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Hardware Software -CodesginEmbedded System Design / Integrated Circuits Design Lab

Peiyi Zhao, Ph.DEmail : zhao@chapman.edu

Web: www.chapman.edu/~zhaoMath and Computer Science Department

Chapman University

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Contents1. Digital design need software + hardware co-

design

2. Digital processors and the programming languages for digital design

3. Tools and resource in the lab

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1. Digital design=

soft ware + hardware co-design

Digital design is everywhere• communication, • consumer electronics, • defense, • aerospace, etc

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• About 60 microcontrollers in your car from airbag controller to engine temperature controller.

• 6 billion microcontroller units were shipped in 2004, predicted to increase by 10%(Source:

Instate.Inc market research ) each year from 2004-2009• Semiconductor annual revenue of 2004:

estimated of $211.4 billion

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Moore’s law (observation): transistors on a chip doubles in every 18-24 months.

More and more transistors are put in one chip to enable complex functions you never dream 10 years ago

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Some of the design issues you may notice in daily life:• For microprocessor in laptop, the power consumption

reaches 100 watts which nearly could cook an egg

Source: Intel

• Other issues: security, etc.• The issues need to be solved by hardware/software co-

design

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• These complex processors need people to design and program, the power and security issues need people to research.

• Digital design : programming skill + digital hardware knowledge = software + hardware co-design

• “The performance of software systems is dramatically affected by how well software designers understand the basic hardware technologies at work in a system. Similarly, hardware designers must understand the far-reaching effects their design decisions have on software applications.” Source: John Hennessy, President of Stanford University;

David Patterson, University of California, Berkeley, President of ACM;

• Our lab provides interdisciplinary training for software, hardware co-design.

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2. Digital Processors and Programming Languages in Digital Design

• Human being:– super low power, ultra speed amazing brain, – memory, – sense (eye, ear, etc)

• Basic structure of processor:– central processing unit, CPU– memory, – input/output in computer ( keyboard, screen etc)

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• What kinds of processors are there?

• Microcontroller: put central processing unit, memory, input/output port in one silicon chip. Uses C or assembly language to program. (related course: CPSC250)

• Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA): powerful prefabricated programmable digital integrated circuits. You can design a circuit on your computer and have it running on your desk in minutes. Using Verilog / VHDL to programming.

(related courses: CPSC365, CPSC252)

• Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC): Using C/ Verilog/ VHDL programming language to design chip for better speed and power according to your specification and fabricate it. (related course: CPSC465)

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• The computer : multilevel hardware software perspective – Level 5 Program oriented language level CPSC 230/231,

350,353,354,402,408

– Level 4 Assembly language level Assembly language CPSC 250

– Level 3 Operating system level Operating system CPSC 380

– Level 2 Instruction set architecture level Computer architecture CPSC 252

– Level 1 Digital logic level Digital logic CPSC 365

– Level 0 Integrated circuit level Integrated circuits CPSC 465

• People interested in understanding how a computer really works must study all the levels.

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3.Tools and resources in the lab

– Instruments– Software– Special parts– Methods/skills

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• Instruments– Waveform generator

– Oscilloscope

– Digital analyzer

– Multimeter

• Computers and gate arrays– Sun Blade server

– Digilent FPGA boards

– Microcontroller: Atmel STK 500

– MIT Handyboard

– Lego RCX board

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• Design tool– Cadence– Synopsys– ModelSim– StudioAVR– C Codevision compiler– Xilinx XSE tool– Altera tool

• Special parts– Sensors: light, pressure,

temperature– Breadboards– LCD– Resistors, capacitors

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• Design skill: Using the previous tools to – design and download different digital logic design to boards – or send to MOSIS to fabricate

abstract digital design level

• Troubleshooting design

– Breakdown large problem to small ones,– Isolate problem, – Create/use test bench, – Search error message/solution in data base, help manual,

ask specialist questions, check tutorial, FAQ, user group, etc

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• Student projects– Embedded system design– Security: Implement security design in FPGA– Low power research: low power circuits – Microcontroller – Handyboard Robot– Send Chips to MOSIS for fabrication (coming

soon)

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• Webpage:• Our department and college• http://www.chapman.edu/wcls/• http://www.chapman.edu/wcls/MathCS/

• More information on the related digital courses:• http://www1.chapman.edu/~zhao/

– Peiyi Zhao, Assistant Professor Department of Math and Computer Science,BK403 Chapman University One University Drive, Orange, CA 92866

– Phone: 714 744 7804 – Fax: 714 628 7340 – Email: zhao@chapman.edu