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Study IQ Launch UPSC Essay Test Series for Mains Paper 1>15TesttillUPSCMains2017>15%Flatdiscounttill15thJuly
Identify ?
PM's interaction with Chief Secretaries of States and Union Territories
ThisinteractionwaspartoftheNationalConferenceofChiefSecretariesonthetheme of "States as Drivers for Transforming India." Thisisthefirsttime,thatthePrimeMinisterhasaddressedsuchagathering,atsuchanevent.
Thebest practices presentedbytheChiefSecretariesincludedthemes such as ruraldevelopment,skilldevelopment,cropinsurance,healthinsurance,tertiaryhealthcare,welfareofdivyang children,reducinginfantmortality,tribalwelfare,solidwastemanagement,sanitation,drinkingwater,river
conservation,watermanagement,e-governance,pensionreform,emergencyservices,developmentofmineral-richareas,PDSreform,DirectBenefit
Transferofsubsidy;solarenergy,clusterdevelopment,goodgovernanceandeaseofdoingbusiness.
HesaidthesuccessesofsmallStatesandUnionTerritories,couldbereplicatedbylargestatesinonedistricttobeginwith.
InthisregardhementionedHaryana and Chandigarh becoming kerosene-free.
Haryana became kerosene-free as the supply of the fuel has been stopped under the public distribution system (PDS) from April 1
True/False
Haryana isthefirstKerosenefreestate/UTofIndia
The PAHAL scheme waslaunchedfortheconsumerstomandatorilyhaveanAadhaar number foravailing
KeroseneSubsidy.
Jharkhand becamethe firststate inthecountrytoimplementDirectBenefitTransfer(DBT)in Kerosene
Essay
CompareandcontrasttheDirectBenefitTransfer(DBT)schemeforKeroseneVisaVisDirectBenefitTransfer(DBT)forliquefiedpetroleumgas(LPG)/cookinggasinIndiaandalso
commentontheimpactofbothschemes
Success of Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)/cooking gas
PAHAListhedirectbenefittransferschemeforLPGsubsidy,underwhichthebeneficiarygetsthesubsidy,whichistransferredtothebank
account,for12cylindersayear.Simultaneously,thegovernmenthasworkedoneliminatingduplicateconnections.Thiswasfollowedbythe“GiveItUp”campaign,through
whichthePrimeMinisterhimselfencouragedcustomerstogiveupLPGsubsidy.About 15 million families gave up subsidy under “GiveItUp”.ThegovernmentclaimstohavesavedatleastRs 21,000 crore (Rs 210billion)through eliminating fake and duplicate LPG connections and
PAHAL.
Truth is different
Thefigurewas,however,contestedbyaComptroller and Auditor General report,whichsaidonly Rs 1,764
crore (Rs 17.64billion)insubsidywassavedonLPG onaccountoftheschemesandthebulk of Rs 21,552 crore
was due to a sharp fall in global prices.
RapidimplementationofDBTforLPG waspossiblebecauseofastreamlinedandunifieddigitalconsumerdatabase
Here,theentiredatabaseacrossIndiawasmanagedbyjust three public sector oil marketing companies,whicharedirectlyundertheMinistry of Petroleum and
Natural Gas.
(Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Bharat Petroleum CorporationLimited(BPCL)andHindustan Petroleum CorporationLimited(HPCL)
This enabled easier coordination for a nationwide rollout of the scheme.
For Kerosene, The biggest hurdle is the lack of a streamlined and unified digital consumer database
Incomparison,thedatabaseofsubsidised kerosenebeneficiariesfallsunderthePublic Distribution System (PDS), whichismanagedand
maintainedbyeachStategovernment.CoordinationamongthelargenumberofState-levelactors,especiallyinthecaseofanon-digitised PDS beneficiary database,createsbarriers.
Whilee-PDSisbeingimplementedacrossIndia,adigitalPDSbeneficiarydatabaseisnotyetavailableforalltheStatestoenable
implementationofDBTK.
Thesecondhurdleisthepoliticaleconomyassociatedwithsubsidised kerosene.
WhiletheCentreburnsthefiscalimpactofsubsidy,the States determine who gets the subsidy and to what extent — intermsof
thequantum of subsidised kerosene.
ThisisanimportantpoliticalcurrencyforStategovernments.Thus,political alignment of States tobuyintotheideaof DBTK iscriticalinensuringeffectiveimplementationofthescheme.
Amajordrawbackisthelimited ability of DBTK toreduceincentivesfordiversion.
Currently,subsidised keroseneismainlydivertedas a substitute or as an adulterant to diesel.
GiventhesignificantCentralexciseandStatetaxesondiesel,itsmarketpriceremainsmuchhigherthantheunsubsidised priceofkerosene.
AnalysisbytheCouncilonEnergy,EnvironmentandWater(CEEW)showsthatunlessthegovernmentrestructuresthemarketpriceofkerosene,the price differential between unsubsidised kerosene and diesel would be in the range
between Rs.18 and Rs.32 per litre — varyingacrossStates.
Suchanincentivewouldstillbesignificantformiddlemenaswellasendconsumerstodivertthefuelasdieselsubstitute.
Anotherchallengeisinensuringthatthesubsidyisaccessibletoitsmajorbeneficiaries— poorhouseholds.
ThePradhanMantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)hassucceededinprovidingbankaccountstoasubstantialnumberofhouseholds,accessingthesubsidyamountisstillnoteasyforseveralpoorerhouseholds,whomay,attimes,losetheirpotentialdaywagein
withdrawingthissubsidyfromfar-located bank branches.
TheCEEW’s analysis ofNational Sample Survey Office datahighlightsthatkerosene ispredominantlyusedasalighting fuel inruralIndia,withless
than 1 per cent of households using it as a primary cooking fuel.
Inurban-poor households,itisusedforbothlightingandcooking.ArecentreportbytheCEEWshowshowshiftingfromkerosenetoalternativessuchassolar-assisted solutions for lighting and LPG for
cooking couldbeeconomicallybeneficialforboththegovernmentaswellashouseholds.
Theshiftwouldprovidehouseholdswithmuchbetterend-servicesandavoidingtheadversehealthimpactsassociatedwithkeroseneusewhichcouldresultinanannualsavingbetweenRs.8,000andRs.12,000crore
totheexchequer.
AsLPG is a clean and efficient fuel,itisrationaltocontinuesubsidising itfortheunderprivilegedwhocannotafforditotherwise.However,withenergysecurityandcleanenergyaccesshighonIndia’spriorities,we
must look beyond kerosene toprovidecookingandlightingsolutionstopoorhouseholds,whileensuringaffordability,reliabilityanduniversal
availabilityofthesealternatives
Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)8000 crore, 5 cr, 1.5 crore
ModilaunchedthePradhanMantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)onMay1lastyear, Thepromisewastoprovidefive crore LPG connections toBPLhouseholdsoverthreeyears.2.5
croresofar(Successful)• The BPL families are identified in consultation with the governments of States and Union
Territories.
Aflagshipprogramme,PMUYaimstoedgeoutsmokefromthekitchensofIndianhouseholdsbyprovidingcleancookingfuel.Thereachoftheprogramme issuchthatitwastoutedasoneofthereasonsforBJP’ssweepingwininUttarPradeshAssembly
elections, 4.3millionconnectionsinthestatetoBPLfamilies.
Insixoutofeightnortheasternstates,theModigovernmentfailedtoprovideevenasingleLPGconnectionunderitsflagshipschemePradhanMantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY)tillMay2017,JustthetwoBJP-ruledstatesinnortheastIndia-- AssamandManipur-- saw
fiveand27LPGconnections,respectively.
The national average of LPG cylinder refills is around 7.6 per year, around one refill every 45 days.
However, the refilling rate varies across states. “For instance, Bihar and UP have quite high refill rates, but forest areas in Chhattisgarh and Madhya
Pradesh have low refilling rate of around two per year. This is because of easy availability of firewood
Motivation was the key
Benefits
• Forwomen,whoarethechiefbeneficiariesofthescheme,theassessmentsrevealedthatcookingongasstoveshelpedsaveatleast1-2hoursdaily,whichtheyusedforleisureactivitiesorotherhouseholdpursuits.Thiswaspartlybecausecookingongaswasfaster,andbecause it saved them the time and effort needed to go out to collect firewood.• Thelackofsmokehadalsoreducedhealthproblemsinwomen,suchasburningsensationintheeyes,coughingandevenheadaches.• Closeto80% people refillingthecylinders
• Beneficiariesrequiredinstructionsthatlow-risethatchedceiling,poorventilation,flammablehousematerialsandclothingweremajorriskswhilecookingongasstoves.
State-runoilmarketingcompaniesareexpectedtohaveanadditionalcapacityof1,242metrictonnes perannumintheirLPGbottlingplantsbythestartofFY22throughsixbrownfieldand10greenfieldprojects,accordingtodatafromtheministryofpetroleumandnaturalgas.
DuringFY16-17,LPGconsumptioninthecountryincreasedby9.8%to21.5milliontonne
Ujjawal plus?(Donations,SECC)
(The Greenfield project meansthataworkwhichisnotfollowingapriorwork.IninfrastructuretheprojectsontheunusedlandswherethereisnoneedtoremodelordemolishanexistingstructurearecalledGreen
FieldProjects.Theprojectswhicharemodifiedorupgradedarecalled brownfield projects)
ThePrimeMinistergavetheexampleofmonthlyPRAGATI meetings,whichhadgivenadecisivepushtomanylong-pendingprojects
Pro-ActiveGovernanceAndTimelyImplementation(PRAGATI isauniqueintegratingandinteractiveplatform.Theplatformisaimedataddressingcommonman'sgrievances,andsimultaneouslymonitoringandreviewingimportantprogrammesandprojectsoftheGovernmentofIndiaaswellasprojects
flaggedbyStateGovernments.)
Hesaid"ease of doing business"shouldbeaccordedtoppriority,andwouldgreatlyhelpStatesinattractinginvestment.
Speakingontheagriculturesector,thePrimeMinistersaidtheuseoftechnologywasimperative.Hestressedoneliminatingwastageinfarmproduce,andfocusonfood
processing.ThePrimeMinistercalledforStatestofocusonagriculturereforms,ande-NAM inparticular.
ThePrimeMinistersaidtheuseofAadhaar hasbroughtbenefitallaround,andeliminatedleakages.Heurgedall
presenttomaximizeitsuseintheinterestofgood governance.
HesaidGovernment e-Marketplace (GeM) couldprovideefficiency, savings and transparency ingovernment
procurement.HeaskedallState Governments tomaximize
theuseofGeM byAugust15th.
The Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has strongly condemned the attack on Amarnath Yatris in Jammu and Kashmir. Prime Minister has also spoken to Jammu and Kashmir Governor Shri NN Vohra and Chief
Minister Ms Mehbooba Mufti and assured all possible assistance required.
Seven Amarnath pilgrims from Gujarat, six of them women, were killed and 32 injured in a terrorist attack on their bus in Anantnag
The last time an armed attack was staged against the annual yatra which draws lakhs of Hindus from across India to the state was on August 1, 2000, when around 30
pilgrims and local porters were killed near Pahalgam
Policesaidthebuswasnotapartoftheyatra convoywhichisbeingprovidedelaboratesecurity.Itwasnotregisteredwiththeauthoritieseither.
Theterroristsfirstattackedabullet-proofbunkerofthepoliceatBotengoo,apoliceofficialsaid.Afterthepoliceretaliated, thegunmenmovedonand firedona
policepicketnearKhanabal.Whenthepoliceretaliated,themilitantsfled,firingindiscriminatelyinwhichthe
buscarryingtheyatris gothit.Whilethesepoliceaccountssuggesttheyatris wereasecondarytarget,someofthesurvivingpilgrimswerequotedbytelevisionchannelsassayingtheterrorists
hadinfactdirectlytargetedthem
Total52deathssofar
45 percent rise in terrorism-related deaths – and 164 percent increase in civilian deaths alone – over the year ending 30 June
2017
On27June2017,UnitedStates designated Hizbul Mujahideen chiefSyedSalahuddin a“globalterrorist
Salahuddin alsoleadstheUnitedJihadCouncil,an umbrella organisation foranti-Indiaterroristorganisations suchasLashkar-e-Taiba andJaish-e-Mohammed,knowntooperateoutof
Pakistan-OccupiedKashmir.Salahuddin hasopenly admitted tocarryingoutattacksagainstIndia,
includingonanIndianAirForcebaseinPathankot,Punjab,on2January2016.
PM condoles the demise of Shri Naresh Chandra
FormerIndianAmbassadortotheUS
“ShriNareshChandrawasanoutstandingpublicservant,wholeftanindeliblemarkonmattersofgovernanceandpolicy.
Painedbyhisdemise.
DeclarationofHistoricCityofAhmadabadasaUNESCO’sWorldHeritageProperty
Indianowhasoverall36WorldHeritageInscriptionswith28Cultural,07Naturaland01Mixedsite
duringthe41stSessionofWorldHeritageCommittee.ThismakesAhmedabadthefirstcityinIndiaandthethirdinAsiatobeinscribedtotheWorldHeritageList.Inthepast3yearsalone,Indiahasmanagedto
putfivebuiltheritagesitesontheworldheritagelistofUNESCO
Old name - KarnavatiThewalledcityofAhmadabad,foundedby
SultanAhmadShahinthe15thcentury,ontheeasternbankoftheSabarmatiriver,presentsaricharchitecturalheritagefromthesultanateperiod,notablytheBhadra citadel,thewallsandgatesoftheFortcityandnumerous
mosquesandtombsaswellasimportantHinduandJaintemplesoflaterperiods.
Withinthiscomplexare28ASICentrallyProtectedMonuments.TheurbanstructuresofthehistoriccityofAhmedabadaredistinctiveduetotheirpuras (neighbourhoods),pols(residentialstreets),andkhadki (inner
entrancestopols)largelymadeoftimber.
Indiastandssecond largest innumberafterChina (52,2ndintheworld)intermsofnumberofworldheritagepropertiesin
ASPAC (Asia and Pacific) region,itisoverallseventhintheworld.
Italy(53)– MostworldheritagesitesintheworldCultureMinisterDr. MaheshSharma
Exercise Malabar Commences in Bay of Bengal/ North Indian Oceann
TheMALABARseriesofexercises,initiatedin1992betweentheIndianandUSNavies,havesteadilygrowninscope,complexityand
participationintoamultifacetedexercisewiththeparticipationofJapaneseMaritimeSelfDefense Force(JMSDF).
The21st editionoftheexercise,MALABAR-17willbeconductedintheBayofBengalfrom10to17July2017.
Theprimaryaimofthisexerciseistoincreaseinteroperabilityamongstthethree navies
TheIndianNavywillberepresentedbytheaircraftcarrierINS Vikramaditya withitsairwing,guidedmissiledestroyerRanvir,indigenousstealthfrigatesShivalik andSahyadri,indigenousASWcorvetteKamorta,missilecorvettesKoraandKirpan,oneSindhughosh classsubmarine,fleet
tankerINSJyoti andLongRangeMaritimePatrolAircraftP8I.
The US Navy will be represented by the ships from the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group
Japan will be represented by JS Izumo
TheUnionFinanceMinisterShriArun Jaitley tobetheChiefGuestontheoccasionof36thFoundationDayofNABARDdedicatedtocelebrate
theSilverJubileeofSHG Bank Linkage Programme
TheProgramhadacatalyticeffectinsourcingcollateralfreeloanstothetuneofRs 61,000croretothepoorwomenfromthemainstream
bankingsystematthenormalratesofinterest.
SelfHelpGroupBankLinkageProgramme(SHGBLP),thepioneeringinitiativeofFinancialInclusionbyNABARDcompleted25yearsduringthis
year
Underthisprogramme,bankswereallowedtoopensavingsaccountsforSelf-HelpGroups(SHGs).SHGs are registered/unregistered entitieswhichusuallyhasa
membershipof15to20membersfromverylowincomefamilies,usuallywomen.
Theymobilizesavingsfrommembersandusesthepooledfundstogiveloanstotheneedymembers.Underthisprogramme,banksprovideloanstotheSHGsagainstgroupguaranteeandthequantumofloancouldbeseveraltimesthe
depositsplacedbysuchSHGswiththebanks.
BanksshouldconsiderentirecreditrequirementsofSHGmembers,namely,(a)incomegenerationactivities,(b)socialneedslikehousing,education,marriage,
etc.and(c)debtswapping".
LendingtoSHGsshouldbeincludedbythebanksaspartoftheirlendingtotheweakersections.AspertheRBI’slatest(May 2016) PrioritySectorLendingnorms,
bankcredittomembersofSHGsiseligibleforprioritysectoradvanceunderrespectivecategoriesviz.,Agriculture,Micro,SmallandMediumEnterprises,Social
InfrastructureandOthers.
Prioritysectors- (1)Agriculture(2)Micro,SmallandMediumEnterprises(3)ExportCredit(4)Education(5)Housing(6)SocialInfrastructure(7)RenewableEnergy
Total Priority Sector - 40 percent of Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC)$
Agriculture – 18% , Micro enterprise – 7.5%
Thereareanestimated48millionMSMEs inthecountrywhichprovideemploymentto11crorepeople,andcontributenearly45percentofmanufacturingoutputandaround
40percenttoIndia’sexports
SmallFinanceBankstogive75%ofnetbankcredittoprioritysector:RBI,SFBsarerequiredtoopenatleast25%ofitsbranchesinunbankedruralcentres.
Sinceitspilotstagein1992,theSHGProgrammehascomealongwayincoveringmorethan10 crore rural families.Ason31
stMarch, 2017 these
groupshadsavingsofmorethanRs 16,000 crore inbanks
Withmorethan8.5 crore rural women asthedirectparticipantsinthismassmovement
Aaykar Setunewtaxpayerservicemodule ‘Aaykar Setu’,waslaunched byShriArun Jaitley
CentralBoardofDirectTaxes(CBDT),adepartmentwithintheministryoffinance,hascomeupwithanappcalledAaykar Setu tohelpuserscarryoutbasictax-
relatedtasksontheirown.
ThetermAayakar meansincometaxandSetu standsforbridge.
Theprimaryobjectiveoftheappistohelpusersunderstandthevariousnuancesofdirecttaxes,fileincometax,applyforPAN(PermanentAccountNumber),checkTDS(taxdeductedatsource)statement,andevensharegrievanceswiththerightauthorities.Thereisalivechatoption,whichwillbeavailabletousersfrom10amto6pmandwillansweralltax-related
queries.
Forfilingcomplaintswiththetaxdepartment,thereisasectioncalled‘Gotaproblem’,whereuserscanregistertheirgrievances.Italsoallowsusersto
contactofficialsinCBDTorDirectorateofIncomeTax
Userscanreceivetimelynotificationsforimportantdatesandnewannouncementsrelatedtoincometax,byregisteringtheirmobilenumberin
theapp.
Oneofthekeyhighlightsoftheappisthatitallowsuserstolinktheir12-digitAadhaar numberwithPAN.FollowingtheSCrulingon9June,linking Aadhaar to PAN is mandatory forallexisting
Aadhaar cardholders.
Tomakeunderstandingtaxesmorefunandeasy,thedeveloperhasaddedaquizgamecalled Tax Gyaan.Itisdesignedtotest
users’knowledgeabouttaxesthroughmultiplechoicequestions.
GiftsuptoavalueofRs 50,000/- peryearbyanemployertohisemployeeareoutsidetheambitofGST.
However,giftsofvaluemorethanRs 50,000/- madewithoutconsiderationaresubjecttoGST,whenmadeinthecourseor
furtheranceofbusiness
MinistryofHealthsignsMoUwithGovernmentofWestBengaltosetupCentreofExcellenceinTransfusionMedicine
MinistryofHealthandFamilyWelfaresignedamemorandumofunderstanding(MoU)withGovernmentofWestBengaltoformalizeitssupporttosetupastate-of-the-artCentreofExcellenceinTransfusion
MedicineatKolkata,heretoday.GovernmentofIndiahasapprovedthisimportantinitiativewithan
outlayofapproximatelyRs.200Crorestowardsequipment,manpowerandrunningcosts.
IndianRailwaysOrganizationforAlternateFuel(IROAF)winsGolden Peacock Award forEcoInnovationfortheyear2017forintroducingecofriendlyandcostsaving
DualFuel1400HPDieselenginesonDEMUtrains.
forsubstitutionoffossilfuels(Diesel)byenvironmentfriendlyCNGinDEMUpassengertrainservices.UseofCNGinTrainSetsforpassengertransportationhas
beendoneforthefirsttimeintheworld.
TheCNGbaseddualfuel1400HPengineusedinDEMUtrainsdevelopedbyIROAFhassuccessfullysubstituteddieselfuelwithCNGupto 20%.ThisinnovationwillreduceemissionsconsiderablybybringingdownNOxby16%,CO2 by6%andParticulateMatterby18%besidesachievingeconomyinfuelcostby8%.
Golden Peacock Awards, instituted by the Institute Of Directors (IOD), India in 1991, are now regardedas a benchmark of Corporate Excellence worldwide. Golden Peacock awards have become a hallmark ofexcellence, both locally & globally. Based on internationally recognised criteria, the credibility of theseawards lies in the transparency depth & impartiality of the assessment process.
Present technology of 20% substitution of diesel by CNG, has potential to save uptoRs. 1360 crores annually if implemented over entire fleet of Diesel Locomotives of Indian Railways. Animproved technology of 40% substitution is at present being developed by IROAF. This will enhance thepotential of saving of fuel cost of IR to about Rs. 3400 crore per annum. The environmental benefits willalso double with this improved approach, if successful.future.
IndianPowerSector- AnUpdate , AllIndiaStatisticsofIndianPowerSectorarereleasedbyCentral Electricity Authority (CEA) today. Themainhighlightsare
asfollows:-GenerationCapacityAdditiontargetduringtheperiod2012-17fromconventional
sourceswas99,209.47MWagainstatargetof88,537 MW,overachievingthesameby112%.Conventionalgenerationcapacityadditionachievedinthepast3years(2014-15,2015-16&2016-17)hasbeen60,752.6MW,whichisabout61%ofthetotalcapacityadditionachieved
duringthisperiod.
In2015-16,conventionalgenerationcapacityadditionachievedwas23,976.6 MW whichisthelargestevercapacityadditioninasingleyear.
TheRenewableEnergySourcesinstalledcapacityason31.03.2014was31,692.14 MW.Ason31.03.2017,IndiahasachievedanInstalledCapacityof
57,260.2MWofRESshowinganincrease of 80% during 2014-2017.ThePeakDemandmetincreasedfrom130 GW in2013-14to157 GW in2016-17,whichworksouttoaCAGRof
6.5%.
Targetforrenewableenergy
1,75GWtill2022,1,00GWSolar,60GWWind,
10 GWBiomass5GWSmallHydro
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