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© 2004 Steve Marschner • 1Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
CS465: Computer Graphics I
Professor: Steve Marschner
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 2Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Computer graphics: The study of creating, manipulating, and using visual images in the computer.
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 3Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics
• 2D imaging– compositing and layering– digital filtering– color transformations
• 2D drawing– illustration, drafting– text, GUIs POLYNOMIALS
CONVOLUTION
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 4Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics CONT’D
• 3D modeling– representing 3D shapes– polygons, curved surfaces, …– procedural modeling
[Hopp
e e
t al. 1
993]
Headus—Cysurf
[Pru
sinkeiw
icz et a
l. 20
01]
GRAMMARS
NUMERICALOPTIMIZATION
DIFFERENTIALGEOMETRY
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 5Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics CONT’D
• 3D rendering– 2D views of 3D geometry– projection and perspective– removing hidden surfaces– lighting simulation
Corn
ell
PC
G
Hen
rik
Wann Jense
n
INTEGRATION
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 8Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics CONT’D
• Interaction– 2D graphical user interfaces– 3D modeling interfaces– virtual reality
UN
C—
Offi
ce o
f th
e F
utu
re
SG
I—O
penIn
vento
r
TRIGONOMETRY
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 9Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics CONT’D
• Animation– keyframe animation– physical simulation
Pixar
Enright et al. SIGGRAPH 2003
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 10Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 11Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Problems in graphics CONT’D
• Animation– keyframe animation– physical simulation
INTERPOLATION
DIFFERENTIALEQUATIONS
Pixar
Enright et al. SIGGRAPH 2003
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 12Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Particle system (PDEs)
• Animation– Keyframing and interpolation– Simulation
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 13Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Computer graphics: Mathematics made visible.
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 14Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Computer graphics: Mathematics made visible --- and when that is not feasible, approximate it!
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 15Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
Pixar—Monsters, Inc.
New Line Cinema—The Two TowersID Software—Quake III Arena
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 16Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization
U. of Utah—Alpha 1
NCSA—Virtual Director
QuickTime™ and aMPEG-4 Video decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 17Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization
• Graphic Arts
Adobe P
hoto
shop [P
hoto
: P. G
reensp
un]
Adobe Illu
strato
r
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 18Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization
• Graphic Arts• Fine Arts
Danie
l Rozin
—W
ooden M
irrorKe
lly H
eato
n - R
efl
ectio
n Lo
op
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 19Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization
• Graphic Arts• Virtual Reality
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 20Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics ApplicationsGraphics Applications
• Entertainment– film production– film effects– games
• Science and engineering– computer-aided design– scientific visualization
• Graphic Arts• Fine Arts• Virtual Reality• Training & Simulation
NASA/Ames—ACFSM
ap
Bla
st—
LineD
rive m
ap
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 27Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Images
• What is an image?• Compositing• Resampling
[Tit
anic
; D
igit
alD
om
ain
; vfx
hq.c
om
]
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 28Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Rendering
• ray tracing• shading & shadows• transparency• texture mapping
[Gla
ssner
89]
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 29Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Geometric transformations
• affine transforms• perspective transforms• viewing
rotate, then translate translate, then rotate
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 30Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Graphics pipeline
• rasterization• interpolation• z-buffer• vertex and fragment ops
APPLICATION
COMMAND STREAM
GEOMETRY PROCESSING
TRANSFORMED GEOMETRY
RASTERIZATION
FRAGMENTS
FRAGMENT PROCESSING
FRAMEBUFFER IMAGE
DISPLAY
© 2004 Steve Marschner • 31Cornell CS465 Fall 2004 • Lecture 1
Modeling
• splines• parametric surfaces• triangle meshes
[Rog
ers
]