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ObjectivesObjectives
►Explain causes of cargo damageExplain causes of cargo damage►Explain who is responsible for correct Explain who is responsible for correct
packingpacking►Explain the document flow for correct Explain the document flow for correct
packingpacking►Explain what container to be used for Explain what container to be used for
what cargowhat cargo
ObjectivesObjectives
►List the steps to be made before List the steps to be made before loading a containerloading a container
►Explain the good working practices Explain the good working practices during stuffing of a containerduring stuffing of a container
►Explain the reasons and Explain the reasons and procedures for packing several procedures for packing several kinds of cargo into a containerkinds of cargo into a container
►Explain the procedures during Explain the procedures during stripping of a containerstripping of a container
Benefits of Benefits of ContainerizationContainerization
►11 Reduced HandlingReduced Handling
►22 Reduce risksReduce risks
►33 Speedier handlingSpeedier handling
►44 Reduced packagingReduced packaging
►55 Reduced costsReduced costs
Container Packing Container Packing ProblemsProblems
►11 Damage during Damage during packing/unpackingpacking/unpacking
►22 Uneven container loadingUneven container loading
►33 Insecure packingInsecure packing
►44 Cargo IncompatibilityCargo Incompatibility
►55 Administrative errorAdministrative error
Container IncompatibilityContainer Incompatibility►11 Poor container conditionPoor container condition
►22 Rusty contaminated containerRusty contaminated container
►33 Sweating cargo in dry boxSweating cargo in dry box
►44 Constant temperature cargo in Constant temperature cargo in dry boxdry box
►55 Unsuitable stowage positionUnsuitable stowage position
At Risk from Badly Packed At Risk from Badly Packed ContainersContainers
►11 Vehicle driversVehicle drivers
►22 Rail workersRail workers
►33 Ships crew Ships crew
►44 Port workers Port workers
►55 UnpackersUnpackers
Preparing and PlanningPreparing and Planningcontainer Packingcontainer Packing
►11 Origination of sequenceOrigination of sequence
►22 Container selectionContainer selection
►33 Planning packingPlanning packing
Container SelectionContainer Selection►11 Cargo TypeCargo Type
►22 Cargo dimensionsCargo dimensions
►33 Cargo weightCargo weight
►44 Cargo volumeCargo volume
►55 Transport routeTransport route
Loading Plan FactorsLoading Plan Factors
►11 Packaging typePackaging type
►22 Securing arrangementsSecuring arrangements
►33 Packing sequencePacking sequence
Packing RequirementsPacking Requirements
►11 ContainmentContainment
►22 ProtectionProtection
►33 Ease of handlingEase of handling
Cargo can be damaged byCargo can be damaged by
►Careless packing and unpackingCareless packing and unpacking►Uneven container loadingUneven container loading►Bad securingBad securing► IncompatibilitiesIncompatibilities►Administrative errorsAdministrative errors
The Container Packing The Container Packing OperationOperation
►1 Inspect the container1 Inspect the container►2 Working Practices2 Working Practices►3 Packing regular cargoes3 Packing regular cargoes►4 Packing special cargoes4 Packing special cargoes►5 Packing dangerous 5 Packing dangerous
cargoescargoes►6 Completing packing6 Completing packing►7 Unpacking containers7 Unpacking containers
Container InspectionContainer Inspection
►11 SuitableSuitable
►22 External InspectionExternal Inspection
►33 Internal InspectionInternal Inspection
Container SuitabilityContainer Suitability
►11 Is it the right containerIs it the right container►22 Is it the right typeIs it the right type►33 Is it the right sizeIs it the right size►44 Is its rating adequateIs its rating adequate►55 Is it made of the right materialIs it made of the right material
Container Packing AimsContainer Packing Aims
►Rapid packingRapid packing►No delaysNo delays►No heavy manual handlingNo heavy manual handling►Avoid accidentsAvoid accidents►Prevent damagePrevent damage
Working MethodsWorking Methods►1 Position and preparing container1 Position and preparing container►2 Preparing for work2 Preparing for work►3 Using appropriate equipment3 Using appropriate equipment►4 Using safe manual methods4 Using safe manual methods►5 Using dunnage correctly5 Using dunnage correctly►6 Preventing condensation6 Preventing condensation►7 Packing safely7 Packing safely►8 Following special instructions8 Following special instructions►9 Following loading plan9 Following loading plan
Container PreparationContainer Preparation
►1 Position container correctly1 Position container correctly►2 Set on firm level ground2 Set on firm level ground►3 Secure trailer > Brake and Chock3 Secure trailer > Brake and Chock►4 Support trailer4 Support trailer►5 Floor level with loading platform5 Floor level with loading platform►6 Close gap with plate or ram6 Close gap with plate or ram
Container PreparationContainer Preparation
►7 7 Clear loading areaClear loading area►8 8 Light loading areaLight loading area►9 9 Fit dock seals correctlyFit dock seals correctly►10 Keep access clear10 Keep access clear
Prepare Prior to LoadingPrepare Prior to Loading
►Treated dunnageTreated dunnage►Separation materialsSeparation materials►PaperPaper►Securing materialsSecuring materials►Moisture protection materialsMoisture protection materials
Good Mechanical Handling Good Mechanical Handling PracticesPractices
►1 Select the best machine1 Select the best machine►2 Check floor loading2 Check floor loading►3 Use electric machines3 Use electric machines►4 Use appropriate attachments4 Use appropriate attachments►5 Check load is secure5 Check load is secure►6 Use ramps, bridge plates6 Use ramps, bridge plates►7 Use pallet trucks over short 7 Use pallet trucks over short
distancesdistances►8 Carry loads near to ground8 Carry loads near to ground►9 Keep loads up-slope9 Keep loads up-slope
Good Manual HandlingGood Manual Handling
►1 Lay dunnage progressively1 Lay dunnage progressively►2 Remove empty pallets2 Remove empty pallets►3 Lower packages onto soft material3 Lower packages onto soft material►4 Do NOT drag cargo > use rollers4 Do NOT drag cargo > use rollers►5 Use hooks or grips ONLY when safe5 Use hooks or grips ONLY when safe►6 Handle carefully6 Handle carefully►7 Lift Safely7 Lift Safely
Using Dunnage CorrectlyUsing Dunnage Correctly
►11 Select the appropriate typeSelect the appropriate type
►22 Check its conditionCheck its condition
►33 Use treated timberUse treated timber
Preventing CondensationPreventing CondensationDo NotDo Not
►1 1 Pack wet cargo or wet containerPack wet cargo or wet container►2 2 Use wet dunnageUse wet dunnage►3 3 Pack moisture producing goods Pack moisture producing goods
withwith moisture sensitive onesmoisture sensitive ones►4 4 Allow moisture sensitive goods Allow moisture sensitive goods
to to touch container walls or rooftouch container walls or roof►5 5 Pack sweaty cargoes under Pack sweaty cargoes under
waterproof sheetswaterproof sheets
Preventing CondensationPreventing CondensationDODO
►6 Protect machinery by vacuum 6 Protect machinery by vacuum packing or coatingpacking or coating
►7 Use absorbent dunnage7 Use absorbent dunnage►8 Use temperature controlled 8 Use temperature controlled
containers and or holdscontainers and or holds►9 Use vented/ventilated containers 9 Use vented/ventilated containers
and or and or holdsholds►10 Leave air duct spaces10 Leave air duct spaces
Packing SafelyPacking Safely►1 DO pack scrap metal and ore 1 DO pack scrap metal and ore
carefullycarefully►2 Do NOT pack damaged packages2 Do NOT pack damaged packages►3 Do NOT smoke3 Do NOT smoke►4 DO wear appropriate protective 4 DO wear appropriate protective
clothingclothing►5 DO take care when working with 5 DO take care when working with
machinerymachinery►6 DO label the container when 6 DO label the container when
fumigating, using dry ice or packing fumigating, using dry ice or packing dangerous goodsdangerous goods
Pack To The PlanPack To The Plan
►11 Follow the loading planFollow the loading plan►22 Conform any alterations to the Conform any alterations to the
planplan►33 Check each packages as it is Check each packages as it is
loadedloaded►44 Tick off on the tally listTick off on the tally list►55 Note any damage difference on Note any damage difference on
the listthe list
Packing Special CargoesPacking Special Cargoes
►11 Long cargoesLong cargoes
►22 Oversized and heavy liftsOversized and heavy lifts
►33 Refrigerated cargoesRefrigerated cargoes
►44 Dry bulk cargoesDry bulk cargoes
►55 Liquid bulk cargoesLiquid bulk cargoes
Packing ReefersPacking Reefers
►11 Select a suitable containerSelect a suitable container►22 Prepare the containerPrepare the container►33 Check the container temperatureCheck the container temperature►44 Pre-cool the cargo, check Pre-cool the cargo, check
temperaturetemperature►55 Pack at the cold storePack at the cold store►66 Leave air ducts when stackingLeave air ducts when stacking►77 Do not stack above load lineDo not stack above load line
Packing reefersPacking reefers
►88 Hang on rails if appropriateHang on rails if appropriate►99 When packed close doorsWhen packed close doors►1010 Check position of ventilationCheck position of ventilation►1111 Check setpoint and mark the chartCheck setpoint and mark the chart►1212 Write temperature etc on packing Write temperature etc on packing
list.list.
Completing PackingCompleting Packing►1 Secure the cargo1 Secure the cargo►2 Brace/shore at the door2 Brace/shore at the door►3 Replace cover of open top3 Replace cover of open top►4 Sign tally list4 Sign tally list►5 Complete container packing list, 5 Complete container packing list,
put copy inside door and distribute put copy inside door and distribute copiescopies
►6 For dangerous goods complete a 6 For dangerous goods complete a container packing certificate and container packing certificate and attach placardsattach placards
Completing PackingCompleting Packing
►77 Close and seal the doorClose and seal the door►88 Attach fumigant/refrigerant labelsAttach fumigant/refrigerant labels►99 Request container removalRequest container removal►1010 Weigh the containerWeigh the container
Preparing To UnpackPreparing To Unpack
►11 Position and secure the containerPosition and secure the container►22 Check container external Check container external
conditioncondition►33 Inspect and remove the door sealInspect and remove the door seal►44 Carefully open and secure the Carefully open and secure the
doordoor►55 Inspect the container contentsInspect the container contents►66 Retrieve the container packing listRetrieve the container packing list
UnpackingUnpacking
►11 Use handling equipment, but Use handling equipment, but correctlycorrectly
►22 If unpacking by hand, follow all If unpacking by hand, follow all appropriate precautionsappropriate precautions
►33 Unpack in sequence and tallyUnpack in sequence and tally►44 Sort and reassemble the Sort and reassemble the
consignment at consignment at the doorthe door►55 Palletize small loose itemsPalletize small loose items
UnpackingUnpacking
►66 Check each package for condition Check each package for condition and and identityidentity
►77 Take damaged packages to the Take damaged packages to the appropriate holding areaappropriate holding area
►88 Remove separating dunnage Remove separating dunnage carefullycarefully
►99 Attach a pile tag to each stored Attach a pile tag to each stored consignmentconsignment