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7/30/2019 Corticosteroids Mahesh
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CorticosteroidsEffects andSide Effects
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Corticosteroids are 21 carbon compounds which aresynthesized in adrenal cortical cells from cholestrol
Corticoids: -
Mineralocorticoids(Aldosterone)
Glucocorticoids (Hydrocortisone)
Androgens (Testosterone)
oCorticosteroids are synthesized under the influenceof ACTH which is primarily synthesized fromanterior pituitary.
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2)Fat metabolism:
Promote lipolysis
Breakdown of triglycerides
Re-distribution of body fat
3)Calcium metabolism :Decreased formation of osteoid
Increased resorption of bones
4)Water excretion :
Maintainance of normal glomerular filtration rate
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5)Cardiovascular system:
Restrict capillary permeability
Maintain tone of arterioles
Myocardial contractility
Permissive role in development of hypertension
6)Skeletal Muscles:
Hypocorticism:diminished work capacity andweakness
Hypercorticism->Hypokalemia
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8)Lymphoid tissue and blood cells:
Enhances the rate of destruction oflymphoid cells
Increased number of RBCs,Platelets andneutrophils
Decrease lymphocyte,Eosinophils,Basophil
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9)Inflammatory responses:
Reduction of increased capillarypermeability, local exudation, cellularinfiltration, phagocytic activity, capillary
proliferation, collagen deposition,fibroblastic activity
The cardinal signs of inflammation are
supressed
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10)Immunological and allergic responses :
Suppress all types of hypersensitization
and allergic phenomenon
Suppression of recruitment of leucocytesSuppression of cell mediated immunity
Inhibition of IL-1 release from macrophage
Inhibition of IL-2 formation andsuppression of natural killer cells
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Adverse effects of Glucocorticoids:
Cushing Habitus
Fragile skin,Purple straie
Hyperglycemia
Proximal myopathy
Susceptibility to infections
Delayed wound healing
Peptic ulceration
Osteoporosis
Post Sub-capsular cataract
Glaucoma
Growth Retardation
Fetal abnormalities
Psychiatric disturbances
Suppression HPA axis
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Thank you