Compiled by: P. Kalama, M. Mulaa and T. Kwambai
For Further Information, Contact: Centre Director
KALRO-Kitale
P.O. Box 450-30200 Kitale Wireless 020-359161
Email:
[email protected] http://www.kalro.org
KALRO Information Brochure Series No. 2017/018
Kshs. 30
3.HOT CHILLI Chillies (Hot pepper)
• Chop 500 g ( 2cups) fresh fruits of chillies • Mix with 5 l. of
water and leave for 24 hours
( or you may boil chillies in water for 20 minutes).
• Sieve the extract and add an extra 5 l. of water then add an
equal amount of soapy water to make 20 l. of water enough to treat
an acre
4.GARLIC Can be intercropped with other vegetables such as kales
and tomatoes. Acts as a repellant. Extracts can also be made using
garlic.
Control: Leaf miners, white flies, aphids
Hot pepper fruits
• Pyrethrum, neem, tephrosia chilli, rotenone, rynia, sabadilla,
tobacco
• Others that are referred to as repellants e.g. Garlic, magical
marigold, pawpaw, Aloe vera.
Advantages of botanical pesticides Botanical pesticides are not
efficient as chemicals, but they have advantages such as:
• Made on or near farm with locally available plant material
• Are cheaper to make. • Are generally much less harmful to pest
predators than chemical pesticides.
When to use Botanicals? • Botanicals are used effectively by
farmers
who have good knowledge of the pest problem: presence of pests,
intensity of damage, numbers that warrant control.
• Preparation of some botanical pesticides • Prepare botanical
pesticides by crushing
the leaves or fruit of selected plants and soaking the substrate in
water. The resultant mixture can be applied
Tephrosia plant
to the crops using either a sprayer or, if unavailable a twig
broom.
Examples:
1.TEPHROSIA
One part crushed leaves of Tephrosia are mixed with 5 parts water
and the mixture is blended with 500 g chilli that has been boiled
and then left to cool. The cooled solution is finally mixed with 30
g soap (white) and is ready for use.
Control: Aphids and caterpillars.
2. MEXICAN MARIGOLD A common ornamental plant that is used as a
plant repellant. The Mexican marigold roots exude a substance that
repels nematodes.
Mexican marigold and Tithonia preparation. • Cut Mexican marigold
plant and tithonia at
flowering time, chop the plants to fill half 50 litre drum
• Add 20 litre of water, cover the drum once every 2 days to
quicken decomposition
• Remove decomposed Mexican marigold and tithonia particles 5-10
days later and sieve the extract
• Dilute the mixture with 10 litre of soapy water.
• The solution is enough to spray a 1/2 an acre
• Extracts of Mexican marigold and chillies can be combined and
sprayed to control several pests
• The mixture is more active on various pests more than when each
is used alone
• Mexican marigold can be planted around the vegetable fields to
repel various insect pests and nematodes which could damage the
crop