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Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. 1
Chapter 4
Integumentary System
Copyright © 2005 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved. 2
OBJECTIVES
Identify organs and structures of the integumentary systemDefine and spell the word parts Build and analyze medical terms using word partsDefine, pronounce, and spell the disease and disorder, diagnostic, surgical, and complementary terms for the integumentary systemInterpret the meanings of the abbreviationsRead medical documents and interpret medical terminology contained in them
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Integumentary System Function
The integumentary system comprises the skin, nails, and glands. The skin forms a protective covering that when unbroken prevents entry of bacteria and other invading organisms. The skin also protects the body from water loss and from damaging effects of ultraviolet light.Other functions include regulation of body temperature and synthesis of vitamin D.
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Structure of the Skin
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Cross Section of the Skin
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Major Structures of the Skin
epidermis: outer layer of skin keratin: horny, or cornified, layer composed of
protein melanin: color, or pigmentation, of skin
dermis (also called “true skin”): the inner layer of skin
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Major Structures of the Skin (cont’d)
sudoriferous glands: tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on skin’s surfacesebaceous glands: secrete sebum (oil)
into the hair follicles, where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
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Accessory Structures of the Skin
hair: compressed, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles (sacs that enclose the hair fibers)
nails: originate in the epidermis; found on the upper surface of the ends of the fingers and toes
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Combining Forms for the Integumentary System
cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/ohidr/o kerat/oonych/o, ungu/oseb/otrich/o
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Combining Forms Commonly Used with Integumentary System Terms
aut/o
bi/o
coni/o
crypt/o
heter/o
myc/o
necr/o
pachy/o
rhytid/o
staphyl/o
strept/o
xer/o
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Prefixes
epi-
intra-
para-
per-
sub-
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Suffixes
-coccus
-ectomy
-ia
-itis
-malacia
-opsy
-phagia
-plasty
-rrhea
-tome
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Disease and Disorder Terms Built From Word Parts
dermatitis dermatoconiosis erythroderma hidradenitis leukoderma onychocryptosis pachyderma xeroderma
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The -a Ending
The -a ending in the terms “pachyderma,” “xeroderma,” “erythroderma,” “leukoderma,” and “xanthoderma” is a noun suffix and has no meaning
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Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built From Word Parts
abrasion
abscess
cellulitis
contusion
eczema
gangrene
herpes zoster
impetigo
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Disease and Disorder Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d)
Kaposi sarcoma laceration lesion onychomycosis psoriasis tinea percutaneous lesion and cancers of the skin
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Common Skin Disorders
Tinea. Dermatitis.
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Cancers of the Skin
Basal cell carcinoma.Squamous cell carcinoma.Melanoma.
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Surgical Terms Built from Word Parts
biopsy
dermatoautoplasty
dermatoheteroplasty
dermatoplasty
onychectomy
rhytidectomy
rhytidoplasty
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Complementary Terms Built from Word Parts
dermatologist
dermatome
epidermal
intradermal
keratogenic
necrosis
percutaneous
staphylococcus
streptococcus
ungual
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(grapelike clusters) / cv / (berry-shaped) bacteria
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(twisted chains) / cv / (berry-shaped) bacteria
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Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts
adipose albino allergy cicatrix cytomegalovirus (CMV) debridement decubitus ulcer dermabrasion
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Complementary Terms Not Built from Word Parts (cont’d)
diaphoresis ecchymosis edema erythema jaundice keloid leukoplakia pallor
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Burn Keloid
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Abbreviations
bx
BCC
CMV
subq
SLE
staph
strep
SqCCA