llja SrubarShingo Shimada (Hrsg.)

Developmentof Sociologyin JapanJahrbuch furSoziologiegeschichte

VSVERLAG FOR SOZIALWISSENSCHAFTEN

Table of content

Introduction 11

Shimada Shingo

Bibliography 15

Acknowledgement 17

The History of Japanese Sociology until 1945 19

Akimoto Ritsuo

1 Modernization and the Introduction of Western Thought 192 Sociology in a Development State 253 Problems Surrounding the Sociology of Knowledge and

Its Acceptance in Japan 294 Development in Empirical Research 33

Bibliography 37

Sociology in Postwar Japan and Its Problems 39

Tominaga Ken 'ichi

1 Viewpoint of Seeing Postwar Sociology in Japan 391.1 Sociology in Postwar Japan 391.2 Expansion of Sociology in the Postwar Period 401.3 Items to be Investigated Concerning Postwar Sociology 412 The Continuity from Prewar to Postwar Sociology 422.1 From Prewar to Postwar 422.2 Major Streams in the Continuity 43

6 Table of content

2.3 The Dispute over the "Specialized" vs. "Synthetic" Sociology .... 463 Concerning the Micro-Macro Link through Weber and Parsons

(The Mainstream Theoretical Trend in Postwar JapaneseSociology) 48

3.1 Max Weber in Japan 483.2 Talcott Parsons in Japan 503.3 Toward the Micro-Macro Link through connecting the Theory

of Action and the Theory of Social System 524 Marxian Sociology

(The Anti-Mainstream Trend in Postwar Japanese Sociology) .... 544.1 Marxian Sociology in Japan 544.2 Marxist Rural Sociology in Japan 565 The Development of Empirical Sociology in Japan 575.1 The Hyphenated Sociology 575.2 Family Sociology 585.3 Rural Sociology 605.4 Urban Sociology 615.5 Industrial Sociology 636 Social Research and Quantitative Sociology 646.1 Statistical Social Research in Japan 646.2 Social Stratification and Mobility (SSM) Research in Japan 667 Summary and Conclusion:

Some Comments on Postwar Sociology 69Bibliography 72

A History of Empirical Social Research in Japan 77

Kaneko Masahiko

1 Introduction 772 Empirical Social Research in Prewar Japan (before 1945) 782.1 The Social Survey 782.2 Quantitative Research 792.3 Community Studies 793 Quantitative Social Research in Postwar Japan (after 1946) 813.1 The Spread of Quantitative Research 813.2 The SSM Survey 824 Qualitative Research in Postwar Japan 864.1 The Non-directive Interview and Participant Observation 864.2 Oral life history 884.3 Document analysis 885 Conclusion 89

Bibliography 90

Table of content 7

Concerning Max Weber's Reception in Japan 93

Yamada Masanori

1 Introduction: What Characterizes the History of a Reception? .... 932 Before 1930 953 From the 1930s to the End of World War II 964 From the End of world War II to the 1960s 995 The Weber Criticism of the 1960s and 1970s 1016 The Splitting of the Weberians in the 1970s 1047 The Criticism 1068 Conclusion 108

Bibliography 108

The Acceptance of Simmel in Japan 113

Nagatani Ken

1 Introduction 1132 Acceptance Before World War II 1143 Acceptance after World War II 1204 Concluding Remarks 124

Bibliography 125

Talcott Parsons and theoretical sociology in Japan:The Social System Theory and its Influence on JapaneseSociologists 127

Mori Mototaka

1 Introduction 1272 A Characteristic Configuration of the Social Sciences in Japan ... 1273 Japanese Versions of Structural-functionalism 1303.1 Theory of Social Change 1323.2 The Development of the Theory of Social Stratification 1363.3 The Development of a Historical Theory of Civilization and

Japanese Society 1383.4 Conclusion: The End of Ideology and Epigone 139

Bibliography 140

8 Table of content

Phenomenological Sociology in Japan: Past and Present- with special reference to Alfred Schiitz - 143

Sato Yoshikazu

1 Introduction 1432 The First Stage: Before the Second World War 1432.1 Historical Background 1432.2 Three Representative Sociologists Important to

Phenomenological Sociology in Japan 1442.2.1 Shinmei Masamichi (1898-1984):

The First to Introduce German Phenomenological Sociologyinto Japan 144

2.2.2 UsuiJisho (1890-1991):A Sound-Minded Seeker of Sociology 145

2.2.3 Kurauchi Kazuta (1896-1988): An Intrinsical Introductionof the Method of Phenomenology into Cultural Sociology 146

2.3 Otaka Tomoo and Alfred Schtttz:An International Affair Relevant to PhenomenologicalSociology in Japan 148

3 The Second Stage: After the Second World War 1503.1 Historical Background 1504 Alfred Schiitz and phenomenological sociology in Japan 1524.1 Initiative; Yamaguchi Setsuo's Society and Meaning 1524.2 Critical Work:

Hiromatsu Wataru (193 3 -1994) and his Critique of AlfredSchutz 155

4.3 A Series of Serious Works; Mori's Alfred Schutz in Vienna,1995 etc 158

4.4 International Affairs Relevant to Phenomenological Sociologyin Japan 160

5 Conclusion 161Bibliography 162

Sociology of Knowledge and Sociology of Culture in Japan:Prewar Period, Postwar Period and Postmodern Period 165

Mikami Takeshi

1 Prewar Period, 1920s-1945 foundation Work 1651.1 In the age of crisis 1651.2 Crisis in the Weimar Republic and Japan 1651.3 Kultursoziologie, Wissenssoziologie, and Marxism 1651.4 Anti-Sociology 1672 From Germany to America 169

Table of content 9

3 Frankfurt School, Structuralism and Sociology of Knowledge .... 1704 Sociology of Culture 1715 Postmodern Period, 1980s: Re-Europeanization 172

Bibliography 173

The History of Family Research in Japan 175

Amano Masako

1 Introduction 1752 The Origins of Family Sociology-Phase One (1926-1944) 1762.1 Toda Teizo's Empirical Family Research 1762.2 The ie within Social Structure 1783 The Expansion and Crisis of Group Theory -

Phase Two (1945-1979) 1793.1 The Application of Family Research to a Pragmatic Problem 1793.2 The Influence of American Sociology 1813.3 Critique of the Group-Theory Approach ; 1824 The Change in Paradigms of Family Research -

Phase Three (1980-) 1834.1 The Nuclear Family Loses its Relevance 1834.2 Observations of the subjective family experience 1844.3 Introduction to the Gender Perspective 1854.4 Study of the Relationship between the ie and the

Modern Family 1875 Conclusion 188

Bibliography 188

History of Industrial Sociology in Japan: Ethos and Organizationin Company-Capitalism 191

Suzuki Shuichi

1 Introduction 1922 Industrial Dualism in Japan 1923 Industrialization and Workers'Ethos 1953.1 The Recovery Period (1945-1955) 1953.2 The Period of Rapid Growth (1955-1974) and

Workers'Ethos 1964 Conclusion 200

Bibliography 201

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The History of Feminist Sociology in Japan 203

Ito Midori

1 Introduction 2032 The Discourse on the Mother Role 2033 Takamure Itsue 2054 The Discourse on the Role of the Housewife (shufuronso) 2075 The New Feminist Movement - Oman ribu and the third

Phase of the Discourse about the Role of the Housewife 2096 The Arise of Women's Studies 2107 Ecological Feminism 2128 The Current Situation of Feminist Sociology 2139 Conclusion 214

Bibliography 215

The Authors and Editors 219