Continuing Education at Home A Program o f Th e In s t i tu t e f or th e Stud y o f Hu man Knowled ge

• This printable version of the test for the above course is for your personal use

only. You may use it as an aid in reading and readying yourself to take the

online test. We do not accept tests for grading in this format.

• To submit your test, go to psychology-ce.org, sign in from the “My Courses”

tab, click the “Access Course” button and then the “Start online exam” link,

and enter your answers. You may return to the online test as often as you like

before submitting it.

• Once you submit your test online, it will immediately be graded and you will

know if you have passed. 80% of your answers must be correct, in order to

pass.

• When you pass, your certificate will be immediately available for

downloading.

• If you have questions, please contact us by email at CEatHome@ishk.net

Please allow 3 business days for us to respond to your inquiry.

Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy

12 CE CREDITS

papst_062719

page 2

1. Research has demonstrated ___________________________.

a. the relative effectiveness of modern psychoanalytic therapies compared to cognitive approaches

b. the effectiveness of verbal therapies when combined with a pharmaceutical regimen

c. that more variance in outcome arises from differences among therapists than from differences among

treatment approaches

d. all of the above

2. Beginning therapists need to know how to ____________________.

a. maintain their self-esteem

b. behave professionally and naturally

c. protect their own boundaries

d. all of the above

3. Major sources of influence to beginning therapists are __________________.

a. supervisors

b. personal experience in psychotherapy

c. professional texts and didactics

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

4. Factors that distinguish psychodynamic treatments from cognitive-behavioral treatments include

__________________.

a. focus on affect and the expression of emotion

b. emphasis on past experiences

c. emphasis on the therapeutic relationship

d. all of the above

5. A distinguishing factor in psychoanalytic therapies is ___________________.

a. transference reactions

b. the nature of the assumptions that underlie the therapist’s activity

c. whether free association is encouraged

d. whether childhood experiences are explored

6. ______________ are problems for which analytic treatment was devised.

a. Obsessions and compulsions

b. Sexual perversions

c. Personality disorders

d. Perseverative thoughts

7. A factor that led to define psychoanalysis as a medical procedure was the _______________.

a. standardization of method

b. establishment of scientific respectability

c. the need to control financial viability of the new treatment

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

8. This lawsuit opened the doors of all analytic institutes to nonmedical practitioners.

a. O’Connor v. the American Psychiatric association

b. Donaldson v. the American Medical Association

c. Welch v. the American Psychoanalytic Association

d. Jackson v. Indiana

papst_062719

page 3

9. Which of the following statements are supported by the text?

a. Few people who are attracted to the holistic, European philosophical traditions are interested in running carefully

controlled studies

b. In the “halcyon years,” traditional psychoanalytic institutes became contaminated by narcissistically related

processes

c. Freud’s ideas are notable for the tone of flexibility and respect for individual differences

d. Al of the above

10. Which processes are typically associated with psychoanalysis?

a. Rpression, transference, unconscious motivation, countertransference

b. Resistance, transference, abstinence, neutrality

c. Unconscious motivation, interpretation, transference, neutrality

d. Interpretation, resistance, transference, unconscious motivation

11. _______________ is a central concept in the psychoanalytic understanding of the therapy process

involving the disclosure to the client of the therapist’s feelings and mental images.

a. Elucidation

b. Enactment

c. Countertransference

d. Interpretation

12. According to Mitchell and Black (1995) universal beliefs and attitudes underpinning psychoanalytic

principles include ___________________.

a. respect for the complexity of the mind

b. the value of a sustained inquiry into subjective experience

c. consideration of the practice of psychotherapy as an art

d. 1 and 2

e. 1 and 3

f. 2 and 3

g. 1, 2 and 3

13. According to McWilliams, _____________________.

a. we seldom, if ever, know all the determinant of behavior

b. Freud considered his effort to make scientific sense of dreaming his greatest accomplishment

c. for those who practice psychoanalytically, it was an incident in personal therapy that yielded the greatest

appreciation of the importance of unconscious motivation

d. all of the above

14. The receptivity to whatever presents itself and the curiosity about the multitude of things it may mean has

been called _________________.

a. a mindful attitude

b. attentive openness

c. evenly hovering attention

d. the analytic approach

15. ___________________ is the term that refers to the fact that any significant psychological tendency

fulfills more than one unconscious function

a. Multiple function

b. Multiple determinants

c. Reverie

d. Predisposing determinants

papst_062719

page 4

16. The main instrument we have in our efforts to understand the people who come for help would be

_______________.

a. adherence to the analytic regimen

b. close attention to detail and objective analysis

c. empathy

d. all of the above

17. Psychodynamic clinicians understand individual psychologies and psychopathologies as determined by

complex interactions between lived experience and __________________.

a. normal developmental challenges

b. attachment style

c. early childhood experience

d. all of the above

18. The major role in psychotherapeutic healing __________________.

a. love

b. therapeutic listening

c. empathy

d. successful resolution of transference

19. To McWilliams, ____________ is a gut-level confidence in a process, despite inevitable moments of

skepticism, confusion, doubt, even despair.

a. composure

b. reliance

c. faith

d. conviction

20. The attraction to rigid ways of working __________________.

a. can be an effective way to handle new-therapist anxieties

b. is counterproductive to the therapeutic process

c. is often the resort of new therapists who do not have confidence in their abilities

d. may be a defense against anxieties about having one’s own conflicts stirred up by the material

21. This quote: “I am almost incapable of learning from my own mistakes unless I

have repeated them

several times” is attributed to _____________________.

a. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann

b. Theodor Reik

c. Harry Stack Sullivan

d. Jonathan Slavin

22 Clinicians work most effectively when __________________.

a. they have mastered a therapeutic modality

b. their personalities mesh with their clients

c. they relax and let their personalities become their therapeutic instrument

d. all of the above

23. McWilliams recommends picking a supervisor who __________________.

a. makes you feel safe

b. you respect for his/her expertise

c. can provide you with valuable resources and contacts to further your career

d. who can combine aspects of therapy as well as supervision

24. The most destructive affect a therapist can convey to a client _________________.

a. displeasure

b. disapprovalc. apathyd. contempt

papst_062719

page 5

25. “The Monday crust” refers to __________________.

a. an increase in defensiveness that may occur in analysis after a brief hiatus in treatment

b. the normal tendency to feel sad knowing that you've got an entire work day, or work week, ahead of you

c. any loss in therapeutic momentum

d. the ruminations of OCD clients who often perceive a lack of empathy or “hardness” on the part of their

analysts

26. According to Frieda Fromm-Reichmann personal treatment __________________.

a. can reduce the likelihood of acting out

b. increases the probability that the therapist will have a satisfying extraprofessional life

c. can allow the clinician to absorb hostile communications nondefensively

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

27. Which of the following statements are supported by the text?

a. At the most basic level, it is important for the therapist to know viscerally how it feels to be in the

patient role

b. The experience of psychotherapy gives us a model of how it works for which no textbook could possibly

substitute

c. When it goes well, psychoanalytic therapy feels to both parties like a conversation from the heart, not

the head

d. All of the above

28. The term Jung used to describe the capacity to hold open one’s subjective experience at times when there

is an internal pressure toward action or defense is ____________________.

a. potential space

b. transcendent function

c. play space

d. container of affect

29. Freud’s term “unobjectionable positive transference” has been superseded by ____________________.

a. rational transference

b. supportive presence

c. working alliance

d. therapeutic teamwork

30. __________________ noted that we must have our security needs met before we can pursue the question

of satisfaction of other needs.

a. Aristotle

b. Sullivan

c. Maslow

d. Fenichel

31. “Contracting for safety” ____________________.

a. has been an effective technique for keeping suicidal patients safe

b. has been effective in reducing liability and assuaging the anxiety of the therapist

c. both a and b

d. neither a nor b

papst_062719

page 6

32. ________________ is the reason offered by Wilhelm Reich as to why it is important to deal with negative

transferences in the earliest sessions

a. “The patient may not come back”

b. “Therapy may not “get off the ground”

c. “It is more likely that the patient will feel safe”

d. “All of the above”

33. Which of the following statements regarding resistance is supported by the text?

a. It can refer to any lack of cooperation with the therapist

b. The concept captures the fact that our psychic structures do not assimilate new experience easily

c. Freud identified resistance as an intrapsychic process rather than an interpersonal one

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

34. McWilliams regards this as the chief limitation of cognitive therapy: ______________.

a. Changes in behavior may not be long lasting

b. Changes in behavior are most likely not accompanied by insight into the originating problem

c. Participants underestimate the resistances to the therapist’s efforts to reframe existing ideas

d. All of the above

35. Over time, the bulk of the therapist’s work with affect involves ___________________.

a. helping patients to tolerate intense states of arousal

b. helping patients to name and formulate feelings

c. helping patients to acknowledge and enjoy emotional reactions that they previously considered shameful

d. all of the above

36. A reason to use the couch in analysis is that ___________________.

a. It allows the patient to enter a trance-like state that free association induces

b. It allows the therapist to join the patient in the trance-like state

c. It reduces the likelihood of countertransference

d. both a and b

37. ______________ is the term for the environment and relationship that enable the patient to be open about

his/her life with the therapist, in a secure and confidential manner.

a. Boundaries

b. Frame

c. Therapeutic confines

d. Ground rules

38. Many people, especially those ________, are remarkably skilled at putting therapists into binds in which

any response will be cause for outrage or hurt.

a. in the borderline range

b. who are sociopathic

c. in the manic phase

d. with an addictive diagnosis

39. McWilliams recommends that when insurance companies, disability evaluators, or police request

confidential information, __________________.

a. it is the responsibility of the therapist to comply with requests to the limits permitted by law

b. the therapist should decline such requests

c. each request should be evaluated as to its merits

d. the client should be consulted in each case

papst_062719

page 7

40. Some therapists recommend longer therapy sessions __________________.

a. for patients with obsessional defenses

b. for abreactive sessions with dissociative and traumatized patients

c. for couples

d. all of the above

41. As soon as a pattern of procrastination becomes evident, the therapist should ________________.

a. bill for lost time as a means to influence compliance

b. immediately address this concern as a focus of therapy

c. enforce the time boundary

d. both a and b

42. Fees for therapy ___________________.

a. should be negotiated at the first session

b. are often negatively compared to fees for activities based on doing, manufacturing, producing, etc.

c. should always be based on a sliding scale

d. should be set at a reasonably high rate to validate the value of therapy

43. The author recommends that clients with private insurance ____________________.

a. should wait until the therapist receives payment from the insurance company before paying the

remainder of the balance

b. should be treated no differently than patients without insurance

c. should pay their entire bill upfront and deal with insurance reimbursement themselves

d. be billed at a higher rate to make up for patients who do not have the ability to pay

44. When working with patients with psychopathic tendencies, it is advisable to __________________.

a. receive payment for all sessions in advance

b. record/tape all sessions

c. to have a panic button in your office to call a trusted person for assistance if needed

d. all the above

45. Clients who feel the need to reach out between sessions are advised to _____________________.

a. do relaxation exercises

b. meditate

c. call the therapist’s voice mail

d. all of the above

46. Explicitly self-serving explanations are much more believable than altruistic ones.

a. True

b. False

47. According to D.W. Winnicott, it is important for an infant to ___________________.

a. form a secure attachment with the mother

b. be alone in the presence of the mother

c. be touched

d. have sufficient stimulation to enhance the baby’s attention span, memory, curiosity

48. The condition of therapeutic receptiveness shares with hypnotic states the combination of ___________.

a. deep relaxation

b. enhanced capacity for concentration

c. suggestibility to new ideas

d. a and b

e. a and c

c. b and c

d. a, b and c

papst_062719

page 8

49. This psychoanalyst counseled therapists to listen to each person “without memory or desire.”

a. McWilliams

b. Bion

c. Freud

d. Casement

50. According to the author, which of the following is a profound goal of psychoanalytic treatment?

a. Self-knowledge

b. Self-acceptance

c. Relief of symptoms

d. All of the above

51. Which of the following is a listening perspective as delineated by Hedges (1983)?

a. Drive motivation themes

b. Self-psychological themes

c. Kleinian themes

d. Primitive, unstructured themes

52. ________________ is the most important feature of any intervention early in treatment.

a. The establishment of trust

b. Clarifying the frame

c. The communication that the therapist has been listening

d. Identifying issues that might constrain collaboration

53. The most typical mistake that beginning therapists make with mature, high functioning people is

_________________.

a. saying too much or speaking too often

b. providing possible explanations or analyses of particular behaviors

c. softening the boundary between clinician and client

d. all of the above

54. The author recommends _________________.

a. maintaining a central focus on psychoanalytic methods and processes

b. adopting a tone that is distant from your temperament if it is useful in furthering the analytic

process

c. exploring all forms of psychoanalytic practice (e.g., Jungian analysis, Adlerian analysis) if it helps

in the given situation

d. considering supplementing their work with non-psychoanalytic efforts if it reduces suffering

55. The one kind of power the analyst does not have in an authoritative role: the ability to _______________.

a. be seen as an ordinary person

b. suspend power

c. transform behavior through love

d. all of the above

56. Hans Strupp and colleagues, in a book titled Psychotherapy for Better or Worse, concluded that

______________ for some of the patients studied

a. psychotherapy is ineffectual

b. psychotherapy is damaging

c. psychotherapy is beneficial

d. b or c

57. “Analytic love” _____________________.

a. as a form of countertransference must be acknowledged and dealt with

b. refers to the love patients often bestow upon their therapists

c. can be a critical element in healingd. needs to be worked through in therapy

papst_062719

page 9

58. When meeting a patient at a chance event, McWilliams recommends that the therapist _____________.

a. not acknowledge the patient

b. follow the lead of the patient, if it is possible to figure out what that is

c. greet the patient warmly

d. give a brief nod and quickly walk away

59. In the Maori subcultures, ______________________.

a. the therapist symbolically becomes part of the family

b. therapy is considered taboo, not to be engaged in

c. therapy is tolerated for women but is considered a sign of weakness for men

d. therapists are revered as healers

60. When given an invitation to an event by a patient, _________________.a it is often wise to stall

b. it may be an attempt on the part of the patient to be known as an effective adult in the world outside

the consulting room

c. consider going on the condition that social interactions will be minimal

d. all of the above

61. The most dangerous situations for the therapist involve __________________.

a. inappropriate relations between therapists and clients

b. sexual abuse cases

c. child custody issues

d. malpractice allegations

62. If there is a good therapeutic reason for doing something unconventional, ____________________.

a. seek the opinion of an experienced colleague

b. keep a record of the event and the rationale for the decision

c. both a and b

d. consider consulting an attorney familiar with mental health law

63. Disclosure of therapist information vital to the patient may include _________________.

a. ethnic background

b. sexual orientation

c. spiritual orientation

d. all of the above

.

64. Strong feelings in a therapist that mirror the same feelings in a patient would be __________________.

a. concordant countertransference

b. complementary countertransference

c. corresponding transference

d. mutuality

65. When clients feel the overwhelming wish to be held ____________________.

a. and the therapist does so, the therapist may be implicitly accepting the patient’s need to be seen

as a needy child

b. they may be avoiding negative feelings

c. and the therapist does so, the therapist may feed the fantasy that he or she is responsible for coming

up with sources of comfort

d. all of the above

66. According to McWilliams, ____________________.

a. there is no credible rationale for having sex with an ex-patientb client’s attempts at seduction rarely express love and sexual attractionc it is often wise for a therapist to ignore sexual reactions towards clients as they are in control of thesituation and know these feelings will not be acted upond 1 and 2e 1 and 3f 2 and 3g 1, 2 and 3

papst_062719

page 10

67. Molly’s stated reason for entering psychotherapy was that _______________.

a. she felt powerless to stop her husband’s mistreatment of her

b. she saw her husband’s psychoanalytic treatment was producing impressive changes in him

c. she was feeling very anxious and had trouble sleeping

d. she began to cut herself on her upper arms and thighs

68. ____________ is Reik’s term for people who are masochistic in general rather than in the specifically

sexual sense.

a. Immature narcissism

b. Sacrificers

c. Moral masochist

d. Self-loathers

69. McWilliams did not interpret Molly’s recurring dreams, because she ______________.

a. did not know what they meant

b. thought that the primary task of interpretation belonged to the client

c. thought it would lead to intellectualization rather than integrated emotional understanding

d. both b and c

70. Molly’s important break in her emotional dam was precipitated by _________________.

a. her having to go to the hospital to be treated for injuries caused by her husband

b. her child’s illness

c. expressing for the first time grief over her sister’s death

d. her having an affair

71. Molly’s psychotherapy had given her ________________.

a. the pleasures of authenticity

b. the sense of agency

c. access to a depth of feeling

d. all of the above

72. Interminable psychoanalytic therapy is known as ________________.

a. the “Woody Allen syndrome”

b. the “Freudian Dilemma”

c. the psychoanalytic block

d. the “King Ludwig Syndrome”

73. The tendency to understand without interpreting, and then to comment when something shifted, has been

called by Fred Pine ________________.

a. “striking when the iron is cold”

b. delayed disclosure

c. concealed awareness

d. analytic suppression

74. Melanie Klein’s “depressive position” was later construed by Winnicott as ____________________.

a. “purpose with concern”

b. pre-integration aggressivenessc. "the stage of concern"d. the maturational process and the facilitating environment

papst_062719

page 11

75. McWilliams facetiously calls this one of her most cherished achievements: _________________.

a. learning to tell a “white lie” with a straight face

b. appearing interested when bored

c. the nose yawn

d. having her first paper rejected by fifteen professional journals

76. Donna referred unself-consciously to the self-titrated reduction of contact as __________________.

a. deferment

b. weaning

c. retreating

d. withdrawal

77. Which of the following were noted as Donna’s therapeutic achievements?

a. the ability to forgive herself and others

b. the emergence of a sense of humor

c. the capacity to use others as supportive resources

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

78. One of the most frequently asked questions of the analytic therapist is: __________________.

a. How long will analysis take?

b. How is talking going to help?

c. Will I need to take medication?

d. Must I lay on the couch?

79. What was pivotal to Molly’s recovery?

a. The realization that she did not have to resort to cutting herself to relieve tension.

b. Her discovery that she could hold an idea in her head and not act on it.

c. The effectiveness of taking medication as prescribed.

d. The realization that indiscriminate sexual encounters was not the pathway to achieving emotional

intimacy.

80. Significant disclosures made by clients at the end of an hour have been referred to as ________________.

a. departure revelations

b. exit exposés

c. transitory asides

d. doorknob communications

81. An “outcome” of analytic therapy includes: ______________________.

a. the mortality rate for male psychoanalysts is lower than that of virtually everybody else

b. psychotherapy strengthens the activity of the prefrontal cortex so that it will not be so easily

invaded by traumatic memories

c. an expanded capacity for sexual intimacy is a frequent byproduct

d. all of the above

82. Which statements are supported by the text?

a. What the subjectively “empty” client tends to learn in therapy is that self-esteem is not fed by

the accumulation of trophies or conquests but by the development of a sense of authenticity.

b. Increasing compassion for self and others can be viewed as a treatment goal equivalent to the

alleviation of suffering.

c. Crimes have to be acknowledged before they can be forgiven.d. a and be. a and cf. b and cg. a, b, and c

papst_062719

page 12

83. To satisfy her voyeuristic needs, McWilliams _________________.

a. attends movies with sexual themes

b. talks about her clients to her husband, disguising personal information

c. gossips

d. brings stories of her patients to a collegial therapist supervision group

84. The worst professional experiences tend to be ________________.

a. failing to prevent suicide

b. treating a patient who commits murder

c. failing to protect an innocent person from violence committed by your patient

d. a and b

e. a and c

f. b and c

g. a, b and c

85. The worst sin of psychoanalysis _________________.

a. is revealing a client confidence

b. is the substitution of ad hominem interpretations for criticisms of substance

c. is treating a client outside the scope of your competence

d. is breaking the sexual boundary

86. One famous attempt to correct misapplied Freudian theory is ________ seminal article, “The Two

Analyses of Mr. Z.”

a. Kohut’s

b. Winnicott’s

c. Marmor’s

d. Wallerstein’s

87. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann was inspired by the sixteenth century rabbi Isaac Luria who espoused the

principle of tikkun. According to this principle, __________________.

a. one must live one’s life with selfless altruism

b. to redeem one person is to redeem the world.

c. we must honor our neighbor as ourselves

d. the repair of the world begins with the repair of our own souls

88. In setting fees, therapists should consider ____________________.

a. time for reflection on the clinical process

b. unpaid cancellations

c. reading literature

d. all of the above

END OF TEST