Copy of L 3 Malacca GÇôThe earliest Malay Kingdom

8/7/2019 Copy of L 3 Malacca GÇôThe earliest Malay Kingdom

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MalaccaMalacca--The Earliest Malay KingdomThe Earliest Malay Kingdom

Malacca small fishing village turned to great port inMalacca small fishing village turned to great port in1515 thth centurycentury

Founder Parameswara a Srivijayan prince inFounder Parameswara a Srivijayan prince inPalembangPalembangRebelled against increasing tyranny of MajapahitRebelled against increasing tyranny of Majapahitoverlordship. Involved in civil war, lost and fledoverlordship. Involved in civil war, lost and fledReached Temasik (Singapore)Reached Temasik (Singapore)Killed ruler Tamagi under Siamese protectionKilled ruler Tamagi under Siamese protectionEnemies increased. Threatened by Siamese.Enemies increased. Threatened by Siamese.



Ruled Temasik for 5 yearsRuled Temasik for 5 yearsAttacked by SiamAttacked by SiamAgain fled, reached Muar and moved further north toAgain fled, reached Muar and moved further north to

Sungai BertamSungai BertamHappy with the place he was restingHappy with the place he was restingAccepted by the small Malacca communityAccepted by the small Malacca communitynamed it Melaka in 1402/1403named it Melaka in 1402/1403

1414 converted to Islam1414 converted to IslamTook the title Sultan Iskandar ShahTook the title Sultan Iskandar ShahCapable, ambitiousCapable, ambitiousEstablished strong ties with India and ChinaEstablished strong ties with India and China

Emerged as centre of maritime trade and propagationEmerged as centre of maritime trade and propagationof Islamof Islam



Malacca As a Centre of TradeMalacca As a Centre of Trade

Strategically located, calm sea and deep seaStrategically located, calm sea and deep seacondusive for big shipscondusive for big shipsDense jungle and mountain to the northDense jungle and mountain to the north

Protected by Sumatera from monsoon windsProtected by Sumatera from monsoon windsMidway between India and China (halfway house)Midway between India and China (halfway house)Developed strong ties with foreign countries esp. withDeveloped strong ties with foreign countries esp. withIndia China and Middle EastIndia China and Middle EastReasonable tax systemReasonable tax systemusage of currency convenient for transaction andusage of currency convenient for transaction anddevelopment of tradedevelopment of trade

k1



Slide 3

k1 pedekoin du, 8/24/2009



Tra de inc reas ed fu rth er with poli t ic a l exp an s ion Tra de inc reas ed fu rth er with poli t ic a l exp an s ion t o o th er stat es in Penin su la Ma laya an dt o o th er stat es in Penin su la Ma laya an dSum at eraSum at era

Pira c y un de r con trolPira c y un de r con trolPara me swara s eff ici en t gov ern me n t made it Para me swara s eff ici en t gov ern me n t made it po ss ibl e f o r Ma lacc a t o pro spe rpo ss ibl e f o r Ma lacc a t o pro spe rSyst em at ic tra d in g syst emSyst em at ic tra d in g syst emcl ear c ut tra d in g p olic ycl ear c ut tra d in g p olic y

3% ta x f o r loc a l tra de rs an d 6 % on f o re ign 3% ta x f o r loc a l tra de rs an d 6 % on f o re ign tra de rstra de rs



4 types of shah bandar to cater for the needs of 4 types of shah bandar to cater for the needs of traders from Middle East, India, China and Malaytraders from Middle East, India, China and MalayArchipelago respectivelyArchipelago respectivelyRose rapidly as a commercial port, providing aRose rapidly as a commercial port, providing anucleas of the growing resistance to Majapahit.Ricenucleas of the growing resistance to Majapahit.Ricefrom Sumatera entered Malacca.from Sumatera entered Malacca.

Became wellBecame well- -lit bazaar in Malacca Straits anlit bazaar in Malacca Straits analternative for those who wish to escape from thealternative for those who wish to escape from theexactions of Majapahit at the Sunda Straits.exactions of Majapahit at the Sunda Straits.



Malacca was independent, conveniently placedMalacca was independent, conveniently placedand efficient, traders from Indiaand efficient, traders from India

(Gujarat,Coromandal and Bengal) brought(Gujarat,Coromandal and Bengal) broughtcotton cloth during the monsoon to becotton cloth during the monsoon to bedistributed later to the islands. They returndistributed later to the islands. They returnwith tin, gold, camphor (Borneo), cloveswith tin, gold, camphor (Borneo), cloves(Moluccas), luxury goods like silk, porcelein(Moluccas), luxury goods like silk, porceleinand ornamental work (China)and ornamental work (China)



From Persia and Arabia weapons, perfumes,From Persia and Arabia weapons, perfumes,Arabian cloths, Persian drugsArabian cloths, Persian drugs

From China silk, brocades satins,porcelainFrom China silk, brocades satins,porcelainFrom Malacca to China, pepper from SumatraFrom Malacca to China, pepper from Sumatraand India, Indian cloth and opium from Persiaand India, Indian cloth and opium from Persia

Engaged in a profitable trade with Burma andEngaged in a profitable trade with Burma andvast area of island Malaya.vast area of island Malaya.



Malacca as a Centre for the Spread of IslamMalacca as a Centre for the Spread of Islam

Islam came to Malacca with traders first withIslam came to Malacca with traders first withIndian and then with Arab tradersIndian and then with Arab tradersIslam spread from Malacca to the rest of Islam spread from Malacca to the rest of Malay ArchipelagoMalay ArchipelagoBecame feasble due to common language or Became feasble due to common language or lingua francalingua francaMalay commonly used even though 82Malay commonly used even though 82languages were spoken in Malaccalanguages were spoken in Malacca



Parameswara embraced Islam 1414Parameswara embraced Islam 1414People followedPeople followed

Brought many more Muslim traders toBrought many more Muslim traders toMalaccaMalaccaIslam spread along the trade routes as a theIslam spread along the trade routes as a the

most important commodity that Malacca ever most important commodity that Malacca ever transhipped and exported, bringing to an endtranshipped and exported, bringing to an endthe rich Hindu and Buddhist empires.the rich Hindu and Buddhist empires.



Collapse of Majapahit Empire in the 15Collapse of Majapahit Empire in the 15 thth century,century,Islam began its rapid penetration.Islam began its rapid penetration.Majapahit was hated and states under its forces brokeMajapahit was hated and states under its forces brokeaway and allied themselves with other Islamic states.away and allied themselves with other Islamic states.Malacca was determined to resist MajapahitMalacca was determined to resist Majapahitsovereignty. It paid to be a Muslim to attract to one¶ssovereignty. It paid to be a Muslim to attract to one¶s

port the great trade that would follow. Muslim traders port the great trade that would follow. Muslim tradersstarted to concentrate. Malacca also attracted statesstarted to concentrate. Malacca also attracted statesthat had won or wish to win the independence of that had won or wish to win the independence of Malacca.Malacca.



Malacca also under the protective wing of Malacca also under the protective wing of Ming ChinaMing ChinaIslam spread peacefully throughout the vastIslam spread peacefully throughout the vastchain of islands by maritime trade and by royalchain of islands by maritime trade and by royalmarriagemarriageSea routes became the commercial arteriesSea routes became the commercial arteries

converting the coastal inhabitantsconverting the coastal inhabitantsThe common faith brought more contactsThe common faith brought more contactsin Malaccain Malacca



The trader was the nucleas of the new faith inThe trader was the nucleas of the new faith ineach island port. His faith would be followedeach island port. His faith would be followed

by the ruler and then his people by the ruler and then his peopleSpread of Islam intensified after coming of Spread of Islam intensified after coming of ChristianityCoastal people in Sumatera, Java,ChristianityCoastal people in Sumatera, Java,Borneo, Celebes and other islands becameBorneo, Celebes and other islands becameMuslimMuslim



In Malaya, intermarriages played an importantIn Malaya, intermarriages played an important part. Malay leaders of the various states sought part. Malay leaders of the various states sought by marriage (with Malaccan or other Muslim by marriage (with Malaccan or other Muslimroyalty or with the wealthy Arabian traders) toroyalty or with the wealthy Arabian traders) to

protect themselves against a resurgence of protect themselves against a resurgence of Javanese or Siamese influence and also toJavanese or Siamese influence and also to

share the economic blessings that came withshare the economic blessings that came withIslamIslam



O nce the ruler was converted, the courtO nce the ruler was converted, the courtfollowed. The democracy and simple dogma of followed. The democracy and simple dogma of Islam secured a firm footing in SEA.Islam secured a firm footing in SEA.

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Copy of L 3 Malacca GÇôThe earliest Malay Kingdom