Copy and correct the following Copy and correct the following sentencesentence

Do you know Billy Collins's poem On Do you know Billy Collins's poem On Turning Ten she askedTurning Ten she asked

"Do you know Billy Collins's poem "Do you know Billy Collins's poem 'On Turning Ten'?" she asked.'On Turning Ten'?" she asked.

Homework• Brainstorm research paper topics which you

would be interested in writing about. • The topic must be a specific social or political issue

in which you are answering a question and presenting an argument for a certain case.

• Make sure that you can find enough resources on this specific topic to use.

Final product: Research question that you would like to answer in your paper. Remember, it must be approved by me.

SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & QUOTATIONQUOTATION

What do summaries, What do summaries, paraphrases, and quotes allow paraphrases, and quotes allow writers to do?writers to do?

They are 3 ways of incorporating They are 3 ways of incorporating other writers' ideas into your other writers' ideas into your own writing.own writing.

SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & SUMMARY, PARAPHRASE, & QUOTATIONQUOTATION

How do summaries, paraphrases, How do summaries, paraphrases, and quotes differ from one and quotes differ from one another?another?

They differ according to the similarity They differ according to the similarity of of youryour writing to the source writing. writing to the source writing.

They differ according to the They differ according to the level of level of specificityspecificity in communicating the in communicating the ideas of the source writing.ideas of the source writing.

QUOTATIONQUOTATION

Is identical to the original—word for word.

Is the most specific of the three techniques, but should be used the least.

Should never stand by itself as a complete sentence (known as a “floating quote”). Instead, integrate every quote into a sentence of your own.

Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

Where do you introduce your quotation?

At the beginning:

Professor Mahmoud Aziz asserts that Hemingway's reputation "is in large part dependent upon the real-world exploits of the author" (23).

Or in the middle of the quotation:

"Education without attention to the arts," explains theorist Elliot Eisner, "would be an impoverished enterprise" (1).

Or at the end:

"They can run, but they can't hide," warned President Bush during a recent press conference (52).  

PARAPHRASEPARAPHRASE Is a precise restatement of a short passage

—usually no more than a sentence or two. Is more specific than summary, but more

general than a quotation Requires that you clearly understand the

original passage so you do not distort its meaning.

Uses your own original wording and sentence structure—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

Is usually very close to the same length as the original passage.

Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

SUMMARYSUMMARY

Is a general restatement of the main idea of a passage.

Is the most general of the three techniques. Requires that you clearly understand the

original passage so you do not distort its meaning.

Uses your own original wording and sentence structure—otherwise, it’s plagiarism.

Is much shorter in length than the original. Requires a parenthetical citation—otherwise,

it’s plagiarism. A parenthetical citation consists of the author’s last

name and the page number(s) of the borrowed material in parentheses. For example: (Smith 12).

EXAMPLEEXAMPLEYasmine Moll says, “ I know many Egyptians that are born and raised in Canada and they are a little mixed up. They don’t really feel Egyptians in certain ways; although their families try to instill in them certain values, they don’t see these values around them.”

ParaphraseParaphrase Yasmine Moll stresses Yasmine Moll stresses

how Egyptians living how Egyptians living in Canada hardly in Canada hardly understand the understand the difference between difference between the principles stressed the principles stressed by their families and by their families and those of the society.those of the society.

SummarySummary Yasmine Moll Yasmine Moll

clarifies that clarifies that Egyptians born Egyptians born abroad can hardly abroad can hardly maintain their maintain their traditions.traditions.

CritiqueCritique To critique a paper, you are trying to discover To critique a paper, you are trying to discover

the weaknesses in the argument that the author the weaknesses in the argument that the author is makingis making

Look for:Look for: Claims - what the author is claiming to be trueClaims - what the author is claiming to be true Evidence - information that backs up claims Evidence - information that backs up claims

e.g. references to other papers, statistical e.g. references to other papers, statistical data,etc.data,etc.

Think aboutThink about Rebuttals - arguments why the claim might Rebuttals - arguments why the claim might

not be truenot be true Counter-evidence - evidence that contradicts Counter-evidence - evidence that contradicts

the claimthe claim

BellworkBellworkCopy the question and the correct answer.Which of the following scenarios would require the author to cite the information in his or her writing project? A. Michael wrote an informational essay on how to change a transmission.B. Susan wrote a personal narrative about her mother's car accident.C. Kelly quoted Shakespeare in her essay

about famous sonnets.D. Walter wrote a persuasive essay about

zero tolerance for athletes.

BellworkBellworkWhich of the following scenarios would require the author to cite the information in his or her writing project?

C. Kelly quoted Shakespeare in her essay about famous sonnets.

Why?Duh, because she quoted from a work

that was not her own.

Bellwork part 2Bellwork part 2Copy the question and the correct answer.Which of the following scenarios would not require the author to cite the source of his or her information? A. Carol wrote a biography on the life of Anne Frank and included quotes from her diary.B. Neil showed constellation charts from NASA to present his report about stars.C. Scott used FDA statistics to write a persuasive essay on the dangers of fast food.D. Margaret wrote an expository piece on how to ride English style on horseback.

Bellwork part 2Bellwork part 2Which of the following scenarios would not require the author to cite the source of his or her information?

D. Margaret wrote an expository piece on how to ride English style on horseback.

Why?Duh, because she’s writing from first-

hand experience.

NowNow

After we all listen and read the NPR After we all listen and read the NPR article “Conn., N.Y. Governors Want article “Conn., N.Y. Governors Want Tighter Gun Control” by Jeff Cohen, Tighter Gun Control” by Jeff Cohen, let’s look at an example of a let’s look at an example of a summarysummary, a , a paraphraseparaphrase, and a , and a critiquecritique of the article. of the article.

Say, how would you cite this Say, how would you cite this article on your works cited article on your works cited

page?page?

Well, the format looks like this: Well, the format looks like this: "Title of episode or segment." Title of program or series. Name of network. Broadcast date. Web. Date of access.

So, this report would be cited like this:So, this report would be cited like this:"Conn., N.Y. Governors Want Tighter Gun

Control." Around the Nation. NPR. 10 Jan. 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.

PLAGIARISMPLAGIARISM

IF YOU PLAGIARIZE, YOU WILL FAIL!!! …IF YOU PLAGIARIZE, YOU WILL FAIL!!! …any time you take a writer’s words and any time you take a writer’s words and use them as your own, you are use them as your own, you are plagiarizingplagiarizing

Properly completed source cards and Properly completed source cards and note cards are the best way to organize note cards are the best way to organize your research and prevent plagiarism.your research and prevent plagiarism.

What goes on a What goes on a source cardsource card??

The MLA citation for any source that is The MLA citation for any source that is used the research process.used the research process.

What could be considered a source?What could be considered a source?

And what is MLA citation look like?And what is MLA citation look like?

What is a source?What is a source?

Television Shows

Magazines Newspapers

Reports

Movies

Songs

Books

Websites

Speeches

Poems

ShortStories

What is MLA?What is MLA?

MM

LL

AA

odern

anguage

ssociation

What does MLA citation look What does MLA citation look like?like?

For a book:For a book:Lastname, Firstname. Lastname, Firstname. Title of BookTitle of Book. .

Place of Publication: Publisher, Year Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. of Publication. Medium of Publication.

Example:Example:

Sallis, James. Sallis, James. DriveDrive. New York: Mariner . New York: Mariner Books, 2011. Print.Books, 2011. Print.

MLA citationMLA citationNow, working in pairs, take a book from Now, working in pairs, take a book from

the classroom library and write a the classroom library and write a citation for it using the template below:citation for it using the template below:

Lastname, Firstname. Lastname, Firstname. Title of BookTitle of Book. Place . Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Medium of Publication. Publication. Medium of Publication.

MLA citationMLA citationNow, trade your citation and your Now, trade your citation and your

book to a different pair of book to a different pair of students, write your name on the students, write your name on the bottom of their paper, and check bottom of their paper, and check the citation. the citation.

Circle anything in their citation Circle anything in their citation that is incorrect and pass it back that is incorrect and pass it back to them to fix.to them to fix.

Let’s look at two examples.Let’s look at two examples.

1.1.

2. 2.

BellworkBellworkCopy the question and the correct answer.Which of the following examples is the correct way to cite information within the text of a writing project? A. (Homer p. 98) A barometer measures the

barometric pressure in the atmosphere.B. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (Homer p.98).C. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere. (Homer p 98)D. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (p. 98 Homer).

BellworkBellworkCopy the question and the correct answer.Which of the following examples is the correct way to cite information within the text of a writing project?

B. A barometer measures the barometric pressure in the atmosphere (Homer p.98).

Why? Because the parenthetical citation should include author’s last name, page number,

and a period outside the parenthesis.

Bellwork part 2Bellwork part 2Copy the question and the correct answer.What type of information needs to be cited in a writing project?

A. only information that is directly quoted from an outside, published sourceB. the information paraphrased, summarized,

or quoted from a published outside sourceC. only the information gathered from the books listed in the project's bibliographyD. only information gathered from famous philosophers and scientists

Bellwork part 2Bellwork part 2Copy the question and the correct answer.What type of information needs to be cited in a writing project?

B. the information paraphrased, summarized, or quoted from a published outside source

BellworkBellwork

I need a volunteer to read an article from The New Yorker on reaction to Obama’s

potential executive orders on gun control.

As we listen and read, practice your skills of critique. What arguments are being

presented and what are the flaws in each?

Now, let’s watch a video from The Huffington Post on the same story.

HomeworkBased on the approval of your research question, over the three day weekend, locate two reliable online sources on your research topic. They should be contrasting sources: one would represent your stance and the other would represent the opposing stance of your issue.

Product due Tuesday: a direct quote, paraphrase, or summary of both articles/webpages WITH the complete URL of the site. You may simply print the articles/webpages and highlight or write them out on notebook paper.

MLA CitationMLA Citation

Article in a Newspaper or MagazineArticle in a Newspaper or Magazine

Author(s). "Title of Article." Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Title of PeriodicalPeriodical Day Month Year: pages. Day Month Year: pages. Medium of publication.Medium of publication.

MLA CitationMLA CitationNewspaper ExampleNewspaper Example

Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." County's Uninsured Patients." Washington PostWashington Post 24 May 2007: G1. Print. 24 May 2007: G1. Print.

Magazine ExampleMagazine Example

Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." TimeTime 20 Nov. 2000: 70-71. Print. 20 Nov. 2000: 70-71. Print.

What’s the only difference between the What’s the only difference between the two?two?

The page numbers in a newspaper include The page numbers in a newspaper include a letter, magazines typically do not.a letter, magazines typically do not.

__

____

MLA CitationMLA Citation

___

Movie (on DVD)Movie (on DVD)

Movie TitleMovie Title. Dir. Firstname Lastname. Perf. . Dir. Firstname Lastname. Perf. Firstname Lastname, Firstname Firstname Lastname, Firstname Lastname, and Firstname Lastname. Lastname, and Firstname Lastname. Distributor, Year. DVD.Distributor, Year. DVD.

What are these? What are these?

Dir.- DirectorDir.- Director Perf.- Performers (Stars)Perf.- Performers (Stars)

Be sure to include these abbreviations Be sure to include these abbreviations

in your citation.in your citation.

__

Where do you find all Where do you find all this information for a this information for a

movie?movie?

The Usual Suspects. Dir. Bryan Singer. Perf. Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Chazz Palminteri, Kevin Pollack, Pete Postlethwaite, Kevin Spacey. Polygram, 1995. DVD.

What do we need for our What do we need for our citation?citation?

MLA CitationMLA CitationSong (on CD)Song (on CD)

Musical Artist. “Song Title.” Musical Artist. “Song Title.” Album TitleAlbum Title. Record . Record Manufacturer, Release Year. CD.Manufacturer, Release Year. CD.

ExampleExample

Lil Wayne. “Dr. Carter.” Lil Wayne. “Dr. Carter.” Tha Carter IIITha Carter III. Cash Money . Cash Money Records, 2008. CD.Records, 2008. CD.

What if you use the whole album as a source?What if you use the whole album as a source?

Lil Wayne. Lil Wayne. Tha Carter IIITha Carter III. Cash Money Records, 2008. . Cash Money Records, 2008. CD.CD.

Just take out the song title.Just take out the song title.

So what goes on a source card?So what goes on a source card?

The complete citation for the source.The complete citation for the source.

Example: Example:

Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets Targets County's Uninsured Patients." County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Washington PostPost 24 May 2007: G1. 24 May 2007: G1. Print. Print.

What goes on a notecard?What goes on a notecard?

During research a writer wants to compile During research a writer wants to compile a good supply of supporting facts and a good supply of supporting facts and data; data; each oneeach one (in the form of a quote, (in the form of a quote, summary, or paraphrase) should be summary, or paraphrase) should be correctly recorded on a notecard.correctly recorded on a notecard.

There are four pieces of information that There are four pieces of information that must be included on each notecard.must be included on each notecard.

1. Card Topic1. Card TopicTopic is the kind of information on the card.

Think of it as the title, or main idea of the card. After writing down the information, figure out how you could briefly categorize, or title it.

2. Source Title2. Source Title The The source titlesource title is the name of the is the name of the

book, magazine, website, etc., in book, magazine, website, etc., in which you found the information. which you found the information.

3. Notes3. Notes

The information from that The information from that source on that page number source on that page number on that topic that has been on that topic that has been quoted, summarized, or quoted, summarized, or paraphrased. paraphrased.

4. page numbers4. page numbers

It is important to be accurate It is important to be accurate with the with the page numberspage numbers on on your note cards, as you will your note cards, as you will need them for citations need them for citations throughout your research throughout your research paper. paper.

Sample Note CardsSample Note CardsOrganized by Card TopicOrganized by Card Topic