Upload
kadeem-bell
View
29
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Conversion of food into nutrients: Recipe Calculation. Nazma Shaheen, PhD Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka. Steps for recipe calculations. • Collect recipes • Decide on recipe calculation system • Enter all necessary NVs of all ingredients into your system - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Conversion of food into nutrients:Recipe Calculation
Nazma Shaheen, PhDInstitute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka
Steps for recipecalculations
• Collect recipes
• Decide on recipe calculation system
• Enter all necessary NVs of all
ingredients into your system
• Run calculation programme
• Document
Yield and retention factors• Yield factor (YF): % weight change in
foods or recipes due to cooking.
• Nutrient retention factor (RF): % retention
of nutrients, especially vitamins and minerals, in
food or dish after, e.g. storage, preparation,
processing, warm holding or reheating.
• Edible coefficient (ED): % weight loss
when discarding inedible weight from a foodPublished ED, RFs and YF not available for all foods. Best to
measure ED and YF
Recipe calculation systems1. Summing of raw ingredients (not
recommended)
2. Ingredient method
3. Total recipe method
4. Mixed method (yield at recipe level and
nutrient retention at ingredient level)
Ingredient method• Sum weight of each ingredient as in
consumed recipe (edible, yield and retention factors applied at ingredient level)
• The nutrient values of the recipe will be
calculated based on the weight of the
relative proportion of each ingredient
• Check that yield factors are applied to
fluids
Advantages
• need to know weight loss at ingredient level (what is also needed to calculate value of cooked food)
• no need to decide to which category recipe
belongs
• unequal weight loss of ingredients taken into account
• Disadvantages
• only estimated weight loss of recipe (not
measured for whole recipe)
Total recipe methodSum weight of each raw ingredient as
in recipe
• Measure fat and water change
• Apply yield and retention factors at
recipe level based on food group of main ingredient
Total recipe methodAdvantages
• weight loss is measured, therefore more precise
• Disadvantages
• more measurements needed
• need to decide to which category recipe
belongs
• unequal weight loss of ingredients not taken into account
Calculation methods for recipes
IngredientMethod
Ingredient 1: NV x 1/YF x RFIngredient 2: NV x 1/YF x RFIngredient 3: NV x 1/YF x RF------------------------------------------Recipe: Sum of above
RecipeMethod
Ingredient 1: NVIngredient 2: NVIngredient 3: NV----------------------------------------------Recipe: Sum of above x 1/YF x RF
MixedMethod
Ingredient 1: NV x RFIngredient 2: NV x RFIngredient 3: NV x RF----------------------------------------Recipe: Sum of above x 1/YF
Cooked foods are single ingredient recipes
to calcualte NVs of cooked foods based on same food (raw or other cooked method)
Concept:
- NV of raw/cooked food derived from national FCT
- apply yield factor linked to a specific cooking
method (weight loss can be water and/or fat).
- apply retention factors
- for fatty meat and poultry (> 5% fat in raw food)
used as foods, a fat loss (FL) coefficient will be
applied as fat is leaking out of the food
Steps for recipe calculation
Select or develop appropriate recipe Collect the weight and nutrient content data for
each ingredient Correct the ingredient nutrient levels for weight
of edible portions where appropriate Correct the ingredients for the effects of cooking either- if data for the cooked ingredients are not
available, use yield factors to adjust from raw to cooked weight;
Cont……….
or
If data for the cooked ingredients are not available, use data for the uncooked ingredients and apply yield factors to adjust for weight changes and retention factors for nutrient losses or gains during cookingSum the weight of the ingredients to obtain the weight of the recipeSum the nutrient values of the ingredients to obtain the nutrient value of the recipeAdjust the recipe weight and nutrient levels to reflect changes in fat/water contents when the whole mixture is
Cont……….
cooked; make any additional refuse adjustments; apply retention factors if available for the whole recipe.Determine the quantity of prepared food produced by the recipe.Determine the final values per weight (e.g. per 100g), volume(e.g. per cup) or serving portion, as described
Recipe Calculation Systems
1. Ingredient Method Sum weight of each ingredient as in
consumed recipe ( edible, yield, retention factors applied at ingredient level).
The nutrient values of the recipe will be calculated based on the weight of the relative proportion of each ingredient
Check that yield factors are applied to fluids
Example for Ingredient method of recipe calculation
Chicken Curry200g raw chicken meat n.s.[xEDxRC]=138g curry chicken meat without inedible
200g Potato[xEdx RC]=132.72g curry potato without inedible
200g water[xRc]= 100g water left in cooked recipe
Total weight: 371 g total recipe weight as consumed
For 100g recipe : 371/3.71 => (138/3.71g+132.7/3.71g+100/3.71g)Vitamin Mineral Loss(VML) are applied at recipe level
Recipe calculation Systems2.Total recipe method
Sum weight of each raw ingredient as in recipeMeasure water & fat changeApply yield & retention factors at recipe level based on food group of main ingredient
Example for Total recipe method Chicken Curry200g raw chicken meat 200g raw potato200g water
Total: 600g raw recipe weight=> 400g cooked recipe weight
Nutrients of raw ingredientsFor 100g recipe = --------------------------------- x 100 Weight of cooked recipe
Vitamin Mineral Loss(VML) are applied at recipe level
Exercise Calculate the nutrient content of Pishpash
Ingredients Vegetable oil 14gRice 28g Cumin 1gLentil 28g Turmeric 0.5gPotato 10g Onion 10gCarrot 10g Salt 2gSpinach 5g Water 350ml
Potato, Carrots, Onion and Spinach are sliced into small pieces & then is mixed with all the other ingredients. Water is then added and allowed to cook till the grains and vegetables are very soft & semi solid.
Weight of cooked pishpash = 120g
Let us take a balanced diet for perfect Health