
i/ Ro LAND L. REDMOND I ~--"'OSCAR s. STRAUS I /SAMUEL w. REYBURN ~ •. /·ALBERT STRAUSS
--· ./ RoGER W. Rns f
..-FREDERICK STRAUSS
T. L. ROBINSON I ........ SIMEON STRUNSKY
/WALLACE B. ROGERS l ,,""ARTHUR SWEETSER
,/N1cHOLAS RoosEVELT ~ v'GERARD SWOPE
/ARTHUR J. RosENTHAL ...... HENRY w. TAFT
GEORGE RuBLEE -··-'MYRON c. TAYLOR
/.LINDSAY RussELL ...--A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
.....
_...,--.}
;/ CARL TAYLOR
,/ERASTUS T. TEFFT
,,. ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
vfiARRY B. THAYER
J. A. THOMAS
• '° RoY E. TOMLINSON I'
WALTERS. TowER
,,/ RoNALD TREE
• /Guy E. TRIPP
• MARTIN VOGEL
EDMUND A. w ALSH
,.·FELIX M. WARBURG
• PAUL M. WARBUR:G
• HARRY E. WARD
' ALLEN WARDWELL
.. #jOHN I. WATERBURY
. ·THOMAS J. WATSON
" VANDERBILT \iVEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
' HENRY WHITE
JAMES G. WHITE
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE ,/
,/GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
,,,.. .• ··ALBERT H. WIGGIN
· · Louis WILEY
...... WILLIAM H. WooDIN
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
v/ALLYN A. YouNG
· C. G. YouNG
" OWEN D. YouNG
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ABSTRACT FROM BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor· have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall .
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay f,50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
VI
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such
__ ,61
_....-other duties as from titiie to time shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee. - The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corpora
tion, shall keep all its records, and shall act as secretary of the meetings of the Board and the Executive Committees, and at such committee meetings as may be directed by the President from time to time.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corpora:tion.
VII
The Board shall annually choose a General Manager who shall receive compensation as may be fixed from time to time and who shall discharge such duties as from time to time shall be assigned him by the Board or the Executive Committee. The Board shall appoint an Acting General Manager (without salary) to serve as such in the absence of the General Manager.
VIII
The funds of the corporation shall be deposited with a trust company in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or the Executive Committee, and disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the President or one or more Vice-Presidents, or the Treasurer and the General Manager, or the Treasurer and the Acting General Manager (in the absence of the General Manager), or the Chairman of the Executive Committee.
IX
The annual meeting shall be held not later than December fifteenth.
x These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting.
r-J
COUNCIL ON \\
FOREIGN RELATIONS, lNc.
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS fS MEMBERS
Jantlllry Fir11, z9:16
25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
:JX!,w Torie
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PURPOSE
:S-;( r;z.1 C"
T HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a
continuous conference on the international aspects of America's political, economic and financial problems. Its membership, made up of men of many professions, is limited in number in order that freedom in discussion may be maintained.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners distinguished American and foreign guests are entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward current international problems. The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party. It simply is a group of men, many of whom have had wide experience in international affairs, who wish by scientific and impartial study to aid in the development of a reasoned American foreign policy.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative American review dealing with international relations.
. . . .. . . . . ..
lllt Cal'ltl'fe lllllllli'
1or Int ,,_,.
MAR 2 2 1934
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.OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary and Treasurer
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
MALCOLM w. DAVIS I
Executive Directors
"'
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN OTTO H. KAHN
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANK L. POLK
NORMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
JoHN H. FINLEY PAUL M. WARBURG
DAVID F. HousTON GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
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A.Mos L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
";l PERRY BELMONT
Honorary c%em/Jer.r LAWRENCE BENNETT
TASKER H. BLISS JOHN G. BERGQUIST
ELIHU RooT t PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
c%em/Jer.r ' GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
ERNEST H. ABBOTT J BRUCE BLIVEN
JOHN ]AY ABBOTT GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
JULIUS 0. ADLER WILLIS H. BOOTH
JoHN G. AGAR I
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
}AMES S. ALEXANDER
I HENRY s. BOWERS
FREDERICK H. ALLEN ISAIAH BOWMAN I HENRY T. ALLEN
I RoLAND W. BOYDEN I t
'i;i FRANK ALTSCHUL CHARLES H. BRENT !
~ ERNEST ANGELL KENT BROMLEY l ~ JAMES W. ANGELL ELMER E. BROWN
l ,, '·· r HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG I PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN ~
CECIL s. ASHDOWN ARTHUR BULLARD :""~ )
GEORGE P. AULD I
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM ' CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
l WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
JULES S, BACHE JAMES BYRNE
EARLE BAILIE HENRY D. CAMPBELL
I H. FosTER BAIN CASS CANFIELD
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR. NEWCOMB CARLTON
RAY STANNARD BAKER THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
ROBERT I. BARR .
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
CHARLES c. BAUER L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
I~ i :\
~ ,,t..
RoBERT GoELET MANLEY 0. HUDSON
F. ABBOT GOODHUE EDWARD N. HURLEY
FRANK J. GOODNOW EDMUND N. HUYCK
EUGENE G. GRACE CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
JEROME D. GREENE HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
ROGER s. GREENE
i WILL lRwIN
;,'..J ALEXANDER GROSSET ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
SIDNEY L. GULICK HENRY JAMES
]. w. H. HAMILTON WALTER B. }AMES
]OHN HAYS HAMMOND }AMES N. }ARVIE
]oHN HENRY HAMMOND LAWRENCE M. JAY
LEARNED HAND }EREMIAH W. }ENKS
WILLIAM AVERELL HARRIMAN ALBA B. JOHNSON
FRANCIS R. HART DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
CHARLES H. HASKINS OTToH. KAHN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES NICHOLAS KELLEY
·~ CHARLES D. HAZEN FREDERIC R. KELLOGG ii
SAMUEL HEILNER FRED I. KENT I
I HOWARD HEINZ FREDERICK P. KEPPEL I ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON WILLIAM s. KIES ~ .
EDWIN M. HERR WILLARD V. KING
JoHN GRIER HIBBEN l OSWALD w. KNAUTH
ROBERT c. HILL ALVIN w. KRECH
WALKER D. HINES THOMAS w. LAMONT
' HAMILTON HoLT JOHN S. LA WREN CE
EDWARD M. HousE ARTHUR B. LEACH
i DAVID F. HOUSTON HENRY GODDARD LEACH t,*}
HERBERT s. HOUSTON lvY L. LEE r
CHARLES P. HOWLAND RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL I
i ,, E
DAVIDE. HUDSON ARTHUR LEHMAN I
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.,._,,;~;;_:,,;,;<~:Z?6~- .~ _,:~: ,·-~.:::;:,:i::i:-~ '~-- ~
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HERBERT H. LEHMAN
CHARLES K. LEITH
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
WALTER LIPPMANN
Fa.EDE RICK J. USMAN
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT H. LORD
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
CLARENCE H. MACKAY
V. EvERIT MACY
CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
Louis C. MARBURG
GREGORY MASON
JULIAN MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
WILLIAM McCLELLAN
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
JAMES G. McDONALD
]AMES H. McGRAW
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN c. MERRIAM
JOHN L. MERRILL
i-~
HERMAN A. METZ
SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
THOMAS W. MILLER
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
w. H. MINER
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
PARKER T. MooN
EDw ARD C. Moo RE
ADELBERT MooT
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES M. MucHNIC
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
FREDERIC A. OGG
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuoIN
EDWIN B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
FREDERICK H. PAYNE HENRY R. SEAGER
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY E. R. A. SELIGMAN
JAMES H. PERKINS EusTACE SELIGMAN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON CHARLES SEYMOUR
WILLIAM B. POLAND ALBERT SHAW
FRANK L. POLK •
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
JAMES H. PosT WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
WILFRED M. PosT ALBERT SHIELS
WILSON M. POWELL WILLIAM H. SHORT
JOHN A. POYNTON JAMES T. SHOTWELL
HAROLD I. PRATT FRANCIS H. SISSON
JOHN T. PRATT LLOYD w. SMITH
HENRY s. PRICHETT JOSIAH E. SPURR
MICHAEL I. PuPIN HAROLD STANLEY
WILLIAM L. RANSOM ALBERT w. STAUB
ALBERT RATHBONE HENRY L. STIMSON
HENRY RAWLE CHARLES A. STONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
SAMUEL w. REYBURN OSCAR s. STRAUS
OWEN F. ROBERTS ALBERT STRAUSS
THOMAS L. ROBINSON FREDERICK STRAUSS
w ALLACE B. ROGERS SIMEON STRUNSKY t"
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT ARTHUR SWEETSER ~· f'
ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL i GERARD SWOPE ~
' GEORGE RUBLEE HERBERT BA y ARD SWOPE
LINDSAY RUSSELL HENRY w. TAFT
MELVIN E. SAWIN A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
MoRTIMER L. ScHIFI' CARL TAYLOR
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR. MYRON c. TAYLOR
JAMES BROWN ScoTT ERASTUS T. TEFFT
~
~~ .. ~
ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
Roy E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
Guy E. TRIPP
MARTIN VOGEL
GEORGE H. w ALKER
EDMUND A. w ALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
JoHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
CURTIS WHEELER
HENRY WHITE
JAMES G. WHITE
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNG
C. GRIFFITH YOUNG
OWEN D. y OUNG
BY-LAWS
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough· of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually--or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such
',i•"!i...-
~
other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corporation, and shall keep its records.
v
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VJ
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, and (or) shall be invested by an investment committee of three, appointed by the President from among the Directors. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and one or the other of the Executive Directors, or in the case of the funds of FOREIGN AFFAillS by the Treasurer and the Managing Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Managing Editor, the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authoricy to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer ii 10 authorized.
VII
The annual meeting shall b.e held after the completion of the fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth.
VIII
These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting.
"""
·-- - --- ---~---.-c•..!,_.L,~.-- --~-"--•• ---~#-----·-
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS E5 MEMBERS
January First, r927
25 WEST FORTY-THIRD STREET
::AC!,w Tork
,......__
(
/
•I i' 11 \i 1\ \1 ~
l 1
j ii '
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~ '
' :' '
;~
I.
PURPOSE •
THE Council on Foreign Relations provides a continuous conference on , the international as
pects of America's political, economic and financial problems. Its membership, made up of men of many professions, is limited in number in order that freedom in discussion may be maintained.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners distinguished American and foreign guests are entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward current international problems. The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party. It simply is a group of men, many of whom have had . wide experience in international affairs, who wish by scientific and impartial study to aid in the, development of a reasoned American foreign policy.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly review, FoREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative American review dealing with inter-
national relations.
Y.' ·~ ,\
~t ,f ~ !
,, !,I!~
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary and Treasurer
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
Executive Directors
DIRECTORS
ISAIAH BOWMAN OTTO H. KAHN
ARCHIBALD c. COOLIDGE FRANKL. POLK
NORMAN H. DAVIS WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
JOHN H. FINLEY PAUL M. WARBURG
DAVID F. HousTON GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
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Honorary Jreember.r TASKER H. Buss
ELIHU RooT
Resident Jreember.r ./ERNEST H. ABBOTT
,_,/] ULIUS 0. ADLER
/') OHN G. AGAR
WI~THROP w. ALDRICH
/'JAMES S. ALEXANDER
v"FREDERICK H. ALLEN
.,./FRANK ALTSCHUL
L/ERNEST ANGELL
./')A~ES W. ANGELL ,/
,/HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
,/'CECIL s. ASHDOWN
!<"GEORGE P. AULD
~,· CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
\,/·'} ULES s. BACHE
,./ EARLE BAILIE
"' ' H. FOSTER BAIN
v'.GEORGE F. BAKER, JR.
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN '
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE ,/
,.,,, ROBERT I. BARR
~/CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
•',..,CHARLES c. BAUER
;/AMOS L. BEATY
-.!
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1":~{:~ ~;.
·~·
, · NEAL Dow BECKER
v . LA WREN CE BENNETT
' JOHN G. BERGQUIST
,, PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
v WILLIS H. BOOTH
HENRY s. BOWERS
' . ISAIAH BOWMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
/ KENT BROMLEY
, . ELMER E. BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
v CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
v JAMES BYRNE
.• HENRY D. CAMPBELL
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
\ NEWCOMB CARLTON
EDWARD c. CARTER
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
' WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
. ·· JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
. L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
\,/ CHARLES w. COLBY
· JosEPH P. COTTON
' FREDERIC R. CouDERT
' CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN W. M. CuTcHEON
l l
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/JOHN w. DAVIS
v·' MALCOLM W. DAVIS
I/ NORMAN H. DAVIS
lF. TRUBEE DAVISON
• GEORGE W. DAVISON /
/ /HENRY w. DE FOREST
./ ROBERT w. DE FOREST
v-'CLARENCE DILLON
,,/'FRANK N. DOUBLEDAY
,,//WALTER DOUGLAS
./STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
.,,/ JOHN FOSTER DULLES
/ ARTHUR DUNN
,/ EDWARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
.,/MARTIN EGAN
~·oTTo M. E1DL1TZ
,,,,. KARL EILERS
v ABRAM I. ELKUS
,; How ARD ELLIOTT
JACKSON s. ELLIOTT
~ THOMAS EWING
/MAX FARRAND
MARSHALL FIELD
"' ROBERT M. FIELD
~,-'JOHN H. FINLEY
./HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
.• ,/HENRY FLETCHER
.,.,,: }AMES V. FoRRESTAL
~/RAYMOND B. FosDICK
~ /
v AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
\.' P.A. s. FRANKLIN
,,/LEOPOLD FREDRICK
• WALTER E. FREW
·-'Louis D. FRoELICK
1·'GEORGE A. GASTON
1<}AMES w. GERARD
. s. PARKER GILBERT
..... SAMUEL P. GILMAN
I E. STANLEY GLINES
"'Ro BERT GoELET
ALBERT E. GOODHART
~"' F. ABBOT GOODHUE
/"EVARTS B. GREENE
v"}EROME D. GREENE
..... ,• ALEXANDER GROSSET
\• SIDNEY L. GULICK
~ J. w. H. HAMILTON
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
.. · LEARNED HAND
}AMES G. HARBORD
EDWARD HARDING
,,..,··w1LLIAM AvERELL HARRIMAN
\."'CARLTON J. H. HAYES
/ CHARLES D. HAZEN
•. SAMUEL HEILNER
"' . ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
~ EDWIN M. HERR
CHAR.LES R. HICKOX
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,,._.,.,,..""" ....
y-· ROBERT c. HILL
v·'WALKER D. HINES
~··· EDWARD M. HousE
•" DAVID F. HOUSTON
•.. ·HERBERT s. HOUSTON
1o CHARLES P. HowLAND
"'--DAVIDE. HUDSON
JOHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
RoscoE H. HuPPER
_ .. CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
Y-HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
.,...,.WILL IRWIN
...... ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES i.,.··"·''
,/HENRY }AMES y
·- . WALTER B. JAMES
1.;•'' }AMES N. }ARVIE
JOHN C. }AY
_,. ,,. LAWRENCE M. }AY
•. JEREMIAH W. JENKS
\/' DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
,.,,- OTTO H. KAHN
' W4LTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
' FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
vFRED I. KENT
..,¥REDERICK P. KEPPEL
... ·WILLIAM S. Krns
>''WILLARD v. KING
"'OSWALD w. KNAUTH
1.-/ALVIN w. KRECH
1.'THOMAS w. LAMONT
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.,.dARTHUR B. LEACH
•· HENRY GODDARD LEACH
'-'"'IVY L. LEE
..,,,RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
.. ·""ARTHUR LEHMAN
v-lIERBERT H. LEHMAN
~;,-'FRANK LEWISOHN
... --SAM A. LEWISOHN
..... ·SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
... ··WALTER LIPPMANN
'-•'FREDERICK J. LISMAN
.-WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
~·WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT A. LOVETT
,!..--" CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
""CLARENCE H. MACKA y
.,,·v. EvERIT MACY
··-\,.,/'CHARLES D. MAKEPEACE
, .. SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
\.Louis C. MARBURG
~~ '··" GREGORY MASON
,. JULIAN s. MASON
• GEORGE 0. MAY
v WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
"' JAMES G. McDoN ALD
• JAMES H. McGRA w -.··'SAMUEL McRoBERTS
~I . v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
.. ' JOHN L. MERRILL
v HERMAN A. METZ
' SIDNEY E. MEZES
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~~BERT G. MILBANK
$/JOHN G. MILBURN
~''DAVID HUNTER MILLER
v-· HENRY E. MILLS •
.~·""OGDEN L. MILLS
I···' CHARLES E. MITCHELL
....... WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
t"' GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
.!····· ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
~·"]?ARKER T. MooN
..-'"'.f-IENRY MoRGENTHAU
t/ DWIGHT w. MORROW
""'CHARLES M. MucHNic
1.4
•· VERNON MUNROE
t•/GEORGE MURNANE
- . GRAYSON M.-P. MURPHY
~·/FREDERICK OSBORN
v"'WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
\ WILLIAM H. OSBORN
t·'' MAURICE A. 0UDIN
.... GEOFFREY p ARSONS
.,.,.GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
v·J AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN / -v" GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
/
/ FRANK L. PoLK
i..<f AMES H. PosT
v/ WILSON M. PowE:J,L
v/ JOHN A. POYNTON
"'""HAROLD I. PRATT
~-
- .~JOHN T. PRATT
I· HENRY s. PRITCHETT
.-MicHAEL I. PuPIN
I WILLIAM L. RANSOM
• ALBERT RATHBONE
J ROLAND L. REDMOND
"""'SAMUEL w. REYBURN
JOHN V. W. REYNDERS
A. HAMILTON RICE
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
1 ...... 6wEN F. ROBERTS
LINDSA y ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
' NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
//ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
'ARTHUR SACHS
HowAR~ J. SAcHs
,./MELVIN E. SAWIN
J. Louis SCHAEFER
lo<' MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
.... FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
l• HENRY R. SEAGER
~ E. R. A. SELIGMAN
~-·EUSTACE SELIGMAN
" ALBERT SHA w
..,·WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
' WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
.. ALBERT SHIELS
,.- WILLIAM H. SHORT
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V'JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JoHN L. SIMPSON
v'FRANcis H. S1ssoN
GEORGE A. SLOAN
\i····· LLOYD w. SMITH
\./JOSIAH E. SPURR
• HAROLD STANLEY
~.- ALBERT w. STAUB
V"' HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
v"CHARLES A. STONE
i.···'J ESSE ISIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
"'" ALBERT STRAUSS
•"'FREDERICK STRAUSS
,/SIMEON STRUNSKY
' ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
"'/ GERARD SwoPE
\, .. HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
'""''tt."
··"'HENRY w. TAFT
v' A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
!.,.."CARL TAYLOR
I/ MYRON c. TAYLOR
\,/ ERASTUS T. TEFFT
ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
,,, HARRY B. THAYER
\' JAMES' A. THOMAS
1• RoY E. ToMLINSON
• WALTERS. TowER
• Ro:NALD TREE
GuY E. TRIPP
~,
,.,,..,,,MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
v: GEORGE H. w ALKER
\i FELIX M. WARBURG
v PAUL M. WARBURG
v'HARRY E. WARD
1 ·ALLEN WARDWELL
1"JOHN I. WATERBURY
... ,.•THOMAS J. w ATSON
,,.·VANDERBILT WEBB
- l. CURTIS WHEELER
~/HENRY WHITE
;. ]AMES G. WHITE
' GEORGE WHITNEY
"',ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
\ GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
• Louis WILEY
L1NSLY RuDD WILLIAMS
HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
/ WILLIAM H. WoODIN
v CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
.,.,···.BOYKIN c. WRIGHT \....:·"
OWEN D. YOUNG
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Non-Resident c-%ember.r
~/JoHN ]AY ABBOTT
\,/HENRY T. ALLEN . NEWTON D. BAKER
\··· RAY STANNARD BAKER
.,,. .. PERRY BELMONT
~·· GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
v/ EDWIN M. BORCHARD r' ~ '
,/'
v ROLAND w. BOYDEN
..,./CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
"'/PHILIP MARSH~LL BROWN
.... /ARTHUR BULLARD
,...,,WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH ,,,,.- . .
,,.,, CASS CANFIELD
- \-·'SAMUEL HAR.DEN CHURCH
EMORY w. CLARK
v·'WILLIAM CLARK
,,..·WALTER P. COOKE
.... ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
H. G. DALTON
v· CLIVE DAY ,/ '
/ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
..//CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
,, .. /WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
"'S10NEY B. FAY
"""EDWARD A. FILENE
,I/
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Non-Resident c5'rCember .r
.,/ JoHN JAY ABBOTT
"/HENRY T. ALLEN
NEWTON D. BAKER
v< RAY STANNARD BAKER
/ PERRY BELMONT
.., GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
" EDWIN M. BoRCJ-IARD
.,/ROLAND w. BOYDEN
,,,/CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT S. BROOKINGS . . v' PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
....... ARTHUR BULLARD
,./WILLI.A'.M BUTTERWORTH /' <
/CASS CANFIELD
\.··SAMUEL HARDEN CHURCH
EMORY w. CLARK
""WILLIAM CLARK
v WALTER P. COOKE
"' ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
FI. G. DALTON
1-'' CLIVE DA y
,.../ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
,;/CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
/WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
"S1DNEY B. FAY
"EDWARD A. FILENE
q .. / .I(;.
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vif ANCE C. McCORMICK.
GEORGE McFADDEN
v··CoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
.,,,"WALTER W. McLAREN
·/JOHN C. MERRIAM
k EDWARD C. MooRE
", .. ADELBERT MooT
("ROLAND' s. MORRIS
i/DENYS P. MYERS
··--WILLIAM A. NEILSON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
"' FREDERIC A. OGG
.,. "EDWIN B. PARKER
vFirnDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
• WILLIAM B. POLAND
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
~-- WALLACE B. ROGERS
Juuus RosENWALD
...-/"GEORGE RUBLEE
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
vJAMES BROWN ScoTT
v· CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
I ARTHUR SWEETSER I
..;,j
~ MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
HOMER GAGE
.. , HARRY A. GARFIELD
>' JOHN w. GARRETT
v EDWIN F. GAY
.-'HUGH GIBSON
i.-"FRANK J. GOODNOW
1<EuGENE G. GRAcE
v<R.oGER S. GREENE
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
..,.,,,,'FRANCIS R. HART
•'CHARLES H. HASKINS
"'How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAE'L HERMAN
- 1--JoHN GRIER HIBBEN
~/HAMILTON HoLT
R1cHARD HooKER ,,
"''MANLEY 0. HUDSON
I' EDWARD N. HURLEY
B. EDWIN HuTcHI~soN
\' EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
'v JOHN S. LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
• ROBERT H. LORD
,, A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
--~~~--~~---~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
I !
FRANK W. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
v EDMUND A. WALSH
..... /WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
.,,-"HENRY M. WRISTON
ot' ALLYN A. YOUNG
l
...
~
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
V'~ EDMUND A. w ALSH .• "-·
.,.. WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
~f' HENRY M. WRISTON
,/ ALLYN A. y OUNG
\
'I
BY-LAWS 'I
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary · members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $so per annum; non-resident members shall pay $so per annum; academic members shall pay $1s per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members_:_in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
, III
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents,. a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board ,of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such
....
_.......-
other duties as from time to time shall be. assigned them by the Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corporation, and shall keep its records.
v
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and, assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VI
The fonds of the corporation and of FoREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, and (or) shall be invested by an investment committee of three, appointed by the President from among the Directors. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and one or the other of the Executive Directors, or in the case of the funds of FOREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Managing Editor of FoR.EIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Managing Editor, the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
VII
· The annual meeting shall be held after the completion of the fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth: ,
VIII
These by-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board · of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting.
l· t - ..
. ·~ ,I 'i
l t
•' i
PURPOSE
J:(i1 .Ceo
T HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a continuous conference on the international aspects
of America's political, economic and financial problems. I ts membership, . made up of men of many professions, is limited in number in order that freedom in discussion may be maintained.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners distinguished American and foreign guests are entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward current international problems. The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Archibald Cary Coolidge, of Harvard University. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative American review dealing with international relations.
The Council has recently undertaken a program of research under the direction of Charles P. Howland. He and his collaborators are planning an annual survey of American foreign policy, as well as to continue the publication of the Council's series of individual volumes on special interp~tional questions.
• ·1
I i
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS President
PAUL D. CRAVATH Vice-President
EDWIN F. GAY Secretary and Treasurer
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG WALTER HAMPTON MALLORY
Executive Directors
DIRECTORS
Retiring I928
lsAIAH BOWMAN NORMAN H. DAVIS A1t.CHIBA.LD c. COOLIDGE WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON PAUL D. CRAVATH PAUL M. WARBURG
Retiring I929
JoHN W. DAVIS STEPHEN P. DUGGAN JOHN H. FINLEY
OTTO H. KAHN GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I930
ALLEN w. DULLES GEORGE 0. MAY EDWIN F. GAY WESLEY c. MITCHELL RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL FRANK L. PoLK <:·".J·'
N (J -
~:
Q ~~~··'
Honorary cJtfembers
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
Resident cJ'ICembers
ERNEST H. ABBOTT
JULIUS 0. ADLER
JoHN G. AGAR
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
JAMES S. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK. H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
ERNEST ANGELL
}AMES w. ANGELL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
CECIL S. AsHDOWN
GEORGE P. AuLD
CHELLIS A. AUSTIN
JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR.
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
OTTo T. BANNARD
HENRY G. BAR.BEY
ROBERT I. BARR
t .I
I
• I
CHARLES C. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
LAWRENCE BENNETT
]oHN G. BERGQUIST
PEMBERTON BERMAN
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
WILLIS H. BOOTH
HENRY s. BOWERS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
C. CHARLES BURLINGAME
CHARLES C. BURLINGHAM
]AMES BYRNE
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
EDWARD c. CARTER
THOMf.S L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
HENRY A. E. CHANDLER 0rTO M. EIDLITZ II." L. H. PAUL CHAPIN KARL EILERS
CHARLES w. COLBY ABRAM I. ELK.US
JosEPH P. CoTI'oN How ARD ELLIOTI'
FREDERIC R. CouDERT JACK.SON s. ELLIOTI'
CHARLES R. CRANE THOMAS EWING
PAUL D. CRAVATH MARSHALL FIELD
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS RoBERT M. FIELD
FRANK.LIN W. M. CuTCHEON
l JOHN H. FINLEY
R. FULTON CUTTING HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY . HENRY FLETCHER
JoHN W. DAVIS BERNARD FLEXNER
NORMAN H. DAVIS' JAMES V. FoRRESTAL
F. TRUBEE DAVISON RAYMOND B. FosDICK.
GEORGE w. DAVISON AusTEN G. Fox
HENRY P. DAVISON GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
HENRY w. DE FOREST P. A. s. FRANK.LIN
ROBERT w. DE FOREST LEON FRASER
CLARENCE DILLON I LEOPOLD FREDRICK
FRANK. N. DOUBLEDAY • WALTER E. FREW
WALTER DouGLAS ~ Lours D. FRoELICK
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN I GEORGE A. GASTON I
ALLEN w. DULLES !: JAMES w. GERARD
JoHN FosTER DuLLES WALTER s. GIFFORD
ARTHUR DUNN S. p ARK.ER GILBERT
EDWARD M. EARLE SAMUEL P. GILMAN
FERDINAND EBER.STADT E. STANLEY GLINES
PHANOR J. EDER RoBERT GoELET
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS ALBERT E. GOODHART
GEORGE w. EDWARDS F. ABBOT GOODHUE
MARTIN EGAN EVARTS B. GREENE
JEROME D. GREENE ELLERY s. JAMES
ALEXANDER GROSSET HENRY JAMES
s. R. GUGGENHEIM JAMES N. JARVIE
SIDNEY L. GULICK. JOHN C. JAY
J. w. H. HAMILTON JEREMIAH W. JENKS
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND PHILIP C. JESSUP
JOHN HENRY HAMMOND DOUGLAS w. JOHNSON
LEARNED HAND t Orro H. KAHN
JAMES G. HARBOR.D
I WALTER B. KAHN
EDWARD HARDING NICHOLAS KELLEY
WILLIAM AVERELL HARR.IMAN FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
CARLTON J. H. HA YES
I FRED I. KENT ll
CHARLES D. HAZEN FREDERICK. P. KEPPEL 'I
SAMUEL HEILNER WILLIAM s. KIES
ALEXANDER. I. HENDERSON WILLARD v. KINO
EDWIN M. HERR. OSWALD w. KNAUTH
CHARLES R. HICKOX t ALVIN w. KRECH
:1 ROBERT c. HILL THOMAS w. LAMONT !!i
WALKER D. HINES ARTHUR B. LEACH i11
EDWARD M. HousE t
IIENRY GODDARD LEACH 'I DAVID F. HOUSTON l IVY L. LEE 111
IIERBERT s. HOUSTON RUSSELL C. LEFFINGWELL 'I
CHARLES P. HowLAND ARTHUR LEHMAN :,11
DAVID E. HUDSON l IIERBERT II. LEHMAN
JoHN CHAMBERS HuoHES FRANK LEWISOHN ii
j !
EDWARD H. HUME .1
SAM A. LEWISOHN
RoscoE II. HuPPER i SAMUEL McCuNE LrnDsA Y I
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE l VVALTER LIPPMANN
HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER ' FREDERICK J. LISMAN
WILL IRWIN ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES VVILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
ROBERT A. LOVETT
CHARLES S, MACFARLAND
CLARENCE H. MACKAY
V. EvERIT MACY
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MAR.BURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
Louis MARSHALL
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
}AMES G. McDONALD
}AMES H. McGRA w WILLIAM L. McPHERSON
SAMUEL McRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN L. MERRILL
HERMAN A. METZ
SIDNEY E. MEZES
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JOHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
WALTER MILLIS
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY CLAIR MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
l I
I
ROBERT H. MONTGOMERY
PARKER T. MooN
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
DWIGHT W. MORR.OW
CHARLES M. MucHNic
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
MAURICE A. OuDIN
GEOFFREY PARSONS
GEORGE FOSTER. PEABODY
]AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
WILSON M. POWELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMILTON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
•
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND. REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
ARTHUR }. ROSENTHAL
RALPH S. RouNDS
BEARDSLEY RuML
ARTHUR SACHS
How ARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDw ARD L. SHEA
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
GEORGE A. SLOAN
LLOYD w. SMITH
JOSIAH E. SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
I
1 I (
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'I
ALBERT W. STAUB
JosEPH E. STERRETT
HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE !SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
BENJAMIN STRONG
SIMEON STR.UNSKY
AR.THUR HAYS SULZBERGER
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
HENRY W. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
ARCHIBALD G. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
MARTIN VoGEL
ELISHA WALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
JOHN I. WATERBURY
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
}AMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
LINsLY RuDD WILLIAMS
GARRARD B. WINSTON
HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
WILLIAM H. WoomN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
Non-Resident c%embers
JOHN JAY ABBOTT
HENRY T. ALLEN
}AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PERl.Y BELMONT
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT Wooos BL1ss
EDWIN M. BoRcHA.llD
ROLAND W. BOYDEN
CHARLES H. BRENT
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
PHILIP MARSHALL BR.OWN
AR.THUil BULLARD
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, J 11..
EMollY W. CLARK
WILLIAM CLARK
WALTER P. COOKE
ARCHIBALD CARY COOLIDGE
HARRY G. DALTON
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
MAx FARll.AND
WILLIAM H. P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
EDWARD A. FILENE
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JoHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EUGENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JosEPH C. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD Ho01~ER.
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
JoHN S. LAwRENCf.
ALEXANDER LEGGE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LAWRENCE Lo WELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
GEORGE McFADDEN
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
JOHN C. MERRIAM
EDWARD c. MOORE
ADELBERT MooT
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
FREDERIC A. Ooo
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RicE
JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
WALLACE B. RooERS
JULIUS ROSENWALD
GEOl.OE RUBLEE
BER.NADOTTE E. SCHMITT
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
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CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
A. w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLA1TERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK. w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. V AUCLAIN
EDMUND A. w ALSH
WESTMORE WILLCOX, JR.
WESTEL W. WILLOUGHBY
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNo
BY-LAWS I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $Ioo per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay f,50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $Io per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation. III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms, and to be elected annually by the Board of Directors at their first meeting in the autumn of each year.
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of.the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
I I,
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PURPOSE JX1.1 .cc,
T HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a continuous conference on the international aspects
of America's political, economic and financial problems. I ts membership, made up of men of many professions, is limited in number so that freedom in discussion may he maintained.
At the Council's round-table meetings and dinners distinguished American and foreign guests are entertained, and opportunity is afforded for discussion of the attitude which the United States might properly assume toward current international problems.
The Council is not a trade organization nor has it any connection with any political party.
In addition to holding regular meetings, the Council on Foreign Relations publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Hamilton Fish Armstrong. FOREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative American review dealing with international relations.
The Council has recently undertaken a program of research under the direction of Charles P. Howland. He and his collaborators prepare the annual SURVEY OF AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS and plan individual volu.mes on special international questions.
(I
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OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT Honorary President
]OHN w. DAVIS President
PAUL D. CR.AVATH Pice-President
EDWIN F. GAY Secretary and Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I929 ]OHN W. DAVIS STEPHEN P. DUGGAN JOHN H. FINLEY
ALLEN W. DULLES EDWIN F. GAY
Ono H. KAHN GEORGE w. WICKER.SHAM OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I930
GEORGE 0. MAY
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL WESLEY c. MITCHELL FRANK L. Pou:
Retiring r93 I HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON PAUL D. CR.AVATH PAUL M. WARBURG
~ .;
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CHARLES C. BATCHELDER
Honorary c:JtCembers CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL TASKER H. BLISS
AMOS L. BEATY ELIHU RooT
NEAL Dow BECKER
.j. LAWRENCE BENNETT Resident c:JtCembers
JoHN G. BERGQUIST
ERNEST H. ABBOTT SAMUEL R. BER.TRON
JULIUS 0. ADLER I GEORGE BLUMENTHAL l
JoHN G. AGAR WILLIS H. BOOTH
WINTHROP W. ALDRICH ~
HENRY s. BOWERS
JAMES S. ALEXANDER lsAIAH BOWMAN
FREDERICK H. ALLEN HENRY c. BRECK
FRANK ALTSCHUL ... KENT BROMLEY
ERNEST ANGELL ELMER E. BROWN
JAMES w. ANGELL FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG JAMES BROWN
CECIL s. ASHDOWN WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
GEORGE P. AULD JAMES B. BRUCE
CHELLIS A. AUSTIN ~ RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
JuLES S. BACHE CHESTER. G. BURDEN
EAR.LE BAILIE
t c. CHAR.LES BURLINGAME
H. FOSTER. BAIN CHAR.LES c. BURLINGHAM
GEORGE F. BAKER., JR. ~ JAMES BYRNE
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN CASS CANFIELD
AR.THUR. A. BALLANTINE NEWCOMB CARLTON
OTTo T. BANNARD EDWARD c. CARTER
HENRY G. BARBEY BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
ROBERT I. BARR THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
MARTIN EGAN HENRY A. E. CHANDLER
KARL EILERS L. H. PA UL CHAPIN
ABRAM I. ELKUS CHARLES W. COLBY
]AMES A. FARRELL CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
MARSHALL FIELD JOSEPH P. COTTON
j ROBERT M. FIELD FREDERIC R. CouDERT
JOHN H. FINLEY FREDERIC R. COUDERT, } R.
1 HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER CHARLES R. CRANE
HENRY FLETCHER PAUL D. CRAVATH
BERNARD FLEXNER R. BERNARD CRISPELL
~'
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL ' F. KINOSBURY CURTIS
RAYMOND B. FosDICK FRANXLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
AUSTEN G. Fox R. FULTON CUTTINO
i GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
P. A. s. FRANKLIN ]OHN w. DAVIS
LEON FRASER NORMAN H. DAVIS
LEOPOLD FREDRICK GEOROE W. DAVIBON
WALTER E. FREW HENRY P. DAVISON
Louis D. FROELICK HENRY W. DE FOREST
i GEORGE A. GASTON
ROBERT w. DE FOREST
ARTEMUS L. GATES CLARENCE DILLON
r ]AMES W. GERARD WALTER DouoLAs
WALTER s. GIFFORD STEPHEN P. DuooA.N
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SAMUEL P. GILMAN ALLEN w. DULLES r
E. STANLEY GLINES ]OHN FOSTER DULLES
ALBERT E. GOODHART ARTHUR DUNN
F. ABBOT GOODHUE EDWARD M. EARLE
EVARTS B. GREENE FERDINAND EBER.STADT
JEROME D. GREENE PHANOR J. EDER
ALEXANDER GROSSET GEORGE W. EDWARDS
s. R. GUGGENHEIM
SIDNEY L. GULICK
JEREMIAH VV.]ENKs
]OHN HAYS HAMMOND
PHILIP C. J Essup
]OHN HENRY HAMMOND
DouGLAs VV. ]OHNsoN
LEARNED HAND
Ono H. KAHN
]AMES G. HAllBORD
VVALTER B. KAHN
EDWARD HARDING
NICHOLAS KELLEY
WILLIAM AVER.ELL HARRIMAN
I FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
GEORGE L. HARRISON
J FRED I. KENT
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL·
CHARLES D. HAZEN
VVILLIAM s. KIES
SAMUEL HEILNER
{
VVILLARD V. KzNG
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
OSWALD VV. KNAUTH
EDWIN M. HERR
THOMAS vv. LAMONT
CHARLES R. Hicrcox
'
ARTHUR B. LEACH
• vv ALKER D. HINES
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
HAROLD K. HocHscHILD
Ivy L. LEE
EDWARD M. HousE
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
HERBERT s. HOUSTON
ARTHUR LEHMAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
DAVID E. HuDsoN
l
FRANK LEWISOHN
]OHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
SAM A. LEWISOHN
EDWARD H. HUME
1 SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY
CL.AR.ENCE E. HUNTER
\V ALTER LIP PM.ANN
Rosco£ H. HUPPER
' FREDERICK J. LISMAN
CH.AR.LES CHENEY HYDE
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
WILL IRWIN
WILLIAM A. Locxwooo
ARTHUR CURTISS ]AM.Es
ROBERT A. LOVETT
ELLERY s. J ..\MES
CH.>.RLES s. M.>.CF.AR.LAND
HENRY ].AM.Es
Ct.>.ltENCE H. MACKAY
].AMES N. ]AR.VIE
V. EvERIT MAcy
SEVERO 1'fALLET-PREVOST
WALTER. H. 1'fALLOR.Y
Louis c. 1'fAR.BURO
ALl'llED E. l\fARLIN'O
LOUIS MARSHALL
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. 1'fAY
CHARLES S. l\f cCAIN
WILLIAM C. l\fcCLELLAN
}AMES G. l\fcDoNALD
}AMES H. l\fcGRAw
WILLIAM L. l\fcPHERSON
SAMUEL l\fcRoBERTS
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
}OHN L. 1'fERRILL
HERMAN A. l\f ETZ
ALBERT G. 1'fILBANK
}OHN G. l\fILBURN
DAVID HUNTER 1'fILLER.
WALTER 1'fILLIS
HENRY E. 1'fILLS
OGDEN L. 1'fILLS
CHARLES E. 1'fITCHELL
WESLEY CLAIR l\fJTCHELL
PAuL l\foNllOE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
RoBERT H. l\foNTOOMEllY
PARKER T. l\fooN
IIENllY S. Molt.GAN
IIENRY MollGENTHAU
DWIGHT W. l\foRRow
. '
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CHARLES M. MucHNic
VERNON l\f UNROE
GEORGE l\fURNANE
HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
l\foRGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
1'fAURICE A. Ouo1N
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
}AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANKL. POLK
JAMES H. PosT
WILSON l\f. POWELL
JOHN A.POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMIL TON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
H:owARD C. RoBBINs
OwEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
ARTHUR J. ROSENTHAL
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
ARTHUR SACHS
HOWARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDw ARD L. SHEA
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
}AMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
GEORGE A. SLOAN
ALFRED E. SMITH
LLOYD w. SMITH
JOSIAH E. SPURR
HAR.OLD STANLEY
ALBERT W. STAUB
,/
JOSEPH E. STERRETT
HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE }SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
ALBERT STRAUSS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
CHESTER 0. Sw AIN
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
HENRY w. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
HARRY B. THAYER
]AMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. TOMLINSON
WALTER s. TOWER
RONALD TREE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WAR.DWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDEllBILT WEBB
}AMES G. WHITE
GEOllGE WHITNEY
AR.NOLD WHITllIDOE
GEO.R.OE W. WICKER.SHAM
Louis WILEY
LINSLY RuDD WILLIAMS
GAllllA.R.D B. WINSTON
HENRY RoGE.R.s W1NTHR.OP
WILLIAM H. WooDIN
CLAR.ENCE 1\1. \VooLLEY
BOYKIN c. \V.R.IGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
Non-Resident Jreembers
JoHN JAY ABBOTT
HENllY T. ALLEN
}AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKEll
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PER.llY BELMONT
GEOR.GE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBEllT WooDs BLISS
EDWIN 1\1. BoRcHAllD
ROLAND \V. BOYDEN
CHAR.LES H. Bil.ENT
RoBEllT S. BROOKINGS
PHILIP l\1AllSHALL BR.OWN
AR.THUil BULLARD
WILLIAM BuTTEllWOR.TH
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, J ll.
EMollY W. CuR.K
WILLIAM CLAR.K
WALTER. P. COOKE
RICHARD CRANE
HAllllY G. DALTON
l\1ALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TllUBEE DAVISON
CHAR.LES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER. DENNETT
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
FR.EDER.IC R. DoLBEA:a.E
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
MAX FARRAND
WILLIAM H.P. FAUNCE
SIDNEY B. FAY
Eow ARD A. FI LENE
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
s. PARKER GILBERT
HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EUGENE G. GRACE .
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH c. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
SAMUEL N. lliRPER
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
HOWARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD HOOKER
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
ROBERT JACKSON
I CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH S.LATOURETTE
JOHN S. LA WREN CE
ALEXANDER LEGGE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LAWRENCE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
VVALTER VV. McLAREN
JOHN C. MERRIAM
EDWARD c. MOORE
ADELBERT MooT
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
VVILLIAM A. NEILS ON
JOHN LORD O'BRIAN
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
ROBERT E. OLDS
EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
VVALTER s. PENFIELD
JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
VVILLIAM B. POLAND
GUSTAVUS D. POPE
CHAR.LES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
JoaN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
WALLACE B. ROGERS
J ULIUs RosENW ALD
GEORGE RuBLEE
J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
]AMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
A. w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
WESTMORE WILLCOX, JR.
WESTEL w. WILLOUGHBY
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
HENRY M. WRISTON
ALLYN A. YouNG
BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $Io per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms, and to be elected annually by the Board of Directors at their first meeting in the autumn of each year.
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
"'
"
Q,OUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
~
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS
January First, I9JO
45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
J\{_ew York
~
,,_. /
i I
\ ·' \
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
.Vice-President
JOHN W. DA VIS
President
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary. and Treasurer
w ALTER H. MAL LOR y
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I930
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
FRANK L. PoLK
Retiring I9J I HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
. PAUL D. CRAVATH
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL M. WARBURG
Retiring I932 JOHN w. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
OTTO H. KAHN
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
OWEN D. y OUNG
Honorary Members
TASKER H. BLISS
ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
ERNEST H. ABBOTT
JULIUS 0. ADLER
]oHN G. AGAR
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
}AMES S. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, ]R, ERNEST ANGELL
]AMES w. ANGELL
HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG
GEORGE P. AuLD
JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER, JR •
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
WILLIAM D. BALDWIN
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
HENRY G. BARBEY
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
ROBERT I. BARR
CHARLES C. BATCHELDER
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CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
HENRY S. BowERS
lsAIAH BowMAN
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
}AMES H. liRUCF.
RAYMOND LESLIE BuF.1.1.
CHESTER G. BURDEN
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
CHARLES C. BURLINGHAM
JAMES BYRNE
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
THOMASL.CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
II
I
HENRY A. E. CHANDLER
L H. PAUL CHAPIN
CHRISTOPHER F. CooMBS
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
It FULTON CUTTING
WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
JoHN W. DAv1s
NORMAN H. DAVIS
GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
HENRY w. DE FOREST
RoBERT W. DE FoREST
WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO I
CLARENCE DILLON
WALTER DOUGLAS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JOHN FosTER. DuLLES
ARTHUR DUNN
EDw ARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
PHANOR J. EDER
MARTIN.EGAN
..
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
]AMES A. FARRELL
HERBERT FEis
MARSHALL FIELD
RoBERT M. FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
HENRY FLETCHER
BERNARD FLEXNER
HoMER FoLKS
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL
RAYMOND B. FosDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEON FRASER
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FRoELICK
GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
JAMES W. GERARD
w ALTER s. GIFFORD
SAMUEL p. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
ALBERT E. GooDHART
F. ABBOTT GooDHUE
Ro BERT GRANT, JR.
EVARTS B. GREENE
JEROME D. GREENE
ALEXANDER GROSSET
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
SIDNEY L. GULICK
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
]AMES G. HARBORD
EDw ARD HARDING
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
SAMUEL HEILNER
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
EDWIN M. HERR
J F.ROMF. s. HESS
CHARI.Es n .. HrnKox
WALKER D. HlNES
HAROLD K. HOCHSCHILD
BRUCE C. HoPPER
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
HERBERT s. HOUSTON
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLES E. HUGHES
JOHN CHAMBERS HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HUPPER
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
-----,
~ i . I
HENRY R. IcKELHEIMER
WILL lRwIN
ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
ELLERY s. JAMES
HENRY JAMES
PHILIP C. JESSUP
FRANK B. JEWETT
DouGLAS W. JOHNSON
OTTO H. KAHN
WALTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEi.
WILLIAM s. KIES
WILLARD v. KING
OSWALD w. KNAUTJI
THOMAS w. LAMONT
ARTHUR B. LEACH
HENR y GODDARD LEACH
lvY L. LEE
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
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WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD .
ROBERT A. LOVETT
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
CLARENCE H. MACKA y
V. EvERIT MACY
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
WALTER H. MALLORY
LOUIS c. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
JULIAN s. MASON
GEORGE 0. MAY
. HERBERT L. MAY
CHARLES S. McCAIN
WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
]AMES G. McDoNALD
]AMES H. McGRAW
WILLIAM L. McPHERSON
SAMUEL McRoBERTs
VAN S. MERLE-SMITH
JOHN L. MERRILL
HERMAN A. METZ .
ALBERT G. MILBANK
JoHN G. MILBURN
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
WALTER MILLIS
HENRY E. MILLS
OGDEN L. MILLS
CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
-
~_,..--.. PARKER T. MooN
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
DWIGHT w. MORROW
CHARLES M. MucHNIC
VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
PHILIP c. NASH
HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
LOYALL A. OSBORNE
GEORGE B. PARKER
GE01"FREY PARSON s
GEORGE FosTER PEAllODY
]AMES H. 1'1--;RKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. POLK
·]AMES H. PosT
WILSON M. POWELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
MICHAEL I. PUPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
ROLAND L. REDMOND
LANSING P. REED
,,
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GORDON s. RENTSCHLER
SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMIL TON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
LINDSAY ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
NICHOLAS RoosEVELT
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RUML
ARTHUR SACHS
HOWARD J. SACHS
MELVIN E. SAWIN
MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, ]R. ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
HENRY R. SEAGER
LOUIS H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
EDWARD L. SHEA
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS
WILLIAM H. SHORT
]AMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
FRANCIS H. SISSON
'I· I
~--~
GEORGE A. SLOAN
ALFRED E. SMITH
LLOYD w. SMITH
J. EDWARD SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
ALBERT w. STAUB
· JosEPH E. STERRETT
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE !SIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD Swopg
l.IERUER'I' BAYARD SwoPE
HENRY w. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
. CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR •
MYRON c. TAYLOR
ERASTUS T. TEFFT
HARR y B. THAYER
}AMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. ToRREY
WALTERS. TowER
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
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MARTIN VOGEL
ELISHA WALKER
GEORGE H. WALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALL~N WARDWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
JAMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
RoGER H. WILLIAMS
GARRARD B. WINSTON
HENRY R.oOERS WINTHROP
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
OWEN D. y OUNG
~
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Non-Resident Members
JoHN ]AY ABBOTT
HENRY T. ALLEN
]AMES ROWLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
PERRY BELMONT
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ROLAND w. BOYDEN
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
]AMES H. CAUSEY
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR. EMORY w. CLARK
'WILLIAM CLARK
CHARLES w. COLBY
WALTER P. COOKE
RICHARD CRANE
VICTOR M. CUTTER
HARRY G. DALTON
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
CHARLES G. DA WES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
ALFRED L. P. DENNIS
HENRY s. DENNISON
1 j
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11..' '
FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FA y
EDWARD A. FILENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
w. CAMERON FORBES
]AMES J. FoRsTALL
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HuGH GrnsoN
s. PARKER GILBERT
HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
FRANK J. GOODNOW
EuoENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
CHARLES H. HASKINS
How ARD HEINZ
RAPHAEL HERMAN
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
HAMILTON HOLT
RICHARD HOOKER
...
~----
ERNEST M. HOPKINS
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
EDMUND N. HUYCK
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
JOHN S. LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER
VANCE C. McCORMICK
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
EUGENE MEYER
Eow ARD C. MdoRE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON:
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
RoBERT E. Ows EDWIN B. PARKER
FREDERICK H. PAYNE
WALTER s. PENFIELD
J O~IAH H. PENNIMAN
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
,. ,.
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;
WILLIAM B. POLAND
GusTAvus D. PoPE
CHARLES J. RHOADS
WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
JULIUS ROSENWALD
GEORGE RUBLEE
J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
ARCH w. SHAW
CHARLES L. SLATTERY
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
SAMUEL M. VAUCLAIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
WESTMORE WILLcox, JR.
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
HENRY M. WRISTON
, .....
.. ~
----- ---- --·----- ,.,. ____ _
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, lNc.
'i?
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS f.:i MEMBERS
'January First, I9JI
45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
:JX!,w York
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
_Honorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Treasurer
EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I93 I v' HAMIL TON FISH ARMSTRONG JN ORMAN H. DAVIS
v'lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY ,H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CRAVATH ""'P*tn: M, WAILBllRG..
JoHN_ W. DAVIS
JSTEPHEN P. DUGGAN
Retiring I932 j OTTO H. KAHN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND
.JGEORGE W. WICKERSHAM
J OWEN D. y OUNG
J ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY.
Retiring I933 JGEORGE 0. MAY
...;WESLEY c. MITCHELL
JRussELL C. LEFFINGWELL ..!FRANK L. PoLK
~>···-~~-- ·~·.,-.,,,.·~~-====-===---------
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Honorary lvfember
ELIHU RooT
Resident lvf embers
-~ ./ERNEST H. ABBOTT
• Juuus 0. ADLER
- ~·JOHN G. AGAR
~ WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
,/ FREDERICK H. ALLEN
I<' FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, JR.
ERNEST ANGELL
JAMES w. ANGELL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GoRDON AucHINCLoss
GEORGE P. AuLD
" JULES S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FOSTER BAIN
,/ GEORGE F. BAKER, JR •
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
' ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
;,,HENRY G. BARBEY
;. ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
. CHARLES c. BAUER
<-· GERALD F. BEAL
' AMOS L. BEATY
~--~ /
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NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
I JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
HENRY s. BOWERS
ISAIAH BOWMAN
' HENR y c. BRECK
' KENT BROMLEY
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
]AMES BROWN
' WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
]AMES B. BRUCE
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
' CHESTER G. BURDEN
. c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
·'"JAMES BYRNE
ROBERT J. CALDWELL
~WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
~/CASS CANFIELD
•. NEWCOMB CARLTON
•. ALEXIS A. CARREL
• EDWARD c. CARTER
Louis S. CATES
THOMASL.CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
' JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
I.
'\.
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
• FREDERIC R. CouDERT
FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
CHARLES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
R. BERNARD CRISPELL
STUART M. CROCKER
~·PATRICK E. CROWLEY
l · F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
"· FRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
R. FULTON CUTTING
' WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
]oHN W. DAv1s
"· NoRMAN H. DAVIS
\. GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
HENRY w. DE FOREST
ROBERT w. DE FOREST
... WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
.. CLARENCE DILLON
CLEVELAND E. DooGE
LA WREN CE DUGGAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JoHN FosTER DULLES
ARTHUR DUNN
EDWARD M. EARLE
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
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VpHANOR J. EDER
,. MARTIN EGAN
KARL EILERS
ABRAM I. ELKUS
]AMES A. FARRELL
HERBERT FEIS
MARSHALL FIELD
ROBERT M. FIELD
JOHN H. FINLEY
HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
HENRY FLETCHER
BERNARD FLEXNER
HOMER FOLKS
]AMES V. FoRRESTAL
RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
AusTEN G. Fox
GEORGE s. FRANKi.IN
P. A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW 1 Louis D. FRoELICK
LEWIS GANNETT
, GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTER s. GIFFORD
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
ALBERT E. GOODHART
F. ABBOTT GOODHUE
ROBERT GRANT, JR.
1
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Ev ARTS B. GREENE
i JEROME D. GREENE
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
' SIDNEY L. GULICK
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
• JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
JAMES G. HARBORD
EDw ARD HARDING
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CARLTON J. H. HA YES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
I SAMUEL HEILNER
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
EDWIN M. HERR
JEROME S. HESS
CHARLES R. HICKOX
WALKER D. HINES
HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
BRUCE c. HOPPER
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
.. HERBERT S. HOUSTON
CHARLES P. HowLAND
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLE;S E. HUGHES
JOHN.CHAMBERS HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
,/
/CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
rHENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
..-WILL IRWIN
.. ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
•· HENRY JAMES
PIERRE JAY
. PHILIP c. JESSUP
': FRANK B. JEWETT
DouGLAS W. JOHNSON
,. . OTTO H. KAHN
~'WALTER B. KAHN
l 'NICHOLAS KELLEY
\ FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
I WILLIAM s. KIES
' WILLARD v. KING
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
THOMAS s. LAMONT
THOMAS w. LAMONT
HENRY GODDARD LEACH
Jvy L. LEE
, .. RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
~· ARTHUR LEHMAN
• HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
I SAM A. LEWISOHN
• SAMUEL McCUNE LrnDsA Y
, WALTER LIPPMANN
• FREDERICK J. LISMAN
tARTHUR LIVINGSTON
---
.. 1;
r r
•·WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
~· •·WILLIAM A. LOCKWOOD
- • RoBERT A. LovETT
I· CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
•.. CLARENCE H. MACKA y
\· SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
" WALTER H. MALLORY
• Louis C. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
"'" ; JULIAN S. MASON
l· GEORGE 0. MAY
•. HERBERT L. MAY
~CHARLES S. McCAIN
.. WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
\ JAMES G. McDONALD
JAMES H. McGRAW
' SAMUEL McRoBERTS
NELSON P. MEAD
v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
; JOHN L. MERRILL
' HERMAN A. METZ
CHARLES F. MEYER
;/'ALBERT G. MILBANK
,, DAVID HUNTER MILLER
I WALTER MILLIS
~·· HENRY E. MILLS
• OGDEN L. MILLS
CLARK H. MINOR
\ . CHARLES E. MITCHELL
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
PAUL MONROE
~ ~
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
., PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MooNEY
HENRY s. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
"' ., Dw1GHT W. MoRROW
•. VERNON MUNROE
GEORGE MURNANE
PHILIP c. NASH
\HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
· MoRGAN J. O'BRIEN
FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
' LOYALL A. OSBORNE
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
RICHARD c. PATTERSON
GEORGE FosTER PEABODY
JAMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. PoLK
]AMES H. PosT
WILSON M. PowELL
JOHN A. POYNTON
' HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
M1cHAEL I. PuPIN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
f ?~
' 1
THOMAS THORNTON READ
I ROLAND L. REDMOND
' LANSING P. REED
GORDON s. RENTSCHLER
• SAMUEL w. REYBURN
A. HAMILTON RICE
. F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
J O,HN D. ROCKEFELLER, JRD
LINDSAY ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
N1cHOLAS RoosEVELT
RALPH s. ROUNDS
BEARDSLEY RuML
ARTHUR SACHS
1 How ARD J. SAcHs
MELVIN E. SAWIN
J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO
'.· MORTIMER L. SCHIFF
t FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER 1
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
I E. R. A •. SELIGMAN
EusTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
> ALBERT SHIELS
: WILLIAM H. SHORT
,'
v }AMES T. SHOTWELL
t- JOHN L. SIMPSON
I- FRANCIS H. SISSON
l- GEORGE A. SLOAN
\I LLOYD w. SMITH
~- J. EDWARD SPURR
\. HAROLD STANLEY
l ALBERT w. STAUB
JOSEPH E.STERRETT
; HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
> JESSE ISIDOR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
' ' FREDERICK STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
' ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
HENRY w. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
' GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. ToRREY
· WALTER S. TowER
' '
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OswALD GARRISON VILLARD
MARTIN VoGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
FELIX M. WARBURG
PAUL M. WARBURG
'HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
' VANDERBILT WEBB
, .. ' }AMES G. WHITE
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
ROGER H. WILLIAMS
> GARRARD B. WINSTON
\ HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
• OwEN D. YouNG
__........-__......-: -=-~:-~------_.
~r
~~ ~~~!
---------~~~===-------...,_... ________ _
Non-Resident Members
WILLIS J. ABBOT
JoHN JAY ABBOTT
~- JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL
'NEWTON D. BAKER
; RAY STANNARD BAKER
I GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
~ RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
-~~ 'ROLAND w. BOYDEN
ROBERT s. BROOKINGS
PIHLIP MARSHALL BROWN
WILLIAM BUTTERWORTH
ARTHUR CAPPER
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE
JAMES H. CAUSEY
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR. EMORY w. CLARK
WILLIAM CLARK
CHARLES w. COLBY
WALTER P. CooKE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
... VICTOR M. CUTTER
HARRY G. DALTON
,MALCOLM w. DAVIS
F. TRUBEE DAVISON
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
,.,
;_o
~
l HENRY s. DENNISON
v'' FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE
CYRUS s. EATON
\...-"CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
• - MAX FARRAND
•. SIDNEY B. FAY
~- EDWARD A. FILENE
! HENRY P. FLETCHER
l MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
I w. CAMERON FORBES
• }AMES J. FoRSTALL 0
<' LEON FRASER
t,/ HoMER GAGE
i HARRY A. GARFIELD
\. JOHN w. GARRETT
1- EowIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
. s. PARKER GILBERT
\ HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
i FRANK J. GOODNOW
• EUGENE G. GRACE
WILLIAM GREEN
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
c ERNEST GRUENING
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
... SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
\ CHARLES H. HASKINS
. How ARD HEINZ
)I
..
--···-- ....... ,... _____________________________________ _
' RAPHAEL HERMAN
• CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
HAMILTON HOLT
, ERNEST M. HoPKINS
MANLEY O. HuDSON
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
I WILLIAM L. LANGER
' KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
DAVID LAWRENCE
•·· CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
. A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
SAMUEL MATHER - . J. V. A. MAcMuRRAY
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
CoNsTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
EuGENE MEYER
A. c. MILLSPAUGH
EDWARD C. MooRE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
ROLAND s. MORRIS
DENYS p. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
· RoBERT E. OLDS
'tr .. , Jl I
\.;
~ FREDERICK H. p A YNE
-'. WALTER s. PENFIELD
,· JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
' THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
JoHN PERRIN
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
I HARLAN T. PIERPONT
... WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE W1TT C. PooLE
,, GusTAvus D. PoPE
JESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
' WILLIAM GORHAM RICE
RAYMOND T. RICH
\,JOHN w. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
: JuL1us RosENWALD
v GEORGE RUBLEE
• J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
-·BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
•']AMES BROWN ScoTT
1"' CHARLES SEYMOUR
i 'HENRY D. SHARPE
,··.ARCH w. SHAW
WILLIAM s. SIMS
t·J EREMIAH SMITH, JR.
' F;REDERICO STALLFORTH
JOHN F. STEVENS
" SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
I FRANK w. TAUSSIG
_.,....-_ -
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
MATTHEW WoLL
HENRY M. WRISTON
\
IJ ~~ l \
I l I I
I
t
BY-LAWS I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, academic and honorary.
Resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall.
Academic members are those who, while members, are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited authors, writers and newspaper men.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members. II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum; academic members shall pay $15 per annum, except that those who neither reside nor have places of business within fifty miles of New York shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resig-nation. Ill
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms, and to be elected annually by the Board of Directors at their first meeting in the autumn of each year.
The Officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
IV
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
m
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation.
The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the corporation, and shall keep its records.
v
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VI
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, and (or) shall be invested by an investment committee of three, appointed by the President from among the Directors. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and either the Executive Director or the Editor of FoREION AFFAIRS, or in the case of the funds of FoREION AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Editor of FoREION AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the Executive Director or the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the VicePresident) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
VII
The annual meeting shall be held after the completion of the fiscal year and not later than December fifteenth.
VIII
These By-laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting.
•
t
+ l
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I
1932
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
JoHN W. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH
Vice-President EDWIN F. GAY
Secretary··
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Treasurer WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I932 JoHN W. DAv1s OTTo H. KAHN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
ALLEN W. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
OWEN D. YouNG
Retiring I933 GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY C. MITCHELL
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL FRANK L. POLK
Retiring I934 HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
lsAIAH BOWMAN WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
PAUL D. CRAVATH PAUL M. WARBURG
~
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Honorary Member
ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
JULIUS 0, ADLER
WINTHROP W. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
COPLEY AMORY, JR.
JAMES W. ANGELL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GoRDON AucHINcLoss
JULES S, BACHi
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
HENRY G. BARBEY
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES C. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL . CHARLES R. CRANE
HENRY s. BOWERS PAUL D. CRAVATH
lsAIAH BOWMAN R. BERNARD CRISPELL
HENRY c. BRECK STUART M. CROCKER
KENT BROMLEY
' PATRICK E. CROWLEY
ELMER E. BROWN I F. KINGSBURY CURTIS ' FRANKLIN Q. BROWN FRANKLIN W. M. CuTcHEON
JAMES BROWN ? R. FULTON CUTTING
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL ~ JoHN W. DAvis
CHESTER G. BURDEN NORMAN H. DAVIS
C. CHARLES BURLINGAME NORMAN p. DAVIS
CHARLES C. BURLINGHAM I GEORGE w. DAVISON
JAMES BYRNE i HENRY P. DAVISON
Ro BERT J. CALDWELL EDMUND E. DAY
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY HENRY W. DE FOREST
CASS CANFIELD WILLIAM ADAM,S DELANO
NEWCOMB CARLTON RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
ALEXIS A. CARREL CLEVELAND E. DoDGE
EDw ARD C. CARTER WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
Louis S. CATES LAWRENCE DUGGAN
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE ALLEN w. DULLES
JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN ~ JoHN FosTER DuLLES
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN ARTHUR DUNN
EVANS CLARK l EDWARD M. EARLE
STEPHEN c. CLARK FERDINAND EBERSTADT
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS PHANOR J. EDER
FREDERIC R. CouDERT MARTIN EGAN
FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR. ABRAM I. ELKUS
}AMES A. FARRELL JEROME D. GREENE
JoHN FENNELLY· S. R. GuooENHEIM
MARSHALL FIELD SIDNEY L. GULICK
ROBERT M. FIELD joHN HAYS HAMMOND
JOHN H. FINLEY ~ JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
HARRY HARKNESS FLAOLEI\ LEARNED HAND
HENRY FLETCHER
~ }AMES G. HARBORD
BERNARD FLEXNER EDWARD HARDING
HoMER FoLK.I HEBER R. HARPER
RAYMOND 8. FosDICK '!' WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
AusTEN G. Fox GEORGE L. HARRISON
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN CARLTON J. H. HAYES
P.A. s. FRANKLIN CHARLES D. HAZEN
LEOPOLD FaEDIUCK I SAMUEL HEILNER
WALTER E. FREW ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
Louis D. FaoELICK EDWIN M. HERR
CARLTON P. FULLER JEROME S. HESS
LEWIS GANNETT CHARLES R. HICKOX
ARTHUR z. GARDINER WALKER D. HINES
PAUL w. GARRETT HAROLD K. HocHscHILD
GEORGE A. GASTON ALANSON B. HouGHTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES EDWARD M. HousE
EDWARD R. GAY HERBERT s. HOUSTON
}AMES w. GERARD
l DAVIDE. HUDSON
WALTER s. GIFFORD CHARLES E. HUGHES
s. PARKER GILBERT \ ]oHN CHAMBERS HuGHEs
SAMUEL P. GILMAN EDWARD H. HUME
E. STANLEY GLINES ·+ CLARENCE E. HUNTER
ALBERT E. GOODHART RoscoE H. HUPPER
F. ABBOTT GooDHUE CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
EVARTS B. GREENE HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
WILL IRWIN J. c. LUITWEILER
ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
HENRY }AMES CLARENCE H. MACKA y
PIERRE JAY JULIAN W. MACK
PHILIP C. JESSUP ~·· SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
FRANK B. JEWETT I WALTER H. MALLORY OTTO H. KAHN
' LOUIS c. MARBURG
WALTER B. KAHN ALFRED E. MARLING
NICHOLAS KELLEY GEORGE 0. MA y
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG •; HERBERT L. MA y
FRED I. KENT CHARLES S. McCAIN
FREDERICK. P. KEPPEL WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
WILLIAM s. KIES VANCE C. McCORMICK ,.,.
WILLARD v. KINO I }A.MES G. McDONALD
OSWALD w. KNA.UTH }A.MESH. McGuw
THOMAS s. LAMONT .. SAMUEL McRoBERTS THOMAS W. LAMONT
NELSON P. MEAD HENRY GODDARD LEACH v AN s. MERLE-SMITH lvY L. LEE
JOHN L. MERRILL RUSSELL C. LEFFINGWELL
HERMAN A. METZ ARTHUR LEHMAN
CHARLES F. MEYER HERBERT H. LEHMAN
ALBERT G. MILBANK FRANK LEWISOHN
WALTER MILLIS SAM A. LEWISOHN
HENRY E. MILLS SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY t OGDEN L. MILLS WALTER LIPPMANN
CLARK H. MINOR FREDERICK J. LISMAN
CHARLES E. MITCHELL GEORGE K. LIVERMORE ' WES LEY C. MITCHELL ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
PAUL MONROE WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE EDWARD E. LOOMIS
PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MOONEY ROLAND L. REDMOND
HENRY s. MORGAN LANSING P. REED
SHEPARD MORGAN GORDON s. RENTSCHLER
HENRY MoRGENTHAU SAMUEL w. REYBURN
VERNON MUNROE :;, A. HAMILTON RrcE
GEORGE MURNANE f, F. BAYARD RrvEs
PHILIP c. NASH HOWARD c. ROBBINS
HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON ~. GEO:R.GE ROBERTS
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN l OWEN F. ROBERTS
FREDERICK OSBORN • LELAND REX ROBINSON
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN JoHN D. RocJC.El'ELLER, JllD
WILLIAM H. OSBORN LINDSAY RoGE:a.s
LoYALL A. OsBO:R.NE GEO:R.GE EMLEN ROOSEVELT .~
Alt.THUR w. PAGE I NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
GEORGE B. PARK.Ell
J RALPH s. ROUNDS
GEOl'FREY PARSONS P.A. ROWLEY
RICHARD C. PATTERSON BEARDSLEY RuML
GEORGE FosTER PEABODY ARTHUR SACHS
}AMES H. PERKINS How ARD J. SACHS
LESTER W. PERRIN WALTER E. SACHS
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON MELVIN E. SAWIN
FRANK L. POLK J. SAL WYN SCHAPIRO
JAMES H. PosT FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
WILSON M. POWELL ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
JOHN A. POYNTON \ WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
HAROLD I. PRATT Louis H. SEAGRAVE ;
HENRY s. PRITCHETT E. R. A. SELIGMAN
MICHAEL I. PuPIN '.I
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
WILLIAM L. RANSOM ALBERT SHAW
ALBERT RATHBONE WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
THOMAS THORNTON READ WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT SHIELS JAMES A. THOMAS
WILLIAM H. SHORT RoY E. ToMLINSON
JAMES T. SHOTWELL CLARE M. TORREY
JOHN L. SIMPSON WALTER s. TOWER
FRANCIS H. SISSON ~ ARTHUR c. VEATCH
GEORGE A. SLOAN OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
LLOYD W. SMITH
'\ MARTIN VoGEL
J. EDWARD SPURR ELISHA WALKER
HAROLD STANLEY
l FELIX M. w ARBURG ALBERT W. STAUB
k ]AMES P. WARBURG }OSEPHE. STERRETT
PAUL M. WARBURG WALTER W. Sn:wART
HARRY E. WARD HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
ALLEN WARDWELL CHARLES A. STONE ~
EDWARD P. WARNER JESSE lsIDOR STRAUS
THOMAS J. WATSON PERCY s. STRAUS
' VANDERBILT WEBB FREDERICK STRAUSS
GEORGE WHITNEY LEWIS L. STRAUSS
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE SIMEON STRUNSKY
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
Louis WILEY JOSEPH R. SWAN
LINSLY R. WILLIAMS CHESTER 0. SWAIN
ROGER H. WILLIAMS GERARD SWOPE
GARRARD B. WINSTON HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
BRONSON WINTHROP ~ HENRY W. TAFT ~ HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR ~ CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
CARL TAYLOR !; BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR :~ OWEN D. y OUNG
MYRON c. TAYLOR
BENJAMIN B. THAYER
HARRY B. THAYER
Non-Resident Members CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNE'IT
WILLIS J. ABBOT HENRY s. DENNISON
JOHN JAY ABBO'IT FREDERIC R. DOLBEARE
JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL ~ CYRUS s. EATON
GEORGE P. AULD i CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
NEWTON D. BAKER ,,
MAX FARRAND
RAY STANNARD BAKER SIDNEY B. FAY
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE HERBERT FEIS
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE I EDw ARD A. FILENE '
RoBERT WooDs BLiss HENRY P. FLETCHER
EDWIN M. BORCHARD I MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
MARK L. BRISTOL ~ W. CAMERON FORBES
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN JAMES J. FoRSTALL
JAMES B. BRUCE FELIX FRANKFURTER
WILLIAM BU'ITERWORTH . LEON FRASER
ARTHUR CAPPER HOMER GAGE
BENJAMIN F. CASTLE HARRY A. GARFIELD
JAMES H. CAUSEY JoHN W. GAR.REIT
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR. EDWIN F. GAY
EMORY w. CLARK HUGH GIBSON
WILLIAM CLARK HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
CHARLES w. COLBY FRANK J. GOODNOW
HAROLD JEFFERSON Coo LIDGE
' EUGENE G. GRACE
RICHARD CRANE ~ WILLIAM GREEN
WILLIAM CROZIER ~ ROGER s. GREENE
VICTOR M. CU'ITER .! JOSEPH C. GREW ~
HENRY G. DALTON ERNEST GRUENING
MALCOLM w. DAVIS CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
F. TRUBEE DAVISON c. H. HARING
CHARLES G. DAWES SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART DANA G. MUNRO
HowARD HEINZ DENYS P. MYERS
RAPHAEL HERMAN WILLIAM A. NEILSON
CHRISTIAN A. HERTER E.G. NOURSE
HAMILTON HOLT t FREDERIC A. OGG
RICHARD M. HOOKER ' G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRUCE c. HOPPER 14 ROBERT E. OLDS
ERNEST M. HOPKINS FREDERICK H. PAYNE
STANLEY K. HORNBECK JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
CHARLES P. HOWLAND . THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
MANLEY 0. HUDSON WILLIAM PHILLIPS
HOWARD HUSTON HARLAN T. PIERPONT
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON WILLIAM B. POLAND
FRANK B. KELLOGG DE WITT C. PooLE
CARL KELSEY GUSTAVUS D. POPE
EDWIN W. KEMMERER WILLIAM COOPER PROCTER
WILLIAM L. LANGER JESSE S. REEVES
KENNETH S. LATOURETTE CHARLES J. RHOADS
DAVID LAWRENCE WILLIAM GoRHAM RICE
CHARLES K. LEITH RAYMOND T. RICH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN JOHN w. RIDDLE
A. LA WREN CE LOWELL HENRY M. ROBINSON
J. v. A. MACMURRAY Juuus RosENWALD
CONSTANTINE E. McGuIRE GEORGE RUBLEE
WALTER W. McLAREN ~ J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
EUGENE MEYER BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
DAVID HUNTER MILLER l JAMES BROWN ScoTT
A. c. MILLSPAUGH CHARLES SEYMOUR
EDWARD C. MooRE HENRY D. SHARPE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN ARCH W. SHAW
ROLAND s. MORRIS WILLIAM s. SIMS
JEREMIAH SMITH, JR.
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
JOHN F. STEVENS
w. B. STOREY
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. TOBIN
EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
RUSSELL WILSON
MATI'HEW WOLL
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
l ~
I ij I
'
BY-LAWS I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
Resident members shall be limited to four hundred in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five yeara of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those members who are regular members of tht faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $15 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum, except that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay f,10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
Ill
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected. At each annual meeting of the Council there shall be elected six Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur in its own body.
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the
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I I
COUNCIL ON
FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
~
BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS
January First, I933
45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
~w York
---,..~---.._.,,~-,', I'
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PURPOSE
T HE Council on Foreign Relations provides a continuous conference on the international aspects
of America's political, economic, and financial problems. Its membership, limited in number, is made up of men of many professions.
The Council's round-table meetings and dinners for distinguished American and foreign guests afford an opportunity for discussion of the American attitude toward current international problems.
The Council is not a trade organization and has no connection with any political party.
The Council publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, under the editorship of Hamilton Fish Armstrong. FoREIGN AFFAIRS has established itself as the most authoritative review dealing with international relations.
The Council also carries on a program of research. The research staff prepares an annual survey of the foreign relations of the United States under the editorship of Walter Lippmann, an annual political handbook of the world edited by Walter H. Mallory, and individual volumes on special international questions.
At a meeting of societies engaged in the scientific study of international relations, held in London in I929, the Council was designated as the "national center" for such organizations in the United States.
The Council maintains its own quarters at 45 East 65th Street, New York, where all its activities are centered and where its reference library is housed .
'
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
llonorary President
JOHN w. DAVIS
President
PAUL D. CRAVATH ALLEN w. DULLES
Vice-President Secretary
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON WALTER H. MALLORY
Treasurer Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring I9J3 ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY c. MITCHELL
FRANK L. POLK
Retiring I9J4 HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
ISAIAH BOWMAN WALTER LIPPMANN
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Retiring I9J5 JoHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
OTTO H. KAHN
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
OWEN D. y OUNG
....,C;'.'!~i11Q~.~,;li:,f2., ·~ 51 '"«;:S'"i"''·~··'ij·c~·'Jjf!1\);5if'wr;tfii]lif:!i!!!M+Wfyf1i*IG'~-tii,::l!™li"'ill'l:iFi::;,"l!!i:.ilil' "·:lll!t~i!J*Pilii ·i:l·'ili:'f'iill·i11i>Ofii5Jii""iilillililiii?iil' liiiilliil--lll!ll"'!!llllil!lllll--
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l/onorary l'vfernber
ELIHU RooT
Ruidmt l'vf ernbers
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
/WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
.,,,/FREDERICK H. ALLEN
\/ fRANK ALTSCHUL
/JAMES W. ANGELL
'-"HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
v GoRDON AucHINCLoss
VGEORGE P. AULD
\ EARLE BAILIE
"'H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
• ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
\, CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
' GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
\_, FLOYD G. BLAIR
' GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
v ISAIAH BOWMAN
\'' HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
DONALDSON BROWN
~·
,,/ELMER E. BROWN
~RANKLIN Q. BROWN
vJ AMES BROWN
[,,.WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
.. RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
,. CHESTER G. BURDEN
,GEORGE W. BURLEIGH
J c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
"' CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
·~. JAMES BYRNE
' ROBERT J. CALDWELL
\ WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
' CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
Louis S. CATES
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
!i'REDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
,/'CHARLES R. CRANE
t PAUL D. CRAVATH
ROBERT CRESSWELL
-- .,., R. BERNARD CRISPELL
·STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
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/F: KINGSBURY CURTIS
vFRANKLIN W. M. CuTCHEON
•"'R. FULTON CUTTING
,,- v WILLIAM NELSON DAVEY
vJoHN W. DAVIS
\<'' NORMAN H. DAVIS
~ NORMAN P. DAVIS
~>'GEORGE w. DAVISON
I>· HENRY P. DAVISON
. EDMUND E. DAY
" THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY w. DE FOREST
WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
c CLEVELAND E. DODGE
' WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
' ALLEN w. DULLES
I JOHN FOSTER DULLES
' ARTHUR DUNN
EDw ARD M. EARLE
LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
FERDINAND EBERSTADT
PHANOR J. EDER
' ABRAM I. ELKUS
./JOHN FENNELLY
FREDERICK v. FIELD
.. MARSHALL FIELD
L ROBERT M. FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
' HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
' HENRY FLETCHER
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I
,· BERNARD FLEXNER E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
"'1loMER FoLKS ;/WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
1RAYMOND B. FOSDICK l GEORGE L. HARRISON
• AusTEN G. Fox CHARLES HAYDEN
' GEORGE s. FRANKLIN I. CARLTON J. H. HAYES
• P. A. s. FRANKLIN \, CHARLES D. HAZEN
• LEOPOLD FREDRICK \ SAMUEL HEILNER
I WALTER E. FREW ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
1 Louis D. FROELICK JEROME S. HESS
)<'CARLTON P. FULLER ~ .·WALKER D. HINES
,. LEWIS GANNETT I HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
ARTHUR z. GARDINER . ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
PAUL w. GARRETT J.
' EDWARD M. HousE I
GEORGE A. GASTON /HERBERT S. HousToN
' ARTEMUS L. GATES MuNRO G. HUBBARD
\ Eow ARD R. GA v • '"DAVIDE. HUDSON
' }AMES w. GERARD I ···CHARLES E. HUGHES
WALTERS. GIFFORD I
... EDWARD H. HUME '
r s. PARKER GILBERT ,_ CLARENCE E. HUNTER
'i HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST • RoscoE H. HUPPER
SAMUEL P. GILMAN I '· HOWARD HUSTON
\ I
'~ill.I E. STANLEY GLINES \.r CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
ALBERT E. GooDHART l«~HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
F. ABBOTT GooDHUE - · WILLIAM A. !RvIN
PRENTISS N. GRAY - ..-'W1LL lRwIN
'· EVARTS B. GREENE ~-·ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
...,.. S. R. GUGGENHEIM VpIERRE }AY
v SIDNEY L. Gu LICK /'PHILIP C. JESSUP
~/ JOHN HAYS HAMMOND - i FRANK B. JEWETT
•· JoHN HENRY HAMMOND • OTTO H. KAHN
LEARNED HAND vWALTER B. KAHN
·· ~-· EDw ARD HARDING •"NICHOLAS KELLEY
HEBER R. HARPER ~-FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
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/FRED I. KENT
vFREDERICK P. KEPPEL
i WILLIAM s. KIES
,,,, WILLARD v. KING
' OswALD W. KNAUTH
VICTOR w. KNAUTH
~·THOMAS s. LAMONT
• THOMAS w. LAMONT
· JoHN G. LAYLIN
v HENRY GODDARD LEACH
t Jvy L. LEE
11 RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
' ARTHUR LEHMAN
~· HERBERT H. LEHMAN
~·· FRANK LEWISOHN
' SAM A. LEWISOHN
, SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
,. ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
\. WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
;/ EDw ARD E. LooMIS
• CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
l CLARENCE H. MACKA y
' SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
HERBERT L. MAY
CHARLES S. McCAIN
WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
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,,/v ANcE c. McCoRMicK
• ]AMES G. McDONALD
1 · JAMES H. McGRA w
1- SAMUEL McRoBERTS
' NELSON P. MEAD
l v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
~ 'JOHN L. MERRILL
l HERMAN A. METZ
\. CHARLES F. MEYER
v ALBERT G. MILBANK
.. WALTER MILLIS
~/HENRY E. MILLS
~-OGDEN L. MILLS
•• CLARK H. MINOR
v CHARLES E. MITCHELL
\.WESLEY c. MITCHELL
I.PAUL MONROE
; GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
i PARKER T. MooN
vJ. D. MOONEY
··HENRY s. MORGAN
' SHEPARD MORGAN
.-··HENRY MoRGENTHAU
.... ;, VERNON MUNROE
~.GEORGE MURNANE
PHILIP c. NASH
ALLAN NEVINS
~ HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
'· MoRGAN J. O'BRIEN
~·FREDERICK OSBORN
\ WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
t WILLIAM H. OSBORN
~ LoY ALL A. Os BORNE
~ /~·-"
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./ARTHUR w. PAGE
•'GEORGE B. PARKER
j GEOFFREY PARSONS
~· RICHARD c. PATTERSON, JR.
CHARLES s. PAYSON
.. /JAMES H. PERKINS
" LESTER w. PERRIN
p ALMER E. PIERCE
\ GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
• FRANCIS T. P. PLIMPTON
"'· FRANK L. POLK
ALLAN M. POPE
.:..-J~MEs H. PosT
,·WILSON M. POWELL
l JOHN A. POYNTON
' HAROLD I. PRATT
' HENRY s. PRITCHETT
' MICHAEL I. PUPlN
I WILLIAM L. RANSOM
• ALBERT RATHBONE
vTHOMAS THORNTON READ
ROLAND L. REDMOND
( LANSING P. REED
I GORDON s. RENTSCHLER
' A. HAMILTON RICE
F. BAYARD RIVES
HOWARD c. ROBBINS
GEORGE ROBERTS
OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JRD
LINDSA y ROGERS
HAROLD J. Row
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v· GEORGE EMLEN ROOSEVELT
1-·NicHOLAs RoosEVELT
JaMEs N. RosENBERG
VRALPH s. ROUNDS
....... P. A. ROWLEY
~-··BEARDSLEY RuML \.•
·""'· How ARD J. SACHS
. w ALTER E. SACHS
i..· MEL VIN E. SA WIN
L J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO
\/FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
•. ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
ROBERT P. SCRIPPS
I- WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
• EUSTACE SELIGMAN
l ALBERT SHAW
' WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
~· WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
.. ~ALBERT SHIELS
~-·WILLIAM H. SHORT
~ ]AMES T. SHOTWELL
I JOHN L. SIMPSON
vFRANCIS H. SISSON
ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR.
\.·GEORGE A. SLOAN
JAMES R. SLOANE
]AMES SPEYER
l J. EDw ARD SPURR
HAROLD STANLEY
'· ALBERT w. STAUB
' JOSEPH E. STERRETT
~
v WALTER w. STEWART
l< HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
I CHARLES A. STONE
' JESSE ISIDOR STRAUS
' PERCY s. STRAUS
ROBERT K. STRAUS
\. , FREDERICK STRAUSS
,, LEWIS L. STRAUSS
\., SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
~ JOSEPH R. Sw AN
CHESTER 0. Sw AIN
GERARD SwoPE
• HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
" HENRY w. TAFT
~,A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
' GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
l, HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
'-' RoY E. ToMLINSON
I.· CLARE M. TORREY
,, WALTERS. TowER
J. C. TRAPHAGEN
JUAN T. TRIPPE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
1. OswALD GARRISON VILLARD
MARTIN VoGEL
ELISHA w ALKER
RicHARD J. WALSH
• FELIX M. WARBURG
' FREDERICK M. WARBURG
v'']AMES P. WARBURG
lj'/HARRY E. WARD
~; 'ALLEN WARDWELL
THOMAS J. WATSON
• VANDERBILT WEBB
MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
~, GEORGE WHITNEY
,, , ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
'" GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
..,- ;.,' LINSLY R. WILLIAMS
Lucrns WILMERDING, JR.
' GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP
I, HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN C. WRIGHT
, OWEN D. y OUNG
111
Non-Resident Members
1/WILLIS J. ABBOT
~ '"'JOHN JAY ABBOTT
-~ ~ RUDOLPH L. AGASSIZ
w ALLACE M. ALEXANDER
"=- FREDERICK M. ALGER
\.JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL
VNEWTON D. BAKER
c RAY STANNARD BAKER
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
I GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs BLISS
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
MARK L. BRISTOL
I PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
-~I }AMES B. BRUCE
JoHN STEWART BR.YAN
\.ARTHUR CAPPER
' }AMES H. CAUSEY
ZECHARIAH.CHAFEE, JR.
I EMORY w. CLARK
' WILLIAM CLARK
I CHARLES w. COLBY
I. HAROLD JEFFERSON Coo LIDGE
JOHN GARDNER Coo LIDGE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
~- l VICTOR M. CUTTER
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
•,l
v-·MALCOLM w. DAVIS
... CHARLES G. DA WES
VCLIVE DAY
-~'TYLER DENNETT
~·HENRY s. DENNISON
W. B. DoNHAM
\.--LA WREN CE DUGGAN
......C~ARLES K. EDMUNDS
WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
I/MAX FARRAND
.. SIDNEY B. FAY
~- HERBERT FEIS
. EDWARD A. FILENE
I HENRY P. FLETCHER
• •' MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
v w. CAMERON FORBES
....-·FELIX FRANKFURTER
v ~LEON FRASER
.. HOMER GAGE
' HARR y A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
" HUGH GIBSON
\,-.-EuGENE G. GRACE
u. GRANT-SMITH
• WILLIAM GREEN
~/JEROME D. GREENE
' ROGER s. GREENE
' JOSEPH C. GREW
i ERNEST GRUENING
WILLIAM B. HALE
·1
, .. CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
""c. H. HARING
vSAMUEL N. HARPER
t-FRANCIS R. HART 1 How ARD HEINZ
<···RAPHAEL HERMAN
~. CHRISTIAN A. HERTER
..... HAMILTON HoLT
le- BRUCE c. HOPPER
\ .. ERNEST M. HOPKINS
L STANLEY K. HORNBECK
' MANLEY o. HUDSON
v'B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
. FRANK B. KELLOGG
l CARL KELSEY
I EDWIN w. KEMMERER
WILLIAM L. LANGER
I KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
DAVID LA WREN CE
I CHARLES K. LEITH
w ALTER LICHTENSTEIN
A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
• CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
ANDREW w. MELLON
EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
A. c. MILLSPAUGH
PETER MOLYNEAUX
EDWARD C. MooRE
~-'ARTHUR E. MORGAN
(,.• DANA G. MUNRO /
/DENYS P. MYERS
\ WILLIAM A. NEILSON
E.G. NOURSE
' FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRADLEY w. PALMER
v-GEORGE FosTER PEABODY
l-· JOSIAH H. PENNIMAN
, .. THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
' WILLIAM PHILLIPS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
1 DE WITT C. PooLE
WILLIAM COOPER PROCTER
;. ·· JESSE S. REEVES
t CHARLES J. RHOADS
"' " WILLIAM GoRHAM R1cE
' RAYMOND T. RICH
JOHN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
" ARTHUR SACHS
c i J. HENRY SCATTERGOOD
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
., JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
ARCH w. SHAW
WILLIAM s. SIMS
\, FREDERICO STALLFORTH
_ vw. B. SToREY
L SILAS H. STRAWN
'., ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
' RICHARD M. TOBIN
ELIOT WADSWORTH
t EDMUND A. WALSH
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANlEL WILLARD
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
l QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
I~
BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
Resident members shall be limited to four hundred in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $15 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum, except that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected. At each annual meeting of the Council there shall be elected six Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur in its own body.
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the
activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall have been stated in the notice convening the meeting.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be represented by proxy.
v The Board may constitute such committees of the Council as
may from time to time be required, including an Executive Committee, a Finance and Budget Committee, a Membership Committee, and a Resea~h ·committee.
The Finance and Budget Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall have general supervision of the investment of the funds of the Council and of its financial affairs, and shall present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In connection with the preparation of the budget, it shall be the duty of this Committee to allocate charges to the various departments and activities of the Council.
The Membership Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall report at each regular meeting of the Board on all nominations for membership. The Membership Committee shall also act as a nominating committee to present names for officers and committee members at the annual meeting of the Board of Directors.
The Research Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. The Committee shall have power to co-opt two additional members, who need not necessarily be members of the Board of Directors. All suggestions relating to matters of research shall be referred to it, and it shall be responsible for the initiation of research projects. The Research Committee shall submit a report of its activities in writing at the annual meeting of the Board.
VI
The officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
I I
The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the Board of Directors.
The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation. The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the cor
poration, and shall keep its records.
vu The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or
Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VUI
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or shall be invested by the Finance and Budget Committee. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and either the Executive Director or the Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the case of funds of FoREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the Executive Director or the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
IX The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held
after the annual meeting of the Council and not later than November 15th. A majority of the Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors.
x These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting or circulated in writing to the members of the Board not less than five days in advance.
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
President
NORMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
DIRECTORS
Retiring 1934 HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
ISAIAH BOWMAN WALTER LIPPMANN
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON
JoHN W. DAv1s
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
OTTo H. KAHN
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
Retiring 1935 GEORGEW. WICKERSHAM
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
OWEN D. YoUNG
Retiring 1936
RUSSELL C. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MAY
WESLEY C. MITCHELL
FRANK L. PoLK
"
Honorary Member
ELIHU RooT
Resident '!vlembers
HARRY M. AoDINSELL
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JAMES w. ANGELL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GoRDON AucHINCLoss
GEORGE P. AuLD
JULES s. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FOSTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JoHN G. BERGQUIST
SAMUEL R. BERTRON
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
IsAIAH BowMAN
CARTER M. BRAXTON
HENRY c. BRECK
KENT BROMLEY
DONALDSON BROWN
ELMER E. BROWN
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN
}AMES BROWN
WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL
CHESTER G. BURDEN
GEORGE w. BURLEIGH
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM
}AMES BYRNE
ROBERT J. CALDWELL
WILLIAM B. CAMPBELL
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY
CASS CANFIELD
NEWCOMB CARLTON
ALEXIS A. CARREL
EDWARD c. CARTER
WALTER s. CASE
}AMES H. CAUSEY
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
MARTIN CONBOY
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
FREDERIC R. CouDERT
FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR.
.;
CHAR.LES R. CRANE
PAUL D. CRAVATH
ROBERT CRESSWELL
STUART M. CROCKER
PATRICK E. CROWLEY
F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
FRANKLIN w. M. CUTCHEON
R. FULTON CUTTING
JoHN W. DAv1s
NORMAN H. DAVIS
NORMAN P. DAVIS
GEORGE w. DAVISON
HENRY P. DAVISON
EDMUND E. DAY
THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
HENRY w. DE FOREST
WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
CLEVELAND E. DODGE
WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
JOHN FOSTER DULLES
EDWARD M. EARLE
LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
FERDINAND EBER.STADT
PHANOR J. EDER
ABRAM I. ELKUS
JOHN FENNELLY
FREDERICK v. FIELD
MARSHALL FIELD
JoHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
HENRY FLETCHER
HOMER FOLKS
RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
GEORGE s. FRANKLIN
P.A. s. FRANKLIN
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
Louis D. FROELICK
CARLTON P. FULLER
LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. G.UDINKM.
PAUL w. GAR.RKTT
GEORGE A. GAs·roN
ARTEMUS L. GATES
EDWARD R. GAY
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTER s. GIFFORD
S. PARKER GILBERT
HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
F. ABBOTT GOODHUE
PRENTiss N. GRAY
WILLIAM s. GRAY, JR.
EVARTS B. GREENE
PETER GRIMM
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
JOHN HAYS HAMMOND
JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
LEARNED HAND
HEBER R. HARPER
E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
<f>,
WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HARRISON
CHARLES HAYDEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
SAMUEL HEILNER
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
JEROME S. HESS
WALKER D. HINES
HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
Ht:Ru:RT S. HousTON
DAVIDE. HtJDSON
CHARJ.1-:s E. HuoHF.S
EDWARD H. ]·foME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
HENRY R. lcKELHEIMER
RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
ARTHUR CURTISS JAMES
PIERRE JAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
ROBERT WooD JoHNSON
Orro H. KAHN
WALTER B. KAHN
NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM S. Krns
WILLARD v. KING
ALLEN T. KLOTS WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
OswALD W. KNAUTH VANCE C. McCORMICK
VICTOR w. KNAUTH }AMES G. McDONALD
RoGERS S. LAMONT Ross A. McFARLAND
THOMAS s. LAMONT SAMUEL McRoBERTS
THOMAS w. LAMONT NELSON P. MEAD
FRED LAVIS
\ v AN s. MERLE-SMITH
JoHN G. LAYLIN . JOHN L. MERRILL
Ivy L. LEE HERMAN A. METZ
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL ~ CHARLES F. MEYER
ARTHUR LEHMAN ALBERT G. MILBANK
-HERBERT H. LEHMAN
WALTER MILLIS
FRANK LEWISOHN HEN.RY E. MILLS
SAM A. LEWISOHN OGDEN L. MILLS
c. BAI LIHME CLARK H. MINOR
SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY WESLEY c. MITCl-JELL
WALTER LIPPMANN WILLIAM D. MrrcHEl.L
FREDERICK J. LISMAN PA\JL MoNa.ot-:
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON GILBERT H. MoN'l'A<lUE
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH PARKER T. MooN
EDw ARD E. LooMIS J. D. MooNEY
ROBERT F. LOREE V1cTOR MoRAWETZ
HENRY R. LucE HENRY s. MORGAN
J. C. LUITWEILER SHEPARD MORGAN
CHARLES s. MACFARLAND "'J STOKELY w. MORGAN
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST HENRY MoRGENTHAU
WALTER H. MALLORY GEORGE MURNANE
' Louis C. MARBURG ' EDWARD R. MURROW
ALFRED E. MARLING ALLAN NEVINS
HIRAM A. MATHEWS HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
GEORGE 0. MAY
I MoRGAN J. O'BRIEN
HERBERT L. MAY JOHN E. ORCHARD
CHARLES S. McCAIN FREDERICK OSBORN
WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN LELAND REX ROBINSON
WILLIAM H. OSBORN JoHN D. RocKEFELLER, JRD
LOYALL A. OSBORNE LINDSAY ROGERS
ARTHUR. w. PAGE HAROLD J. RoIG
GEORGE B. PARKER GEORGE EMLEN RoosEVELT
GEOFFREY PARSONS
I NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT
RICHARD C. PATTERSON, JR. RALPH M. ROOSEVELT
CHARLES s. PAYSON . JAMES N. ROSENBERG
NATHANIEL PEFFER f RALPH S. Rou NDS
JAMES H. PERKINS BEARDSLEY RuML
LESTER w. PERRIN MELVIN E. SAWIN
PALMER E. PIERCE J. SAL WYN SCHAPIRO
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
FRANCIS T. P. PLIMPTON ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
FRANK L. POLK
I ROBERT P. SCRIPPS
ALLAN M. POPE WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
JAMES H. PosT Louis H. SEAGRAVE
WILSON M. POWELL E. R. A. SELIGMAN
JoHN A. PoYNTON EUSTACE SELIGMAN
HAROLD I. PRATT ALBERT SHAW
HENRY s. PRITCHETT HAROLD F. SHEETS
MICHAEL I. PUPIN WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
WILLIAM L. RANSOM WILLIAM R. SHEPHERD
ALBERT RATHBONE ALBERT SHIELS
THOMAS THORNTON READ '.! WILLIAM H. SHORT
ROLAND L. REDMOND ,t JAMES T. SHOTWEI.L
LANSING P. REED
} JOHN L. SIMPSON
GORDON S. RENTSCHLER ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR.
A. HAMILTON RICE GEORGE A. SLOAN
F. BAYARD RIVES JAMES R. SLOANE
HOWARD c. ROBBINS H. ALEXANDER SMITH
GEORGE ROBERTS KENNETH M. SPENCE
OWEN F. ROBERTS JAMES SPEYER
HAROLD STANLEY
ALBERT w. STAUB
SIEGFRIED ·STERN
JOSEPH E. STERRETT
WALTER w. STEWART
HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE lsmoR STRAUS
PERCY s. STRAUS
RALPH I. STRAUS
ROBERT K. STRAUS
FREDERICK. STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSK.Y
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGEll
JosEPH R. SwAN
CHESTER 0. SWAIN
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
HENRYW. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
HARRY B. THAYER
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
CLARE M. TORREY
WALTERS. TowER
J. C. TRAPHAGEN
Jt'AN T. TRIPPE
ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
PHILIP D. WAGONER
ELISHA WALKER
RICHARD J. WALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
FREDERICK M. WARBURG
JAMES P. WARBURG
HARRY E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
EDWARD P. WARNER
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
GEORGE WHITNEY
ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
Louis WILEY
JOHN H. WILLIAMS
LUCIUS WILMERDING
LUCIUS WILMERDING, JR.
HERBERT E. WINLOCK
GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP
HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
LEO WOLMAN
CLARENCE M. WOOLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
C. WILLARD YOUNG, JR.
OwEN D. YouNG
Non-Resident Members
WILLIS J. ABBOT
WALLACE M. ALEXANDER
JAMES ROWLAND ANGELL
EARLE B. BABCOCK
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAK.ER
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT Wooos BLISS
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
MARK I .. BRISTOL
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR.
WILLIAM CLARK.
CHARLES w. COLBY
}AMES B. CONANT
HAROLD J E~'FERSON Coo LIDGE
RICHARD CRANE
WILLIAM CROZIER
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
HAROLD "vV. DoDDS
w. B. DONHAM
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
ARTHUR DUNN
CHARLES K. EDMUNDS
WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FAY
HERBERT FEIS
EDw ARD A. FI LENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
w. CAMERON FORBES
AUSTEN G. Fox FELIX FRANK.:lo'URTER
LEON FRASER
J. WILSON FURNESS
HOMER GAGE
HARRY A. GARFIELD
JOHN W. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HUGH GIBSON
J. STEELE Gow
EUGENE G. GRACE
u. GRANT-SMITH
WILLIAM GREEN
JEROME D. GREENE
ROGER s. G.a.EENE
JOSEPH c. GREW
ERNEST GRUENING
WILLIAM B. HALE
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
FRANCIS s. HARMON
SAMUEL N. HARPER
FRANCIS R. HART
How ARD HEINZ
ARTHUR J. HEPBURN
HAMILTON HoLT
BRUCE c. HOPPER
ERNEST M. HoPKINS
STANLEY K. HORNBECK
MANLEY 0. HuDsoN
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
'FRANK. B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN W. KEMMERER
STAN LEY KING
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH S. LATOURETTE
DAVID LAWRENCE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
WILLIAM E. LINGELBACH
A. LA WREN CE LOWELL
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
CoNSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
ELIOT G. MEARS
ANDREW w. MELLON
EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
PETER MOLYNEAUX
EDWARD c. MOORE
ARTHUR E. MORGAN
DAVE HENNEN MORRIS
DANA G. MUNRO
DENYS P. MYERS
PHILIP c. NASH
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
DENNIS E. NOLAN
E.G. NOURSE
FREDERIC A. OGG
G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRADLEY w. PALMER
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE WITT c. POOLE
WILLIAM v. PRATT
WILLIAM CooPER PROCTER
} ESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
RAYMOND T. RICH
JoHN W. RIDDLE
HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
ARTHUR SACHS
FREDERIC M. SACKETT
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
}AMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
GEORGE s. SIMONDS
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
R1cHARD M. ToBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT WADSWORTH
EDMUND A. WALSH
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALI.EN WHITt:
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
-------------------------~
BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
Resident members shall be limited to four hundred in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, and who shall be citizens of the U.S. A.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $I5 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum, except that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected. At each annual meeting of the Council there shall be elected six Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur in its own body.
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the
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COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
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BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS
january First, I9J5
45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
New Tor~ (
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PURPOSE
THE Council on Foreign Relations is a non-par-tisan and non-commercial organization studying
the international aspects of America's political, economic, and financial problems. It is not a trade organization and has no connection with any political party. Its membership is composed of men of many professions, with a variety of interests and views.
The Council holds meetings and conferences. It also carries on a program of research and publication.
The Council publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, which has established itself as the most authoritative journal dealing with international relations.
The research staff of the Council prepares an annual survey of the foreign relations of the United States, an annual political handbook of the world, and individual volumes on special international questions.
The Council maintains a reference library in charge of a competent staff.
At a meeting of societies engaged in the scientific study of international relations held in London in 1929, the Council was designated as the "National Center" for the United States.
The Council House is at 45 East 65th Street, New York, where all the organization's activities are centered.
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OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
Honorary President
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
President
NoRMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JOHN W. DAVIS
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
DIRECTORS
Retiring 19J5
GEORGE W. WICKERSHAM
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
OwEN D. YouNo
Retiring 1936
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MA y
FRANK L. POLK
Retiring 1937
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NoRMAN H. DAVIS
ISAIAH BOWMAN WALTER LIPPMANN
PAUL D. CRAVATH WHITNEYH. SHEPARDSON
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Honorary Member
ELIHU RooT
Resident Members
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
/WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FREDERICK H. ALLEN
..,,. FRANK ALTSCHUL
CHARLES B. AMES
" ]AMES w. ANGELL
;.. HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GEORGE P. AULD
v-J ULES S. BACHE
v' EARLE BAILIE
'' H. FOSTER BAIN
;. GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FoREST BALDWIN
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
JOSEPH BARNES
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CHARLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMOS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
]AMES G. BLAINE
vFLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
; ROBERT DE F. BOOMER
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"'IsAIAH BowMAN : . ~CHARLES R. CRANE r · ··~ I ' l
SPRUILLE BRADEN !· PAUL D. CRAVATH i ~ CARTER M. BRAXTON ' ROBERT CRESSWELL l l HENRY c. BRECK • STUART M. CROCKER '
GEORGE P. BRETT, JR. ' PATRICK E. CROWLEY
DONALDSON BROWN F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
1 FRANKLIN Q. BROWN JOHN W. DAVIS
}AMES BROWN NORMAN H. DAVIS
' REV. WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN NORMAN P. DAVIS
P. F. BRUNDAGE 'GEORGE w. DAVISON
RAYMOND LESLIE BUELL I HENRY P. DAVISON
. CHESTER G. BURDEN EDMUND E. DAY
GEORGE w. BURLEIGH ELI WHITNEY DEBEVOISE
c. CHARLES BURLINGAME . THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM 'HENRY W. DE FOREST
}AMES BYRNE WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
ROBERT J. CALDWELL ' RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY CLEVELAND E. DoDGE
CASS CANFIELD WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
ALEXIS A. CARREL LEWIS w. DOUGLAS
ARTHUR H. CARTER
EDWARD c. CARTER
WALTER s. CASE
THOMAS L. CHADBOURNE
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE
JosEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN
EVANS CLARK
STEPHEN c. CLARK
MARTIN CONBOY
CHRISTOPHER F. COOMBS
FREQERIC R. CouDERT
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·.STEPHEN P. DuGGAN
' ALLEN w. DULLES
, JoHN FosTER DuLLES
'-'EDWARD M. EARLE
'-LUCIUS R. EASTMAN
c FERDINAND EBERSTADT
l PHANOR J. EDER
I ABRAM I. ELKUS
>·FREDERICK v. FIELD
MARSHALL FIELD
ROBERT M. FIELD
THOMAS K. FINLETTER
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' HENRY FLETCHER
' HOMER FOLKS
. RAYMOND B. FOSDICK
WALDO FRANK
vP, A. S. FRANKLIN
c LEOPOLD FREDRICK
'.WALTER E. FREW
'.CARLTON P. FULLER
' LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
'PAUL W. GARRETT
I GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
]AMES w. GERARD
WALTERS. G1rroRD
s. PARKER GILBERT
' SAMUEL P. GILMAN
• E. STANLEY GLINES
1 F. ABBOTT GooDHUE
PRENTISS N. GRA y
WILLIAM s. GRAY, JR.
ALAN GREGG
/PETER GRIMM
. ERNEST GRUENING
HARRY F. GUGGENHEIM
,,,lS. R. GUGGENHEIM
"'] OHN HAYS HAMMOND
. JoHN HENRY HAMMOND
\ LEARNED HAND
' HEBER R. HARPER
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L WILLIAM A. HARRIMAN
,, GEORGE L. HARRISON
CHARLES HAYDEN
> CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. HAZEN
ALEXANDER I. HENDERSON
JEROME S. HESS
NORMAN HICKMAN
' HAROLD K. HocHSCHILD
v ALANSON B. HOUGHTON
EDWARD M. HousE
' HERBERT S. HousTON
HERBERT P. HOWELL
DAVIDE. HUDSON
CHARLES E. HUGHES
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HuPPER
! CHARLES CHENEY HYDE
>RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
!,. ARTHUR CURTISS }AMES
\ PIERRE JAY
l PHILIP C. JESSUP
RoBERT WooD JoHNSON
WALTER B. KAHN
. NICHOLAS KELLEY
FREDERIC R. KELLOGG
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM S. Krns
WILLARD v. KING
JoHN A. KINGSBURY
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VICTOR w. KNAUTH
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THOMAS W. LAMONT
FRED LAVIS
JoHN G. LAYLIN
RUSSELL c. LEFFINGWELL
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
c. BAI LIHME
SAMUEL McCUNE LINDSAY
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
EDw ARD E. LooMIS
ROBERT F. LOREE
HENRY R. LucE
J.C. LUITWEILER
REV. CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
· WALTER H. MALLORY
Louis C. MARBURG
ALFRED E. MARLING
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
]AMES G. McDONALD
Ross A. McFARLAND
NELSON P. MEAD
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' CHARLES F. MEYER
ALBERT G. MILBANK
WALTER MILLIS
OGDEN L. MILLS
,_ CLARK H. MINOR
' WESLEY c. MITCHELL
WILLIAM D. MITCHELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
PARKER T. MooN
J. D. MooNEY
V1cToR MoRA WETZ
HENRY s. MORGAN
SHEPARD MORGAN
• STOKELY w. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
GEORGE MURNANE
EDWARD R. MURROW
GEORGE N EBOLSINE
ALLAN NEVINS
• HENRY KITTREDGE NoRTON
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
IRVING S. Ows JOHN E. ORCHARD
FREDERICK OSBORN
\ WILLIAM CHURCH OSBORN
WILLIAM H. OSBORN
LOYALL A. OSBORNE
ARTHUR w. PAGE
! GEORGE B. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
RICHARD C. p ATTERSON, JR,
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RALPH I. STRAUS / HARRY E. WARD
~ ROBERT K. STRAUS ,,_ALLEN WARDWELL
FREDERICK STRAUSS . EDWARD P. WARNER
LEWIS L. STRAUSS t THOMAS J. WATSON
SIMEON STRUNSKY ! VANDERBILT WEBB
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER >MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
JOSEPH R. Sw AN FRANCIS WHITE .
CHESTER 0. SWAIN ' GEORGE WHITNEY
GERARD SwoPE WILLIAM D. WHITNEY
' HERBERT BAYARD SWOPE . ARNOLD WHITRIDGE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
HENRY w. TAFT • Louis WILEY
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR . JOHN H. WILLIAMS
CARL TAYLOR I LUCIUS WILMERDING
GRAHAM R. TAYl.OR · Lucius WILMERDING, JR.
MYRON c. TAYLOR \ HERBERT E. WINLOCK
THOMAS D. THACHER GARRARD B. WINSTON
HARRY ll. THAYER ' BRONSON WINTHROP
EUGENE P. THOMAS .. . HENRY ROGERS WINTHROP
JAMES A. THOMAS LEO WOLMAN
'. RoY E. ToMLINSON " i CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
WALTER s. TOWER • BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
. J. c. TRAPHAGEN ' C. WILLARD YOUNG, JR,
}UAN T. TRIPPE . / OWEN D. y OUNG
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\ ARTHUR c. VEATCH
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l GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs BLiss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ADMIRAL MARK L. BRISTOL
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR.
WILLIAM CLARK
w. L. CLAYTON
CHARLES w. COLBY
JAMES B. CONANT
RICHARD CRANE
i.. GENERAL WILLIAM CROZIER
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DA VIS
CHARLES G. DA WES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
HAROLD W. DoDDS
W. B. DONHAM
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
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WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
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\, EDw ARD A. FILENE
' HENRY P. FLETCHER
i MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
' w. CAMERON FORBES
·~ , AusTEN G. Fox
' FELIX FRANKFURTER
LEON FRASER
I J. WILSON FURNESS
HOMER GAGE
I· HARRY A. GARFIELD
· JoHN W. GARRETT
l EDWIN F. GAY
. HUGH GIBSON
~· HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
'· J. STEELE Gow
~ EUGENE G. GRACE
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WILLIAM GREEN
JEROME D. GREENE
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH c. GREW
WILLIAM B. HALE
CHAUNCEY J. HAMLIN
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ADMIRAL ARTHUR J. HEPBURN
1 HAMILTON HoLT
BRUCE c. HOPPER
' ERNEST M. HOPKINS
""' STANLEY K. HORNBECK
• MANLEY 0. HUDSON
'HowARD HusTON
i. B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
J. HUGH JACKSON
'• FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
STANLEY KING
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
' WILLIAM L. LANGER
' KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
~ DAVID LAWRENCE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
WILLIAM E. LINGELBACH
A. LA WREN CE Low ELL
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
LINCOLN MAcVEAGH
vWILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
CONSTANTINE E. McGu1RE
WALTER W. McLAREN
ELIOT G. MEARS
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I DAVID HUNTER MILLER
FRANCIS P. MILLER
J. PIERREPONT MOFFAT
PETER MoL YNEAUX
,, EDWARD c. MOORE
._ARTHUR E. MoRGAN
""DAVE HENNEN MORRIS
RALPH w. MORRISON
l DANA G. MUNRO
" DENYS P. MYERS
.. ' PHILIP c. NASH
V' WILLIAM A. NEILSON
MEREDITH NICHOLSON
~·GENERAL DENNIS E. NOLAN
~ E.G. NOURSE
i FREDERIC A. OGG
RT. REV. G. ASHTON OLDHAM 1 BRADLEY w. PALMER
GEORGE FOSTER PEABODY
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
' GENERAL p ALMER E. PIERCE
' HARLAN T. PIERPONT
' WILLIAM B. PoLAND
DE WITT C. PooLE
ADMIRAL WILLIAM v. PRATT
JESSE s. REEVES
' CHARLES J. RHOADS
RAYMOND T. RICH
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HENRY M. ROBINSON
GEORGE RUBLEE
FREDERIC M. SACKETT
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
, JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
[., HENRY D. SHARPE
i GENERAL GEORGE s. SIMONDS
ROBERT P. SKINNER
NICHOLAS J. SPYKMAN
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
' FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. ToBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT WADSWORTH
REV. EDMUND A. WALSH
ALEXANDER W. WEDDELL
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
Resident members shall be limited to four hundred in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
Non-resident members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board of Directors in its discretion may elect honorary members.
II
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $15 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum, except that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay '$10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or semi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected. At each annual meeting of the Council there shall be elected six Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur in its own body. A Director absent from meetings of the Board for a period of two successive years shall be considered to have submitted his resignation from the Board.
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this
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meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board of 1
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activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council executive direction of the corporation. in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the have been stated in the notice convening the meeting. Board of Directors.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a The Treasurer shall have custody of the funds of the corporation. quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be repre- > The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the cor-sented by proxy. poration, and shall keep its records.
v The Board may constitute such committees of the Council as
may from time to time be required, including an Executive Committee, a Finance and Budget Committee, a Membership Committee, and a Research Committee.
The Finance and Budget Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall have general supervision of the investment of the funds of the Council and of its financial affairs, and shall present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In connection with the preparation of the budget, it shall be the duty of this Committee to allocate charges to the various departments and activities of the Council.
The Membership Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall report at each regular meeting of the Board on all nominations for membership. The Membership Committee shall also act as a nominating committee to present names for officers and committee members at the annual meeting of the Board of Directors.
The Research Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. The Committee shall have power to co-opt two additional members, who need not necessarily be members of the Board of Directors. All suggestions relating to matters of research shall be referred to it, and it shall be responsible for the initiation of research projects. The Research Committee shall submit a report of its activities in writing at the annual meeting of the Board.
VI
The officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer; who shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors.
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VII
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VIII
The funds of the corporation and of FOREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or shall be invested by the Finance and Budget Committee. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and either the Executive Director or the Editor of FOREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the case of funds of FoREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the Executive Director or the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
IX
The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held after the annual meeting of the Council and not later than November 15th. Seven Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors.
x These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given at a previous meeting or circulated in writing to the members of the Board not less than five days in advance.
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE COUNCIL
FoREIGN AFFAIRS, an American Quarterly Review, edited by Hamilton Fish Armstrong. $5.00 a year.
SuRVEY OF AMERICAN FoREIGN RELATIONS, prepared under the direction of Charles P. Howland. Volumes for I928, I929, 1930 and 1931. $5.00 each.
THE UNITED STATES IN WORLD AFFAIRS (annual). An account of American Foreign Relations prepared by Walter Lippmann with the assistance of the research staff of the Council on Foreign Relations. Volumes for 1931, 1932 and 1933. $.J.oo· each.
PoLITICAL HANDBOOK. OF THE WoRLD (annual), edited by Walter H. Mallory. $2.jO.
FOREIGN AFFAIRS BIBLIOGRAPHY. I9I9-I932, by William L. Langer and Hamilton Fish Armstrong. $5.00.
THE FoREIGN PoLICY OF THE POWERS, by Jules Cambon, Richard von Kuhlmann, Sir Austen Chamberlain, Dino Grandi, Viscount Ishii, Karl Radek, John W. Davis. $I.Jo.
ORES AND INDUSTRY IN SouTH AMERICA, by H. Foster Bain and Thomas Thornton Read. $J.JO.
ORES AND INDUSTRY IN THE FAR EAsT, by H. Foster Bain (revised and enlarged edition). $J.OO.
THE RECOVERY OF GERMANY, by James W. Angell (second printing). $1.00.
EuROPE: THE WoRLD's BANK.ER, I870-I914, by Herbert Feis (second printing). $5.00.
DIRECTORY OF AMERICAN AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIR_s, compiled by Ruth Savard. $r.75.
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COUNCIL ON .. FOREIGN RELATIONS, INc.
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BY-LAWS
WITH A
LIST OF OFFICERS & MEMBERS
January FirJt, I936
II 45 EAST SIXTY-FIFTH STREET
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PURPOSE
THE Council on Foreign Relations is a non-par-tisan and non-commercial organization studying
the international aspects of America's political, economic, and financial problems. It is not a trade organization and has no connection with any political party. Its membership is composed of men of many professions, with a variety of interests and views.
The Council holds meetings and conferences. It also carries on a program of research and publication.
The Council publishes the quarterly review, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, which has established itself as the most authoritative journal dealing with international relations.
The research staff of the Council prepares an annual survey of the foreign relations of the United States, an annual political handbook of the world, and individual volumes on special international questions.
The Council maintains a reference library in charge of a competent staff.
At a meeting of societies engaged in the scientific study of international relations held in London in 1929, the Cc uncil was designated as the "National Center" for the United States.
The Council House is at 45 East 65th Street, New York, where all the organization's activities are centered.
~~~~*~·
OFFICERS
ELIHU RooT
ll onorary President
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
President
NoRMAN H. DAVIS
Vice-President
ALLEN w. DULLES
Secretary
EDWIN F. GAY
Vice-President
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Treasurer
WALTER H. MALLORY
Executive Director
ALLEN w. DULLES
EDWIN F. GAY
PHILIP C. JES SUP
DIRECTORS
Retiring 1936
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
GEORGE 0. MA y
FRANK L. PoLK
Retiring 1937
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG NORMAN H. DAVIS
IsAIAH BowMAN
PAUL D. CRAVATH
FRANK ALTSCHUL
JoHN W. DAVIS
HAROLD W. DoDDS
w ALTER LIPPMANN
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
Retiring I938
STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
OWEN D. y OUNG
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llonorary !11ember
ELIHU RooT
Resident !11embers
HARRY M. ADDINSELL
WINTHROP w. ALDRICH
FRANK ALTSCHUL
]AMES w. ANGELL
HAMILTON FISH ARMSTRONG
GEORGE P. Auw
JuLEs S. BACHE
EARLE BAILIE
H. FosTER BAIN
GEORGE F. BAKER
HENRY DE FOREST BALDWIN
ARTHUR A. BALLANTINE
JOSEPH BARNES
ADRIAAN J. BARNOUW
CH4RLES c. BATCHELDER
CHARLES c. BAUER
GERALD F. BEAL
AMQS L. BEATY
NEAL Dow BECKER
SosTHENES BEHN
H. E. BENEDICT
JOHN G. BERGQUIST
]AMES G. BLAINE
FLOYD G. BLAIR
GEORGE BLUMENTHAL
ROBERT DEF. BOOMER
JOSEPH A. BOWER
SPR,UILLE BRADEN
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CARTER M. BRAXTON ' PAUL D. CRAVATH I
ROBERT CRE.SSWELL HENRY c. BRECK
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GEORGE P. BRETT, JR. STUART M. CROCKER
DoNALDSON BROWN PATRICK E. CROWLEY
FRANKLIN Q. BROWN F. KINGSBURY CURTIS
REV. WILLIAM ADAMS BROWN JOHN w. DAVIS
PERCIVAL F. BRUNDAGE NoRMAN H. DAVIS
RAYMOND LESLIE Bu ELL NORMAN P. DAVIS
ARTHUR H. BuNKER GEORGE w. DAVISON
CHESTER G. BURDEN HENRY P. DAVISON
C. CHARLES BURLINGAME EDMUND E. DA y
CHARLES c. BURLINGHAM ELI WHITNEY DEBEVOISE
]AMES BYRNE THOMAS M. DEBEVOISE
RoBERT J. CALDWELL HE~RY w. DE FOREST
H. DONALD CAMPBELL WILLIAM ADAMS DELANO
HENRY SEIDEL CANBY •· RAOUL E. DESVERNINE
.... 1 CASS CANFIELD JOHN DICKINSON
ALEXIS A. CARREL CLEVELAND E. DODGE
ARTHUR H. CARTER WILLIAM J. DONOVAN
EDWARD c. CARTER GoLDTHW AITE H. Do RR
WALTER s. CASE LEWIS W. DouGLAs
THOMASL. CHADBOURNE STEPHEN P. DUGGAN
WILLIAM M. CHADBOURNE ALLEN w. DULLES
JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN JOHN FOSTER DULLES
L. H. PAUL CHAPIN EDw ARD M. EARLE
EvANS CLARK Lucrus R. EASTMAN
STEPHEN c. CLARK FERDINAND EBERSTADT .~l BARRON COLLIER, JR. PHANOR J. EDER I MARTIN CONBOY ABRAM I. ELKUS
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CHRISTOPHER F. CooMBS WILLIAM N. ENSTROM I FREDERIC R. CouDERT ED:WARD F. FEELY ··~ FREDERIC R. CouDERT, JR. FREDERICK v. FIELD
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CHARLES R. CRANE MARSHALL FIELD
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ROBERT M. FIELD
THOMAS K. FINLETTER
JOHN H. FINLEY
HENRY J. FISHER
HARRY HARKNESS FLAGLER
HENRY FLETCHER
HoMER FoLKS
RAYMOND B. FosDICK
WALDO FRANK
P.A. s. FRANKLIN
LEON FRASER
LEOPOLD FREDRICK
WALTER E. FREW
CARLTON P. FULLER
SIDNEY D. GAMBLE
LEWIS GANNETT
ARTHUR z. GARDINER
PAUL w. GARRETT
GEORGE A. GASTON
ARTEMUS L. GATES
JAMES w. GERARD
WALTERS. GIFFORD
s. p ARKER GILBERT
SAMUEL P. GILMAN
E. STANLEY GLINES
F. ABBOT GOODHUE
WILLIAM s. GRAY, JR.
ALAN GREGG
PETER GRIMM
HARRY F. GUGGENHEIM
S. R. GUGGENHEIM
HIRAM J. HALLE
ROLLAND J. HAMILTON
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JoHN HENRY llAMMOND I
LEARNED HAND
HEBER R. HAI~PER E. ROLAND HARRIMAN
WrnLIAM A. HARRIMAN
GEORGE L. HAIUURON
CHARLES HAYDEN
CARLTON J. H. HAYES
CHARLES D. 1-IAZEN
ALE;XANDER I. HENDI~RSON JEROME S. l-IESS
NORMAN HICKMAN
HAROLD K. HocHscmw
WA.LTER E. I-101·1~ ALANSON n. HouoHTON
EDWARD M. HousF.
HERBERT S. HousT<>N
QUINCY HowF.
HERBERT P. HowELL
DAVIDE. HuDSON
CHARLES E. Humrns
EDWARD H. HUME
CLARENCE E. HUNTER
RoscoE H. HurrER
CHA}lLES CHENEY HYDE
RAYMOND v. INGERSOLL
HENRY lTTLESON
AR.fHUR CURTISS JAMES
PIERRE JAY
PHILIP C. JESSUP
HE.NDRIK R. J OLLES
WALTER B. KAHN
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NICHOLAS KELLEY
FRED I. KENT
FREDERICK P. KEPPEL
WILLIAM s. 'KIES
WILLARD v. KING
JoHN A. KINGSBURY
WILLIAM M. KINGSLEY
ALLEN T. KLOTS
OSWALD w. KNAUTH
VICTOR w. KNAUTH
ARTHUR K. KUHN
RoGERS S. LAMONT
THOMAS s. LAMONT
THOMAS w. LAMONT
WILLIAM w. LANCASTER
JoHN G. LAYLIN
RussELL C. LEFFINGWELL
ARTHUR LEHMAN
HERBERT H. LEHMAN
REV. HENRY S. LEIPER
FRANK LEWISOHN
SAM A. LEWISOHN
c. BAI LIHME
SAMUEL McCuNE LINDSAY
WALTER LIPPMANN
FREDERICK J. LISMAN
ARTHUR LIVINGSTON
WILTON LLOYD-SMITH
EDw ARD E. LooMIS
RoBERT F. LoREE
HENRY R. LucE
i I J.C. LuITWEILER
b REV. CHARLES s. MACFARLAND
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SEVERO MALLET-PREVOST
WALTER H. MALLORY
LOUIS c. MARBURG
HIRAM A. MATHEWS
GEORGE 0. MAY
How ARD LEE McBAIN
VANCE C. McCoRMICK
JAMES G. McDoNALD
Ross A. McFARLAND
NELSON P. MEAD
VAN s. ·MERLE-SMITH
JoHN L. MERRILL
ALBERT G. MILBANK
WALTER Mu.LIS
OGDEN L. MILLS
c:LARK H. MrnoR
WESLEY C. MrrcHEJ.L
WILLIAM D. MITCH ELL
GILBERT H. MONTAGUE
PARKER T. MooN
JAMES D. MooNEY
VICTOR Mo RA WETZ
HENRY S. MoRGAN
SHEPARD MORGAN
STOKEL y w. MORGAN
HENRY MoRGENTHAU
GEORGE MURNANE
EDWARD R. MURROW
GEORGE N EBOLSINE
A,LLAN NEVINS
HENRY KITTREDGE NORTON
MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
b.vING S. Ows
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WIJ.LJAM CHURCH OSBORN
Wu.1,IAM H. OsBORN
Lav ALL A. Os BORNE
ARTHUR w. PAGE
WILLIAM s. PALEY
PHILO w. PARKER
GEOFFREY PARSONS
I. GRAHAM PATTINSON
CHARLES s. p A YSON
NATHANIEL PEFFER
]AMES H. PERKINS
LESTER w. PERRIN
GEORGE A. PLIMPTON
FRANCIS T. P. PLIMPTON
FRANK L. PoLK
ALLAN M. PoPE
JAMES H. PosT
HAROLD I. PRATT
HENRY s. PRITCHETT
WILLIAM L. RANSOM
ALBERT RATHBONE
THOMAS THORNTON READ
RoLAND L. REDMOND
LANSING P. REED
GoRDON S. RENTSCHLER
A. HAMILTON RICE
RAYMOND T. RICH
HAROLD RIEGELMAN
JosEPH P. RIPLEY
F. BA y ARD RIVES
J. DONALD ROBB
lhv. HowARD C. RoBBINS
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OWEN F. ROBERTS
LELAND REX ROBINSON
J OfiN D. ROCKEFELLER, JRD
LI~DSA y ROGERS
GEORGE EMLEN RoosEVELT
NrnHOLAs' RoosEVELT I •
R°'LPH M. RoosEVELT
THEODORE RoosEVELT
JAMES N. RosENBERO
RALPHS. RouNos
BEARDSLEY RuML
J. SALWYN SCHAPIRO
FRANZ SCHNEIDER, JR.
ROBERT L. SCHUYLER
ROBERT P. SCRIPPS
WILLIAM 0. SCROGGS
Louis H. SEAGRAVE
E. R. A. SELIGMAN
EUSTACE SELIGMAN
ALBERT SHAW
H4ROLD F. SHEETS
WHITNEY H. SHEPARDSON
DUNHAM B. SHERER
ALBERT SHIELS
JAMES T. SHOTWELL
JOHN L. SIMPSON
ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR.
GEORGE A. SLOAN
H. ALEXANDER SMITH
K:~NNETH M. SPENCE
JAMES SPEYER
ALLAN SPROUL
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ALBERT w. STAUB
SIEGFRIED STERN
WALTER w. STEWART
HENRY L. STIMSON
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
CHARLES A. STONE
JESSE IsrnoR STRA us
PERCY s. STRAUS
RALPH I. STRA us
ROBERT K. STRAUS
FREDERICK STRAUSS
LEWIS L. STRAUSS
SIMEON STRUNSKY
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
CHESTER 0. Sw AIN
GERARD SWOPE
HERBERTBAYARD SWOPE
EDGAR SYDENSTRICKER
HENRY w. TAFT
A. WELLINGTON TAYLOR
CARL TAYLOR
GRAHAM R. TAYLOR
MYRON c. TAYLOR
THOMAS D. THACHER
HARRY B. THAYER
EUGENE P. THOMAS ..
JAMES A. THOMAS
RoY E. ToMLINSON
WALTERS. TowER
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JUAN T. TRIPPE
WJLI,JAM R. TYLER
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ARTHUR c. VEATCH
OSWALD GARRISON VILLARD
PHILIP D. w AGONER
ELISHA WALKER
RICHARD J. WALSH
FELIX M. WARBURG
FREDERICK M. WARBURG
}AMES P. WARBURG
H~RR y E. WARD
ALLEN WARDWELL
EqwARD P. WARNER
THOMAS J. WATSON
VANDERBILT WEBB
MEDLEY G. B. WHELPLEY
FRANCIS WHITE
G~ORGE WHITNEY
WlLLIAM D. WHITNEY
ARNOLD WmTRIDGE
GEORGE w. WICKERSHAM
JOHN H. WILLIAMS
LANG BOURNE M. WILLIAMS, JR.
LUCIUS WILMERDING
Lucrns WILMERDING, JR.
HERBERT E. WINLOCK
GARRARD B. WINSTON
BRONSON WINTHROP
LEO WOLMAN.
CLARENCE M. WooLLEY
BOYKIN c. WRIGHT
c., WILLARD y 0UNG, JR.
OwEN D. YouNG
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WALLACE M. ALEXANDER
FREDERICK H. Aq,EN
JAMES RowLAND ANGELL
NEWTON D. BAKER
RAY STANNARD BAKER
F. LAMMOT BELIN
GEORGE H. BLAKESLEE
RoBERT WooDs Buss
EDWIN M. BORCHARD
ISAIAH BOWMAN
ADMIRAL MARK L. BRISTOL
PHILIP MARSHALL BROWN
JoHN STEWART BRYAN
WILLIAM c. BULLITT
HARVEY BUNDY
ARTHUR CAPPER
ZECHARIAH CHAFEE, JR.
WILLIAM CLARK
w. L. CLAYTON
CHARLES w. COLBY
KARL T. COMPTON
JAMES B. CONANT
RICHARD CRANE
GENERAL WILLIAM CROZIER
JoHN CupAHY
HENRY G. DALTON
DWIGHT F. DAVIS
MALCOLM w. DAVIS
CHARLES G. DAWES
CLIVE DAY
TYLER DENNETT
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HAROLD W. DoDDS
w. B. DONHAM
LAWRENCE DUGGAN
ARTHUR DUNN
F~EDERICK s. DUNN
CMARLES K. EDMUNDS
WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT
MAX FARRAND
SIDNEY B. FAY
HERBERT FEIS
E:owARD A. FILENE
HENRY P. FLETCHER
MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE
W. CAMERON FORBES
FELIX FRANKFURTER
J.,WILSON FURNESS
HoMER GAGE
HiARRY A. GARFIELD
J qHN w. GARRETT
EDWIN F. GAY
HuGH GrnsoN
HUNTINGTON GILCHRIST
J.· STEELE Gow
EUGENE G. GRACE
u. GRANT-SMITH
WILLIAM GREEN
JEROME D. GREENE
ROGER s. GREENE
JOSEPH C. GREW
WILLIAM B. HALE
Cp:AUNCEY J. HAMLIN
c. H. HARING
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SAMUEL N. HARPER
LELAND HARRISON
FRANCIS R. HART
HowARD HEINZ
ADMIRAL ARTHUR J. HEPBURN
HAMILTON HoLT
ERNEST M. HOPKINS
BRUCE C. HoPPER
STANLEY K. HORNBECK
MANLEY 0. HUDSON
HowARD HusTON
B. EDWIN HUTCHINSON
J. HUGH JACKSON
FRANK B. KELLOGG
CARL KELSEY
EDWIN w. KEMMERER
STANLEY KING
ARTHUR Buss L.A!NE
WILLIAM L. LANGER
KENNETH s. LATOURETTE
DAVID LA WREN CE
CHARLES K. LEITH
WALTER LICHTENSTEIN
WILLIAM E. LINGELBACH
A. LAWRENCE Lo WELL
J. v. A. MACMURRAY
LINCOLN MAcVEAGH
WILLIAM C. McCLELLAN
CONSTANTINE E. McGUIRE
WALTER W. McLAREN
ELIOT G. MEARS
ANDREW w. MELLON
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i EUGENE MEYER
DAVID HUNTER MILLER
FRANCIS P. MILLER
ROBERT A. MILLIKEN
J. PIERREPONT MOFFAT
PETER MoLYNEAUX
EDw ARD C. Moo RE
A~THUR E. MORGAN
D4.VE HENNEN MoRRIS
RALPH w. MORRISON
DANA G. MUNRO
D~NYS P. MYERS
WILLIAM A. NEILSON
MEREDITH NICHOLSON
GENERAL DENNISE. NOLAN
E..G. NouRSE
FREDERIC A. OGG
Ri. REV. G. ASHTON OLDHAM
BRADLEY w. p ALMER
GEORGE B. PARKER
GEORGE FosTER PEABODY
THOMAS NELSON PERKINS
HOFFMAN PHILIP
WILLIAM PHILLIPS
GENERAL PALMER E. PIERCE
HARLAN T. PIERPONT
WILLIAM B. POLAND
DE WITT C. PooLE
ADMIRAL WILLIAM v. PRATT
JESSE S. REEVES
CHARLES J. RHOADS
JOHN W. RIDDLE
WINFIELD w. RIEFLER
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GEORGE RUBLEE
FREDERIC M. SACKETT
BERNADOTTE E. SCHMITT
JAMES BROWN ScoTT
CHARLES SEYMOUR
HENRY D. SHARPE
GENERAL GEORGE s. SIMONDS
ROBERT P. SKINNER
RAYMOND J. SONTAG
NICHOLAS J. SPYKMAN
FREDERICO STALLFORTH
SILAS H. STRAWN
ARTHUR SWEETSER
RAYMOND GRAM SWING
FRANK w. TAUSSIG
RICHARD M. TOBIN
WILLIAM HALLAM TucK
ELIOT w ADSWORTH
REV. EDMUND A. w ALSH
ALEXANDER w. WEDDELL
SUMNER WELLES
WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE
RAY LYMAN WILBUR
DANIEL WILLARD
EDWIN B. WILSON
GEORGE GRAFTON WILSON
QUINCY WRIGHT
HENRY M. WRISTON
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BY-LAWS
I
The membership shall be divided into resident, non-resident, and honorary. All members shall be elected by the Board of Directors.
Resident me~bers shall be limited to four hundred in number, who shall have their residences or places of business within fifty miles of City Hall, in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, and who 'shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
Non-resident ·members shall be limited to two hundred and fifty, who shall neither reside nor have places of business within the said specified distance from City Hall, and who shall be citizens of the U. S. A.
The Board 0£ Directors in its discr:etion may elect honorary members.
11
There shall be no entrance dues. Resident members shall pay $100 per annum, except that those members who are thirty-five years of age and under shall pay $50 per annum, and that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $15 per annum; non-resident members shall pay $50 per annum, except that those members who are regular members of the faculty of any university or college, or accredited writers or newspaper men shall pay $10 per annum. All dues shall be paid annually-or s~mi-annually in equal instalments at the option of the members-in advance. Default in the payment of any dues for a period of sixty days shall be equivalent to resignation.
III
There shall be a Board of eighteen Directors. The Board shall be divided into three classes of six Directors each, each class to serve for three-year terms and until their successors are elected. At each annual; meeting of the Council there shall be elected six Directors to replace the outgoing class. The Board shall have power to fill, for the unexpired term, any vacancy that may occur in its own body. A Director absent from meetings of the Board for a period of two successive years shall be considered to have submitted his resignation from the Board .
IV
The Annual General Meeting of the Council shall be held in New York City on the third Wednesday of September. At this
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meeting the Board of Directors shall present a report of the activities of the Council during the past year; candidates shall be elected to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors of the Council in accordance with regulations laid down by the Board; and such other business shall be considered as shall be brought forward by or with the sanction of the Board of Directors, and which shall have been stated in the notice convening the meeting.
A majority of the members of the Council shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Members may be represented by proxy.
v The Board may constitute such committees of the Council as
may from time to time be required, including an Executive Committee, a Finance and Budget Committee, a Membership Committee, and a Research Committee.
The Finance and Budget Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall have general supervision of the investment of the funds of the Council and of its financial affairs, and shall present the budget at the annual meeting of the Board. In.connection with the preparation of the budget, it shall be the duty of this Committee to allocate charges to the various departments and activities of the Council.
The Membership Committee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. It shall report at each regular meeting of the Board on all nominations for membership. The Membership Committee shall also act as a nominating committee to present names for officers and committee members at the annual meeting of the Board of Directors.
The Research Cammi ttee shall be composed of five members of the Board of Directors elected at the annual meeting of the Board. The Committee shall have power to co-opt two additional members, who need not necessarily be members of the Board of Directors. All suggestions relating to matters of research shall be referred to it, and it shall be responsible for the initiation of research projects. The Research Committee shall submit a report of its activities in writing at the annual meeting of the Board.
VI
The officers of the corporation shall be a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Treasurer, who shall be elected 11nm111lly by the Board of Directors.
The President· shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, may call meetings of the same, and shall have general executive direction of the corporation.
The Vice-Presidents in order of seniority shall discharge the duties of the President in his absence, and shall perform such other duties as from time to time shall be assigned them by the Board of Directo~s.
The Treasurer iihall have custody of the funds of the corporation. The Secretary: shall conduct the correspondence of the cor
poration, and shall keep its records.
VII
The Board shall annually appoint an Executive Director or Executive Directors. The Board shall fix the compensation and assign the duties of the Executive Director or Executive Directors.
VIII
The funds of the corporation and of FoREIGN AFFAIRS shall be deposited with trust companies or national banks in the Borough of Manhattan, City of New York, designated by the Board of Directors, or shall be invested by the Finance and Budget Committee. Disbursements shall be made only upon checks or vouchers approved by the Treasurer and either the Executive Directbr or the Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS, or in the case of funds of FOREIGN AFFAIRS by the Treasurer and the Editor of FoREIGN AFFAIRS (or in the absence of the Editor, the Executive Director or the Acting Managing Editor). In the absence of the Treasurer the President (or in the absence of the President, the Vice-President) shall have authority to appoint one of the Directors as Acting Treasurer with authority to sign checks in all cases in which the Treasurer is so authorized.
IX
The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held after the annual meeting of the Council and not later than November 15th. Seven Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors.
x These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Board
of Directors, provided notice of the proposed amendment shall have been given, at a previous meeting or circulated in. writing to the members 9f the Board not less than five days in advance.
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PUBLICATIONS OF THE COUNCIL
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PoLITICAL HANDBOOK OF THE WoRLD (annual), edited by Walter H. Mallory. $2.JO.
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ORES AND INDUSTRY IN SouTH AMERICA, by H. Foster Bain and Thomas Thornton Read. $J.JO .
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EuROPE: THE WoRLD's BANKER, I870-I914, by Herbert Feis (second printing). $5.00.
FoREJGN AFFAIRS BIBLIOGRAPHY. 19I9-1932, by William L. Langer and Hamilton Fish Armstrong. $5.00.
DIRECTORY OF AMERICAN AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE \ j STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS, compiled by Ruth r· 1 s <l , , avo1· . $I.75.
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