SEMINAR REPORT

ON

“TELEPRESENCE TECHNOLOGY”

Submitted By

Name

M.Tech 2nd Semester

Computer Science & Engineering.

Guide

Prof .

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Priyadarshini Institute of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur

Session 2012-13

Priyadarshini Institute of Engineering & Technology, Nagpur

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Certificate

This is to certify thatMs.Prajakta Ashok Randive of M.Tech I semester Computer Science and Engineering has successfully completed her seminar on “TELEPRESENCE TECHNOLOGY” she has completed her technical Seminar under the guidance of Prof..

Guide HOD

Prof. Dr. A. R. MahajanAssistant Professor Professor & HeadDepartment of CSE Department of CSEPIET, Nagpur PIET, Nagpur

Index

SR.NO Index PAGE NO.

1 Introduction

2 What Is Telepresence

3 WHY TELEPRESENCE WORKS

4 HOW ARE TELEPRESENCE TECHNOLOGIES USED?

5 PRESENCE IN DAILY LIFE

6 IMPLEMENTATION

7 COMPARING VIDEOCONFERENCIG AND TELEPRESENCE U

8 BENEFITS

9 APPLICATIONS

10 Conclusions

11 References

I. INTRODUCTION

With the improvement of living standards, most big shopping malls

experienced reconstruction and scale expansion. Currently, shopping malls are bigger

with more abundant goods and more variety of wares. People are in the pursuit of

high quality consumer goods. At the same time, the pursuit of efficient shopping is

gradually revealed. To solve the difficulty in customer shopping, large stores have

launched a mall layout map, Touch Mall shopping system, and other shopping guide

newsletter. In recent years, shopping guide has become a hot career. Shopping guide

mall layout map is most common in the mall as a shopping guide, which shows the

customer’s position and the layout of mall section directly.

However, it may be little help for those first time customers or

customers with bad sense of direction. Touch mall shopping guide system is the

electronic version of shopping guide and mall layout map. This system is rare in

domestic malls with high maintaining cost, thus is not suitable for small and medium

sized shopping centers. Express Shopping newsletter notifies the customers with

recent promotions, and can provide convenience for shopping. Yet the newsletter

imposes threat to resource and environment, for its color ink printing paper. On the

other hand, the rising living standards are reflected in the mobile phone

popularization. The phone is upgrading with each passing day, and now the Internet

access, picture taking has become the basic function of a mobile phone. GPS (Global

Positioning System) function is implanted in smart phone, and the built in electronic

map can help its holder acquire the surrounding information and make a choice.

With the ever changing mobile phone functions, the production cost of

smart phones is continuously reduced. For common users, the innovative shopping

guide service will be very popular if the cost is lowered enough. This paper presents

a proposal of shopping guide service using smart phone as the carrier. The system will

identify the QR code through the mobile phone cameras, and then give out the

shopping recommendation through comprehensive evaluation of mall location, sales

promotion, customer buying behavior analysis, with the help of browsing WAP pages

through GPRS or 3G web.

Fig 1

Latest statistics of global share of smart phones

(From Net Applications)

A smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with

more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone.[1] [2] [3]

The first smartphones combined the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA) with a mobile phone. Later models added the functionality of portable media players, low-endcompact digital cameras, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units to form one multi-use device. Modern smartphones also include high-resolution touchscreens and web browsers that display standard web pages as well as mobile-optimized sites. High-speed data access is provided by Wi-Fi and Mobile Broadband.

The most common mobile operating systems (OS) used by modern smartphonesinclude Google's Android, Apple's iOS, Nokia's Symbian, RIM's BlackBerry OS, Samsung's Bada,Microsoft's Windows Phone, Hewlett-Packard's webOS, and embedded Linux distributions such as Maemo and MeeGo. Such operating systems can be installed on many different phone models, and typically each device can receive multiple OS software updates over its lifetime.

The distinction between smartphones and feature phones can be vague,

and there is no official definition for what constitutes the difference between them.

One of the most significant differences is that the advanced application programming

interfaces (APIs) on smartphones for running third-party applications[9] can allow

those applications to have better integration with the phone's OS and hardware than is

typical with feature phones. In comparison, feature phones more commonly run on

proprietary firmware, with third-party software support through platforms such

as Java ME or BREW.[1] An additional complication in distinguishing between

smartphones and feature phones is that over time the capabilities of new models of

feature phones can increase to exceed those of phones that had been promoted as

smartphones in the past.

Data flow

The diagram below shows the data flow for a normal, successful authentication using

tiqr:

The diagram shows the following steps:

1. The user surfs to a web site and is required to log in

2. The web site displays a QR code

3. The user scans the QR code using the tiqr App on his or her phone, confirms login

and enters his/her PIN

4. The user’s identity together with the response to the challenge encoded in the QR

tag is sent to the server using the phone’s Internet connection

5. The server validates the response and authorises login

6. The browser reloads the page and the user is logged in

II. MARKET DEMAND AND ANALYSIS

Literally, shopping guide hopes to guide the customer shopping process. Customers

entering the store often be confused by the complicated layout and wide varieties of

goods, which impede the implementation of purchasing behavior. Shopping guide is

to remove the various concerns of the customer, and help the customers purchase

desired goods. Shopping guide is an important link to complete the whole sales

working, to achieve the exchange process between commodity and currency. It is a

difficult task to persuade customers taking money from his pocket to purchase your

commodity. To complete this task, shopping malls launched promotions regularly,

and notify potential customers in advance through printed flyers or SMS notifications

to enhance customer’s desire.

Low carbon living is a leading fashion today, yet the mall ads paper is a waste of

resources and pollution of the environment. On the one side is the fierce competition

between shopping malls, and the other is the threat tore sources and environment.

How to solve this dilemma? Maybe the shopping guide can act as a solution. Product

promotions and discount is the most important information desired by customers. If

the customer is able to get the latest product promotions and discount information, as

well as a shortest path from his location to the destination, the shopping can then be

viewed as a pleasant process. To query information and route, the most obvious

solution is to use GPS. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space based global

navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides reliable location and time

information in all weather and at all times and anywhere on or near the Earth when

there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

Fig 2.1 Calculation formula of GPS location positioning

In summary, GPS location based services are fantastic. But the GPS positioning

precision is measured by number of satellite, and the GPS calculates the position from

the three worlds theory. GPS satellites are vulnerable to the effects of weather and

terrain. On overcast or even rainy days, or in locations with huge buildings, GPS

positioning effect is realty reduced, positioning errors may occur.

Mall is a special environment. If you want to achieve the information query and route

finding at the mall, through GPS location based service without additional equipment

is basically impossible. So are there any other ways to achieve the above services? we

propose QR codes to solve this problem. A QR Code is a specific matrix barcode (or

two dimensional code), readable by dedicated QR barcode reader sand camera

phones. The code consists of black modules arranged in a square pattern on a white

background. The information encoded can be text, URL or other data. Common in

Japan, where it was created by Toyota subsidiary Denso Wave in 1994, the QR code

is one of the most popular types of two dimensional barcodes. QR is the abbreviation

for Quick Response, as the creator intended to allow its contents to be decoded at high

speed . We can store specific information into the QR Code. Identified through the

phone's camera, the image information will be converted into data through GPRS or

3G after uploading to the server for comparison. It can also be done directly on their

mobile phones, so you can not add any additional investment to acquire the

information of shopping promotions and location services.

Fig2.2 Example of QR code symbol

III. SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

A. Design

In shopping malls, we will create unique QR codes to record the article name,

number, latitude and longitude location of goods placed, and so on. We will digitize

the map of shopping mall or a counter, then store them into the phone. Phone

Recognizes the QR Code through the camera. After being recognized and converted,

the code will be compared with the data of electronic maps. Then it will identify the

customer’s current regions, provide different services according to customer’s choice.

Let customer receive the latest promotions of businesses; find the best route from his

current location to the destination. System will automatically upload the QR Codes

information, which is recognized by customer, to the Web server records via GPRS or

3G networks, providing data support for other services in the future.

Fig 3.1Schematic diagram of a mall shopping guide

The proposed system is composed of two parts, namely the mobile front end

application and website background services program. Both of the two pieces is

independent and interdependent. Mobile frontend applications is a core part of the

system, for QR Code recognition and information displays. Website background

services program is the data platforms of a system, informing customers the latest

promotions of shopping mall via SMS text messaging service WAP browsing

services. The frontend application of the mobile is designed and developed using

Adobe Flash, and website background service program is designed by use of PHP

Web programming language. Mobile App is a customer service platform. Users can

download the program to the Smart phone, and install it. It will be used only after

successful installation. For shopping users, you can start the program at the counter

with QR code labeled merchandise. With your phone camera focus on

the QR symbol, the system will automatically recognize the data in the QR code.

Website background services are data centers. Users can browse data by frontend

software installed on the phone.Thisdata center will store submitted data and the data

in QR codes for identification by the phone software.

1）The development environment

Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash) is a multimedia platform used to add

animation, video, and interactivity to web pages. Flash is frequently used for

advertisements and games. More recently, it has been positioned as a tool for

"Rich Internet Applications" ("RIAs").Action Script is an object oriented language

originally developed by Macromedia Inc. (now owned by Adobe Systems). It is a

dialect of ECMA Script (meaning it has the same syntax and semantics of the more

widely known Java Script), and is used primarily for the development of

websites and software targeting the Adobe Flash Player platform, run on Web pages

in the form of embedded SWF files. The language itself is open source

in that its specification is offered free of charge and both an open source compiler (as

part of Adobe Flex) and open source virtual machine (Mozilla Tamarin) are available

.2）Application platform

Most smart phones can support Flash Lite 4 (Flash Player for smart phones), and

some can even run Flash Player 10 (e.g. Android). Due to the cross platform feature

of Adobe Flash, it can be more easily to implant from PC to the phone.

3）QR Code

QR code data capacity Numeric code only Max. 7,089 characters Alphanumeric Max.

4,296 characters Binary (8 bits) Max. 2,953 bytes Kanji/Kana Max. 1,817 characters

Error correction capacity

Level L 7% of code words can be restored.

Level M 15% of code words can be restored.

Level Q 25% of code words can be restored.

Level H 30% of code words can be restored.

QR codes use the Reed–Solomon error correction .

Codes are also known for their high data capacity. QR-Codes have become

more popular than the typical barcode as the typical barcode can only hold a

maximum of 20 digits, whereas the QR-Code can hold up to 7,089 characters. QR

codes are also known for their high data capacity.

There for a QR code is capable of handling several dozens to several hundred times more information.QR codes are also able to encode symbols which are great for other countries who speak a different language to use them. Not only does a QR code use less space than a conventional bar-code but it also can be damaged and missing up to 30% of the code from damage or wear and it will still be able to be read. Conventional bar-codes had to be scanned in certain directions where a QR code can be scanned at 360 degrees and even integrated into graphics and shown at any angle and can still be read. 

structure of QR code symbol

Each QR code symbol is constituted by nominally square modules, to form a square

array, which consists of encoding regions and functioning regions, including target

search, separator, image and graphics features, positioning and correction of graphics.

Functioning regions cannot be used for data encoding. The symbols are surrounded by

blank space around, as shown in followed figure.

Fig 3.2Structure of QR code symbol

QR code symbol has a total of 40 kinds of specifications, namely version 1, version 2,

until version 40. Specifications of version 1 is 21×21, and version 2 is 25×25, and so

on. Each version increases with 4 modules on each side than the previous version, up

to version 40, specifications of177×177 .

Fig:3.3Various version of QR code

Barcodes such as the UPC have become a ubiquitous element of modern

civilization, as evidenced by their enthusiastic adoption by stores around the world;

almost every item other than fresh produce from a grocery store, department store,

and mass merchandiser has a UPC barcode on it.[citation needed] This helps track

items and also reduces instances of shoplifting involving price tag swapping, although

shoplifters can now print their own barcodes.[12] In addition, retail chain membership

cards (issued mostly by grocery stores and specialty "big box" retail stores such as

sporting equipment, office supply, or pet stores) use bar codes to uniquely identify

consumers, allowing for customized marketing and greater understanding of

individual consumer shopping patterns. At the point of sale, shoppers can get product

discounts or special marketing offers through the address or e-mail address provided

at registration.

Barcodes can allow for the organization of large amounts of data. They are widely used in the healthcare and hospital settings, ranging from patient identification (to access patient data, including medical history, drug allergies, etc.) to medication management. They are also used to facilitate the separation and indexing of documents that have been imaged in batch scanning applications, track the organization of species in biology,[13] and integrate with in-motion checkweighers to identify the item being weighed in a conveyor line fordata collection.

They can also be used to keep track of objects and people; they are used to keep track of rental cars, airline luggage, nuclear waste,registered mail, express mail and parcels. Barcoded tickets allow the holder to enter sports arenas, cinemas, theatres, fairgrounds, and transportation, and are used to record the arrival and departure of vehicles from rental facilities etc. This can allow proprietors to identify duplicate or fraudulent tickets more easily. Barcodes are widely used in shop floor control applications software where employees can scan work orders and track the time spent on a job

Barcodes are also used in some kinds of non-contact 1D and 2D position sensors. A series of barcodes are used in some kinds of absolute 1D linear encoder. The barcodes are packed close enough together that the reader always has one or two barcodes in its field of view.

B. Implementation

This system has two important steps, QR code generation and recognition.

1）Generation of QR codes

QR codes used to identify the goods are generated according to specific

protocols, thus it’s necessary to design and produce a QR code symbol generator. This

system usesActionScript3 open source QR code symbol generation algorithm to

design the QR code symbols generator based on Adobe Flash, which can generate QR

code symbol in accordance with the QR code recognition protocol. The symbol will

then be used to represent the tag of shelf goods.

Fig 3.4Interface of QR code symbol generator

2）Recognition of QR code

This system uses ActionScript3 open source QR code symbol recognition

algorithm , which is the reverse of algorithm generated by QR code symbol. We

design the QR code symbol recognition through this algorithm by using Adobe Flash.

For the QR code symbols are used to expand their storage contents, it is easy to

identify as long as the QR code symbol is standard..

IV. CONCLUSION

This article presented a mall shopping guiding solution. The difference from

other shopping guide is that it achieved regional positioning and shopping guide by

using QR code symbol recognition run on a common smart mobile phone.

Using our system, one can obtain information of the location and the surroundings of

a shopping mall. The system can also help shopping mall to mine customer data more

accurately and scientifically. This system is still at an experimental stage, high

CPUutilization of QR code symbol identifying needs to be improved. Different from

PC application, CPU utilization rate will directly affects the durability of mobile

phone batteries.

V. REFERENCES

[1] Gu Xiaoyu. Over 60 per hundred people has a mobile phone in China. Beijing

Times, 2011.2

[2] Analysis think tank. Reached 288 million mobile Internet users in 4th quarter of

2010. Net ease reported, 2011.2.

[3] Cui Ping. Marketing science. Machinery Industry Press, 2005.

[4] Li Tianwen. Principles and applications of GPS. Science Press, 2007

[5] Food in China. National standards of QR code symbol. China Network,2010 .

[6] Li Luo, Fu Lei. Application and practice of Flash. China Water Power Press, 2008

[7] Kentaro Fukuchi. QR encodes Documentation. http://fukuchi.org/, 2006.

[8] A. Alapetite. Dynamic 2d-barcodes for multi-devic web session migration .

including mobile phones Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 2010.

[9] Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

[10] QR code feature| QR code .com(http:/www.denso-wave.com/qrcode/qrfeature-

ehtml)Denso-wave